JP3335986B2 - Electronic control clock - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power spring
And the generator driven by the mainspring and the electromotive force of the generator
Electronic control timepiece having electronic speed-control means operating at speed
You. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electronic circuits have been powered by a mainspring.
As a so-called electronically controlled watch that regulates speed using
3. There is one as shown in FIG. Figure 3 is a circuit block
Figures and 4 show a system block including mechanical parts such as a mainspring.
FIG. [0003] In FIG. 4, the time is stored in a mainspring 1 of a watch.
Mechanical energy 101 is transmitted through the speed increasing train wheel 2 to the pointer 1
2 and the generator 3 are rotated. Power generation
When the machine 3 rotates, electromotive force is generated at both ends of the coil in the generator.
102 is induced, and the electromotive force 102 is electrically connected to the coil.
Temporarily stored power 108 in the connected smoothing capacitor 4
Is stored. The stored power 108 allows the crystal unit 1
Oscillation circuit 7 by 0, frequency dividing circuit 6, period comparison circuit 8,
An integrated circuit including the cycle detection circuit 9, the load control circuit 5, etc.
Lower IC). The crystal oscillator 10 operates
As a result, the oscillated signal is supplied from the oscillation circuit 7 to the frequency divider 6.
The frequency is divided up to a certain fixed cycle through the frequency division. The frequency divided signal is
For example, as a reference cycle signal having a one-second cycle,
Is output. The cycle detecting circuit 9 is the same as the rotating cycle of the generator 3.
Of the induced voltage 104, and a detection cycle signal 105
And outputs it to the period comparison circuit 8. The cycle comparison circuit 8
Compare the reference period signal and the detection period signal, and
To find the difference, and to eliminate the difference,
Generator 3 so that the period of the generator 3 and the period of the reference period signal are synchronized.
Generating a period correction signal 106 for correcting the rotation period
Output to the load control circuit 5. The load control circuit 5 has a switch
By appropriately selecting the load resistance by switching, the generator 3
Load current, that is, the amount of current 1 flowing through the coil of the generator 3
07, the size of the electromagnetic brake corresponding to the amount of current
The rotation is controlled to procure the rotation cycle of the generator 3. Soshi
And the rotation cycle of the generator 3 is generated by the IC and the quartz oscillator 10.
The period is made constant in synchronization with the reference period signal. Soshi
And the pointer 12 linked to the speed increasing train 2 driving the generator 3
Keep the time accuracy by keeping the hand movement cycle constant.
It is. FIG. 3 shows the connection relationship between the above circuits.
You. An electronic watch with such a principle is, for example,
JP-A-59-135388, JP-A-59-116
No. 078. [0008] Next, the continuous time in the above electronically controlled timepiece
Gradually, that is, from the state where the spring is fully entangled
To the time when the hands can display the correct time.
I will describe. The duration is as shown in FIG.
And the minimum loss torque Thmi associated with the rotation of the generator.
The mainspring until the relation of n becomes Tz <Thmin × Z
Is determined by the opening angle θ. Where is Z
This is the speed increase ratio of the gear train from the motor to the generator. That is, the rotation cycle of the generator is represented by t.
And the spring opening angle △ θ per unit time is 2π
/ (T × Z). And the opening angle θ of the mainspring
Divided by △ θ (θ / △ θ) is the value
Duration. Therefore, as the speed increase ratio Z is larger,
The longer the generator rotation cycle t, the better the duration. By the way, the rotation cycle t of the generator is controlled as follows.
About conditions must be met. First, the rotation cycle of the generator is always constant.
That. [0012] The hands linked via the speed increasing wheel train indicate the time.
To indicate, the rotation cycle of the pointer is fixed (for example, seconds
The needle has a cycle of 1 minute per revolution). So the generators
It is necessary to always rotate at a constant rotation cycle. Second, a generator that rotates at a constant cycle is generated.
The generated electromotive force ensures stable operation of ICs and crystal units.
The power must be able to maintain. An IC including a crystal oscillation circuit is operated by a generator.
Generated and temporarily stored in the smoothing capacitor.
This is because it is driven. Third, to secure the electromotive force of the generator
Increase the torque loss that occurs when the generator rotates.
Don't let it. In other words, the rotation cycle of the generator is
The torque Tz and the magnetic loss torque generated by the rotation of the generator,
The speed increase ratio Z is added to the sum Th of the loss torques such as the mechanical loss torque.
Is equal to the rotation cycle when Th x Z multiplied by
You. Therefore, the maximum torque T that the mainspring can hold is
zmax, the above-mentioned loss torque Th is Th × Z>
When the relationship of Tzmax is reached, the hand movement cycle required as a clock
Cannot be secured. The rotation cycle of the generator described above
Under the three conditions, the generator of the electronically controlled clock rotates
I have. Next, the number of rotations of the generator and each characteristic, that is,
Of electromotive force, magnetic loss torque, and mechanical loss torque
The relationship will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. here
The relationship between the rotation period t and the rotation speed ω is 1 / t = ω. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the rotational speed ω of the generator and the generator.
Is a graph showing the relationship of the electromotive voltage E for charging the sliding capacitor.
It is. As shown by the solid line (A) in FIG.
As the number increases, the electromotive voltage E increases. The generator is rotating at ω
When rotating at 1, the electromotive voltage E becomes the operating voltage El,
To ensure stable operation of IC including crystal oscillator circuit
Reach FIG. 7 shows the rotational speed ω of the generator and the mechanical loss torque.
