JP3348027B2 - Volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system for predicting a volcanic phreatic explosion. The present invention relates to a system for continuously monitoring the temperature and flow rate of a fluid ejected from the ground and estimating a sign of the phreatic explosion from a change in its physical quantity. The present invention relates to a steam explosion prediction system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The state of volcanic activity at that time can be estimated from the changes in chemical components such as volcanic gas and volcanic springs, etc., and the prediction of eruptions can be further advanced. Many geochemical researchers are examining whether this is the case.

[0003] Here, the steam explosion will be briefly described. A phreatic explosion is an explosive eruption caused by high-temperature, high-pressure steam, in which the ejecta consists of fragments of old mountain components and is free of new magma-derived material.
On the other hand, a phreatomagmatic explosion (also referred to as a phreatomagmatic explosion) is an explosive eruption that occurs when surface water or groundwater comes in contact with high-temperature magma, and the ejecta contains substances derived from new magma. The present invention makes it possible to predict a steam explosion as described above.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in order to investigate the transition of volcanic gas and volcanic spring water, etc.
In addition, measurement equipment must be brought to a danger zone that may not explode. In addition, since a continuous investigation is required, much time and effort are required. Further, for example, when building a road or a structure in an area where there is a danger of a volcanic phreatic explosion, many people will stay in the danger area.

[0005] In such a case, it is necessary to detect the signs of the explosion as soon as possible, and to take measures to evacuate and keep out of the area early. However, there has been a problem that it is difficult to continuously observe an underground state over a wide area.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem. The temperature and flow rate of the fluid ejected from the ground and the amount of heat derived therefrom are continuously monitored, and a steam explosion is detected based on a change in the physical quantity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a system capable of predicting the information.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system according to the present invention.
A well provided therein, physical quantity measuring means for measuring at least one physical quantity of an object ejected from the well, recording means for recording data of the physical quantity measured by the physical quantity measuring means, and at least one of the recorded data. And display means for displaying at least one of the recorded data and a predetermined value for the physical quantity. A warning is issued when the physical quantity exceeds a predetermined value. And the relevant thing in the well where the warning was issued
It is characterized in that it is configured to display trend data retroactively in the past .

[0008]

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system, a plurality of wells provided in a predetermined area, physical quantity measuring means for measuring a plurality of physical quantities of a fluid ejected from these wells, and the physical quantity measuring means Recording means for recording each of the values measured by the means, and an arithmetic operation for calculating an average value of the recorded data at predetermined time intervals, and comparing the latest average value with the immediately preceding average value to calculate the difference between them. Means, a warning is issued when at least one of the latest average value and a difference between the last average value and the latest average value exceeds a predetermined level, and the object of the well where the warning was issued is issued.
It is characterized in that it is configured to display trend data retroactively in the past .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system, a plurality of deep wells each having a unit of several hundred meters provided in a predetermined area and a plurality of shallow wells each having a unit of several tens meters provided in the same area are provided. A physical quantity measuring means for measuring a plurality of physical quantities of a fluid ejected from a deep well,
Physical quantity measuring means provided at the bottom of the shallow well, recording means for recording each of the values measured by these physical quantity measuring means, and calculating the average value of the recorded data every predetermined time and the latest average value A calculating means for calculating a difference between the immediately preceding average value and an alarm generated when at least one of the latest average value and a difference between the previous average value and the latest average value exceeds a predetermined level. A volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system characterized by the following.

According to a fourth aspect , in the volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system according to any one of the first to third aspects,
The volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the physical quantity is at least one of temperature, pressure, flow rate, and heat quantity. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system according to any one of the first to third aspects, the arithmetic means stores at least one of data, an arithmetic result, and an alarm recorded via a modem in at least one place. Characterized in that it has the function of transmitting to remote locations

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a well is provided in an area where there is a risk of volcanic phreatic explosion, which is a premise of the present invention. In the figure, a portion indicated by A shows the area that might human intrude or residence, a portion indicated by B represents the area that can undergo the damage if the vapor explosion has occurred.

