JP3343532B2 - Sorting machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to a sorter for sifting an object to be processed in which objects having different sizes are mixed, and more particularly, to a sorter in which a crankshaft is used. The present invention relates to a sorting machine which has been improved to adopt and enhance a sorting ability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The Packaging Recycling Law will be enforced in 2000, and it is an important issue how to sort packages in various forms according to their materials. The development of was long-awaited. In order to respond to it, among the objects to be treated, especially PET bottles, milk cartons, shampoo containers, milk and beverage packs, cans,
A container that sorts containers such as bottles by applying a centrifugal force to separate the containers based on a difference in weight has been developed, but it has not been able to exhibit a sufficient sorting capability yet.

[0003]

Accordingly, the process from unraveling to sorting of the object to be processed is carried out by a machine with as little labor as possible, thereby saving labor. Separation of foreign materials, separation of thin wrapping paper, books, and foreign materials from magazines, separation of binding straps from cardboard to improve sorting accuracy, classification of construction waste materials into stone, metal and wood, etc. There was a need for a sorter that also had the flexibility to sort and recycle. The present invention has been proposed in view of the conventional circumstances, and the object is to perform the process from unraveling to sorting of the object to be processed by a machine without human intervention, and to increase the unraveling power to improve the sorting accuracy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sorting machine having the potential to increase the size and to flexibly cope with various sorting and recycling.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems] selection another machine of the present invention to achieve the above object, is fed from above the object to be treated is one end portion or the middle portion different in size are mixed A plurality of strips divided into strips, and a rotatable bearing mounted on a machine base, and the above-mentioned individual sieves are horizontally or inclinedly supported by crank pins and swung up and down, and the upper surface of the sieves is swung up and down. At least one set of crankshafts for propagating the workpiece from the one end or the intermediate portion to the other end, and the upper surface of the sieve means while the crankshaft is vertically swung by the sieve means as described above. Rotation driving means for driving the workpiece in a direction to propel the workpiece from the one end or the intermediate part to the other end, and sifting the workpiece by vertical swinging of the sieving means. To reduce the amount left on the top It is also characterized in that as feeding to the other end.

Accordingly, when an object to be processed, in which objects of different sizes are mixed, is supplied from above at one end or intermediate portion of the sorter, the crankpin is driven by the crankshaft driven by the rotary drive means. The plurality of strip-shaped section sieve means are vertically swung to generate a propulsive force, and the object to be processed is sifted while being jumped and fed toward the other end. At that time, since the crank pins of the crankshaft usually have different rotation angle phases between adjacent ones, the adjacent sieving means are also swung up and down at different rotation angle phases, and the workpiece is firstly unraveled. , And then sieved, and sorted according to the size according to the sieve mesh, so that the sorting accuracy is remarkably improved. The large object left on the sieving means is moved to the other end and separated by the propulsive force acting during the vertical swing of the sieving means. In the inclined state, resilient objects such as large inner cans and bottles remaining on the sieve means roll down and are further sorted. By selecting the size and structure of the sieve, various kinds of materials to be treated can be sorted from various containers to magazines and construction waste.

[0006] upper Symbol crankshaft is journalled by bearings at both ends, the intermediate portion comprises a different crank pin of the rotation angle phase is continuously provided, the individual sieve means in each crank pin through the bearing support Configuration
Since the crank pins are continuously provided without bearings in the middle part of the crankshaft, the gap between the sieving means can be reduced, and the object to be processed can be prevented from dropping from the gap without being sieved.

[0007] upper Symbol crankshaft are provided two pairs apart, the above individual sieve means are connected at the same rotational angle phase to the corresponding crank pin of the crankshaft, the sieve means mutually parallel state It can be configured to be driven up and down swing, and can perform almost the same up and down swing over the entire sieve means to exert the same propulsive force, thereby enabling continuous and smooth sorting operation.