It is the graph which showed the relationship of Luc Ts. Generator speed
Increases, the mechanical loss torque increases. And machine
The torque loss changes according to the generator speed,
It becomes Tsl at the time of ω1. FIG. 8 shows the rotational speed of the generator and the magnetic loss torque.
6 is a graph showing a relationship between the two. The magnetic loss torque is
Including eddy current loss torque and hysteresis loss torque
I have. The sum of these two loss torques is the magnetic loss torque
Becomes The eddy current loss torque increases with the rotation speed of the generator.
To rise. On the other hand, the hysteresis loss torque is
It is constant regardless of the magnetic domain on the magnetic path composed of magnetic material
Performs magnetic domain reversal according to the change in magnetic flux of the rotor magnet
This is a torque that is generated with the energy that is sometimes consumed.
When the rotation speed of the generator is ω1, the magnetic loss torque
Tu1. In summary, the generator rotates at the rotation speed ω1.
The minimum loss torque Thmin during rotation is Thmin
= Tsl + Tul + Tg. Here, Tg is
IC that includes an oscillating circuit that becomes an electrical load for the torque generator
And the like. An electronically controlled timepiece that operates under the conditions described above
In this case, the voltage of the smoothing capacitor is
Is determined by the electromotive voltage. Therefore, ICs including crystal oscillation circuits
If the operating voltage is high, increase the electromotive voltage induced by the generator.
Need to be Conventionally, to increase the generator electromotive voltage
Increases the speed increase ratio of the train wheel and shortens the rotation cycle of the generator.
Measures to improve the magnetic properties of the generator, or
Measures to increase the number of turns of the generator coil are generally adopted.
Had been. [0023] However, the above
Conventional electronic control watches have the following problems. As a first measure, a solid line (A) shown in FIG.
Characteristic, the generator voltage is increased to ω2 and the electromotive force is reduced to E
2, the mechanical loss torque Ts2 shown in FIG.
Up to the magnetic loss torque Tu2 shown in FIG.
Will add. After all, the sum of these torque losses,
The minimum loss torque Thmin generated by the rotation of the electric machine also increases
Will do. As a second measure, magnets constituting a generator
A structure with a large energy product or permeance.
When the number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes of the coil is increased by
The characteristic is indicated by a broken line (B). In this case, the electromotive voltage
It is possible to increase the rotation speed of the
However, as shown by the broken line in FIG.
It will increase to Tu2. After all, in this case, too,
The minimum loss torque Thmin generated by rolling increases. As a third measure, increase the number of coil turns.
In this case, the characteristic shown by the broken line (B) in FIG.
The pressure can be increased. However, in this case
The length or thickness of the il increases. Also coil
When the length is increased, the magnetic path length increases
The torque loss also increases. The above problems can be summarized as follows: (1) In the first and second measures, the minimum loss torque of the generator
Luk Thmin also rises, shortening the duration
I will. That is, as shown in FIG.
When rising from Thminl to Thmin2, the duration
Decreases from Dl to D2. (2) In the third measure, the volume occupied by the generator increases.
As a result, the shape of the watch becomes larger and the product is less productive.
Invite below. In order to improve the duration, a mainspring is used.
Increasing the volume occupied by a watch
Causes a decrease in Therefore, the object of the present invention is to increase the shape and the duration.
The watch's merchantability such as shortening
It is easy to charge the smoothing capacitor and stable
It is possible to ensure the operation of the electronic circuit, this kind of watch
Electronic clock with high time accuracy and long duration
To provide. [0030] The electronic control timepiece of the present invention.
Is a spring that stores mechanical energy to power the watch
And the mechanical energy stored in the mainspring is transmitted.
A gear train, and driven by the gear train to induce
Generates electromotive force to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
And the voltage of the induced power generated by the generator
Boosting circuit for boosting, and boosting generated by the boosting circuit.
A smoothing capacitor charged by a voltage;
Driven by the electrical energy stored in the capacitor,
An oscillation circuit for outputting an oscillation signal of a predetermined frequency;
Cycle detection that outputs a detection cycle signal corresponding to the rotation cycle of the machine
Output circuit, and a reference period signal output from the oscillation circuit.
The cycle of the detection cycle signal output from the cycle detection circuit is
And outputs a period correction signal corresponding to the difference between the two signals.
A period comparison circuit, and a period output by the period comparison circuit.
The electrical load of the generator is changed in response to the correction signal.
The rotation cycle of the generator to the reference cycle.
Variable load circuit to match the specified cycle corresponding to the signal
Road and the speed-up gear train, and
The finger moves at the corresponding predetermined cycle and the time is displayed.
And a booster circuit connected in series with the generator.
A sub-capacitor, and an end of the sub-capacitor.
And the smoothing capacitor is superimposed on the electromotive voltage of the generator.
Is configured to boost the charging voltage to the capacitor.
At this time, the capacitance of the sub-capacitor is
The capacitance is lower than the capacitance of the capacitor. Further, the booster circuit is further provided between the generator and the
A diode that forms a closed loop with the sub-capacitor
And the cathode terminal of the diode is a rectifying die.
Connect to the anode terminal side of the ode and one end of the generator,
The anode terminal of the diode is connected to the other end of the generator.
Connected to the other end of the sub-capacitor to which one end is connected
It is characterized by being. Further, the capacitance of the sub-capacitor is
Characterized in that it is less than the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor.
I do. Moreover, the variable load circuit and the switching element
A load control circuit having a resistance;
Responds to the period correction signal output by the period comparison circuit.
To periodically turn on / off the connection between the resistor and the generator
Control and change the load of the generator
It is characterized by. According to the above configuration, synchronization with the electromotive voltage generated in the generator can be achieved.
