JP3361282B2 - Crack crusher and crush crusher - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to waste products generated in daily life such as glass products such as glass bottles and cups, and broken products such as ceramic products such as drinking cups, earthenware pots, teacups, plates and teapots. Fragmentary crusher that crushes into granules,
The present invention also relates to a crushed material crushing / separating apparatus for separating the crushed material into particles according to the size of the particle diameter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, glass products such as glass bottles and cups, and ceramic products such as drinking cups, earthenware pots, teacups, plates and teapots become wastes when they are unnecessary or damaged.

[0003]

Of these broken products such as glass products and ceramic products, some of them, such as bottles, may be reused, but most of them are treated as waste and reused. There was no. Also, broken cups, bottles, tableware, etc. are not easy to handle because the broken parts may be damaged.

The present invention was made in view of the above problems and was devised to solve the problems. The object of the present invention is to dispose of broken pieces such as glass products and ceramic products to be discarded. A crushed material crusher that can be crushed into particles, or can be crushed into particles and can be sorted according to the diameter of the particles to facilitate subsequent handling, and can be reused. It is to provide a crushed material crushing and sorting apparatus.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a cylindrical crushing chamber inside an exterior body, and a rotary crushing blade which is driven and rotated inside the crushing chamber. The rotary crushing blade is provided with a screw structure in which a plurality of crushing blades are arranged radially and obliquely with respect to the rotation axis on the circumferential side between a pair of rotating plates having a hole in one rotation center. The inside of the discharge pipe is equipped with a throw-in pipe for throwing cracks leading to the rotation center side of the rotary crushing blade on the exterior body, and a discharge pipe directed in the circumferential tangential direction of the rotary crusher blade on the outer peripheral side of the exterior body. An adjusting piece for adjusting the amount and the particle size of the particulate matter discharged from the discharge pipe in a non-fully closed state of the discharge pipe is provided in the spiral, and the spiral is formed by the rotation of a plurality of crushing blades obliquely arranged with respect to the rotation axis. A flow was generated, air was sucked in from the input pipe, and was crushed together with air from the discharge pipe. The are was granules of those consisting of means for pumping.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crushed material crusher having the structure of the first aspect, and a crushed material classifier for classifying the granular material crushed by the crushed material crusher according to the size of the particle size. A feeding conveyor that sends the crushed material to the crushed material crusher, a supply pipe that connects the starting end to the discharge pipe of the crushed material crusher and supplies the crushed granular material to the crushed material classifier, and the coarse granular material separated by the crushed material classifier A re-feeding conveyor for returning again to make fine granules with a crusher, and at least composed of, the top of the separation chamber of the above-mentioned breakage sorter is provided with a sieve for separating the appendages of the breakage, from the top The second stage comprises means provided with a sieve for separating coarse particles.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on the embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the fragment crushing and sorting apparatus, FIG. 2 is an internal sectional view of the fragment crusher, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the fragment crusher.

In the figure, a crushed material crushing / separating apparatus 1 comprises a crushed material crusher 2 for crushing crushed material into granules, and a crushed material crusher 3 for classifying the particulate material crushed by the crushed material crusher 2 in accordance with the particle size. A feeding conveyor 4 for sending the crushed material to the crushed material crusher 2, a supply pipe 5 for supplying the crushed material crushed by the crushed material crusher 2 to the crushed material classifier 3, and a coarse horny granular material sorted by the crushable material classifier 3. Is constituted by a re-feeding conveyor 6 and the like which is returned by the crushed material crusher 2 so as to make fine particles again.

The fragment crushing machine 2 has a structure in which a rotary crushing blade 22 is provided inside a cylindrical outer casing 21, and the rotary crushing blade 22 rotates to crush the cracks thrown into the inside into granules. It has become.

The exterior body 21 has a cylindrical outer shape, and is installed with the cylindrical outer shape laid sideways, and a cylindrical crushing chamber 21a is formed therein. Cylindrical crushing chamber 21
a is also installed in a horizontal position, that is, in a state in which the cylindrical core direction is horizontal, and a rotary crushing blade 22 is rotatably provided in this cylindrical crushing chamber 21a.