[0008] upper Kifurui means the class of the crankpin
At both ends of Nkupin respective bearing you journalled respectively
On top, fix the rail with the dovetail groove formed in the upper surface longitudinal direction.
It is composed of a pair of parallel rails arranged by being arranged , and a number of scraping bars fixed by bolts and nuts that are laid on the rails in a ladder shape and heads are engaged with the dovetail grooves, The gap between the scraping rods is configured to be adjustable, and the scraping rod is moved after loosening the nut along the dovetail groove of the rail that is swingably supported on the crankpin via a bearing. It is easy to adjust the distance between the striking bars that make up the eye. In particular, if the distance between the one end or the intermediate portion to which the processing object is supplied is reduced and the distance is increased toward the other end, sorting can be performed sequentially or step by step for each dimension of the processing object.

[0009] upper Kifurui means further when the sieve screen, such as a punching metal to a supply of at least the article to be treated a configuration that can be stretched across between the rail and the scooping rod, the earth and sand It is possible to effectively sort not only granular workpieces but also small, medium and large workpieces.

[0010] upper Kifurui means slope between certain tilt state the other end portion is increased from a horizontal state by the inclination adjusting means through the machine base and the crank shaft is set, the sieve means in an inclined state Can be configured to roll off the repulsive material remaining on the upper surface of the object, and adjust the inclination of the sieving means to adjust the residence time of the object to be treated on the sieving means. . That is, if the inclination is reduced, the residence time of the object to be treated on the sieving means is shortened, and the sorting speed is increased, but the accuracy becomes coarse.If the inclination is increased, the residence time of the object to be treated on the sieving means is reduced. The sorting speed becomes longer and the sorting speed becomes slower, but the accuracy is improved. Further, repellent materials such as inner cans and bottles remaining on the upper surface of the sieving means in the inclined state can be rolled off to further enhance the sorting ability.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of a sorting machine. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a crank type sorter according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an operation section for explaining the principle of the embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing a mounted state of a scraping rod, FIG. 4 is an elevation view of a sieving means when punching metal is further added to that shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is suitable for a crank type sorter according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a crankpin angular phase of a crankshaft, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing types of a scraping rod suitable for a crank type sorter according to the present invention.

The crank type sorter 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is an object to be processed W in which objects of different sizes are mixed.
Is rotatably mounted on a plurality of strip-shaped sieve members 10 supplied from above at one end portion 5 and a pair of opposed side plates 2 forming a machine via bearings 3, 3. The workpiece W is propelled from one end 5 to the other end 6 on the upper surface of the sieve member 10 while the individual sieve members 10 are inclinedly supported by the crank pins 21 and vertically swung.
The set of crankshafts 20 and the direction in which the workpiece W is propelled from one end 5 to the other end 6 on the upper surface of the sieve member while the sieve member 10 swings up and down as described above (see FIGS. 1 and 2). A rotary drive device 30 that is driven to rotate in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow Y1).
The object W is sieved by swinging the sieve member 10 up and down, and the resilience of a falling object WS from the sieve and a bottle or a can, etc., which falls on an inclined surface due to the material remaining on the upper surface. And the non-repulsive material WL that does not pass through a sieve such as a bottle or a cloth sent to the other end 6 can be sorted out.

The sieve member 10 has a pair of parallel rails 12 provided at both ends of each crankpin 21 of the crankshaft 20 via bearings 11 and each having a dovetail groove 13 formed in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface. Dovetail 13 laid in a ladder shape
A plurality of scraping rods 16 fixed by bolts 14 and nuts 15 with their heads engaged with each other, and the interval between the scraping rods 16 is adjustable. A scraping rod 16 is moved along a dovetail groove 13 of a rail 12 supported on a crankpin 21 through a bearing 11 so as to be swingable, and a nut 1
By moving after loosening 5, it is possible to adjust the distance between the scraping rods forming the sieve 17. When the distance at the one end 5 to which the workpiece W is supplied is reduced and is increased toward the other end 6, the distance of the workpiece WS falling from the sieve 17 is reduced sequentially or stepwise. You can sort things from big things.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sieve member 10 further includes a sieve mesh 18 made of punched metal or the like from the rail 12 to the scraper rod 1 from one end 5 on the supply part side of the workpiece W to the intermediate part.
6, and can be effectively sorted out even for granular workpieces such as earth and sand, which are often contained in construction waste. Of course, the sieves of the sieve mesh 18 can also be set sequentially or stepwise so as to increase toward the other end 6. The scraping rod 16 has a triangular cross section 16 in FIG. 6 (a), a rod 16B made of angle steel in FIG. 6 (b), and a hemispherical cross section 16 in FIG. 6 (c).
C and 16D made of the flat steel of FIG. 6D are appropriately adopted according to the workpiece W. A scraper rod 16 having a triangular cross section in FIG. 6A is generally used, and the work W can easily get over a long inclined surface that is inclined toward the other end 6 and does not return on a right-angled surface. Figure 6
The scraping rod 16B made of the angle iron shown in FIG. 11B is suitable for removing foreign substances from magazines and newspapers by widening the pages when getting over.

