JP3364094B2 - Large capacity ceramic filter - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a large-capacity ceramic filter used as a gas clean-up facility for a coal gasifier or a pressurized fluidized-bed boiler. 2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 is a side view showing the inside of a pressure vessel of a conventional ceramic filter, and FIG. In both figures, 01 is a pressure vessel, 02 is a ceramic filter, and 03 is a head plate which is provided above and below and supports the ceramic filter 02. 04 is a dust-containing gas inlet, 05
Is a clean gas outlet, 06 is an ash take-out port, and 07 is a dust-containing gas inlet pipe, into which dust-containing gas is introduced. 010 is an ash take-out tube. [0003] The conventional large-capacity ceramic filter having the above-described structure is of a single-stage type as shown in the drawing, and dust-containing gas containing dust such as ash is contained in a gasification furnace or boiler (not shown). From the dust gas inlet 04, through the dust-containing gas inlet pipe 07, into the pressure vessel 01, the ceramic filter 02
Sent to. Particles such as ash are removed from the dust-containing gas by the ceramic filter 02, and the clean gas is taken out from the clean gas outlet 05. Particles such as ash removed by the ceramic filter 02 pass through the ash extraction pipe 010 at the lower part of the pressure vessel 01 and are extracted from the ash extraction pipe 06. The dust-containing gas is a high-temperature gas of about 900 ° C., and the ceramic filter 02 is made of a material that can withstand the temperature conditions, and both ends of the ceramic filter 02 penetrate the end plate 03 as described above. It is attached. Moreover, in order to prevent breakage due to a difference in extension from the end plate 03, both ends are not fixed to the end plate 03, but have a movable seal structure. [0005] That is, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing elongation due to thermal stress of a ceramic filter 0;
2 is subjected to thermal stress, and elongation α due to heat is generated.
However, the ceramic filter 02 is not fixed to the end plate 03 but is made movable, and the thermal and mechanical stresses on the ceramic filter 02 are prevented by such measures. The effect of is prevented. [0006] In the conventional large-capacity ceramic filter, there is a limit in increasing the capacity of the filter in the method of preventing the thermal and mechanical stress action by the movable seal structure as described above. Was. That is, (1) Due to the difference in elongation between the pressure vessel and the end plate, the diameter cannot be increased beyond a certain diameter (a limit value which is determined by the capacity and becomes a problem). (2) By increasing the length of the filter, dust may be reattached to the filter at the time of backwashing even if the capacity is to be increased. It cannot be exceeded. As a result, the limit values of the diameter and length of the pressure vessel are inevitably determined, and when the capacity is increased, the number of pressure vessels is increased, resulting in an increase in cost and difficulty in operation. In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been made to overcome the above-mentioned restrictions due to the thermal and mechanical stresses of ceramic filters and to increase the capacity at low cost . providing hands <br/> stage. [0009] lead boiler or from the gasification furnace, the dust-containing hot gas into the pressure vessel to remove particles of hot gas through a ceramic filter which is supported by an end plate provided vertically in the same container, from the clean gas outlet in large-capacity ceramic filter for discharging the clean gas into the pressure vessel outside the ceramic filter is supported by the upper and lower end plate and a plurality of stages installed, connected in series in the flow path of the Atsushi Ko gas, the flow of the respective stages
A switching valve is installed on each road, and the valve is
Open / close and introduce backwash gas from the clean gas outlet
A large-capacity ceramic filter wherein the ceramic filter can be backwashed in each stage alone . [0010] In cell La Mick filter of the [0011] The present invention is,
Since the ceramic filter is multistage in the pressure vessel,
The diameter of the pressure vessel is the same as the conventional type, the length of the ceramic filter is kept below the limit length determined by thermal and mechanical stress, this filter is arranged in multiple stages, and these filters are connected in series in the flow path. , The capacity of the ceramic filter can be increased with a single pressure vessel. Further , since switching valves are provided in each flow path of each stage, by opening and closing these valves, a backwash gas is introduced from a clean gas outlet of each stage.
Backwashing can be performed using only the ceramic filter of each stage. Further, even if one of the stages is backwashed, the dust-containing gas is introduced by opening the switching valve of the other stage that is not backwashed, and the operation can be continued using the other stage. Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the inside of a pressure vessel of a large-capacity ceramic filter according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. In both figures, 1 to 12 are switching valves for each flow path,
13 is an upper end plate, 13a is a lower end plate, and both end plates support the upper ceramic filter 12-1. Reference numeral 23 denotes a middle end plate, and 23a denotes a lower end plate, and both end plates support the middle stage ceramic filter 12-2. Reference numeral 33 denotes a head plate that supports the lower ceramic filter 13-3 at both upper and lower ends. Reference numeral 14 denotes a dust-containing gas inlet for introducing gas from a dust-containing gas inlet pipe 17. 15-
Reference numerals 1, 15-2, and 15-3 denote clean gas outlets, which are provided in the upper, middle, and lower ceramic filter portions, respectively. Reference numeral 16 denotes an ash extraction port, and an ash extraction pipe 20 is provided.