The wells shown in (a) to (e) are, for example, wells having a diameter of 50 mm and a depth of about 100 to 500 m, and have a predetermined angle (for example, 40 to 70) with respect to a horizontal plane.
Degree): It is provided in the area A or the area B at an angle. Similarly, those shown in (a) to (e) are shallow wells having a depth of about several tens of meters provided in an area where area A may be damaged when a phreatic explosion occurs. For example, a thermometer is installed at the bottom.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a pretreatment means for fluid ejected from a well to be observed (measured) according to the present invention. Fluid ejected from well 1 is gate valve V1, V3, V
4, and is led to the separator 2. The fluid is separated into water vapor and liquid by the separator 2.

Numeral 7 is a liquid level monitoring means for judging the ratio between the vapor in the separator and the liquid level. Reference numeral 9 denotes a relief valve provided at the upper part of the separator, which is introduced into the steam or hot water generating tower 4 when the vapor pressure in the separator rises above a predetermined pressure. Above the hot water generating tower 4, an inlet pipe 1 connected to a water storage tank is provided.
3 is provided, and liquefaction is promoted by water sprayed from the water pipe.

The steam in the separator 2 is supplied through a valve 6 to a calorie indicating recorder 3 installed in the middle of a steam pipe 10.
The calorific value is measured at a and guided to the hot water generation tower 4. Further, when the hot water in the separator 2 reaches a predetermined level, the conduction valve 8 is driven to open. Then, the calorific value is measured by the calorie indicator recorder 3b installed in the middle of the hot water pipe 12 via V5, and the calorific value is guided to the water storage tank 5.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a temperature indicator for measuring the temperature at the well outlet, and 16 denotes a pressure indicator, which indicates the pressure at the well outlet and the pressure in the separator 2.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 100 denotes the wells (a) to (e) shown in FIG. 2, and the physical quantities (temperature, flow rate, pressure, heat quantity) of the fluid in each well are measured by the fluid processing means having the structure shown in FIG. Is done. (A) to (e) are shallow wells in which the thermometer shown in FIG. 2 is disposed at the bottom.
Reference numeral 101 denotes an on-site monitoring panel having a signal input device (not shown), which is disposed near each well (on-site hut) so that a physical quantity of a fluid can be monitored.

Reference numeral 102 denotes a site office on which a recorder storage panel 103, an observation data monitoring device 104, a printer 105, etc. are installed. The site office 102 is provided in an area A shown in FIG. The recorder housing panel 103 is also provided with a signal input device (not shown), which displays the measurement result of the physical quantity from each well for each well or records it on a recording medium such as recording paper.

The observation data monitoring device (arithmetic means) 104 displays the measurement result of the physical quantity from each well for each well.
5, and when a physical quantity set in advance for each well exceeds the set value, a comparison operation is performed to issue an alarm, and data of the physical quantity of the well for which the alarm was issued is retroactively recorded. Display the trend. Further, with respect to other wells, the data of the physical quantity of the other well at that time can be retroactively displayed in the past.

The calculating means 104 calls the recorded data, calculates an average value for each predetermined time (for example, one hour), and calculates the latest average value for each hour and the average value for the immediately preceding hour. To calculate the difference, and to issue an alarm when the latest average value exceeds a predetermined level or when the difference between the previous average value and the latest average value exceeds a predetermined level. It is configured.

FIG. 4 shows a daily change of a thermometer installed at the bottom of a shallow well. Here, the lowest temperature is monitored. It fluctuates from day to day, but today shows that the minimum temperature is on the rise. Looking at the lowest temperature in a day, if this tendency continues, it can be understood that energy is starting to be stored in the vicinity. Reference numeral 106 denotes a printer that outputs recorded data and calculation contents to recording paper.

The contents displayed on the display unit 105 of the calculating means and the measurement data of the calculating means 104 are transmitted to the modem 107.
a to 107d and can be transmitted to the remote data monitoring devices 102a and 102b at remote locations via the NTT line, and can be displayed on the display units 105a and 105b.
The contents can be output to a record by the printers 106a and 105b as needed.

