JP3350321B2 - Hypersonic wind tunnel nozzle changer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hypersonic wind tunnel nozzle exchange apparatus used for obtaining aerodynamic experimental data of a flying object such as a rocket in a hypersonic range.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to conduct various aerodynamic experiments in a supersonic region where the flow velocity of an air flow at a certain point is higher than the sonic velocity and the Mach number which is the ratio of the flow velocity to the sonic velocity is larger than 1. A supersonic wind tunnel is used. Prior art related to the supersonic wind tunnel is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-94569. This prior art proposes a technique for improving the efficiency of a measurement chamber for performing aerodynamic measurement.

The collection of aerodynamic experiment data for a rocket or the like flying in the hypersonic range where the Mach number is 5 or more is performed by a hypersonic wind tunnel as shown in FIG. The configuration of this hypersonic wind tunnel is shown in a partially simplified manner in FIG. 6 on page 42 of the Aerospace Laboratory Report No. 116. The airflow in the hypersonic region is generated when high-pressure air introduced into the rectifying cylinder 1 passes through the nozzle 2. A measurement chamber 3 is provided downstream of the nozzle 2 to perform an aerodynamic experiment. The Mach number of the generated air flow is
It is determined by the shape of the nozzle 2. A throat portion having a minimum sectional area is formed in the nozzle 2. When the pressure ratio between the upstream side and the downstream side is within a certain range, the air passing through the throat becomes a critical flow, and the Mach number is 1. As the air decompresses and expands downstream of the throat, the Mach number of the air increases, and an airflow in the hypersonic region is obtained.

In order to switch to a different Mach number, it is necessary to replace the nozzle 2 with replacement nozzles 21, 22, 23. For example, when the nozzle 2 is for Mach 5, and the replacement nozzles 21, 22, and 23 are for Mach 7, 9, and 11, respectively, the nozzles are replaced as necessary for the Mach number.

FIG. 5 shows a report of the Aerospace Technology Research Institute, No. 116.
24 shows the shapes of the nozzle 2 and the replacement nozzle 21 based on FIG. FIG. 5A shows the configuration of the nozzle 2 for Mach 5, and FIG. 5B shows the configuration of the replacement nozzle 21 for Mach 7. The throat 25 is formed closer to the upstream side, and the cross-sectional area increases on the downstream side.

[0006]

When a test is performed in a hypersonic wind tunnel with a different Mach number as shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle 2 needs to be replaced. The length of the nozzle as shown in FIG. 5 is, for example, about 3 m, and the inner diameter on the downstream side is about 50 cm.
There is a degree. In order to replace such a large-sized nozzle, it is necessary for a plurality of persons to carefully work. Rectifying cylinder 1,
Since the connection between the nozzle 2 and the measurement chamber 3 is tightly sealed, it is necessary to release the hermetically sealed state prior to nozzle replacement, and to perform centering and airtight sealing after nozzle replacement. There is. For this reason, the nozzle replacement of the hypersonic wind tunnel is performed as follows.

The exchange nozzles 21, 22, and 23 are stored in one corner of the wind tunnel chamber, and the movement to the vicinity of the measurement chamber 3 is performed by using a transport cart or the like.

To replace the nozzle 2, first remove the rectifying cylinder 1 and the flange fastening bolt on the upstream side of the nozzle 2, and remove the rectifying cylinder 1.
After moving the nozzle 2, the nozzle 2 is extracted from the measurement chamber 3 and is carried out on a carrier. After that, the replacement nozzles 21 and
2 and 23 are transported to a predetermined position in the wind tunnel, and are inserted with the center line aligned with the measurement chamber 3.

The rectifying cylinder 1 that has been moved is installed at the original position, and each flange connection portion is tightened with a bolt.

A space for storing the replacement nozzles 21, 22, and 23 is required, and a transport space is also required. Therefore, a large amount of extra space is required, and the space utilization efficiency is poor.
It takes time to disassemble, transport, center, and assemble the nozzle, and requires specialized skills.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hypersonic wind tunnel nozzle exchanging apparatus which requires a small space and can easily and quickly exchange nozzles.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a nozzle exchange device provided between a straightening tube of a hypersonic wind tunnel and a measurement chamber, wherein a plurality of nozzles for different Mach numbers are provided on the downstream side of the measurement chamber. The nozzle holding means and the nozzle holding means for holding the axis parallel to the center line of the hypersonic wind tunnel in a state where the nozzle axis is parallel to the center line of the hypersonic wind tunnel. While maintaining a certain state, displacing in the direction perpendicular to the axis line to selectively connect the upstream side of any one of the nozzles to the outlet side of the rectifying cylinder; and the nozzles held by the nozzle holding means. A sealing means for hermetically sealing the portion to be inserted into the measurement chamber, and an airtight connection between the upstream side of the nozzle and the outlet side of the rectifying cylinder, and a connection state when the nozzle holding means is displaced by the nozzle replacement means. Connection means to mitigate Preparative a nozzle changing device hypersonic wind tunnel characterized by. According to the invention, the nozzles for a plurality of different Mach numbers are:
The axis is held by the nozzle holding means so that the axis is parallel to the center line of the hypersonic wind tunnel, and it is not necessary to secure a storage space for storage and transport. The sealing means hermetically seals the insertion portion of each nozzle held by the nozzle holding means into the measurement chamber, and the connecting means hermetically connects the upstream side of the nozzle and the outlet side of the rectifying cylinder. The sealing and positioning after the nozzle replacement is simplified, and the replacement can be performed quickly and in a short time.

