JP3359247B2 - Personal identification device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an iris.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a personal identification device that captures and recognizes an iris of an identification target located at a distant position.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as an individual identification technology, there has been one described in the following literature, for example. Literature 1: Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-101911 Literature 2: Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-84166 Literature 3: US Pat. No. 5,291,560 The personal identification device described in the aforementioned Literature 1 is used, for example, in entry / exit control of a confidential room. And that the retinal pattern is different for each individual. The distinguished person looks into a peephole of a reader provided at the entrance of the secret room, and a video camera in the reader photographs the retina of the distinguished person and collects image data. The identification device identifies whether or not the image data matches a pre-registered retina pattern of a person who is permitted to enter the room. However, since the retina is located at the back of the eyeball, in order to accurately capture an image of the retina, conditions such as illumination of an eye and focusing of a video camera are severe, and it is difficult to perform accurate identification. Was.

On the other hand, in the above documents 2 and 3, FIG.
The personal identification is performed using the iris as shown in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the iris. The iris 12 of the eye 11 is a muscle that adjusts the degree of opening of the pupil 13 around the pupil 13 of the iris, and its pattern is composed of wrinkles 14, iris crease rings 15, pits 16, and the like. . Human eyes 11
It is known that it is almost formed by the sixth month of pregnancy, at which point a hole is formed in the pupil, and a wrinkle 14 is chaotically formed outward from the opening (pupil). The growth of the wrinkles 14 ceases approximately by the second year of life, and thereafter forms a unique pattern for the rest of the life. An iris identification method for identifying an individual by focusing on such features of the iris 12 has the following (A) to (D) as compared with other identification methods such as fingerprint collation, signature collation, and a password. There are features. (A) It is difficult to forge. (B) High recognition accuracy. (C) Recognition is possible without contact. (D) There is no change with age.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional personal identification device commercialized based on the above-mentioned document 2. The personal identification device includes a reading unit 20 for reading a pattern of an eye 11 of a person 10 to be identified at a predetermined position. The reading unit 20 has a case 21, and the case 21 is provided with a peep hole 21 a and an illumination hole 21 b. A light source 22 is provided in the case 21 so that light can be emitted from the peephole 21a to the eye 11 of the identified person 10 who peeks into the inside of the case 21 through the illumination hole 21b. I have. A half mirror 23 is provided in front of the peep hole 21a.
3, a video camera 24 is arranged at the rear of the
The eye 11 of 0 can be photographed. Further, in the case 21, a display 25 for displaying the image data IMG obtained from the video camera 24 on the screen, and the image data IMG displayed on the display 25,
A lens 26 for allowing the identified person 10 to confirm through the half mirror 23 is arranged. On the output side of the video camera 24, an iris portion of the eye 11 is extracted from the image data IMG, and an iris code I which is a feature of the iris is extracted.
An iris code generator 31 for generating R is connected. The output side of the iris code generation unit 31 is
The iris code IR of 0 is connected to the input side of the collation unit 32 for collating with the iris code IR of a person registered in advance. Further, a registration database 33 in which the iris code IR of the person to be identified is registered in advance is connected to the matching unit 32.

[0005] Further, the personal identification device is provided with a person to be identified 10.
Has a switch 34 for instructing the start of operation, and a control unit 35 for controlling the operation of the entire apparatus in accordance with the depression of the switch 34. The person to be identified 10 presses the switch 34 while looking through the viewing hole 21a of the reading unit 20 of the personal identification device in FIG. Thereby, the control unit 35 controls the light source 2
2 is turned on, and the operation of the entire apparatus is started. The video camera 24 captures an image of the eye 11 of the person to be identified 10, and the image data IMG is displayed on the display 25. The image data IMG displayed on the display 25 is output to the identified person 10 via the lens 26 and the half mirror 23. The person to be identified 10 looks at the image of his / her eye 11 displayed on the display 25 and reads the image by the reading unit 2 so that the image is in focus.
Adjust the distance to 0. The image data IMG output from the video camera 24 is output to the iris code generator 31.
Given to. The iris code generation unit 31 generates an iris code IR when the image is focused and good image data IMG is input. The iris code IR is given to the collation unit 32, and the collation unit 32 performs collation with the iris code IR registered in the registration database 33 in advance. Then, the collation unit 33 outputs a signal OUT as a result of determining whether or not the identified person 10 is a registered person.