The rotary crushing blade 22 has a rotary shaft in a horizontal state, and rotates up and down with respect to the horizontal rotary shaft. The diameter of the rotary crushing blade 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the crushing chamber 21a,
The rotary crushing blade 22 is mounted so that the center of rotation of the rotary crushing blade 22 is located at the center of the cylindrical crushing chamber 21a.

The rotary crushing blade 22 includes two rotary plates 22a,
It has a structure in which a plurality of crushing blades 22c are radially arranged at equal intervals with respect to the center of rotation of the rotating plates 22a and 22b on the circumferential edge side between 22b. The crushed material is put between these two rotary plates 22a and 22b, and is crushed into particles by being struck against the crushing blade 22c and the inner circumferential surface of the crushing chamber 21a during rotation. Each crushing blade 22c has a flat plate shape.

In this case, a spiral flow is generated by each crushing blade 22c attached when the rotary crushing blade 22 rotates, so that a suction force is generated in the crushing chamber 21a.
Each crushing blade 22c is attached in an inclined state with respect to the rotation center axis of the rotary crushing blade 22 and has a screw structure. When the rotary crushing blade 22 of this screw structure generates suction force in the crushing chamber 21a during rotation,
At the time of crushing by the rotation of the rotary crushing blade 22, a part of the fragments can be prevented from scattering from the charging port 23a to the outside.

Of the two rotary plates 22a and 22b that hold each crushing blade 22c from both sides in a tilted state, the rotary plate 22
A has a hole in the center of its rotation and has a ring plate shape. Further, the tip end of the rotary shaft 22d is connected to the center of rotation of the rotary plate 22b. This rotating shaft 22
d penetrates the exterior body 21 and projects to the outside,
Is connected to a drive motor (not shown) provided adjacent to the drive motor via a speed reducer or the like.

At the center of rotation of the exterior body 21 on the opposite side of the drive motor, a charging pipe 23 is formed so as to project. The charging pipe 23 is a portion for charging a crushed material that is crushed by the rotary crushing blade 22 in the crushing chamber 21a inside the exterior body 21.
The cracked material thrown in from the charging pipe 23 enters the inside of the crushing chamber 21a through the hole at the center of rotation of the rotary plate 22a.

The charging pipe 23 is formed in an obliquely upward state so that a crack to be charged slides obliquely downward and easily enters the crushing chamber 21a of the exterior body 21. Further, the charging port 23a of the charging pipe 23 is widened upward and widened so that it is easy to automatically load a cracked material from the charging conveyor 4.

Cylindrical crushing chamber 2 inside the exterior body 21
A discharge pipe 24 is formed so as to project on a part of the circumferential side surface of 1a. The discharge pipe 24 is formed in the circumferential tangential direction of the crushing chamber 21a. The discharge pipe 24 is a rotary crushing blade 2 in the crushing chamber 21a.
This is a place where the granular material crushed by 2 is discharged.

Inside the discharge pipe 24, an adjusting piece 24a for adjusting the amount and particle size of the particulate matter discharged from the discharge pipe 24 is provided. The adjusting piece 24a does not completely close the discharge pipe 24, but a part of the adjusting pipe 24a is always open, and the particulate matter crushed inside the exterior body 21 is discharged from the discharge pipe 24.

By narrowing the discharge pipe 24 with this adjusting piece 24a, it is possible to reduce the discharge amount of the particulate matter, and at the same time, to perform the adjustment so as to obtain finely crushed particulate matter.
On the contrary, by opening the adjustment piece 24a, it becomes possible to increase the discharge amount of the particulate matter, and at the same time, to perform the adjustment such that the particulate matter is roughly crushed to obtain the coarse particulate matter with some corners.

The crushed material classifier 3 is an apparatus for classifying the granular material crushed by the crushed material crusher 2 according to the size of the particle size.
A charging hopper 31 is provided on the upper part thereof. The input hopper 31 is a part for inputting the granular material crushed by the crushed material crusher 2, and is widened by expanding upward,
The granular material crushed by the crushed material crusher 2 can be easily fed from the supply pipe 5.

The center of the lower end of the charging hopper 31 is narrowed down to form a discharge port 31a. A sorting chamber 32 is formed below the discharge port 31a. The input hopper 31 and the sorting chamber 32 therebelow are supported by a machine frame 33 arranged outside.