It is possible to boost the potential of the smoothing capacitor
Become. The booster circuit is composed of a sub capacitor and a diode.
With this configuration, the boosting action can be performed independently of the operation of the IC.
It is possible to do. Comparative Examples and Examples The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
I will tell. First, although not the present invention, a comparative example will be described. Comparative Example 1 First, Comparative Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of Comparative Example 1.
FIG. 2 shows this comparative example 1 together with mechanical parts such as a mainspring.
Of an electronic control clock including a booster circuit 15
FIG. In FIG. 2, the mainspring 1 is a power source for a watch.
The mechanical energy 101 is stored. This mechanical
The energy 101 moves the hands 12 via the speed increasing train wheel 2.
And the generator 3 is rotated. Generator 3 rotates
To induce electromotive force 102 at both ends of the coil in the generator.
Wake up. In FIG. 1, one end of a coil of the generator 3
Represents the diode 21 and ICll (enclosed by a broken line in FIG. 1).
Portion) is connected to the load control circuit 5 provided at
D is grounded. Diode 21 induced by generator 3
The generated AC electromotive force 102 is rectified. Rectified electromotive force
102 is supplied to the booster circuit 15 in the ICll. Boost
The circuit 15 converts the rectified electromotive force 102
Thus, for example, a double boosted voltage 103 is generated. Boost voltage
103 is a smoothing capacitor arranged in parallel with the booster circuit 15.
The power is temporarily stored in the capacitor 4 as the power storage 108. Rise
The pressure suppression wholesaler 16 controls the boosting operation of the booster 15.
Generate a boost control signal. The smoothing capacitor 4 stores
By constantly supplying the stored electric power 108 to the ICl, the IC
11 can be continuously driven. ICll is connected to the oscillation circuit 7 and the frequency divider 6
Period comparison circuit 8, period detection circuit 9, load control circuit 5, and booster
It comprises a circuit 15 and a boost control circuit 16. Each
One end of the circuit is grounded to GND. The oscillation circuit 7 is electrically connected to the crystal unit 10.
Output the oscillation clock signal to the frequency divider 6
You. The frequency dividing circuit 6 generates, for example, 1 based on the oscillation clock signal.
Generates a reference cycle signal with a second cycle and outputs it to the cycle comparison circuit 8
I do. The period detecting circuit 9 generates an induced voltage from the generator 3.
Detected in synchronization with the rotation cycle of the generator 3
The periodic signal 105 is generated, and the periodic comparison circuit 8 and the boost control circuit are generated.
Output to the road 16. The period comparing circuit 8 is generated by the frequency dividing circuit 6.
Reference period signal and detection period signal generated by period detection circuit 9
In order to eliminate the time difference between the two
Generate the cycle correction signal 106 and output it to the load control circuit 5
You. The boost control circuit 16 uses the detection cycle signal to
A boost control signal is generated and output to the boost circuit 15. Boost times
The path 15 is connected to the circuit of the induced voltage 104 based on the boost control signal.
Period, that is, at the timing synchronized with the generator 3 rotation cycle
A boost operation is performed. The load control circuit 5 includes a switch element inside the circuit.
By appropriately selecting the load resistance by switching the
3, the current flowing through the coil of the generator 3
The amount of current 107
Control the size of the key and adjust the rotation cycle of the generator 3
You. ON / OF of the switch element provided in the load control circuit 5
The F switching is performed in response to the period correction signal 106. When the switch element is turned on, the generator
3 and the load control circuit 5 form an electric closed loop.
You. At this time, the potential difference of the electromotive force generated in the coil of the generator 3
As a result, current flows into the load control circuit 5 and power is turned off.
Spend. An electromagnetic brake is added to the generator,
The rotation cycle of the electric machine 3 is improved. On the other hand, the switch element is turned off.
Open loop between the generator 3 and the load control circuit 5
Becomes At this time, no current flows through the load control circuit 5,
No power is consumed by the load control circuit 5. Therefore,
The electric load of the generator becomes lighter, and the rotation cycle of the generator 3 becomes
Be shorter. Then, the rotation cycle of the generator 3 is set to IC and crystal.
The rotation period is synchronized with the reference period generated by the vibrator 10.
Match with a fixed period. That is, the second hand is set to exactly 1 rp.
m, the rotation cycle of the generator 3 is changed from the second hand.
The number of times the speed is increased or reduced by the speed increase ratio ZZ up to the generator 3
By setting the rotation cycle corresponding to the rotation speed, the generator 3 is driven.
The hand movement cycle of the pointer 12 linked to the moving gear train 2
To maintain time accuracy. This load control circuit 5 controls the electrical
Adjusting the speed of a generator by controlling the load
However, if the electrical load can be controlled by other means,
It is not necessary. The fact that the booster circuit 15 is provided on the electric circuit
Generator speed and mechanical loss torque or magnetism
The relationship between the mechanical loss torque and the torque based on FIGS.
Will be described. While maintaining the generator rotation speed ω at ω1, the electromotive voltage
When E is E1, the voltage is boosted using the booster circuit 15.
Then, the voltage can rise to E2. This is a look
In addition, the characteristics of the generator were changed from the solid line (A) in FIG.
(B) is improved. As a result, the rotation speed of the generator is increased to ω2.
Without causing any change in the electromotive force E
2 is obtained. And in that state, the mechanical loss torque is
As shown in FIG. 7, Ts1 remains, and magnetic loss
The torque also remains at Tu1 as shown in FIG. Therefore
By providing the booster circuit 15 on the electric circuit, mechanical loss
It prevents torque and magnetic loss torque from rising,
It is possible to secure the electromotive voltage. On the other hand, if the required boost voltage is E1
If the generator speed can be slower than ω1
You. That is, by using the booster circuit 15, the breakdown of FIG.