[0006]

However, a conventional personal identification device using the iris 12 performs an operation for identification with the identifiable person 10 consciously and photographs the iris 12 at a short distance. Met. Therefore, for example, it cannot be applied to a use in which it is necessary to identify the identified person 10 at a remote position in a criminal investigation or the like without being known to the person himself / herself. An object of the present invention is to provide a personal identification device capable of identifying a person to be identified 10 at a distant position without his / her knowledge.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention is to irradiate an eye of an identified person with light, photograph an iris of the identified person, and obtain image data of the iris. A feature extracting means for extracting an iris feature of the identified person based on the image data to generate an iris code; and comparing the iris code with iris data of a pre-registered person. Then, in the personal identification device provided with matching means for determining whether or not the identified person is the registered person, the photographing means is configured as follows. That is, the photographing means includes an illuminating unit that irradiates a light beam having an intensity corresponding to a distance signal to the eyes of the identified person existing in a certain range, and a focal length that captures the eyes of the identified person in full size. A zoom lens for adjusting the focal length of the zoom lens and a video camera that outputs image data of an image obtained at the focal point, a display unit that displays the image data on a screen, and the zoom mechanism. A distance calculating unit that calculates a distance between the identified person and the video camera in conjunction with each other and generates the distance signal.

[0008]

[0009] The second invention is the personal identification apparatus of the first aspect of the invention, the imaging means, wherein disposed on the optical axis connecting the an identified person said video camera, the light output from the illumination unit A half mirror that irradiates the light beam to the eye of the identified person by passing or reflecting the light beam is provided.
According to a third aspect , in the personal identification device according to the first or second aspect , laser light is used as the light beam. 1st ~
According to the third aspect , since the personal identification device is configured as described above, the operation is performed as follows. The operator of the personal identification device captures the eyes of the identified person existing in a certain range with a video camera having a zoom lens, and operates the zoom mechanism while looking at the display unit so that the eyes become a full-size image. A distance calculator linked to the zoom mechanism calculates a distance between the identified person and the video camera and generates a distance signal. The illuminating unit irradiates a light beam having an intensity corresponding to the distance signal to the eyes of the identified person. The iris of the eye of the identified person irradiated with the light beam is photographed by a video camera to generate an image image. Furthermore, the image data is extracted by the feature extracting means.
Features of the iris are extracted from the data
It is provided to the matching means. Registered in advance by matching means
Of the iris data of the person
And the collation result is output.

[0010]

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a personal identification device showing a first embodiment of the present invention. This personal identification device is a device for identifying an individual by using an iris, and includes a video camera 40 for photographing the eye 11 of the identification target 10. The video camera 40 has, for example, a zoom lens 41 having a focal length capable of closing up the eye 11 of the identified person 10 at a distance of 2 to 10 m to a full size, and a zoom mechanism for adjusting the focal length of the zoom lens 41. (For example,
A zoom mechanism unit 42 which converts a video image obtained at the focus of the zoom lens 41 into an electric signal and outputs image data IMG;
evice (hereinafter, referred to as “CCD”), an imaging unit 43, and a low-magnification subscope 44 (not shown in FIG. 1) for roughly adjusting the direction.

A zoom adjustment switch 45 is connected to the zoom mechanism 42.
By operating, the zoom lens 41 can be driven to adjust the focal length. Further, the zoom mechanism section 42 has a function of outputting a position signal PS corresponding to the focal length of the zoom lens 41, and the input side of the distance calculation section 51 is connected to this output side. Position signal PS
For example, a potentiometer is attached so as to interlock with the zoom lens 41, and a voltage value obtained from the potentiometer is used. The distance calculation unit 51 determines the eye 11 and the video camera 4 based on the input position signal PS.
It calculates the distance between 0 and outputs a distance signal DS. The output side of the distance calculation unit 51 is connected to the input side of the laser light control unit 52 of the illumination unit (for example, the laser light control unit 52 and the laser light emission unit 53).

The laser light control unit 52 irradiates the laser light LZ for irradiating the eye 11 of the identified person 10 based on the distance signal DS.
The intensity signal IS for optimally adjusting the intensity is calculated and output to the laser emitting unit 53. Laser light LZ
Is the wavelength λ of the laser beam LZ, the wavelength λ
, The illuminance of light other than the laser beam LZ at the eye 11, the eye 11 and the laser light emitting unit 5
3, the beam spread of the laser light LZ due to the distance between
It is calculated using, as a parameter, attenuation due to dust or water vapor in the air. In practice, the relationship between the distance and the intensity of the laser light LZ is determined in advance by actual measurement, and the laser light control unit 52
Outputs an intensity signal IS for a predetermined time based on a given distance signal DS according to the relationship. Upon receiving the intensity signal IS, the laser light emitting section 53 outputs a laser beam LZ having an intensity corresponding to the intensity signal IS.
Is output. The laser light LZ output from the laser light emitting unit 53 is reflected by a half mirror 54 disposed immediately before the video camera 40, and
1 is irradiated.