Although not shown in the figure, the contents of the arithmetic unit 104 can be displayed on a client personal computer via a mobile phone or a mobile device.

The foregoing description of the present invention has been presented by way of illustration and example only of a particular preferred embodiment. Accordingly, the present invention has many modifications, without departing from its essence,
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations can be made. For example,
The temperature of shallow wells fluctuates with sunshine and seasons, and the flow rate and temperature of fluid from deep wells may also change continuously.
Sometimes it runs dry. In such a case, it is necessary to change the set value of the alarm according to the state. Further, the processing means of the fluid is not limited to that shown in FIG. 3 and can be changed according to the state. The scope of the present invention, which is defined by the description in the appended claims, is intended to cover alterations and modifications within the scope.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A plurality of wells provided in a predetermined area, physical quantity measuring means for measuring a plurality of physical quantities of the fluid ejected from these wells, recording means for recording each value measured by the physical quantity measuring means, Display means for displaying at least one of the data, and arithmetic means for comparing and calculating at least one of the recorded physical quantities and a predetermined value for the physical quantity, when the physical quantity exceeds a predetermined value And an alert for the well where the alert was issued.
Since the physical quantity data is configured to be displayed retroactively in the past, a system capable of predicting a volcanic phreatic explosion can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a pretreatment means for a fluid ejected from a well.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a daily change of a thermometer installed at the bottom of a shallow well.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state where a well is provided in an area where there is a risk of volcanic phreatic explosion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,100 Well 2 Separator 3 Calorific value indication record integrator 4 Hot water creation tower 5 Water storage tank 7 Liquid level monitoring device 8 Electric valve 9 Relief valve 10 Steam pipe 12 Hot water pipe 13 Water pipe 15 Temperature indicator 16 Pressure indicator 101 Field monitoring panel 102 Field office 103 Recorder storage panel 104 Observation data monitoring device (calculation means) 105 Display unit 106 Printer 107 Modem

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-201837 (JP, A) JP-A-62-118287 (JP, A) WO 96/32657 (WO, A1) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01V 1/00 G01V 1/40 G01V 9/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] At least one well provided in a predetermined area, physical quantity measuring means for measuring at least one physical quantity of an object ejected from the well, and recording for recording data of the physical quantity measured by the physical quantity measuring means. Means, display means for displaying at least one of the recorded data, and arithmetic means for comparing at least one of the recorded data with a predetermined value for the physical quantity, wherein the physical quantity is predetermined. A volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system, wherein a warning is issued when the value exceeds a predetermined value, and data of the physical quantity of the well where the warning is issued are displayed retroactively in the past. 2. A plurality of wells provided in a predetermined area, physical quantity measuring means for measuring a plurality of physical quantities of fluid ejected from these wells, and recording means for recording each value measured by the physical quantity measuring means. Calculating means for calculating the average value of the recorded data at predetermined time intervals and comparing the latest average value with the immediately preceding average value to calculate the difference between the latest average value and the previous average value; An alarm is issued when at least one of the differences between the average values exceeds a predetermined level, and the data of the physical quantity of the well in which the alarm was issued are issued.
A volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system, characterized in that data is displayed retroactively in the past . 3. A plurality of physical quantities of a fluid ejected from a deep well, comprising a plurality of deep wells of a unit of several hundred meters provided in a predetermined area, and a plurality of shallow wells of a unit of several tens meters provided in the same area. , A physical quantity measuring means, a physical quantity measuring means provided at the bottom of the shallow well, and a recording means for recording each of the values measured by these physical quantity measuring means,
Calculating means for calculating the average value of the recorded data at predetermined time intervals and calculating the difference between the latest average value and the immediately preceding average value; and at least the difference between the latest average value and the difference between the previous average value and the latest average value. A volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system, wherein an alarm is issued when one of them exceeds a predetermined level. 4. The volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system according to claim 1, wherein the physical quantity is at least one of temperature, pressure, flow rate, and heat quantity. Wherein said computing means data recorded via the modem, calculation results and alarms of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a function of transmitting at least one of the at least one location to a remote location The volcanic phreatic explosion prediction system according to any of the above.