From the characteristics of the line (B), the rotation speed of the generator is from ω1 to ω3.
Can be reduced. Reducing the number of revolutions of the generator
It is an effective means to extend the duration of a. Next, the components of the booster circuit 15 used in Comparative Example 1
Using FIGS. 9, 10, 11 and Table 1 for body examples
explain. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a booster circuit enabling double boosting.
It is a road block diagram. The booster circuit 15 includes the switch element 1
51, 152, 153, 154 and the boost capacitor 15
5,156. Switch elements 151, 152, 1
The ON / OFF switching of 53 and 154 is performed by the boost control circuit 16.
Is controlled by the boost control signals S1 and S2 from the CPU. Rise
The pressure control signals Sl and S2 are in a high state (hereinafter referred to as “H”).
The switch is turned on at the time of the
After that, the switch is turned off.
You. FIGS. 10A and 10B show that the booster circuit 15
When performing the boost operation, the power is generated in each of the two states.
Electric machine 3, diode 21, smoothing capacitor 4, booster
Incorrect connection of electrical elements such as capacitors 155 and 156
You. The booster circuit 15 includes a booster capacitor shown in FIG.
And the charging state in which the sensors 155 and 156 are connected in parallel.
The boost capacitors 155 and 156 shown in FIG.
The discharge states connected to the columns are alternately repeated. FIG. 11 shows a booster circuit during a boost operation.
15 ON / OFF switching time of the switch element provided in
And boosting capacitor potential Vs and smoothing capacitor
Of the potential Vc. The waveform E in the figure is
The electromotive voltage of the generator 3 and the boost control signal S1
51, 153, and the boost control signal S2
ON timing of the switch elements 152 and 154
Is shown. ON / OFF state of boost control signals S1 and S2
The state is determined by whether or not the electromotive voltage E exceeds the reference voltage VTH.
ing. The method of generating the boost control signals S1 and S2 is based on
It is not necessary to limit the determination to the quasi-voltage. Table 1 summarizes the operation of the booster circuit 15.
This is a table. [Table 1] First, the switch when the booster circuit is in a charged state is set.
The operation is described next. Each switch provided in the booster circuit 15
The switch element switches when the boost control signal Sl becomes “H”.
The switching elements 151 and 153 are turned on. On the other hand, boost system
Since the wholesale signal S2 remains "L", the switching element 15
2, 154 OFF state. At this time, as shown in FIG.
The pressure capacitors 155 and 156 are connected in parallel. Soshi
Each of the boost capacitors 155 and 156 is a generator 3
To form an electrical loop connected in parallel. Boost circuit
15 flows through the boost capacitor 155
The current is il and the current flowing through the boost capacitor 156 is i2
Then, i = i1 + i2. And the boost capacitor
The potential Vs of the sensor becomes almost equal to the electromotive voltage E as shown in FIG.
You. That is, the terminal voltages of the boost capacitors 155 and 156 are
If the pressure is Vl, then Vs = Vl = E. Next, the booster circuit is in the discharge state, that is, twice.
The switch operation in the state where the voltage is boosted will be described. This
In the state described above, the boost control signal S1 becomes "L",
The switching elements 151 and 153 are turned off. On the other hand,
Since the pressure control signal S2 becomes “H”, the switching element 15
2, 154 are turned on. At this time, as shown in FIG.
The capacitors 155 and 156 are connected in series. And
Boost capacitors 155 and 156 connected in series are smooth
An electric loop is formed with the capacitor 4 for use. And straight
The potential Vs of the two boost capacitors connected to the column is Vs
= (V1 + V1). This potential (Vl + Vl)
It exceeds the potential Vc of the smoothing capacitor. this is,
As shown in FIG. 11, the power stored in the smoothing capacitor is always
Consumed by electrical elements such as ICs,
Since the potential Vc gradually decreases from the beginning of the double boost state
It is. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
A current i3 flows between the capacitor 4 for use and the booster circuit 15.
It is. The potential Vc of the smoothing capacitor 4 is
As shown in FIG.
Rise to a certain voltage. At this time, each boost capacitor 1
The potential Vl at 55 and 156 drops to Vc / 2. Thus, the voltage is equal to the electromotive voltage E generated in the generator 3.
To generate boost control signals S1 and S2,
By performing the switch change of 5, the smoothing capacitor is always
4 can be boosted. In the first comparative example, the boosting capacitor
The circuit example of performing the double boosting by using two is described.
If more than three capacitors are used, the boost ratio can be 3 times or more
Therefore, the potential of the smoothing capacitor is
It is possible to further increase the generator electromotive voltage.
You. With the configuration of Comparative Example 1, the start of the generator 3 is started.
Even if the voltage does not reach the operating voltage of the IC,
The power of a potential that can maintain the operation of the IC is stored in the capacitor 4.
be able to. Therefore, without increasing the volume occupied by the generator 3
In addition, the characteristics of the generator 3 can be substantially improved.
You. In the above configuration, the electromotive voltage of the generator 3 is sufficiently high.
Use a booster circuit to rotate the generator.
The number can be reduced. Therefore, the occupation of the mainspring
Substantially longer duration without increasing volume
it can. As a result, small, thin and long lasting electrons
You can get a control clock. The switch of the booster circuit 15 shown in FIG.
Element 154 can be replaced by a diode. sand
That is, the diode is used to increase the power stored in the smoothing capacitor 4.
If it is provided to prevent discharge to the pressure capacitor side,
The same effect as ON / OFF switching of the switch element 154 can be obtained.