On the other hand, a display section (for example, a monitor) 55 for displaying image data IMG on a screen and a feature extracting means (for example, an iris code generating section) 56 are connected to the output side of the CCD image pickup section 43. . The monitor 55
For example, it is a display device using a liquid crystal display (hereinafter, referred to as “LCD”). The iris code generation unit 56 has a function of extracting an iris portion from the image data IMG and generating an iris code IR which is a feature of the iris. The output side of the iris code generation unit 56 is a matching unit (for example, a matching unit) 5 that matches the iris code IR of the identification target 10 with the iris code IR registered in advance.
7 is connected to the input side. In addition, the matching unit 57 includes
A registration database 58 in which iris codes IR of persons to be identified are registered in advance is connected. And
The collation unit 58 outputs an identification result OUT indicating whether or not the identified person 10 is a registered specific person or who is a registered person in advance. .

This personal identification device is provided with a control unit 59 for controlling the operation of each unit, and a switch 59a for an operator who operates this device to instruct the start of identification processing. Among the components of this personal identification device, the video camera 40, the laser light emitting unit 53, and the half mirror 5
The optical system such as 4 is disposed on the pedestal 60 as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B in order to catch the eyes 11 of the person to be identified 10 existing in a certain range. . FIG. 4 (a),
(B) is a layout view showing an example of a mounting state of the pedestal 60 and an optical system such as the video camera 20 in FIG. 1 arranged on the pedestal 60, and (a) of FIG. (b) is a front view. The pedestal 60 has a pedestal 61 for mounting the video camera 20 and the like, a leg 62 supporting the pedestal 61, and a direction adjusting lever 63. By operating the direction adjusting lever 63, the base 61 can be rotated at an angle within a certain range around the vertical axis VA, and can be tilted at an angle within a certain range from the horizontal plane HP. Has become.

The video camera 40 is fixed on the surface of the base 61 so that the optical axis AX of the zoom lens 41 is parallel to the surface of the base 61. The laser emitting section 53 is fixed such that the optical axis BX of the laser beam LZ intersects the optical axis BX at a substantially right angle. A half mirror 54 is fixed at the intersection of the optical axis BX of the laser light LZ and the optical axis AX of the zoom lens 41,
The optical axis BX of the laser beam LZ reflected by the half mirror 54 matches the optical axis AX of the zoom lens 41. On the zoom lens 41, a low-magnification subscope 44 is provided.
It is fixed so as to be parallel to X. Next, an operation method and an operation of the personal identification device of FIGS. 1 and 4 will be described.
First, an operator (not shown) operates the subscope 4 shown in FIG.
4 and the direction adjustment lever 63 is grasped.
Is operated to roughly adjust the direction of the video camera 40 so that the eye 11 of the identified person 10 is located at the center of the field of view of the subscope 44.

After the rough direction adjustment is completed, the operator further operates the direction adjustment lever 63 while watching the screen of the monitor 55 shown in FIG. Video camera 40 to come to the center
Continue fine-tuning in the direction. The operator operates the identified person 10
After catching the eye 11 at the center of the screen of the monitor 55, the user operates the zoom adjustment switch 45 so that the size of the eye 11 displayed on the screen of the monitor 55 becomes a predetermined size. Adjust the zoom. After the zoom adjustment is completed, the operator presses the switch 59a to start the identification processing. When the switch 59a is pressed, an activation signal for the distance calculation unit 51 is output from the control unit 59. The distance calculating section 51 calculates the distance between the eye 11 and the video camera 40 based on the position signal PS from the zoom mechanism section 42, and outputs the distance signal DS to the laser light control section 52. In the laser light control unit 52, an intensity signal IS is calculated based on the distance signal DS.
Given to. The intensity signal I
A laser beam LZ having an intensity corresponding to S is output, and this laser beam LZ is reflected by the half mirror 54, and
The zero eye 11 is illuminated. Eye 1 irradiated with laser light LZ
1 reflects the laser light LZ, and the reflected laser light LZ passes through the half mirror 54 and focuses on the CCD imaging unit 43 of the video camera 40.