The crankshaft 20 has a rotation angle phase difference of 90 degrees as shown in FIG.
The crankshaft 21 is constituted by a plurality of crankpins 21 which are continuously provided at an opposite end, and is supported at both ends by side plates 2 and 2 via bearings 3 and 3. The crankshaft 20 is additionally shown in FIG.
As shown in (b) and (c), it is possible to provide a crankpin 21 having a rotation angle phase difference of 120 degrees, 45 degrees, or the like. The gap between the adjacent sieve members 10 and 10 can be reduced by continuously connecting the crankpins 21 without bearings in the middle part of the crankshaft 20, and the workpiece W falls from the gap without being sieved. I try to prevent that. Of course, when a heavy object is mixed in the workpiece W, a partition plate closed on the same shape as the side plate 2 can be appropriately interposed to prevent falling and support the bearing at an intermediate portion. The magnitude of the vertical swing and the propulsion force is determined by the crank pin 21
Is determined by the height from the center axis of the crankshaft, that is, the head, and the rotation speed of the rotary drive device 30, and is determined according to the type of the workpiece W.

Two sets of the crankshafts 20 are provided apart from each other, and the individual sieve members 10 are connected to the corresponding crankpins 21 of the respective crankshafts 20 at the same rotational angular phase, and are oscillated vertically in a mutually parallel state. It is configured to be driven dynamically,
The same thrust and the same propulsive force can be exerted throughout the whole, and a continuous and smooth sorting operation can be performed. The rotation drive device 30 includes a geared motor 31, a sprocket wheel 32 attached to a connection portion between the output shaft thereof and one end of the lower crankshaft 20, a sprocket wheel 33 attached to one end of the upper crankshaft 20, And a chain 34 extended over the sprocket wheels 32 and 33.
As described above, both 0 and 10 are driven to rotate in the same direction from below through the rear part on one end side and then to the front part on the other end side. Of course, individual rotation drive or rotation drive using gears is also possible.

The sieve member 10 is connected to the screw jack 4 of the inclination adjusting means via the side plates 2 and 2 and the other end side crankshaft 10.
The inclination is set around the one end side crankshaft 10 in the range of 0 to 60 degrees, for example, in the range of 0 to 60 degrees between the horizontal state and the inclined state in which the other end 6 is raised by the hydraulic cylinder 1 or the like. The residence time of the workpiece W thereon can be adjusted by adjusting the inclination of the sieve member 10. That is, when the inclination is reduced, the residence time of the workpiece W on the sieve member 10 is shortened, and the sorting speed is increased. However, the accuracy is coarse, and when the inclination is increased, the workpiece W on the sieve member 10 is reduced. However, the sorting time becomes longer due to the longer residence time, but the accuracy can be improved. Further, depending on the inclination state, the repulsive material WR such as the inner can or the bottle of the material W remaining on the upper surface of the sieve member 10 can be rolled down in accordance with the degree of restitution and the shape, and further enhance the sorting ability. be able to.

