JP3358503B2 - Exhaust gas treatment method for waste melting furnace etc. - Google Patents
Exhaust gas treatment method for waste melting furnace etc.Info
- Publication number
- JP3358503B2 JP3358503B2 JP21762097A JP21762097A JP3358503B2 JP 3358503 B2 JP3358503 B2 JP 3358503B2 JP 21762097 A JP21762097 A JP 21762097A JP 21762097 A JP21762097 A JP 21762097A JP 3358503 B2 JP3358503 B2 JP 3358503B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- melting furnace
- dust
- exhaust gas
- gas treatment
- metal salts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、廃棄物あるいは
焼却灰、乾留残渣の溶融炉の飛散ダストの処埋技術に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for embedding waste, incinerated ash, and residue from dry distillation in a melting furnace.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】廃棄物ないしは焼却灰、乾留残渣の溶融
炉は廃棄物の不燃分や焼却灰を高温に加熱することによ
り溶融し、スラグとして取り出す装置である。前記溶融
炉は、溶融処理を行うに当たり燃焼空気を送風する場合
には燃焼排ガスおよび生成ガスに伴い廃棄物中の不燃物
や炭素がダストとして飛散する。また、電気を利用する
溶融炉においても溶融処理を行う際に生成するガスに伴
い焼却灰などがダストとして飛散する。2. Description of the Related Art A melting furnace for waste, incinerated ash, and carbonized residue is a device that melts non-combustible waste and incinerated ash by heating them to a high temperature and takes out the slag. In the melting furnace, when the combustion air is blown to perform the melting process, incombustibles and carbon in the waste are scattered as dust along with the combustion exhaust gas and the generated gas. In addition, even in a melting furnace using electricity, incineration ash and the like are scattered as dust with the gas generated during the melting process.
【０００３】図１に示すように溶融炉から排出される可
燃性ガスを二次燃焼室で燃焼し、ボイラで熱を回収した
後バグフィルターで除塵する方法もある。この場合は二
次燃焼室およびボイラより排出される飛灰は溶融炉に戻
され、バグフィルターから排出される飛灰は廃棄され
る。As shown in FIG. 1, there is also a method in which combustible gas discharged from a melting furnace is burned in a secondary combustion chamber, heat is recovered by a boiler, and then dust is removed by a bag filter. In this case, fly ash discharged from the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler is returned to the melting furnace, and fly ash discharged from the bag filter is discarded.
【０００４】溶融炉からはＨＣＩなどの有害ガスが大量
に発生するためこれらの有害ガスも除去する必要があ
り、除去のために消石灰を噴霧する。しかし、除塵器が
１段しかないと消石灰や折角除塵した塩素なども溶融炉
に吹き込む必要があるため、図２に示すようにバグフィ
ル夕一を２器連続して設置し、上流側で捕集したダスト
を溶融炉に戻し、１段目と２段目の間で消石灰を噴霧す
ることにより有害ガスの除去を行い溶融炉から飛散する
ダストのみ溶融炉に戻す方法などがある。Since a large amount of harmful gases such as HCI are generated from a melting furnace, it is necessary to remove these harmful gases, and slaked lime is sprayed for removal. However, if there is only one stage of dust remover, slaked lime and chlorine that has been dedusted must also be blown into the melting furnace. Therefore, two bagfills are installed in succession as shown in Fig. 2 and collected upstream. There is a method of returning the collected dust to the melting furnace, removing harmful gas by spraying slaked lime between the first stage and the second stage, and returning only dust scattered from the melting furnace to the melting furnace.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】溶融炉は高温で処埋を
行うことからＫＣｌ、ＮａＣｌなどの低沸点金属塩や重
金属類が非常に飛散し易い。このため溶融炉に投入され
た低沸点金属塩や重金属類は大半が飛散ダストとなり溶
融スラグ側に固化されにくい。Since the melting furnace is buried at a high temperature, low-boiling metal salts such as KCl and NaCl and heavy metals are easily scattered. For this reason, most of the low-boiling metal salts and heavy metals introduced into the melting furnace become scattered dust and are hardly solidified on the molten slag side.
