JP3340046B2 - Vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a walking / self-propelled harvester for digging root crops such as onions and carrots from a field, and lifting and transporting the root crops. And more particularly to an onion harvester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a digging device for digging and excavating a root in a field underground is provided at a front portion of a self-propelled vehicle including an engine and drive wheels, and a root crop is extracted and transported. Transfer device, a cutting device for separating the foliage from the root vegetable crop being transferred, and a discharge device for releasing the root vegetable crop after the foliage separation to the rear of the machine, and conveying the root vegetable crop after removing the foliage. There is known an onion harvesting machine that is dropped on a ridge by such means or stored in a container or the like.

[0003]

However, in the conventional onion harvesting machine, the cutting device for separating the foliage from the root crop is composed of a fixed blade, and is fixed at a fixed position.
The vertical position could not be adjusted. Further, even if the cutting device is constituted by a driving type cutting blade such as a rotary blade or a reciprocating blade, the driving type cutting blade is directly driven by a driving shaft driven by a driving force from an engine, and the position is adjusted. Could not be fixed in a fixed position. Further, conventionally, when the root crops after the cutting of the foliage are released onto the ridge on the rear side of the fuselage, the root crop may fall into the valley on the side of the ridge and be damaged by the driving wheel.

[0004]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described. Engine 12 and drive wheels 18, 19
In the front part of the self-propelled vehicle 10 composed of an upper transport device 24 and a lower transport device 25, a transport device for extracting and transporting root crops, a lower portion of the upper transport device 24 and an upper portion of the lower transport device. A cutting device 31 that is provided at the transfer end of the root crops that are being transferred, and a release device 49 that is disposed at the transfer end of the lower transport device 25 and that discharges the root crops after the cuts of the root crops to the rear of the machine. In the vegetable harvesting machine provided with the upper transport device 2 constituting the transfer device
4 and the lower transfer device 25, the front
Of the cutting device support plate 44 fixed to the
The cutting device 31 is fixed to the fixing hole 44a,
Release the fixed state of the cutting device 31 with respect to the fixing hole 44a.
Slide the cutting device 31 back and forth in the fixing hole 44a.
The vertical position can be adjusted by means of
In the rear part, a discharge device 49 is provided between the drive wheels 18 and 19.

[0005]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 1 is an overall side view showing an onion harvester of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a rear view thereof, FIG. 4 is a side view showing a cutting device, and FIG. 5 is a cross section showing a drive shaft of the cutting device. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the cutting device.

First, the overall structure of an onion harvesting machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. FIG. Onion harvester
It comprises a self-propelled vehicle 10 and a working unit 11. The self-propelled vehicle 10 includes an engine 12, a transmission case 13 having a transmission mechanism interlocked with an output portion thereof, transmission cases 14 and 15 extending from the transmission case 13 to the left and right,
And the right and left final cases 16 and 17 connected to each conduction case, and the final cases 16 and 17 respectively.
The drive wheels 18 and 19 are supported by the transmission case 17, the frames 20 and 20 are supported by the transmission case 13 and the left and right final cases 16 and 17, and extend forward. Gauge wheel 21;
A gauge wheel adjusting handle 41 for adjusting the gauge wheel 21 and a steering handle 22 extending above the frame 20 are provided.

One of the left and right conductive cases 14 and 15 has a telescopic rod 15a fitted inside the conductive case 15 so as to be extendable and contractible, and connects the telescopic rod 15a and the final case 17 to each other. ing. Conduction case 1
A telescopic rod 51a that can be expanded and contracted by the power of the engine is fitted in the tread adjusting pipe 51 laterally provided in front of 5,
A connecting plate 52 is provided at the tip of the telescopic rod 51a to connect the telescopic rod 51a and the final case 17 to each other. The tread of the drive wheels 18 and 19 is adjusted according to the ridge width by extending and contracting the telescopic rod 51a of the tread adjusting tube 51.