The separation chamber 32 is a part for separating the granular material crushed by the crushed material crusher 2 according to its size, and removing adjuncts other than the crushed material. It is spaced apart. The sieves are arranged such that the sieve meshes are gradually smaller from the upper side to the lower side. The separation chamber 32 has a structure in which it is vibrated by a vibration device (not shown) and separated by a sieve.

Of these, the uppermost sieve is for removing accessories such as the lid of the bottle which are not the crack itself, and the openings of the sieve are such that the accessories attached to the crack such as the lid of the bottle can be removed. It is the size of. A discharge path 32a for discharging the attachments other than the broken pieces remaining on the uppermost sieve is provided so as to project obliquely downward from the side surface of the uppermost sieve of the sorting chamber 32.

Directly below the uppermost sieve, the second uppermost sieve is
It is for removing coarse particles with corners, and the size of the sieve in the second stage from the top is such that coarse particles with corners can be removed. The coarse granules with horns remaining on the second screen from the top are sent back to the crusher crusher 2 and re-crushed into fine granules with sharp corners.

A discharge passage 32b for discharging coarse angular particles remaining on the second-stage sieve from above is provided so as to project obliquely downward from the side surface of the second-stage sieve from above the sorting chamber 32. . Below the tip of the discharge path 32b, the starting end side of the re-feeding conveyor 6 that returns the coarse angular particles discharged from the discharge path 32b to the broken material crusher 2 is arranged.

The sieves from the third stage onward are for separating the granular materials used as products according to the particle size.
A discharge passage (not shown) for discharging the particulate matter remaining on the sieves of the respective stages is provided so as to project obliquely downward from the side surface of the sieve of the respective stages. Etc. can be attached.

Further, the lower end side of the sorting chamber 32 is inclined downward toward the center, and at the center thereof, an outlet 32c for discharging the granular material having the smallest particle size which has passed through each stage of the sieve is directed downward. It is provided. A container, a bag, or the like for containing the granular material having the smallest particle size is attached to the discharge port 32c.

The feeding conveyor 4 is a conveyor for feeding the crushed material to the crushed material crusher 2. The endless belt conveyor is stretched over the driving roller and the driven roller at both ends to circulate. The conveyor is inclined obliquely upward from the start end to the end, and the end of the conveyor is arranged above the charging port 23a of the charging pipe 23 of the crushed material crusher 2. The broken pieces placed on the feeding conveyor 4 are sent to the end of the conveyor, and are automatically dropped and thrown into the lower loading port 23a from the end.

The supply pipe 5 is a pipe line for sending the granular material crushed into particles by the crushed material crusher 2 to the crushed material separating machine 3, and the starting end side of the supply pipe 5 is connected to the discharge pipe 24 of the crushed material crusher 2 and supplied. The end side of the pipe 5 is inserted into the charging hopper 31 of the broken material sorting machine 3. The supply pipe 5 is inclined obliquely upward from the start end toward the end, and the end of the supply pipe 5 is bent downward from above the charging hopper 31 toward the inside thereof. The granular material crushed by the crushed material crusher 2 is the supply pipe 5
Is fed under pressure and automatically dropped into the lower loading hopper 31 from the end thereof.

The re-feeding conveyor 6 is a conveyor for feeding back the coarse granular material having the corners sorted by the broken material sorting machine 3 in order to make fine granular material again by the broken material crushing machine 2, and an endless belt conveyor at both ends. It has a structure in which it is stretched around the driving roller and the driven roller and is circulated. The conveyor is inclined obliquely upward from the start end to the end, and the end of the conveyor is arranged above the charging port 23a of the charging pipe 23 of the broken material crusher 2. The coarse granular material placed on the re-feeding conveyor 6 is sent to the end of the conveyor, and is automatically dropped from the end to the loading port 23a below.

Next, the operation based on the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention will be described below. When the crushed material crushing / separating apparatus 1 is driven, the feeding conveyor 4 and the re-feeding conveyor 6 are operated, and the rotary crushing blade 22 of the crushed material crusher 2 is rotated,
Further, in the broken object sorting machine 3, the sorting chamber 32 vibrates by the vibrating device.