【０００６】このため前記のような方法で一律に飛散ダ
ストを捕集し溶融炉に戻すと、低沸点金属塩や重金属類
が濃縮されるため、煙道の各所で融着し煙道を閉塞した
りするという問題が生じる。このため、飛散ダストを多
く溶融炉に戻すことが困難であった。[0006] For this reason, if the scattered dust is uniformly collected and returned to the melting furnace by the above-described method, the low-boiling metal salts and heavy metals are concentrated, so that they are fused at various points in the flue and block the flue. Problem. For this reason, it was difficult to return a large amount of scattered dust to the melting furnace.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係る排ガス処理
方法は、廃棄物あるいは焼却灰、乾留残渣をガス化し、
還元雰囲気で不燃分を溶融するガラス化溶融炉の排ガス
処理装置において、排出されるガスの処理ラインの上流
側にサイクロンを下流側にバグフィルタを設置し、サイ
クロンにおいて粒子径が１μｍ以上で溶融炉からガスに
伴われ飛散した固形物を含み低沸点金属塩や重金属類が
少ない飛散ダストを捕集し、その飛散ダストの一部ない
しは全量を溶融炉に戻し、バグフィルタにおいて溶融炉
で気化した低沸点金属塩や重金属類が冷却されて生じた
粒子を多く含む飛散ダストを捕集し、その飛散ダストの
全量を重金属溶出処理し廃棄することを特徴とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Exhaust gas treatment according to the present invention
The method is to gasify waste, incinerated ash, and carbonized residue,
Exhaust gas from a vitrification furnace that melts incombustibles in a reducing atmosphere
In the processing equipment, upstream of the processing line for the exhaust gas
Install a cyclone on the downstream side and a bag filter on the downstream side.
When the particle size is 1μm or more in Klon
Low boiling metal salts and heavy metals, including entrained and scattered solids
Collects little scattered dust, and there is no part of that scattered dust
Return the entire amount to the melting furnace and place it in the bag filter.
Generated by cooling low boiling metal salts and heavy metals vaporized in
Collects scattered dust containing many particles and collects the scattered dust.
The whole quantity is characterized by heavy metal elution and discarded.
【０００８】ここで、捕集できる粒子径とは５０％以上
捕集できる粒子の径を示す。そして、上流側のダスト捕
集装置としてのサイクロンで捕集される飛散ダストの粒
子径を１μｍ以上とする。Here, the particle size that can be collected refers to the size of particles that can be collected by 50% or more. The particle size of the scattered dust collected by the cyclone as the dust collecting device on the upstream side is set to 1 μm or more.
【０００９】また、上流側のサイクロンで捕集される飛
散ダストの一部ないしは全量を溶融炉に戻し、下流側の
バグフィルタで捕集されるダストの全量を廃棄し、溶融
炉に戻さないようにする。本発明は次のような知見に基
づいてなされたものである。Further, part or all of the scattered dust collected by the cyclone on the upstream side is returned to the melting furnace, and
Discard and melt all dust collected by the bag filter
Do not return to furnace . The present invention has been made based on the following findings.
【００１０】溶融炉から排出されるダストの粒径分布は
図３に示すように２つのピーク値を持つ。粒子径の小さ
い方のダストには低沸点金属塩や重金属粒子径の大きな
粒子に比べ多く含まれている。The particle size distribution of the dust discharged from the melting furnace has two peak values as shown in FIG. Dust having a smaller particle size contains a larger amount than low-boiling metal salts and particles having a large metal particle size.
【００１１】これは、溶融炉が高温のため低沸点金属塩
や重金属類は気化するが、冷却過程で温度が沸点以下と
なると粒子になるので粒子径が非常に小さい物が多くな
る。一方、溶融炉からガスに伴われ飛散する固形物の粒
径分布は、終末速度の関係から低沸点金属塩などの粒子
に比べ大きい粒子でも飛散できるため相対的に大きな粒
径の物が多くなっている。[0011] The low melting point metal salts and heavy metals are vaporized due to the high temperature of the melting furnace, but when the temperature falls below the boiling point in the cooling process, the particles become particles, so that the number of particles having a very small particle diameter increases. On the other hand, the particle size distribution of the solids scattered by the gas from the melting furnace is relatively large due to the terminal velocity because even particles larger than particles such as low-boiling metal salts can be scattered. ing.