That is because In the first comparative example, the booster circuit 15 is
Although provided inside, some or all of the circuit elements are outside the IC.
The same function can be achieved even if provided in the section. Comparative Example 2 Next, Comparative Example 2 will be described. The configuration of Comparative Example 2 is based on the
By changing the rate, it is formed by the generator 3 and the booster circuit.
Adjusts the amount of current flowing through the electrically closed loop
3 by changing the size of the electromagnetic brake generated,
The speed of the rotation of the machine 3 is adjusted to be constant. This rotation
Numerical control reduces the electromotive force induced by the generator and the IC power consumption.
If the power consumed for boosting is equal, the generator 3
This is based on the principle that the rotation cycle becomes constant.
In this configuration, a load control circuit as a speed control means of the generator 3 is provided.
Roads are no longer needed. The above control of the number of rotations can be realized only by the IC.
The applied voltage, that is, the voltage of the smoothing capacitor
First, because there is a characteristic that the power consumed by the IC changes.
is there. FIG. 12 shows the electrical characteristics of the target IC. The horizontal axis of FIG. 12 is the voltage applied to the IC, and the vertical axis is
Shows the power consumption of the IC per unit time. Figure
12 exceeds the IC operation start voltage V0, I
C starts operation and consumes power. And
As the applied voltage increases, the power consumption also increases. That is, the boosting circuit 15 uses a smoothing capacitor.
The power consumption of the IC changes by boosting the potential of
The power flowing into the booster circuit also changes in proportion to the power consumption of C
Changes the amount of current flowing between the generator and the booster circuit.
Become The rotation cycle of the generator is determined by the amount of current
The boost ratio of the booster circuit
It is possible to control the rotation cycle of the generator
is there. The operation of Comparative Example 2 including this booster circuit 15
This will be described with reference to the system block diagram of FIG. First, the voltage generated at both ends of the coil of the generator 3
The electromotive force 102 is input to the booster circuit 15. Boost circuit
Reference numeral 15 denotes a boost control signal generated by the boost control circuit 16.
In response, a boost operation is performed, and the voltage of the electromotive force is
Pressure. The boosted voltage 103 by the booster circuit 15
The sliding capacitor 4 is charged, and as a result, the electromotive force 102 is
Temporarily stored as electric power in the smoothing capacitor 4
You. The smoothing capacitor 4 is electrically connected to ICll.
Connected, and the stored power stored in the smoothing capacitor 4 is always
Supply to ICll at the same time to enable continuous driving of ICll.
Noh. Triggered by the operation of the crystal unit 10
The vibrated signal is output from the oscillation circuit 7 via the frequency divider 6
Frequency division is performed up to a fixed period. The divided signal is, for example, one second
Is output to the period comparison circuit 8 as a period reference period signal. The period detecting circuit 9 detects the induced voltage from the generator 3.
Detected in synchronization with the rotation cycle of generator 3
The periodic signal 105 is generated, and the periodic comparison circuit 8 and the boost control circuit are generated.
Output to the road 16. The period comparing circuit 8 is generated by the frequency dividing circuit 6.
Reference period signal and detection period signal generated by period detection circuit 9
In order to eliminate the time difference between the two
And outputs the same to the boost control circuit 16.
Power. The boost control circuit 16 detects the period correction signal
A boost control signal is generated based on the periodic signal and output to the boost circuit 15.
Power. The booster circuit 15 switches off a switch provided on the circuit.
In other words, the connection of the plurality of capacitors provided in the booster circuit 15 is
Switch to series or parallel. Switch element of booster circuit 15
The ON / OFF switching of the child is generated by the boost control circuit 16.
This is performed in response to the boost control signal. And the boost factor
Is appropriately changed, so that the load current of the generator 3
That is, the electric current flowing from the coil of the generator 3 to the booster circuit 15
By changing the flow rate 107, the electromagnetic
Control the size of the rake to regulate the rotation cycle of the generator 3
I do. The machines from the mainspring 1 to the generator 3
Energy from the capacitor and smoothing capacitor 4 to IC1
1 and transmission of electrical energy to crystal unit 10
Is similar to FIG. 2 described in Comparative Example 1. Next, the step-up ratio α, the number of revolutions ω of the generator and the
The relationship of the my torque Tz will be described with reference to FIG.
You. Machine supplied from the mainspring 1 to the generator 3
The energy Ez is given by the following equation. Ez = Tz × g × 2π × ω / Z where g = gravitational acceleration, Z = power spring 1 to generator 3
Up to the speed increase ratio. On the other hand, the power Eic consumed by the IC is given by the following equation.
Becomes Eic = (α × K × 2π × ω) ^Two / R where K = power generation coefficient and R = electrical resistance. The energy Ez held by the mainspring is
And the power Eic consumed by the IC have the following relationship. Ρ × Ez = Eic where ρ = energy transfer efficiency. [0093] This relationship is expressed as follows:
And only the mainspring torque Tz, Tz / α
^Two ∝ω. FIG. 14 shows this relationship in a graph.
is there. Maintaining the mainspring torque Tz at a constant value Tz0
When the generator is not boosted (1x boost), the rotation of the generator
Assuming that the number is ω0, increasing the pressure increase magnification α increases the rotational speed.
ω0 decreases. That is, the rotation speed is (ω
0/2), the rotation speed becomes (ω0 / 4) in the double boosting.
You. In Comparative Example 2, such a step-up ratio α and
The relationship of the number of turns ω is used to control the number of revolutions of the generator.
You. Next, the circuit configuration of Comparative Example 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
5 will be described. FIG. 15 shows a booster circuit 15 and a generator.