A work unit 11 provided in front of a self-propelled vehicle 10
The upper transport device 24 is tilted from front to rear and high, the lower transport device 25 is provided below the upper transport device 24 and is provided substantially horizontally, and the root crop 27 is planted in a row on the ridge 23. And a cutting device 31 disposed below the upper transport device 24 and above the lower transport device, and the like. The root vegetable crop 27 is harvested by these.

The upper transfer device 24 is provided with a pair of transfer endless belts 33, 33 of soft elasticity wound around the transfer cases 32, 32 which are provided side by side. The root A crop 27 is configured to be transported by pinching a portion near the tip of the foliage 27a of the root crop 27 in the path A1. As shown in FIG. 2, a transfer guide 42 that is bent to the side of the machine body in a plan view is provided at a transfer end portion of the nipping transfer transport path A <b> 1, and the foliage of the root crop 27 cut by the cutting device 31 is provided. The portion 27a is configured to be discharged to the side of the fuselage.

A pair of left and right scraping devices 35, 35 each having an endless band with an elastic transporting projection are provided at the transport start end side of the nipping transport path A1.
5 are arranged at the front portion in the traveling direction of 5 to divide the foliage portions 27a of the plurality of rows of root crops 27 planted on the ridges 23 into right and left, and the foliage portions are provided at the rear thereof. A vertical weeding device 36 for lifting 27a is provided. Further, the root crop 2 introduced into the vertical rotation type weeder 36 is located below the transport start end of the nipping transport path A1.
7 is provided with an excavating device 28 which travels while digging an appropriate portion below the underground portion.

On the other hand, the lower transfer device 25 is provided with a nip transfer path A2 formed by a pair of left and right soft elastic transfer endless belts 37.
Thus, the neck 27b of the root crop 27 is pinched and transferred, and a discharge device 49 is connected to the transfer end of the pinch transfer path A2. The discharge device 4
Numeral 9 is disposed at the front and rear, and the rear end is located closer to the side of the machine body than the front end, and is configured to discharge the root crop 27 having the cut foliage 27a to the rear side of the machine body.

A release position control plate 50 is vertically provided on the frame 20 on the side where the root crops 27 are released, and is located below the lower transport device 25 so that the released root crops 27 are located on the side of the machine body. The discharge position is controlled so as not to go too far to prevent the root crop 27 from being damaged by the drive wheel 18 or the like. The release position control plate 50 is a plate-shaped member that is vertically installed in accordance with the position from which the root crop 27 is released, and is formed of a synthetic resin in the present embodiment, but is not limited to this. It may be formed by a member, or may be provided on both sides.

A cutting device 31 having a rotary blade 31a is disposed above the lower transfer device 25 and below the upper transfer device 24. The cutting device 31 is supported and fixed to a cutting device support plate 44 so that the vertical position can be adjusted. ing. The tread adjusting tube 51
A driving force outlet 45 is opened above the shaft, and the driving force outlet 45 and the cutting device 31 are connected to a flexible shaft 43.
, The rotary blade 31a is rotationally driven. In this embodiment, the cutting device 31 includes a rotary blade 31.
Although a is mounted, the invention is not limited to this, and a driven cutting blade such as a reciprocating blade may be mounted. The driving force transmitted to the driving force outlet 45 is also transmitted to the driving shaft in the weeding device driving shaft tube 47 via the transmission shaft in the connecting shaft tube 46, and the vertical turning type weeding device 36 is used. Is driving.

