JP3335449B2 - Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass using the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass having excellent sound insulation and a laminated glass using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A laminated glass in which an interlayer made of a transparent and flexible resin such as a plasticized polyvinyl butyral resin is bonded between two glass plates is widely used, for example, for window glasses of automobiles and buildings. I have.

[0003] This type of laminated glass has good weather resistance.
It has excellent properties such as good penetration resistance, no scattering of glass fragments, good transparency, and no optical distortion.
Poor sound insulation. In particular, the sound insulation is reduced due to the coincidence effect in the mid-high range around 2000 Hz.

[0004] The coincidence effect is a phenomenon in which when a sound wave is incident on glass, a transverse wave is conducted on the glass surface due to the rigidity and inertia of the glass, and the transverse wave and the incident sound resonate, so that sound transmission occurs.

[0005] The demand for sound insulating properties has been increasing more and more recently. In particular, in addition to the above-mentioned performances, there is a demand for architectural windowpanes that exhibit excellent sound insulating properties.

As a sound insulating laminated glass, a laminated glass using an intermediate film in which two or three resin films having different sound transmission losses are laminated in two or three layers has been proposed (for example, JP-A-62-37148). And JP-A-2-22974
No. 2).

[0007]

However, although the sound insulation of this kind of laminated sound insulating glass is considerably improved, it is still insufficient. Moreover, there is a considerable difference in the average film thickness of each resin film to be laminated.
There is a problem that a so-called optical distortion is likely to occur in which the image on the other side is distorted through the laminated glass.

[0008] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a laminated glass having weather resistance, penetration resistance, scattering prevention of glass fragments, transparency, and no optical distortion. Without impairing the required basic performance,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass exhibiting excellent sound insulation performance while preventing a decrease in sound insulation due to a coincidence effect.

[0009]

The object of the present invention is to form a structure in which two or more resin films having different sound transmission losses (TL values) are alternately laminated in four or more layers, and the thickness ratio of the adjacent resin films is all 0. 9 ~
It can be achieved by an interlayer film for a laminated glass in the range of 1.1 and a laminated glass using the same.

As the resin film used in the present invention, an intermediate film conventionally used for laminated glass can be used. For example, a plasticized polyvinyl butyral interlayer, a vinyl chloride-based resin interlayer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate-based resin interlayer, a urethane-based resin interlayer, and the like can be given. These resin films have excellent basic performance required for laminated glass, such as weather resistance, penetration resistance, scattering prevention of glass fragments, transparency, and no occurrence of optical distortion.

In the present invention, it is necessary to use two or more resin films having different sound transmission losses (TL values) from these intermediate films. Sound transmission loss (TL value)
However, when the same resin film is used, the effect of converting and absorbing sound energy due to the internal friction effect at the resin film interface into heat energy is small, and the sound insulation is not improved. In this case, the difference (ΔTL) between the TL values of the adjacent resin films is preferably 5 or more.

Moreover, it is necessary that these resin films are alternately laminated in four or more layers. Here, the fact that four or more layers are alternately laminated means that four or more layers are laminated such that adjacent resin films have different sound transmission losses (TL values). If the resin film has one layer, three or less layers, or four or more layers that are not alternately laminated, the internal friction effect at the resin film interface is not sufficient, and the sound insulation is excellent. I can not get the nature.

Further, it is necessary that the thickness ratios of the adjacent resin films are all in the range of 0.9 to 1.1. Here, the thickness of the resin film means an average film thickness. If the thickness ratio of the adjacent resin films is out of the range of 0.9 to 1.1 even in one place, when laminating and integrating each resin film, the resin is changed from the thicker to the thinner of the adjacent resin films. Flows in, and the interface becomes non-uniform, causing optical distortion (distortion of an image) when a laminated glass is formed.

The thickness of each of these resin films is not particularly limited, but the thickness of the entire intermediate film is preferably 0.3 to 1.6 mm, which is almost the same as that of a normal intermediate film. The thicker the interlayer, the better the sound insulation. However, the thickness is determined in consideration of the penetration resistance required as a laminated glass, and the above thickness range is practically preferable.

In the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention, for example, each resin film is separately formed, and each of these resin films is integrated by heating and pressing between two glass plates. Manufactured by laminating simultaneously with the production of laminated glass, or by laminating each resin film integrally by multilayer extrusion, or by laminating each resin film and applying heat and pressure. can do.

In order to manufacture a laminated glass by adhering each resin film or an integrated intermediate film between two glass plates, a normal laminated glass manufacturing method is employed.