3, a smoothing capacitor 4, a period detecting circuit 9, and a boost control circuit.
FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram showing a path 16, which enables double boosting;
This is a step-up circuit. The booster circuit 15 includes the switch element 1
51, 152, 153, 154 and the boost capacitor 15
5,156. Switch elements 151, 152, 1
The ON / OFF switching of 53 and 154 is performed by the boost control circuit 16.
Are controlled by the boost control signals S1 and S2 from the CPU. Rise
The switches are ON when the pressure control signals S1 and S2 are H
At the time of L, the switch is turned off. The boost control circuit 16 is connected to the IC 11 and the cycle detection circuit.
Connected to the road 9 and based on the period correction signal and the detected period signal
To generate a boosting control signal and output it to the boosting circuit 15. The basic operation of the circuit shown in FIG.
This is the same as FIG. 9 described in Comparative Example 1. Ma
Also, if three or more boost capacitors are used,
With the basic operation described above, the voltage can be boosted three times or more. Next, the boosting circuit 15 of Comparative Example 2
The pressure timing will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
Is the open angle θ of the mainspring corresponding to the duration on the horizontal axis.
The vertical axis indicates the mainspring torque Tz. Open angle with the mainspring fully entangled
Degree is θ0, and the mainspring torque at that time is Tzmax.
I do. When the spring opening angle changes from θ0 to θ1,
Let the non-torque be Tz1 (section A). Spring opening
The spring torque when the angle changes from θ1 to θ2 is Tz
2 (section B). And the spring opening angle is θ2
T3min is the mainspring torque when θ3 is reached.
(Section C). On the other hand, the electric consumption torque Tg
If the generator is rotating at a predetermined speed,
Tg1 at the time of boosting (1x boosting), Tg2 at 2x boosting,
Tg3 when triple boosting, Tg4 when quadrupling. Soshi
And the mainspring torques Tz1, Tz2, and Tzmin.
Loss corresponding to gas consumption torque Tg3, Tg2, Tg1
It is assumed that the torques are balanced. Based on such a relationship, the
Tz and the sum of the loss torque, that is, (the electric consumption torque).
(Tg + magnetic loss torque + mechanical loss torque)
By matching, the generator is maintained at a predetermined rotation speed. Less than
The operation will be specifically described below. The opening angle of the mainspring and the mainspring torque
In the relation A, in the section A, Tz is between Tg4 and Tg3.
To switch between 4x boost and 3x boost alternately
This makes it possible to keep the generator speed constant.
You. In section B, Tz is between Tg3 and Tg2.
Therefore, by alternately switching between triple boosting and double boosting,
It is possible to keep the rotation speed of the generator constant. Section C
In Tz, there is a question of Tg2 and Tg1, so double boosting and 1
Power generation by alternately switching between double boost (no boost)
It is possible to keep the rotation speed of the machine constant. By the way, the spring opening angle exceeds θ3.
The spring to maintain the generator at a certain speed.
Torque cannot be secured. It is always at a given speed
Torque> Zoom spring torque Tzmin ”
The rotation speed slows down to maintain torque balance.
It is. So, up to the opening angle θ3 of the mainspring
Time spent on the electronically controlled watch of the present invention
Become. Each of the above loss torques is applied to the mainspring.
It is a value obtained by adding the correction for the gear ratio to convert it to torque.
You. With the configuration of Comparative Example 2, the boosting ratio is
By switching appropriately and changing the power consumption of the IC,
Special load control because the generator speed can be controlled
No circuit is required. In addition, the volume occupied by the generator 3 and the mainspring
Substantially increase the duration without increasing the volume occupied by the
Small, thin and long lasting electronic system
You can get your watch. Example 1 Example 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
I will tell. The configuration of the first embodiment is based on the operation of boosting the electromotive voltage of the generator.
Can be executed independently of the operation of the IC. The booster circuit shown in FIG.
18 and a diode 17. Sub capacitor
Reference numeral 18 is arranged in series with the generator 3. And with generator 3
Electrically closed loop with sub-capacitor 18 and diode 17
To form The cathode terminal of the diode 17 is
Connected to the anode terminal of the anode 21 and one end of the generator 3
I have. The anode terminal of the diode 17 is
It is connected to one end of the antenna 18. The boosting principle of the above-described boosting circuit will be described below.
explain. The generator 3 generates an AC electromotive force. Soshi
Current flows in the direction of ia or ib. Current ia
Exceeds the potential Vb stored in the sub-capacitor 18.
Flows, the electric charge is stored in the sub-capacitor 18 and the electric potential is
Get higher. At this time, the current is
Flow through an electrically closed loop formed by
It is. On the other hand, the generator electromotive voltage E and the sub-capacitor
18, the voltage obtained by adding the voltage Vb to the smoothing capacitor 4
Current ib flows when the potential Vc exceeds the potential Vc. However, negative
When an electric closed loop to the load control circuit 5 is formed
The current ib flows unconditionally. The current ib is controlled by the load control circuit.
A capacitor for smoothing through the path 5 or the diode 21
Flow into 4. And the voltage Vc of the smoothing capacitor 4
Is the sum of the electromotive voltage E and the voltage Vb of the sub capacitor 18 (E
+ Vb). FIG. 18 shows that the electromotive voltage E of the generator 3 is
The waveform boosted by the voltage Vb held by the capacitor 18
Is shown. The solid line in FIG. 18 indicates the voltage (E +
Vb), and the dashed line measures the electromotive voltage E of the generator.
It is a result. By the way, the capacitance of the sub capacitor is smooth.