The description of the cutting device 31 will be given with reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. FIG. Below the upper transfer device 24, a cutting device support plate 44 is fixedly mounted on fixed arms 54a and 54b of an oblique frame 54 which is disposed substantially parallel to the upper transfer device 24 and at a front low position and a high position. Cutting device support plate 4
4, a fixing hole 44a formed by a long hole is provided substantially parallel to the oblique frame 54, and a main body 60 of the cutting device 31 having a screw portion formed at the tip is inserted into the fixing hole 44a. A substantially cylindrical fixing cap 61 having a screw formed on the inner surface from the opposite side of the fixing hole 44a is screwed into the distal end of the fixing hole 60, and the body 60 and the fixing cap 61 sandwich the edge of the fixing hole 44a. The cutting device 31 is attached and fixed to a cutting device support plate 44. By loosening the screw between the main body 60 and the fixing cap 61, the fixed state of the cutting device 31 is released, and the cutting device 31 can slide in the fixing hole 44a. Thus, the vertical position of the cutting device 31 can be adjusted.

In FIG. 5, an input shaft 55 having bevel gears 55a and 55b disposed at both ends is incorporated in an input bevel case 56, and a first input drive shaft 57 is provided transversely to the input shaft 55 in a vertical direction. I have. The driving force from the engine is transmitted to the input shaft 55 by a bevel gear 55a, and the first input driving shaft 57 is rotationally driven by the bevel gear 55b. The driving force of the first input drive shaft 57 is transmitted to a second input drive shaft 58 connected to one end of the first input drive shaft 57, and further transmitted to a cutting device drive shaft 59 connected to the second input drive shaft 58. Is done. The distal end of the cutting device drive shaft 59 is connected to the flexible shaft 43 inserted from the drive force outlet 45. The driving force of the cutting device drive shaft 59 is also transmitted to the transmission shaft in the connecting shaft tube 46, and drives the vertical weeding device 36 in front of the fuselage.

The cutting device 31 includes a main body 60 and a rotary blade 3.
The main body 60 has a horizontal rotation shaft 64 and a vertical rotation shaft 65 incorporated therein. The horizontal rotation shaft 64
The vertical rotary shaft 65 is connected to the vertical rotary shaft 65 by a bevel gear, and a rotary blade 31a is fixed to a tip of the vertical rotary shaft 65. Further, a substantially cylindrical fixing cap 61 having a screw formed on the inner surface thereof is screwed to the tip of the main body 60, and the main body 60 and the fixing cap 61 sandwich the edge of the fixing hole 44 a of the cutting device support plate 44. Thus, the cutting device 31 is attached and fixed to the cutting device support plate 44. The handle 6 is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed cap 61.
2 and 62 are fixedly provided so that the rotating operation of the fixed cap 61 can be easily performed.

As described above, one end of the flexible shaft 43 is inserted into the driving force input port 63 of the cutting device 31 attached and fixed to the cutting device support plate 44, and the horizontal rotating shaft 64 is inserted.
The driving force of the cutting device drive shaft 59 is connected to the cutting device 31.
To communicate. The rotationally driven horizontal rotary shaft 64 is transmitted to the vertical rotary shaft 65, and the rotary blade 31a rotates. In addition, a winding prevention boss 66 is provided in the gap between the main body 60 and the rotary blade 31a to cut the root crop 2
The 7 foliage portion 27a and the like are configured so as not to be wrapped around or entangled with the rotating portion. When the walking type self-propelled vehicle 10 is self-propelled in the field where the root crops 27 are planted, the foliage 27a of the root crops 27 in a plurality of rows is turned vertically. Weeding device 36
Is separated into right and left, and the scraping device 35
Scratched by 35. After that, the upper conveying device 24 maintains the tip portion of the foliage 27a of the root crop, and the underground portion of the root crop is dug up by the digging device 28.

The root crop 27 thus dug out is:
The forward portion of the foliage portion 27a is continuously held by the upper transfer device 24, and the neck portion 27b is held by the lower transfer device 25 to be transferred rearward by the transfer action of the upper and lower transfer devices 24. And this root vegetable crop 27,
Since the neck portion 27b is clamped by the lower transfer device 25, the neck portion 27b is restricted from moving upward.
The foliage 2 from the neck 27b to the upper transfer device 24 at the time when the cutting device 31 is set in the front-rear direction.
The length of 7a is maintained at a predetermined length.