【００１２】そこで、本発明は前記課題を解決するため
に、低沸点金属塩や重金属類が少ない粒子を選別し溶融
炉に戻すようにするため、図４に示すように溶融炉から
排出される排ガスの処理ライン上に飛散ダストの捕集装
置を２器設置し、例えば上流側のダスト捕集装置にサイ
クロンを用い、下流側のダスト捕集装置にバグフィルタ
を用い、捕集できる粒子の径を下流側よりも大きくす
る。Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention sorts particles having a low boiling point and a small amount of heavy metals and returns the particles to the melting furnace, so that the particles are discharged from the melting furnace as shown in FIG. Two scattered dust collecting devices are installed on the exhaust gas processing line. For example, a cyclone is used for the upstream dust collecting device, and a bag filter is used for the downstream dust collecting device. Is larger than the downstream side.
【００１３】そして、上流側のダスト捕集装置（サイク
ロン）で捕集された飛散ダストの一部ないしは全量を溶
融炉に戻し、下流側で捕集されるダストの全量を廃棄す
る。この場合、特に上流側のダスト捕集装置（サイクロ
ン）が捕集できるダストの粒子径を１μｍ以上とし、ガ
スに伴われて飛散した固形物を多く含み低沸点金属塩や
重金属類が少ない飛散ダストを上流側で捕集する一方
で、下流側のダスト捕集装置（バグフィルタ）では溶融
炉で気化した低沸点金属塩や重金属類が冷却されて生じ
た粒子を多く含む飛散ダストを捕集し、その全量を廃棄
する。 [0013] Then, an upstream dust collecting device (cycle)
Part or all of the scattered dust collected in ( r) is returned to the melting furnace, and the entire amount of dust collected downstream is discarded. In this case, the dust collection device (cyclo
The particle size of the dust emission) can be collected with more 1 [mu] m, moth
Low-boiling metal salts containing a lot of solids
While collecting scattering dust with less heavy metals on the upstream side
In the downstream dust collecting device (bag filter), melting
Low-boiling metal salts and heavy metals vaporized in the furnace
Collects scattered dust that contains many particles and discards the entire amount
I do.
【００１４】このように低沸点金属塩や重金属類を多量
に含む捕集ダストを溶融炉に戻すことなく、その全量を
廃棄することにより、溶融炉に戻す飛散ダスト中の低沸
点金属塩や重金属を容易に減量することができ、結果と
して煙道の閉塞や、溶融炉内でのクリンカー付着による
溶融炉内の閉塞などの問題が生じにくくなる。よって、
溶融炉に戻す飛灰の量を多くすることが可能となる。As described above , a large amount of low boiling metal salts and heavy metals are used.
Without returning the collected dust contained in the furnace to the melting furnace,
By discarding , low-boiling metal salts and heavy metals in the scattered dust returned to the melting furnace can be easily reduced, resulting in clogging of the flue and clogging in the melting furnace due to clinker adhesion in the melting furnace. Problem is less likely to occur. Therefore,
It is possible to increase the amount of fly ash returned to the melting furnace.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の実施の形態の一例
について、図５により説明する。本発明による飛散ダス
トの処埋方法を実施するために、溶融炉には上部流動式
廃棄物ガス化溶融炉１を用いた。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In order to carry out the method for embedding scattered dust according to the present invention, an upper fluidized waste gasification / melting furnace 1 was used as a melting furnace.
【００１６】ガス化溶融炉はシャフト型の炉で、炉の下
部は装入される廃棄物と副資材から成る堆積層を蓄える
シャフト部１ａがあり、上部には発生したガスを高温に
しガス性状を改質するための大きな空間部分１ｂを有し
ている。The gasification and melting furnace is a shaft type furnace. The lower part of the furnace has a shaft part 1a for storing a deposited layer composed of waste and auxiliary materials to be charged, and the upper part has a high temperature to generate gas to increase gas properties. Has a large space portion 1b for reforming.