In the crank type sorter 1 having the above-mentioned structure, when the workpiece W mixed with the different-sized workpieces is supplied from above at the one end 5 or the intermediate portion, the rotary drive 30 drives the workpiece W. Two sets of crankshafts 1
A plurality of strip-shaped segmented sieve members 10 are vertically swung by the crank pins 21 by 0 and 10 to generate a propulsive force on the workpiece W, and the workpiece W is directed toward the other end 6. In this way, we will select the sieve while weaving and jumping. At this time, since the crank pins 21 which are usually adjacent have different rotation angle phases, the adjacent sieve members 10 are also swung up and down at different rotation angle phases, and the workpiece W
Will be solved well first, then sieved and sorted by size according to the sieve mesh, and the sorting accuracy will be greatly improved. Large object WL remaining on the sieve member 10
Is moved to the other end 6 by the propulsive force acting during the vertical swing of the sieve member 10 and separated. By selecting the size of the sieve 18 and the selection of the scraping rod 16, various kinds of objects W to be processed can be sorted from various containers to magazines and construction waste materials.

In addition to the above embodiment, it is also possible to provide a structure in which the crankshaft 10 is provided only on one end side or the other end side, and the sieve member 10 is supported on a horizontal shaft so that the opposite side is slidable. Although the thrust in the front-rear direction is the same, the vertical swing on the horizontal shaft side is reduced. In this case, the supply point of the workpiece W is set at an intermediate portion of the sorting machine, and the workpiece W is supplied to a point where the unraveling force due to the vertical swing does not decrease.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the onset Akira
According to the wind sorting apparatus, a sieve unit, which is divided into a plurality of strips supplied from above the object to be treated is one end portion or the middle portion different in size are mixed, the machine frame The individual sieving means is rotatably supported and supported by a crankpin in a horizontal or inclined manner while being swung up and down, and is covered from the one end or the intermediate part to the other end on the upper surface of the sieving means. At least one set of crankshafts for propelling the workpiece, and the crankshaft is moved from the one end or the intermediate portion to the other end on the upper surface of the sieve means while swinging the crankshaft up and down as described above. Rotation driving means for rotating and driving the processing object in a direction in which the processing object is propelled, and the object to be processed is sieved by the vertical swing of the screen means, and the object remaining on the upper surface is sent to at least the other end. The feature is that Therefore, when an object to be processed in which objects of different sizes are mixed is supplied from above at one end or intermediate portion of the sorting machine, the crankpin is driven by the crankshaft driven by the rotary driving means. The plurality of strip-shaped section sieve means are vertically swung to generate a propulsive force, and the object to be processed can be sieved and sorted while being fed toward the other end.

At this time, the unraveling action of the object is that the crank pins of the crankshaft usually have different rotational angle phases between adjacent ones, so that the adjacent sieving means also swings up and down at different rotational angle phases. The objects to be processed, which are effectively performed by jumping and then well unraveled, are sieved and sorted by size according to the mesh size, so that the sorting accuracy can be remarkably improved. The large object remaining on the sieving means is moved to the other end by the propulsive force acting during the vertical swing of the sieving means and can be separated. In the inclined state, resilient objects such as large inner cans and bottles remaining on the sieve means roll down, further improving the sorting ability. By selecting the size and structure of the sieve, various kinds of materials to be treated can be sorted from various containers to magazines and construction waste.

The upper SL crankshaft is journalled by bearings at both ends, the intermediate portion is different crank pin of the rotation angle phase is continuously provided, the individual sieve means in each crank pin via a bearing The gap between the sieving means can be reduced by connecting the crankpin without bearing at the middle part of the crankshaft, and the object to be processed falls from the gap without being sieved. Can be prevented, and the sorting accuracy can be improved.

The upper SL crankshaft are provided two pairs apart, the above individual sieve means are connected at the same rotational angle phase to the corresponding crank pin of the crankshaft, the sieve means in a parallel state to one another It can be configured to be driven to swing up and down, and can perform almost the same up and down swing over the entire sieve means to exert the same propulsive force, so that the sorting operation can be continuously and smoothly performed.

The upper Kifurui means includes a pair of parallel rails forming the respective dovetail groove on the upper surface longitudinally disposed through bearings at both ends of the crank pin, the ants are laterally placed in a ladder form on the rail It is composed of a number of scraping rods fixed by bolts and nuts whose heads are engaged in the grooves, the interval between the scraping rods is adjustable, and it is swingable via a bearing on the crankpin. By moving the lifting rod along the dovetail groove of the supported rail after loosening the nut, the distance between the lifting rods forming the sieve can be easily adjusted. In particular, if the distance between the one end or the intermediate portion to which the object is supplied is reduced and the distance is increased toward the other end, the object can be sorted sequentially or stepwise for each dimension of the object.