Then, for example, when a broken product such as a glass bottle with a lid is placed on the feeding conveyor 4, the broken product is sent to the end side by the feeding conveyor 4. The input port 23a of the input pipe 23 of the crushed material crusher 2 is located below the end side of the input conveyor 4, and the shards sent to the end of the input conveyor 4 fall downward from the end to the input port 23a. Enter into the charging pipe 23.

The cracked material that has entered the charging pipe 23 slides downward in the charging pipe 23 that is inclined obliquely downward,
From the end of 3 enters the crushing chamber 21a inside the exterior body 21 of the crushed material crusher 2. The end of the charging pipe 23 is located at the center of rotation of the outer casing 21, and the rotary plate 22a of the rotary crushing blade 22 that rotates inside the crushing chamber 21a has a hole formed at the center of rotation. The crushed material that has entered the crushing chamber 21a enters the inside of the rotary crushing blade 22 through the rotation center hole of the rotary plate 22a.

The cracks that have entered the rotary crushing blade 22 are
The plurality of crushing blades 22c radially arranged on the rotation circumferential side of the rotary crushing blade 22 smashes and breaks the particles, and further, the centrifugal force of the rotating rotary crushing blade 22 causes the crushing chamber 21a to fly to the circumferential side surface. It hits the surface and breaks into pieces.

At the beginning of crushing, the shards that had horns were crushed by the crushing blade 22.
By being hit by c, hitting the circumferential side surface of the crushing chamber 21a, and further hitting each other, the corners are gradually removed to form a rounded granular material.

In this case, when an accessory such as a lid is attached to the cracked object, the accessory such as the lid is made of a material that is less likely to be shattered than the cracked object, such as metal or plastic. It does not shatter into particles and is crushed to a certain size.

Inside the crushing chamber 21a, the rotary crushing blade 22
During rotation, a crushing blade 22c obliquely attached to the rotating shaft 22d causes a spiral flow, and the spiral flow acts to suck air from the charging pipe 23, so that the crushing chamber 21a is crushed. Part of the granulated material is input pipe 2
It does not scatter outside from 3.

Further, in the crushing chamber 21a, since air is sucked from the charging pipe 23, the air sucked from the charging pipe 23 becomes a high pressure by the rotating rotary crushing blade 22, and the discharge pipe 24
Will be pumped out from. When this air is pumped and discharged, the crushed particles of the crushed particles in the crushing chamber 21a are crushed into pieces, and the crushed particles of the crushed particles are discharged together with the discharge pipe 2
4 is fed under pressure to the supply pipe 5, is fed under pressure inside the supply pipe 5, and falls from the terminal end of the supply pipe 5 into the input hopper 31 of the broken material sorting machine 3.

The granular particles of the cracks that have fallen into the charging hopper 31 of the cracked material sorting machine 3 fall into the sorting chamber 32 below from the discharge port 31a at the lower end of the charging hopper 31. The sorting chamber 32 is vibrating by a vibrating device (not shown), and the granular material dropped into the sorting chamber 32 is sorted by the vibrating sieve.

In this case, the uppermost sieve of the separation chamber 32 is for removing the appendages of the cracks, and since the sieve has large meshes, the granular particles of the cracks pass through the uppermost sieve. It falls below that.

However, since the accessory of the fragile material, such as the lid of the bottle, is made of a material that is less likely to be shattered than the fragile material, for example, metal or plastic, it does not become a crushed particle like a fragile material. Since it maintains a certain size, it cannot pass through the uppermost sieve and remains on the uppermost sieve. The appendages of the cracks left on the uppermost sieve are gradually sent to the discharge passage 32a side by vibration, and are discharged to the outside from the discharge passage 32a to be removed.

The granules that have passed through the uppermost sieve are separated and removed by the second-stage sieve so that the granules whose corners have not yet been removed or the larger granules are separated. That is, the second-stage sieve separates granules that still have corners or larger granules, and granules that have corners are the largest compared to granules with rounded corners. Because of its large diameter, it cannot pass through the openings of the second-stage sieve and remains on the second-stage sieve. The granules and the larger granules remaining on the second-stage sieve that have not been rounded are gradually sent to the discharge passage 32b side by vibration and discharged to the outside from the discharge passage 32b.

The uncut corner particles or the larger particles discharged from the discharge path 32b fall from the lower end of the discharge path 32b to the starting end side of the recharging conveyor 6 below the discharge path 32b.
The granular material that has dropped to the starting end side of the recharging conveyor 6 is sent to the terminal end side by the recharging conveyor 6.