【００１７】また、装入された廃棄物を乾燥、熱分解、
燃焼、溶融するため複数段（通常三段）の送風口（羽
口）を持つ。なお、廃棄物を溶融するための副資材とし
てコークス、石灰石を使用している。炉底部付近に設置
された主羽口は酸素を付加することにより炉内で２００
０℃以上で強い還元雰囲気の高温溶融域を形成し廃棄物
の不燃分を溶融する。このため低沸点金属塩や重金属類
の大半は気化しガスとともに炉外に排出され、冷却され
て粒子となり、ダストに混入して下流側のバグフィルタ
により捕集され、その全量が廃棄される。中段に設置さ
れた羽口（副羽口）は蒸気を付加した空気を送風し、堆
積層を流動させながら廃棄物を乾燥、熱分解する。上段
に設置された廃棄物は生成ガスを燃焼しガス温度を１０
００℃程度に保つことによりダイオキシンの生成を抑制
する。Further, the charged waste is dried, thermally decomposed,
It has a multistage (usually three-stage) air outlet (tuyere) for burning and melting. Coke and limestone are used as auxiliary materials for melting the waste. The main tuyere installed near the bottom of the furnace is heated in the furnace by adding oxygen.
At 0 ° C. or higher, a high-temperature melting zone in a strong reducing atmosphere is formed to melt the incombustible components of waste. For this reason, most of the low-boiling metal salts and heavy metals are discharged out of the furnace together with the vaporized gas and cooled.
To become particles, mixed with dust and downstream bag filter
And the entire amount is discarded . The tuyere (sub tuyere) installed in the middle stage blows air to which steam is added to dry and thermally decompose waste while flowing the sedimentary layer. The waste installed in the upper stage burns the generated gas and reduces the gas temperature to 10
By maintaining the temperature at about 00 ° C., generation of dioxin is suppressed.
【００１８】溶融炉１から排出された可燃性ガスは二次
燃焼室２で燃焼された後ガスクーラー３で排ガスの温度
を下げた。ガスクーラー３を出たガスは、サイクロン４
により１μｍ以上のダストを除去した。ここで捕集され
たダストは成型器で固化された後溶融炉１に戻した。After the combustible gas discharged from the melting furnace 1 is burned in the secondary combustion chamber 2, the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered by the gas cooler 3. The gas leaving gas cooler 3 is cyclone 4
To remove dust of 1 μm or more. The dust collected here was returned to the melting furnace 1 after being solidified by a molding machine.
【００１９】サイクロン４から排出されたガスに有害ガ
ス除去のため消石灰を吹き込んだのち下流側のバグフィ
ルタ５で除塵した。バグフィルタ５で除塵したダストは
全量重金属溶出処理を行った後に溶融炉１に戻すことな
く全量を廃棄した。Slaked lime was blown into the gas discharged from the cyclone 4 to remove harmful gas, and then dust was removed by the bag filter 5 on the downstream side . The dust removed by the bag filter 5 must not be returned to the melting furnace 1 after performing the heavy metal elution treatment.
The entire amount was discarded.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】本発明により、飛散ダストを溶融炉に戻
した場合に生じる重金属や低沸点金属塩の濃縮が、図６
に示すように、本方式を用いなかった場合に比べ低沸点
金属塩や重金属類の濃度の濃縮を半分程度に押さえるこ
とが可能となった。その結果、煙道の閉塞が生じ難くな
るとともに、溶融炉内でのクリンカー付着による溶融炉
内の閉塞も生じ難くなる。 According to the present invention, the concentration of heavy metals and low-boiling metal salts generated when the scattered dust is returned to the melting furnace is shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), the concentration of low-boiling metal salts and heavy metals can be reduced to about half as compared with the case where this method is not used. As a result, the flue is less likely to be blocked.
And the melting furnace by clinker adhesion in the melting furnace
Blockage of the inside is also less likely to occur.
【図１】従来の溶融炉等の排ガス処理方法の一例のフロ
ー図。FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an example of a conventional exhaust gas treatment method for a melting furnace or the like.
【図２】従来の溶融炉等の排ガス処理方法の他の例のフ
ロー図。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another example of a conventional exhaust gas treatment method for a melting furnace or the like.
【図３】排ガス中のダスト粒子径と重量割合と関係を示
す説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a dust particle diameter in an exhaust gas and a weight ratio.
【図４】本発明の溶融炉の排ガス処理方法を実施するた
めの装置構成の一例の説明図。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an example of an apparatus configuration for carrying out the exhaust gas treatment method for a melting furnace according to the present invention.