The upper Kifurui means is further the sieve screen, such as a punching metal to a supply of at least the article to be treated can be stretched across between the rail and the scooping rod configuration, the earth and sand It is possible to effectively sort not only granular workpieces but also small, medium and large workpieces.

[0026] The sieving means is set to a slope from a horizontal state to a certain sloping state in which the other end is higher from the horizontal state by the sloping adjusting means via the machine stand and the crankshaft. It is possible to roll off the repulsive material remaining on the upper surface, and the inclination of the sieving means can be adjusted to adjust the residence time of the object to be treated on the sieving means. In other words, the degree of inclination is reduced, the residence time of the object to be treated on the sieving means is shortened, and the accuracy becomes coarse, but the sorting speed can be increased. However, the sorting time is slowed by increasing the residence time, but the accuracy can be improved. Further, repellent materials such as inner cans and bottles remaining on the upper surface of the sieving means in the inclined state can be rolled off to further enhance the sorting ability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a crank type sorter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an operation section for explaining the principle of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view showing a mounting state of a rail and a scraping rod which constitute the sieve means of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the sieving means when punching metal is further added to the one shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a crankpin angular phase of a crankshaft suitable for the crank type sorter according to the present invention;
(A) shows a crankshaft having a crankpin angle phase difference of 90 degrees adopted in the above embodiment, and (b) shows a crankshaft having a phase difference of 12 degrees.
A crankshaft having a crankpin angle phase difference of 0 degrees is shown, and (c) shows a crankshaft having a crankpin angle phase difference of 45 degrees.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are side views showing types of scraping rods suitable for the crank type sorting machine according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 6A shows a scraping rod having a triangular cross section, and FIG. (C) shows a scraping bar having a hemispherical cross section, and (d) shows a flat steel scraping bar.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sorting machine of one Example 2 Machine stand (side plate) 3 Bearing 5 One end part 6 Other end part 10 Sieve means (Sieve member) 11 Bearing 12 Rail 13 Dovetail groove 14 Bolt 15 Nut 16 Raising rod 17 Sieve mesh 18 Sieve mesh (Punching metal) 20 Crankshaft 21 Crank pin 30 Rotation driving means (Rotation driving device) 41 Inclination adjusting means (Screw jack) Y1 Rotation driving direction W Workpiece WL Large workpiece to be left on the sieving means Pass through WS sieving means Small and small workpieces

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A and sieve means being divided into a plurality of strip-shaped sieve member object to be processed with different ones sizes are mixed is supplied from above at the one end portion or the middle portion, the upper Symbol individual one of sieve member horizontally or contrast inclined end portion is lowered
And the other is supported by a pair of mutually connected crank pins , or one or the other is supported by a crank pin,
It said propelling the object to be processed and while supporting up and down swinging by lateral bridging axis side without Rankupin supporting the upper surface of the sieve member from the one end portion or the middle portion to the other end
A crankshaft having a crankpin, and the crankshaft,
Rotating drive means for rotating the sieve means in a direction to propel the workpiece from the one end or the intermediate part to the other end on the upper surface of the sieve means while swinging up and down as described above. cage, the sorter processing object that at least a portion of those remaining on the upper surface and sieved to send out to the other end by vertical movement of said sieve means, said sieve member, both ends of the crank pin parts on each of a pair of bearings that journalled to and dovetail and a pair of parallel rails which are arranged by fixing the rails formed on the upper surface longitudinally, is laterally placed on the ladder on the rail, A bolt having a head engaged with the dovetail groove and a scraping rod fixed by a nut screwed to the bolt, wherein the interval between the scraping rods is adjustable. And a sorter. 2. The sorter according to claim 1, wherein the sieve member can further extend a sieve mesh such as a punched metal between the rail and the scraping bar at least in a supply part of the workpiece. Machine.