If the capacitance is less than the capacitance of the capacitor
No need. As described above, the electromotive force induced by the generator
Step-up conversion of Example 1 utilizing the fact that the pressure has AC characteristics
Is a smoothing capacitor regardless of whether or not the IC 11 is electrically operated.
And boost the potential of the power to charge the capacitor.
Become. Therefore, the same as when the electromotive voltage of the
effective. This makes it possible to reduce the number of revolutions of the generator.
From this, a small, thin, long-lasting electronically controlled watch is obtained.
Can be Comparative Example 3 Next, Comparative Example 3 is shown in FIG. Comparative Example 3 is a generator
Voltage boost operation is performed independently of IC operation.
It is related to another configuration. The circuit block shown in FIG.
As shown in the drawing, the smoothing capacitor 4 and the sub-capacitor 1
8 is arranged in series with the IC 11. this
The basic boosting operation of the booster circuit is similar to that of the first embodiment.
You. Embodiment 2 FIG. 20 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the second embodiment, FIG.
0, a booster circuit 15 for electrically boosting the voltage and an IC
Rise by the sub-capacitor 18 which operates independently of the operation of
Combination of voltage circuits further increases boost ratio
It is something. The basic boosting operation of the second embodiment is a
The effects of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 are superimposed. Third Embodiment FIG. 21 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the boost
Do not impair the power supplied to the smoothing capacitor from the road.
Required to regulate the rotation cycle of the generator.
It can secure a luk. As shown in FIG.
The load control circuit 5 and the generator 3 are arranged in parallel with the capacitor 18.
Arranged in columns. Basic boost operation of this boost circuit
Is the same as in the first embodiment. The same effect as in the first embodiment is obtained.
Results, and the load control circuit 5
Power consumption stored in the capacitor 18 can be prevented,
The voltage of the capacitor 18 is independent of the operation of the load control circuit 5.
To maintain the boosted voltage more stably.
Can be kept. Fourth Embodiment FIG. 22 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Example 4 corresponds to FIG.
As shown in the figure, the boosting circuit for electrically boosting shown in Comparative Example 1
Path 15 and the sub capacitor 18 shown in the third embodiment.
The boost ratio can be further increased by combining
It is enhanced. Basic boosting operation of the fourth embodiment
Is the same as the booster circuit of Comparative Example 1 and the booster circuit of Embodiment 3.
It is. Therefore, the obtained effects are also comparable to those of Comparative Example 1 and Example 3.
The effect is superimposed. Fifth Embodiment FIG. 23 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Example 5 is different from FIG.
As shown in the figure, the step-up step of electrically step-up shown in the comparative example 2
A configuration for adjusting the speed of the generator 3 by the circuit 15
The booster circuit with the sub-capacitor 18 shown in Example 1 is assembled.
By increasing the boost ratio by combining
is there. Basic boosting operation and speed control operation of the fifth embodiment
Is the same as the booster circuit of Comparative Example 2 and the booster circuit of Embodiment 1.
It is. Therefore, the obtained effects are also comparable to those of Comparative Example 2 and Example 1.
The effect is superimposed. Embodiment 6 FIG. 24 shows Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Example 6 is a comparative example.
With the booster circuit 15 that electrically boosts the voltage shown in the second example,
The configuration for adjusting the speed of the generator 3 and the sub
By combining a booster circuit with a capacitor 18
In this case, the multiplying factor is further increased. FIG.
Although the load control circuit 5 is arranged in parallel with the electric machine 3,
Normally, as in Comparative Example 2, the booster circuit 15 uses
Govern the period. On the other hand, unusual external energy
When the generator is added to the clock and the rotation cycle of the generator is shortened, the load
The control of the number of revolutions of the generator by the control circuit 5 is executed. The operation of the load control circuit 5 will be specifically described.
In other words, the rotation cycle of the generator, such as an external magnetic field or impact, can be shortened.
When a factor is added to the clock, the rotation of the generator is accelerating.
Good. At this time, the cycle detection circuit 9 detects the acceleration of the generator.
And outputs a detection cycle signal to the boost control circuit 16.
You. The step-up control circuit 16 increases the step-up ratio based on the detection cycle signal.
A signal to be raised is output to the booster circuit 15. And boost
Even if the magnification reaches the upper limit, the rotation cycle of the generator
If it does not match, the load control circuit 16
5 and the operation of the load control circuit 5 starts.
As a result, a current flows into the load control circuit 5 and flows into the generator.
The electromagnetic brake is applied and the generator's rotation cycle
To match. Thus, an unusual disturbance is applied to the watch.
When the rotation speed cannot be maintained by controlling the booster circuit
In addition, the load control circuit 5 controls the rotation speed instead of the booster circuit.
It does. Note that the basic boosting operation and the
The boosting operation of the boosting circuit of Comparative Example 2 and the boosting operation of Example 3 were performed.
Same as the circuit. Therefore, the effect obtained is the same as that of Comparative Example 2.
The effect of the third embodiment is superimposed. According to the above configuration, in the present invention, the generator 3
Even if the electromotive voltage does not reach the operating voltage of the IC,
The capacitor 4 stores electric power of a potential that can maintain the operation of the IC.
Can be obtained. Therefore, the volume occupied by the generator 3 is increased.
Without substantially improving the characteristics of the generator
You. In the above configuration, the electromotive voltage of the generator 3 is sufficiently high.
Use a booster circuit to rotate the generator.
The number can be reduced. The rotation speed of this generator 3
With the reduction, as shown in FIGS.