【図５】本発明の溶融炉の排ガス処理方法を実施するた
めの装置の一実施例の説明図。FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method for treating exhaust gas of a melting furnace according to the present invention.
【図６】有害物質の濃縮濃度を従来と対比して示す説明
図。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the concentration of harmful substances in comparison with the conventional concentration.
１…廃棄物ガス化溶融炉、４…上流側ダスト捕集装置
（サイクロン），５…下流側ダスト捕集装置（バグフィ
ルタ）。1 ... waste gasification and melting furnace, 4 ... upstream dust collecting device (cyclone), 5 ... downstream dust collecting device (bag filter).
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ＺＡＢ Ｆ２３Ｇ 5/00 ＺＡＢ Ｆ２３Ｇ 5/00 １１５ Ｆ２３Ｊ 1/00 Ｂ ＺＡＢ Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ＺＡＢ Ｆ２３Ｊ 1/00 ３０３Ｌ (72)発明者 須藤 雅弘 東京都千代田区丸の内一丁目１番２号 日本鋼管株式会社内 (72)発明者 山川 裕一 東京都千代田区丸の内一丁目１番２号 日本鋼管株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 康夫 東京都千代田区丸の内一丁目１番２号 日本鋼管株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平８−187413（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−57440（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭55−73313（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B01D 46/02 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI B09B 3/00 ZAB F23G 5/00 ZAB F23G 5/00 115 F23J 1/00 B ZAB B09B 3/00 ZAB F23J 1/00 303L ( 72) Inventor Masahiro Sudo 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuichi Yamakawa 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Yasuo Suzuki 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-8-187413 (JP, A) JP-A-8-57440 (JP, A) JP-A 55- 73313 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B01D 46/02
Claims (1)
化し、還元雰囲気で不燃分を溶融するガラス化溶融炉の
排ガス処理装置において、排出されるガスの処理ライン
の上流側にサイクロンを下流側にバグフィルタを設置
し、サイクロンにおいて粒子径が１μｍ以上で溶融炉か
らガスに伴われ飛散した固形物を含み低沸点金属塩や重
金属類が少ない飛散ダストを捕集し、その飛散ダストの
一部ないしは全量を溶融炉に戻し、バグフィルタにおい
て溶融炉で気化した低沸点金属塩や重金属類が冷却され
て生じた粒子を多く含む飛散ダストを捕集し、その飛散
ダストの全量を重金属溶出処理し廃棄することを特徴と
する排ガス処理方法。Claims 1. Waste, incinerated ash, and carbonized residue are converted to gas.
A gas treatment line for exhaust gas in an exhaust gas treatment device of a vitrification furnace that converts non-combustible components in a reducing atmosphere
A cyclone is installed upstream and a bag filter is installed downstream
In a cyclone with a particle size of 1 μm or more,
Including low-boiling metal salts and heavy
Collects scattered dust with little metal and removes the scattered dust.
Return part or all to the melting furnace,
Low-boiling metal salts and heavy metals vaporized in the melting furnace
Scattered dust containing many particles generated by
An exhaust gas treatment method, wherein a total amount of dust is subjected to elution treatment with heavy metals and discarded .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21762097A JP3358503B2 (en) | 1997-08-12 | 1997-08-12 | Exhaust gas treatment method for waste melting furnace etc. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21762097A JP3358503B2 (en) | 1997-08-12 | 1997-08-12 | Exhaust gas treatment method for waste melting furnace etc. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1157362A JPH1157362A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
| JP3358503B2 true JP3358503B2 (en) | 2002-12-24 |
Family
ID=16707156
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21762097A Expired - Lifetime JP3358503B2 (en) | 1997-08-12 | 1997-08-12 | Exhaust gas treatment method for waste melting furnace etc. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3358503B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102489100A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-06-13 | 铜陵康达铝合金制品有限责任公司 | Waste gas spray tower of melting furnace |
| CN109489436B (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2020-08-14 | 辽宁环宇环保科技股份有限公司 | Dust removal method and system for dead burning or medium-grade magnesia kiln |
| CN107970763A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-01 | 安徽省恒伟铋业有限公司 | A kind of collection system of metal smelt flue dust |
-
1997
- 1997-08-12 JP JP21762097A patent/JP3358503B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1157362A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
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