For example, each of the above resin films or intermediate films is sandwiched between two transparent glass plates, put in a rubber bag, and preliminarily bonded at about 70 to 110 ° C. while sucking under reduced pressure, and then using an autoclave or It is manufactured by performing main bonding using a press at about 120 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of about 10 to 15 kg / cm ² .

As the glass plate, not only an inorganic glass plate but also an organic glass plate such as a polycarbonate plate and a polymethyl methacrylate plate can be used.

[0019]

When two or more resin films having different sound transmission losses (TL values) are alternately laminated, four or more resin films having different viscoelastic behaviors are adjacent to each other. The sound energy is efficiently converted and absorbed into the heat energy by the internal friction effect at the interface, and the decrease in the sound insulation property due to the coincidence effect in the middle and high temperature region around 2000 Hz is particularly effectively prevented.

In addition, the thickness ratios of the adjacent resin films are all within the range of 0.9 to 1.1 and are of the same thickness, so that when the resin films are laminated and integrated, In addition, the flow of resin from the thicker to the thinner of the adjacent resin films is prevented, the interface becomes uniform, and optical distortion (distortion of an image) is prevented when a laminated glass is formed.

[0021]

EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples of the present invention will be described below. Example 1 Preparation of Each Resin Film Polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB resin) (degree of polymerization: 17
00, 99 mol% of residual acetic acid groups, butyralization degree is 66 mol%), and 100 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate as a plasticizer were mixed with 40 parts by weight.
This was sufficiently melt-kneaded with a mixing roll and then press-formed with a press-forming machine to obtain a resin film having an average thickness of 0.20 mm. This resin film is referred to as a resin film A (0.20 mm).

The resin film A (0.20 mm) was processed into a transparent glass (30 cm long × 30 cm wide × 3 mm thick) into a laminated glass, and its sound transmission loss (TL) was measured.
Value) was measured by the method described later, and the value was 25 dB.
Met.

Also, vinyl chloride resin (PVC resin)
(Vinyl chloride-ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer) 100 parts by weight and 40 parts by weight of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate as a plasticizer are mixed, sufficiently melt-kneaded with a mixing roll, and then pressed by a press molding machine. By molding, a resin film having an average thickness of 0.19 mm was obtained. This resin film is referred to as a resin film B (0.19 mm).

The resin film B (0.19 mm) is processed into a transparent glass (30 cm long × 30 cm wide × 3 mm thick) into a laminated glass, and the sound transmission loss (TL value) is measured by the method described later. As a result of measurement, the value was 31 dB.

The interlayer film for laminated glass and the laminated glass
Manufacturing The above resin film A (0.20 mm) and resin film B (0.19 m
m) and resin film A (0.20 mm) / resin film B (0.19 mm) / resin film A (0.20 mm) / resin film B
(0.19 mm) in the order of 4 layers (total thickness 0.78 mm), and a transparent float glass (30 cm long x
(30 cm wide x 3 mm thick), put it in a rubber bag, deaerate it for 20 minutes at a vacuum of 20 torr, transfer it to an oven at 90 ° C while deaerated, and vacuum it while holding it at 90 ° C for 30 minutes. Pressed.

The laminated glass preliminarily bonded in this manner is heated in an air-type autoclave at a temperature of 135 ° C. and a pressure of 1 ° C.
The main bonding was performed for 20 minutes under the condition of 2 kg / cm ² , and the production of the interlayer film for laminated glass and the laminated glass was simultaneously performed.

The laminated glass was evaluated for sound insulation and optical distortion by the following methods. As a result, the sound transmission loss (TL value) of the laminated glass was 37 dB, showing excellent sound insulation properties, and was excellent without optical distortion.

<Evaluation of Sound Insulation Property> A sample was cut out from the above laminated glass, and a vibration generator for a dumping test (a shaker “G21-005D” manufactured by Shinken Co., Ltd.) was used by using the sample.
And the vibration characteristics obtained therefrom are amplified by a mechanical impedance amplifier (“XG-81” manufactured by Rion) and the vibration spectrum is analyzed by an FFT analyzer (“FFT Spectrum Analyzer HP3582A” manufactured by Yokogawa Hewlett-Packard). Analyzed by

From the ratio of the thus obtained loss coefficient to the resonance frequency with glass, the sound frequency (H
A graph showing the relationship between z) and the sound transmission loss (dB) was created, and the minimum sound transmission loss (TL value) around a sound frequency of 2000 Hz was obtained.

<Evaluation of Optical Distortion> The object in front is seen through the above laminated glass, and the degree of distortion of the object is visually evaluated. If no distortion occurs, it is regarded as good. did.