Further, the nozzle holding means of the present invention holds a plurality of nozzles arranged in a circumferential direction, and the nozzle replacement means includes a nozzle holding means for rotating the nozzle holding means with a rotation axis parallel to the center line of the hypersonic wind tunnel. By angular displacement around,
It is characterized in that the nozzle is replaced. According to the present invention, since the nozzle replacement unit performs nozzle replacement by angularly displacing the nozzle holding unit, the nozzle replacement can be performed with a small movement of the nozzle holding unit.

Further, the connection means of the present invention is characterized in that the connection means includes an actuator for displacing and driving the upstream side of the nozzle along the center line direction of the hypersonic wind tunnel. According to the present invention, the upstream side of the nozzle is displaced and driven by the actuator, and the connection state with the outlet side of the rectifying cylinder is performed by the displacement drive in the center line direction of the hypersonic wind tunnel,
Connections with the center lines aligned can be reliably performed.

Further, the sealing means of the present invention includes a whole sealing means for displacement in a direction perpendicular to the axis of each nozzle by the nozzle replacing means, and an individual sealing means for displacement in a direction parallel to the axial direction of each nozzle. Features. According to the present invention, sealing for the nozzle replacement by the nozzle replacement means is performed by the entire sealing means, and sealing for the axial expansion of each nozzle by the thermal expansion and the connecting means by the individual sealing means. Is performed. As a result, the hermetically sealed state between the measurement chamber and the nozzle is reliably maintained, the amount of work required at the time of nozzle replacement is reduced, and automation is facilitated.

[0016]

1 shows a schematic configuration of a hypersonic wind tunnel nozzle replacement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The facility configuration of the entire hypersonic wind tunnel is basically the same as the hypersonic wind tunnel facility shown in FIG. The nozzle replacement device 30 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of nozzles 3
2 are exchangeably arranged. The plurality of nozzles 32 are provided to generate hypersonic airflows having different Mach numbers. The nozzle 32 is mounted in a bundle as a nozzle bundle 33, and the nozzle 32 selected according to its angular displacement.
The three nozzles 32 are completed as a hypersonic wind tunnel in a state where the axis is aligned with the center line 34 of the flow regulating cylinder 31. The hypersonic airflow generated by the nozzle 32 is introduced into the measurement chamber 35 and discharged from the supersonic diffusion tube 36. Measurement room 35
Is provided with an access door 37 for entering and exiting, and an evacuation room 38 for evacuation of the internal experimental apparatus is provided below. In order to ensure the connection between the nozzle bundle 33 and the rectifying cylinder 31, a connection device 44 driven by hydraulic pressure is provided.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. In the evacuation room 38, the model support device 4
6 can be retracted by being retracted by the retracting cylinder 47. The evacuation room 38 is provided below the floor surface 48.

The plurality of nozzles 32 are held with their downstream portions inserted into the measurement chamber 35. An overall seal 49 is provided for overall sealing of the insert. The plurality of nozzles 32 are driven by a large-diameter driven gear 5 driven by a driving gear 51 mounted on an output shaft of a motor 50.
2 are individually inserted into a holding member 53 formed on the outer peripheral portion, and a bearing 54 is formed on the entire sealing portion 49 to support the driven gear 52 to rotate on the wall surface of the measurement chamber 35.
A sleeve 55 is placed over the portion where each nozzle 32 is inserted into the holding member 53, and the sliding displacement in the axial direction is hermetically sealed by a seal 56.

Each nozzle 32 is mounted on a rotating flange 57 and is angularly displaceable about its axis of rotation 58. The rotation axis 58 coincides with the rotation axis of the driven gear 52 and is parallel to the centerline 34 of the hypersonic wind tunnel.