Below the terminal side of the recharging conveyor 6, the charging port 23a of the charging pipe 23 of the crushed material crusher 2 is located, and the particulate matter sent to the end of the recharging conveyor 6 falls downward from the terminal. Then, it enters the charging pipe 23 through the charging port 23a, and is crushed again, and the corners are removed and crushed to a smaller size than before.

The granules which have passed through the second-stage sieve from the top are separated by the third-stage, fourth-stage, ... The granular material having the smallest particle size passes through all the sieves and is discharged from the discharge port 32c at the lower end of the separation chamber 32.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments of the present invention described above, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0047]

As is clear from the above description, according to the crushed material crusher according to the invention of claim 1, for example, glass products such as glass bottles and cups, and drinking water as wastes generated in daily life. It can crush granules such as earthenware, earthenware pots, bowls, plates, teapots and other ceramic products.
Moreover, each crushing blade radially arranged on the rotary crushing blade has a screw structure tilted with respect to the rotation axis, and during the rotation of the rotary crushing blade, a suction force for sucking air from the charging pipe is generated, It is possible to prevent a part of the crushed fragments from scattering from the charging pipe for charging the fragile material. Further, by adjusting the adjusting piece, it is possible to adjust the particle size of the crushed granules.

According to the crushed material crushing / separating apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, the crushed material can be crushed into particles by the crushed material crusher, and the accessory of the crushed material can be separately removed by the crushed material crushing machine, and coarse particles can be removed. It can be returned to the crushed material crusher and crushed again to remove the corners, etc.By doing this, it is possible to prevent injuries due to the corners of the granular material in the subsequent handling and to facilitate the handling. it can. In addition, it is possible to automatically convey the fragile material to the crushed material crusher, and it is possible to obtain a very novel and beneficial effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a crushed material crushing / separating apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of a crushed material crusher showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the crushed material crusher showing the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fragment crushing and sorting equipment 2 Fragment crusher 21 exterior body 21a Crushing room 22 rotary crushing blade 22a rotating plate 22b rotating plate 22c crushing blade 22d rotating shaft 23 Input pipe 23a input port 24 discharge pipe 24a adjustment piece 3 Fragment separation machine 31 Input hopper 31a outlet 32 separate rooms 32a discharge path 32b discharge path 32c outlet 33 machine frames 4 Input conveyor 5 supply pipes 6 Reloading conveyor

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02C 13/00-13/31 B02C 19/00-25/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylindrical crushing chamber is provided inside the exterior body,
A rotary crushing blade that is driven to rotate is provided inside the crushing chamber, and the rotary crushing blade is provided with a plurality of crushing blades radially and on a rotary shaft on a circumferential side between a pair of rotary plates having a hole at one rotation center. In contrast, a screw structure is installed diagonally, and a throwing pipe for throwing cracks leading to the rotation center side of the rotary crushing blade is provided on the exterior body, and a discharge pipe oriented in the circumferential tangential direction of the rotary crushing blade is provided. Provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the outer casing, and provided inside the discharge pipe with an adjusting piece for adjusting the amount and particle size of the particulate matter discharged from the discharge pipe in a state where the discharge pipe is not fully closed, and oblique to the rotation axis. A crushing machine for crushing, characterized in that a spiral flow is generated by the rotation of a plurality of crushing blades arranged in, the air is sucked from an input pipe, and the crushed particles of the crushed material are pumped together with air from the discharge pipe. 2. A crushed material crusher having the structure of claim 1, a crushed material crusher for classifying the granular material crushed by the crushed material crusher according to a particle size, and a crushed material sent to the crushed material crusher. Feeding conveyor and the discharge pipe of the crushed material crusher are connected to the starting end to supply the crushed granular material to the crushed material classifier, and the coarse particulate material separated by the crushed material classifier is finely crushed again by the crushed material crusher. And a re-feeding conveyor for returning, to provide a sieve for separating cracked materials from the uppermost stage of the separation chamber of the above-mentioned broken material sorting machine, and a coarse grain in the second step from the top. A crushed material crushing / separating device, characterized in that a sieve for separating the material is provided.