Remove the ash from Reference numerals 18-1 and 18-2 denote upper and middle ash take-out pipes, 19 denotes a branch pipe branched from the dust-containing gas inlet pipe 17, and 21 denotes a pressure vessel containing the entirety. As described above, the large-capacity ceramic filter according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of (three, upper, middle and lower) end plates 13, 23, and 23 in the pressure vessel 21.
33, and ceramic filters 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 separated by these end plates are provided. The dust-containing gas enters through the dust-containing gas inlet 14, and the dust-containing gas inlet pipe 1
7, after passing through the ceramic filter 12-1, the clean gas is discharged from the clean gas outlet 15-1,
The particles collected in the ceramic filter 12-1 pass through the ash extraction pipe 18-1 at the center of the lower part of the end plate 13a, and are discharged out of the system from the ash extraction port 16 via 18-2 and 18-20. You. A part of the dust-containing gas entering from the dust-containing gas inlet 14 passes through the branch pipe 19, and through the switching valves 5 and 7, respectively, to the middle-stage ceramic filter 12-.
2, and via valves 4 and 8 to the lower ceramic filter. In each of the middle and lower filters 12-2 and 12-3, the clean gas flows out of the clean gas outlets 15-2 and 15-3, respectively, as in the case of the above-described 12-1. −2,
The ash is discharged from the ash take-out port 16 through each of them. In this embodiment, the ceramic filter has been described as having three stages, but the ceramic filter can be divided into up to five stages. In this way, the length of each ceramic filter can be kept below the limit length due to thermal and mechanical stress by using a multi-stage type. Thus, the capacity of the ceramic filter can be increased. Next, a method for backwashing such a large-capacity ceramic filter will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the dust-containing gas inlet pipe 17, the branch pipe 19, and the ash extraction pipe 18 of each stage.
A switching valve 1 is provided in each of the flow paths -1, 18-2 and 20.
To 12 are provided, and backwashing can be performed by opening and closing these predetermined valves. First, when performing the upper backwash, the valve 2
Only by closing the valve and supplying a backwash gas from the valve 3, backwash of the upper ceramic filter can be performed. When performing the middle backwash, the valves 5, 6,
By closing 7 and supplying backwash gas from valve 9, the backwash of the middle-stage ceramic filter can be performed.
In the case of performing the lower backwash, the valves 4, 6, 8, and 10 are closed, and a backwash gas is supplied from the valve 11 so that the lower ceramic filter can be backwashed. As described above, in the large-capacity ceramic filter according to the present embodiment, each stage can be backwashed independently, and even if any stage is being backwashed, no backwash is performed. , The dust-containing gas is introduced, the operation can be continued using the other stages, and the switching valves 1 to 1
A wide range of operation can be performed by controlling the opening and closing of No. 2. As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of ceramic filters supported by upper and lower end plates are installed and connected by a flow path. A switching valve is installed in each channel, and the valve is opened and closed to introduce backwash gas from the clean gas outlet.
Since the backwashing is possible in each stage alone, the following effects can be obtained. (1) By dividing the ceramic filter into a plurality of stages and increasing the number of stages by using a limit size that does not cause damage due to thermal or mechanical stress when used in a single stage, to increase the capacity. And cost can be reduced. (2) By providing a flow-path switching valve in each section, backwashing can be performed in each stage alone, and operation is performed using any other stage even if any stage is backwashed. It became possible to continue.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side view of a large-capacity ceramic filter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of a conventional large-capacity ceramic filter. FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the action of thermal and mechanical stress on a ceramic filter. [Description of Signs] 1 to 12 Switching valves 13, 13a, 23, 23a, 33 End plates 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 Ceramic filter 14 Dust-containing gas inlets 15-1, 15-2, 15-3 Clean gas outlet 16 Ash outlet 17 Dust-containing gas inlet pipes 18-1, 18-2, 20 Ash outlet pipe 19 Branch pipe 21 Pressure vessel

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01D 39/20 B01D 46/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A dust-containing high-temperature gas is introduced from a boiler or a gasification furnace into a pressure vessel, and is passed through a ceramic filter supported by end plates provided above and below in the same vessel. In a large-capacity ceramic filter that removes fine particles and clean gas flows out of the pressure vessel from the clean gas outlet,
Said upper and lower ceramic filter is supported by the end plate and a plurality of stages installed, connected in series in the flow path of the Atsushi Ko gas, each of the stages
A switching valve is installed in each flow path.
Open and close to introduce backwash gas from the clean gas outlet
A large-capacity ceramic filter wherein the ceramic filter can be backwashed in each stage alone .