The rectifying cylinder 31 is held by a frame 59, and can be displaced in the direction of the center line 34 by a slide mechanism 60. The mounting plate 61 abuts on the end face of the rotating flange 57, and the hydraulic cylinder 62 tightens the mounting plate 61 and the rotating flange 57. A ring-shaped packing is provided between the rotating flange 57 and the mounting plate 61 to ensure a hermetically sealed state. As a material of the packing, an O-ring such as silicon rubber or a metal ring can be used. A groove is formed in one of the rotating flange 57 and the mounting plate 61 to hold the packing in a state where the hydraulic cylinder 62 keeps a space between the rotating flange 57 and the mounting plate 61 so that the packing is stored. It is preferable to hold it. A cooling jacket 63 is formed on the outer periphery of the throat portion of the nozzle 32, and supplies cooling water from a water cooling pipe joint 64. The connection of the cooling water pipe to the water cooling pipe joint 64 is performed by angularly displacing the driven gear 52 by the motor 50 and also angularly displacing the rotary flange 57 in accordance with the angular displacement of the nozzle 32, and then connecting the water cooling pipe joint of the selected nozzle 32. 64 manually.

According to the nozzle exchanging apparatus 30 of this embodiment, when manually exchanging the nozzle of the hypersonic wind tunnel as shown in FIG. Perform in a short time. For example, if the control of the hydraulic cylinder 62 and the motor 50 is performed according to a control procedure set in advance in the sequence, the nozzle replacement operation can be performed only by turning on the control start switch. In addition, although the nozzle bundle 33 is configured to replace the nozzle 32 by an angular displacement, a configuration in which the nozzle 32 is replaced by a linear slide displacement is also possible.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, since a plurality of nozzles for Mach numbers are held by the nozzle holding means, the nozzles can be replaced by the nozzle replacing means. Can be easily performed, and the time required for the operation can be reduced.
Since a plurality of nozzles are used while being held by the nozzle holding means, no extra space is required for storage and transport.

Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of nozzles having different Mach numbers are held in a state of being arranged in the nozzle holding means in the circumferential direction, and the nozzle replacement means performs nozzle replacement by angularly displacing the nozzles. The exchange device can be configured in a small space, and the amount and time required for the exchange operation can be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, since the upstream side of the nozzle is displaced and driven by using the actuator, and the connection with the outlet side of the rectifying cylinder is performed, automation is facilitated, and the replacement work is simplified. The time required for connection can also be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, the seal at the time of nozzle replacement is performed by the whole sealing means, and the seal against the displacement of each nozzle in the axial direction due to the displacement drive by the connecting means and the thermal expansion is surely maintained by the individual sealing means. Therefore, the replacement can be simplified and the sealing can be surely performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a conventional hypersonic wind tunnel.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 30 Nozzle replacement device 31 Rectifier cylinder 32 Nozzle 33 Nozzle bundle 34 Center line 35 Measurement chamber 44 Connecting device 49 Overall seal 50 Motor 52 Follower gear 53 Holding member 54 Bearing 55 Sleeve 56 Seal 57 Rotating flange 58 Rotating axis 59 Frame 60 Slide mechanism 61 Mounting plate 62 Hydraulic cylinder

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01M 9/04

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A nozzle exchange device provided between a rectifying cylinder of a hypersonic wind tunnel and a measurement chamber, wherein a plurality of nozzles for different Mach numbers are inserted in a state in which a downstream side is inserted into the measurement chamber. The nozzle holding means and the nozzle holding means such that the nozzle axis is parallel to the center line of the hypersonic wind tunnel, while maintaining the state in which the axis of the nozzle is parallel to the center line of the hypersonic wind tunnel. Nozzle exchange means for selectively connecting the upstream side of any one of the nozzles to the outlet side of the rectifying cylinder by displacing the nozzle in a direction perpendicular to the nozzle, and an insertion portion of each nozzle held by the nozzle holding means into the measurement chamber. A sealing means for hermetically sealing the airtight connection between the upstream side of the nozzle and the outlet side of the rectifying cylinder,
A connection means for mitigating a connection state when the nozzle holding means is displaced by the nozzle replacement means. 2. The nozzle holding means holds a plurality of nozzles arranged in a circumferential direction, and the nozzle replacement means holds the nozzle holding means around a rotation axis parallel to a center line of a hypersonic wind tunnel. 2. The nozzle is replaced by angular displacement.
A nozzle replacement device for the hypersonic wind tunnel described. 3. The hypersonic wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the connecting means includes an actuator for driving the upstream side of the nozzle to be displaced along the center line direction of the hypersonic wind tunnel. Nozzle changing device. 4. The sealing means includes a total sealing means for displacement in a direction perpendicular to the axis of each nozzle by the nozzle replacing means, and an individual sealing means for displacement in a direction parallel to the axis of each nozzle. The nozzle replacement device for a hypersonic wind tunnel according to claim 1.