Example 2 A resin film A (0.13 mm) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average thickness of the resin film A (0.20 mm) was changed to 0.13 mm. Further, the average thickness of the resin film B (0.19 mm) is set to 0.1.
The thickness was changed to 13 mm to prepare a resin film B (0.13 mm).
The TL value of the resin film A (0.13 mm) was 25 dB, and the TL value of the resin film B (0.13 mm) was 31 dB.

The resin film A (0.13 mm) and the resin film B
(0.13 mm) and the resin film A (0.13 m
m) / resin film B (0.13 mm) / resin film A (0.13 m
m) / resin film B (0.13 mm) / resin film A (0.13 m
m) / resin film B (0.13 mm) in the order of 6 layers (total film thickness of 0.78 mm).

As a result, the sound transmission loss (TL value) of the laminated glass was 39 dB, showing excellent sound insulation properties, and was excellent without optical distortion.

Example 3 A resin film B (0.20 mm) was prepared by changing the average thickness of the resin film B (0.19 mm) to 0.20 mm. The TL value of the resin film B (0.20 mm) is 31 d
B.

Further, polyurethane resin (PU resin)
(Copolymerization of 4,4′-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane and polytetramethylene glycol) 100 parts by weight were sufficiently melt-kneaded with a mixing roll, and then press-formed with a press-forming machine to obtain a 0.20 mm-thick. A resin film was obtained. This resin film is referred to as a resin film C (0.20 mm). The TL value of the resin film C (0.20 mm) was 32 dB.

The resin film B (0.20 mm) and the resin film C
(0.20 mm) and the resin film A (0.
20 mm), and four layers (total film thickness) of resin film A (0.20 mm) / resin film C (0.20 mm) / resin film A (0.20 mm) / resin film B (0.20 mm) in this order. 0.80 mm), and the other steps were the same as in Example 1.

As a result, the sound transmission loss (TL value) of the laminated glass was 38 dB, showing excellent sound insulation properties, and was excellent without optical distortion.

Comparative Example 1 Resin film A (0.27 mm) was prepared by changing the average film thickness of resin film A (0.20 mm) in Example 1 to 0.27 mm, and resin film B (0.19 mm) Was changed to 0.27 mm to prepare a resin film B (0.27 mm). The TL value of the resin film A (0.27 mm) is 25 dB,
(0.27 mm) had a TL value of 31 dB.

The resin film A (0.27 mm) and the resin film B
(0.27 mm) and the resin film A (0.27 m
m) / resin film B (0.27 mm) / resin film A (0.27 m
m) in the order of 3 layers (total film thickness 0.81 mm)
Other than that, it carried out similarly to Example 1.

As a result, the sound transmission loss (TL value) of the laminated glass was 33 dB, and the sound insulation was insufficient. In addition, there was no optical distortion and it was good.

Comparative Example 2 A resin film B (0.24 mm) was prepared by changing the average thickness of the resin film B (0.19 mm) in Example 1 to 0.24 mm. The TL value of the resin film B (0.24 mm) is 31 dB.
Met.

The resin film A (0.20 mm) and the resin film B
(0.24 mm) and the resin film A (0.20 m
m) / resin film B (0.24 mm) / resin film A (0.20 m
m) / resin film B (0.24 mm) in the order of four layers (total film thickness of 0.88 mm).

As a result, the sound transmission loss (TL value) of the laminated glass was excellent at 37 dB, but the optical distortion was poor.

Table 1 summarizes the results of the examples and comparative examples.

[0045]

[Table 1]

[0046]

As described above, the interlayer film of the laminated glass of the present invention is formed by alternately laminating two or more resin films having different sound transmission losses (TL values) into four or more layers.
Sound energy is effectively converted to heat energy and absorbed,
In a wide temperature range, a decrease in sound insulation due to a coincidence effect is prevented, and excellent sound insulation performance is exhibited.

Further, since the thickness ratios of the adjacent resin films are all in the range of 0.9 to 1.1, when the respective resin films are laminated and integrated, the thickness of the adjacent resin films is changed from the thicker to the thinner. Resin is prevented from flowing to the other side, the interface becomes uniform, and a laminated glass free of optical distortion (distortion of an image) can be obtained.

Further, since the interlayer film of the laminated glass of the present invention is formed of the same resin film as the conventional interlayer film, it is excellent in weather resistance, penetration resistance, scattering prevention of glass fragments and transparency. .

Therefore, the interlayer film and laminated glass of the laminated glass of the present invention are suitably used particularly for window glasses of buildings requiring high sound insulation performance.

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Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Two or more resin films having different sound transmission losses (TL values) are alternately laminated in four or more layers, and the thickness ratios of adjacent resin films are all in the range of 0.9 to 1.1. An interlayer for laminated glass, characterized in that: 2. A laminated glass, wherein the interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 is bonded between two glass plates.