Image data IMG is output to the output side of the CCD image pickup section 43, and the image data IMG is supplied to an iris code generation section 56. The iris code generation unit 56 extracts an iris portion from the image data IMG, generates an iris code IR that is a feature of the iris, and outputs the iris code IR to the matching unit 57. By the collating unit 57,
A registration database 58 in which an iris code IR of a person to be identified is registered in advance;
6 are compared with each other, and a signal OUT indicating an identification result indicating whether the identified person 10 is a registered specific person or who is a registered person is output. You. As described above, the personal identification device of FIG. 1 has the following advantages (i) to (vii).

(I) The video camera 40 and the laser emitting section 53 are fixed to the pedestal 60, and the optical axis AX of the video camera 40 and the optical axis BX of the laser beam LZ are made to coincide with each other using the half mirror 54. The direction is adjusted. Thus, since the irradiation direction of the laser beam LZ always coincides with the shooting direction of the video camera 40, the eyes 11 of the identification target 10 can be reliably illuminated regardless of the distance or the direction. (Ii) wavelengths that are invisible to the human eye (for example, infrared)
When the laser beam LZ is used, the eye 11 can be photographed without being detected by the identification target 10. (Iii) Since the laser beam LZ is used, the beam of the light beam can be sharpened, and the power for illumination can be reduced. (Iv) Eye 11 of identified person 10 using laser beam LZ
Is illuminated along the optical axis AX of the video camera 40, so that there is no influence of reflection other than the illumination light on the surface of the eyeball, and the iris 12 can be clearly captured by the video camera 40. (V) Since the CCD imaging unit 43 is used, high sensitivity can be obtained, and the eyes 11 of the identification target 10 can be captured even in a place where the illuminance is relatively low. (Vi) Since the image data IMG of the video camera 40 is displayed using the monitor 55, the image data IMG
The MG can be easily confirmed. (Vii) Since the sub-scope 44 has a short focal length and can capture a wide range, rough direction adjustment can be easily performed.

Second Embodiment FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a personal identification device showing a second embodiment of the present invention. Elements common to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by common reference numerals. ing. The personal identification device shown in FIG.
A video camera 71 as shown below is added to the personal identification device of FIG.
The configuration is such that a monitor 72, a position detection unit 73, a mirror control unit 74, and a mirror 75 are added. The video camera 71 captures the upper body of the person to be identified 10 existing in a certain range, and outputs the image as image data IMD. The video camera 71 has a lens and a CCD imaging unit almost in the same manner as the video camera 40. I have. A zoom lens and a zoom mechanism are not particularly required, but if provided, the direction can be easily adjusted. An output side of the video camera 71 is a monitor 72 using an LCD for displaying image data IMD on a screen.
And the input side of the position detecting unit 73. The position detection unit 73 has a function of extracting the eyes 11 of the identified person 10 from the image data IMD, and generating and outputting position information POS for specifying the positions of the eyes 11 on the screen of the image data IMD. . The output side of the position detecting section 73 is connected to the input side of the mirror control section 74 of the optical path changing section (for example, the mirror control section 74 and the mirror 75).
The mirror controller 74 changes the angle of the optical path of the reflected light reflected from the eye 11 of the person to be identified 10 by the irradiation of the laser light LZ, and guides the mirror 7 toward the video camera 40.
5 is controlled. That is, by changing the optical path changing angle of the reflected light based on the position information POS, the eye 11 is moved to the image data IMG of the video camera 40.
Has the function of being positioned at the center of the screen. Other configurations are the same as those of the personal identification device of FIG.

In the personal identification device configured as described above, an operator (not shown) first operates the video camera 71.
4 while operating the direction adjustment lever 63 shown in FIG. 4 while watching the screen of the monitor 72 so that the upper body of the identified person 10 is positioned at the center of the visual field of the video camera 71. Make adjustments. When the direction adjustment is completed,
Image data IMD output from the video camera 71
Is processed by the position detection unit 73 by extracting the boundary between the white part and the black part of the image data IMD and identifying the eye 11 from the shape of the boundary line, as described in, for example, the document 3. Then, position information POS for specifying the position of the eye 11 on the screen is generated. The position information POS is
The mirror control unit 74 controls the reflection angle of the mirror 75, and
The eye 11 of 0 is the image data IMG of the video camera 40
The optical path changing angle is adjusted to be located at the center of the screen. Then, the eye 11 of the identified person 10 is displayed at the center of the screen of the monitor 55.