When the root crop 27 conveyed to the cutting device 31 in such a posture is further conveyed, the tip of the foliage 27a of the root crop 27 is cut by the cutting device 31 and cut from the neck 27b. The foliage having a length up to the device 31 is conveyed while remaining on the root side. The root vegetable crop whose tip of the foliage 27a has been cut is cut by the cutting device 31.
While the foliage is guided by the guide rods 53 located behind, the guide rods 53 are guided to the ejection device 49 and are ejected to the rear side of the fuselage by the ejection device 49. The release position of the root crop 27 released from the fuselage is regulated by the release position control plate 50, and is released to a required place on the ridge 23.

Further, when the vertical position of the cutting device 31 is adjusted to the lower position and the foliage remaining on the root side after cutting is set shorter, the root crops are not inherited from the lower conveying device 25 to the discharging device 49. In some cases, the liquid is discharged directly onto the ridges 23 from the rear end of the lower transport device 25. Also in this case, the falling position of the root crop is determined by the release position control plate 5.
0 to prevent the ridge 23 from falling into the valley. The tip portion of the foliage portion 27a cut by the cutting device 31 is conveyed to the upper rear of the fuselage by the upper transfer device 24 and discharged to the valley of the ridge 23 on the side of the fuselage while being guided by the transfer guide 42. It is.

Foliage 27a of harvested root vegetable crop 27
Is cut at its tip by the cutting device 31,
The cutting device 31 is driven from a driving force outlet 45 via a flexible shaft 43 and a cutting device support plate 44.
Is movable in the fixing hole 44a, so that the vertical cutting position of the cutting device 31 can be changed, and the length of the foliage after cutting can be adjusted to a desired length. .

[0022]

As described above, the present invention has the following advantages. First, since the cutting device is configured so that the vertical position can be adjusted, the length of the foliage of the root crop can be cut to a desired length, and it is possible to cope with various harvesting forms. . Secondly, since the discharge device is provided behind the cutting device 31 and between the drive wheels 18 and 19, when the harvested root crop is discharged from the discharge device at the rear of the fuselage, the crop may be damaged by the drive wheel or the like. Is gone. Third, the foliage remaining on the root side of the harvested root crop after cutting is short, and the root crop is transferred to the lower transport device 25.
Even if it is discharged directly onto the ridges 23 from the rear end, it can be prevented from falling into the ridges of the ridges, which are the passages of the drive wheels, and the harvester that travels along the adjacent ridges to perform harvesting work during reciprocating work Driven wheels no longer damage already harvested root crops. As a result, it was possible to improve the harvesting efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing an onion harvester of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a cutting device.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a drive shaft of the cutting device.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a cutting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Self-propelled vehicle 11 Working part 12 Engine 18/19 Drive wheel 24 Upper transfer device 25 Lower transfer device 28 Digging device 31 Cutting device 31a Rotating blade 43 Flexible shaft 44 Cutting device support plate 45 Driving force outlet 50 Release position control plate 59 Cutting device drive shaft

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An upper transfer device 2 is provided at a front portion of a self-propelled vehicle 10 including an engine 12, driving wheels 18, 19, and the like.
4 and a lower transport device 25, and a transport device for extracting and transporting the root crops, and a cutting device disposed below the upper transport device 24 and above the lower transport device and separating the foliage from the root vegetable crops being transported. 31 and the lower transfer device 25
And a release device 49 that discharges the root crops after cutting off the foliage to the rear of the machine, and the upper transport device 24 that constitutes the transport device.
Between the lower transport device 25, it is arranged at the front low
In the fixed cutting device support plate 44, the fixed
The cutting device 31 is fixed to the fixed hole 44a,
Release the fixed state of the cutting device 31 to the hole 44a,
Sliding the cutting device 31 back and forth in the fixing hole 44a
A vegetable harvester which is configured so that the vertical position can be adjusted, and a discharge device 49 is provided between the drive wheels 18 and 19 at the rear of the cutting device 31.