Reduction of magnetic loss torque and magnetic loss torque
Can be. Therefore, without increasing the volume occupied by the mainspring,
The duration can be substantially increased. As a result
To obtain a small, thin, long-lasting electronically controlled watch.
Can be. Further, the booster circuit is connected in series with the generator.
Sub capacitor, and the terminal of this sub capacitor
The voltage is superimposed on the electromotive force of the generator and is applied to the smoothing capacitor.
Is configured to boost the charging voltage of
11 Smoothing capacitor with or without electrical operation
It is possible to increase the potential of the electric power to be charged. Yo
Therefore, the same effect as when the electromotive voltage of the generator is increased
You. As a result, the number of revolutions of the generator can be reduced,
Obtain a small, thin, long-lasting electronically controlled watch
it can. The above two types of booster circuits are appropriately combined.
In this case, the effects of each other can be superimposed.
And a smaller, thinner, and longer-lasting electronically controlled watch
Obtainable. Further, in the present invention, the electromotive voltage of the generator 3
Even if the operating voltage is not reached, the booster circuit
Since the potential for maintaining the operation can be secured, the generator 3
The problem that the number of turns cannot be detected can be avoided.
The number can always be detected. As a result, the rotation speed of the generator
Can be controlled more precisely, and the time
The degree improves.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of Comparative Example 1, which is a premise of an electronic timepiece according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing energy transmission of the electronically controlled watch in FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of a conventional electronic control timepiece. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing energy transmission of a conventional electronically controlled timepiece. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a mainspring torque and an opening angle of an electronic control timepiece, and a loss torque of a generator. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rotation speed and an electromotive voltage in a generator of the electronically controlled timepiece. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the mechanical loss torque in the generator of the electronic timepiece. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the magnetic loss torque in the transmitter of the electronically controlled timepiece. FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a booster circuit of Comparative Example 1. 10A is a circuit block diagram illustrating a connection relationship between a smoothing capacitor and a boost capacitor before boosting in Comparative Example 1, and FIG. 10B is a circuit block diagram illustrating a smoothing capacitor and a boost capacitor during boosting in Comparative Example 1. FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram showing the relationship of FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing ON / OFF timing of a switch element in a booster circuit of an electronically controlled timepiece. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing electrical characteristics of an IC. FIG. 13 is a circuit block diagram of Comparative Example 2. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between the number of revolutions of a generator and a mainspring torque. FIG. 15 is a circuit block diagram showing a booster circuit of Comparative Example 2. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a relationship between an opening angle of a mainspring and a pressure-boosting magnification in Comparative Example 2. FIG. 17 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a booster circuit using a sub-capacitor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a graph showing a boosted voltage waveform according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a circuit block diagram showing a booster circuit using a sub-capacitor in Comparative Example 3. FIG. 20 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a booster circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a booster circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a booster circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a circuit book diagram illustrating a booster circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a booster circuit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Description of Signs] 1 Mainspring 2 Speed-up train wheel 3 Generator 4 Smoothing capacitor 5 Load control circuit 6 Frequency divider 7 Oscillator 8 Period comparator 9 Period detector 10 Crystal oscillator 11 Integrated circuit (IC) 12 15 booster circuit 16 booster control circuit 18 sub-capacitor 17, 21 diode 101 mechanical energy 102 electromotive force 103 boosted voltage 104 induced voltage 105 detection cycle signal 106 cycle correction signal 108 power storage 151, 152, 153, 154 switch elements 155, 156 Boost capacitor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-59-135388 (JP, A) JP-A-62-255889 (JP, A) JP-A-4-76489 (JP, A) JP-A 52-255889 91156 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G04B 17/00 G04C 10/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A mainspring for storing mechanical energy serving as power for a timepiece, a speed increasing gear train transmitting the mechanical energy stored in the mainspring, and driven by the speed increasing gear train A generator that generates AC induced power to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, a booster circuit that boosts the voltage of the induced power generated by the generator, and is charged by the boosted voltage generated by the booster circuit. A smoothing capacitor, an oscillation circuit driven by electric energy stored in the smoothing capacitor and outputting an oscillation signal of a predetermined frequency, and a cycle detection circuit outputting a detection cycle signal corresponding to a rotation cycle of the generator. And comparing a cycle of a reference cycle signal output from the oscillation circuit with a cycle of a detection cycle signal output from the cycle detection circuit, and a cycle corresponding to a difference between the two signals. A period comparison circuit that outputs a positive signal; and a rotation period of the generator corresponding to the reference period signal by changing an electrical load of the generator in response to a period correction signal output by the period comparison circuit. A variable load circuit for matching the predetermined cycle, and a pointer for engaging with the speed increasing train, operating at a predetermined cycle corresponding to the rotation cycle of the generator, and displaying time. The booster circuit includes a sub-capacitor connected in series with the generator, and a terminal voltage of the sub-capacitor is superimposed on an electromotive voltage of the generator to boost a charging voltage to the smoothing capacitor. The electronic control timepiece, wherein the capacitance of the sub-capacitor is lower than the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor. 2. The booster circuit further includes a diode forming a closed loop by the generator and the sub-capacitor, and a cathode terminal of the diode is connected to an anode terminal of the rectifying diode and one end of the generator. 2. The electronically controlled timepiece according to claim 1, wherein the anode terminal of the diode is connected to the other end of the sub-capacitor whose one end is connected to the other end of the generator. 3. The variable load circuit includes a load control circuit having a switch element and a resistor. The switch element is configured to connect the resistor and the generator in response to a cycle correction signal output from the cycle comparison circuit. 2. The electronically controlled timepiece according to claim 1, wherein the connection is periodically turned on / off to change the load of the generator.