Next, the operator operates the zoom adjustment switch 45 to adjust the zoom so that the size of the eye 11 displayed on the screen of the monitor 55 becomes a predetermined size. After the zoom adjustment is completed, the operator presses the switch 59a. The subsequent operation of the identification process in the personal identification device is the same as that of the personal identification device in FIG. As described above, the personal identification device in FIG. 5 extracts the position of the eye 11 from the image data IMD of the upper body of the person to be identified 10 so that the eye 11 becomes the center of the image data IMG of the video camera 40. A video camera 71, a position detection unit 73,
It has a mirror control unit 74 and a mirror 75. Therefore, in addition to the advantages (i) to (vii) of the personal identification device of FIG. 1, there is an advantage that the operator can easily and easily catch the eyes 11 of the identification target 10.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, there are the following modifications (a) to (g). (A) Not only the laser beam LZ but also a normal light beam can be used. (B) Laser light LZ output from laser emitting section 53
However, the half mirror 54 need not be used as long as the half mirror 54 is arranged so as to irradiate the eyes 11 of the identification target 10 existing in a certain range. (C) Position signal PS output from zoom mechanism section 42
May be, for example, a pulse signal given to a stepping motor that drives the zoom mechanism section 42. In that case, the distance calculation unit 51 can calculate the distance by counting the pulse signals. (D) The monitors 55 and 72 are display devices using LCDs, but are not limited to LCDs.
A display device using T) or the like may be used. (E) In the video cameras 40 and 71, the CCD imaging unit 4
Although 3 and the like are used, the invention is not limited to the CCD, and other imaging devices can be used. (F) The optical path changing unit includes the mirror control unit 74 and the mirror 7
5, the optical path changing angle may be controlled using a prism or the like. (G) The operator adjusts the zoom of the video camera 40. An image processing unit for determining whether the size of the eye 11 in the image data IMG is larger or smaller than a certain value is added. The zoom mechanism 42 may be controlled according to the determination result obtained by the image processing unit. This further simplifies the operation of the operator.

[0024]

As described above in detail, according to the first aspect, the distance calculating section for calculating the distance between the video camera and the person to be identified in conjunction with the zoom mechanism of the video camera. And an illumination unit for irradiating a light beam having an intensity corresponding to the calculated processing signal to the eyes of the identified person. For this reason,
An individual can be identified by photographing the iris of the identified person from a remote position without being aware of the identified person . According to the second aspect , by using the half mirror, it is possible to irradiate a light beam to the eye of the discriminated person from the same direction as the optical axis of the video camera. For this reason, the influence of reflection on the eyeball surface by light other than the illumination light is eliminated, and the iris can be more clearly captured by the video camera. According to the third aspect , since laser light is used as the light beam, the beam of the light beam can be sharpened, and the power for illumination can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a personal identification device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an iris.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional personal identification device.

FIG. 4 is a layout diagram showing a mounting example of the optical system in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a personal identification device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 Identified person 11 Eye 12 Iris 40, 71 Video camera 41 Zoom lens 42 Zoom mechanism unit 43 CCD imaging unit 51 Distance calculation unit 52 Laser light control unit 53 Laser light emission unit 54 Half mirror 55, 72 Monitor 56 Iris code generation unit 57 Collation unit 58 registration database 73 position detection unit 74 mirror control unit 75 mirror DS distance signal IMG, IMD image data IR iris code POS position information

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A photographing means for irradiating light to an eye of the discriminated person to photograph an iris of the discriminated person to generate image data of the iris; and a feature of the iris of the discriminated person based on the image data. And a feature extraction unit for generating an iris code by comparing the iris code with iris data of a registered person to determine whether or not the identified person is the registered person In a personal identification device including a collation unit, the imaging unit, the eye of the identified person present in a certain range, illuminating unit that irradiates a light beam of intensity according to the distance signal, A video camera that has a zoom lens with a focal length that captures the eyes of the identified person in full size and a zoom mechanism for adjusting the focal length of the zoom lens, and outputs image data of an image obtained at the focal point; Image data Personal identification, characterized in that it comprises a display unit for displaying, in conjunction with the zoom mechanism to calculate the distance between the video camera and the identification target person, and a distance calculation unit configured to generate the distance signal, apparatus. 2. The personal identification device according to claim 1,
The photographing means includes the identified person and the video camera.
Light that is arranged on the optical axis connecting
By passing or reflecting the line, the light beam is
It is characterized by having a half mirror for irradiating another person's eyes
Personal identification device. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the light beam is a laser beam.
The personal identification device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein