JP3334438B2 - Reverse mechanism of gear transmission - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a connection structure of a reverse mechanism in a multi-gear transmission for vehicles such as automobiles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 2 shows a gear connection structure diagram of an automobile transmission (hereinafter abbreviated as T / M). The gear transmission shown in this example has six forward speeds and reverse (reverse) speed.
This is a one-speed transmission, and the (numerical) values (1) to (6) in the figure indicate the speed stages.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 denotes an input shaft connected to an engine (not shown), 12 denotes an output shaft arranged in parallel with the input shaft 11, and 35 denotes an output gear mounted on the output shaft 12. 34 is a differential gear (differential device) meshed with 34.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a first-stage drive gear, 14, 15, 1
Reference numerals 6, 17, and 18 denote second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth-stage drive gears, respectively, and the first and second-stage drive gears 13 and 14 correspond to the input shaft 1
1, and the other drive gears are rotatably supported.

[0005] 19 third stage, fourth stage driving gear engagement connection for removal operation (sync) unit, 20 is a fifth stage, connected for the sixth stage driving gear engaging and disengaging operation (sync) device.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a first stage driven gear, 23, 24, 2
Reference numerals 5, 26 and 27 denote second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth-stage driven gears, respectively. As is apparent from FIG. 2, these first to sixth-stage driven gears 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 are the first to sixth drive gears 13, 14, 15, 16, 1;
7 and 18 respectively.

Further, the first and second stage driven gear 2
1 and 23 are rotatably supported by the output shaft 12,
The sixth stage driven gears 24, 25, 26, 27 are connected to the output shaft 12
It is attached to the shaft. 22 is a first stage, a second stage driven gear 2
This is a connection (synchro) device for engaging and disengaging 1,23.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a reverse drive gear mounted on the input shaft 11, 36 denotes a reverse idler shaft, 37 denotes a reverse idler gear rotatably supported by the reverse idler shaft, 28 denotes a reverse gear, and 29 denotes the reverse gear. This is a reverse connection (synchro) device for engaging and disengaging the output shaft 28 with the output shaft 28. Reference numerals 30, 31, 32 and 33 are bearings.

[0009] The conventional automobile T constructed as described above.
/ M during reverse (reverse) operation
By operating the coupling (synchro) device 29, the reverse gear 28
And the output shaft 12. As a result, the rotation of the input shaft 11 is transmitted to the output shaft 12 via the reverse drive gear 38, the reverse idler gear 37, and the reverse gear 28, and the output shaft 12 is different from the one during the first- to sixth-speed shifting. It is rotated in the opposite direction.

[0010]

In the conventional gear transmission, a gear mechanism dedicated to reverse, that is, a reverse drive gear 38, a reverse idler gear 37 and a reverse idler shaft 36, a reverse gear 38, and a reverse connection (synchro) are provided. Since the device 29 is connected to the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 12 on the side opposite to the differential gear, the total length of T / M is increased by the amount of the reverse gear mechanism. For this reason, in particular, the power plant such as the engine and the T / M is mounted on the F.T. F
Car, R. In the case of the R car, the width of the vehicle increases, which is an obstacle to reducing the size and size of the vehicle and reducing fuel consumption.

In order to solve such a disadvantage, there is provided a technique for providing a reverse mechanism of a gear transmission capable of performing a smooth reverse shift without increasing the shaft length and providing no dedicated gear on the input shaft and the output shaft. Is disclosed in JP-A-5-272602. Such a technique includes a first shaft on an input side, a second shaft on an output side parallel to the first shaft, a first gear fixed to the first shaft, and a rotatable support on the second shaft. A second gear constantly meshing with the first gear; a third gear rotatably supported on the first shaft; a fourth gear fixedly mounted on the second shaft and constantly meshing with the third gear; A forward synchronous coupling device for selectively coupling a gear to the second shaft or a third gear to the first shaft, wherein the first gear and the second gear;
In a gear transmission in which a gear and a fourth gear each constitute a forward transmission pair, a first idler gear that is disposed parallel to the first shaft and the second shaft and is always meshed with the second gear; A second idler gear which is arranged coaxially with and relatively rotatable relative to the third gear and constantly meshes with the third gear; and a reverse synchronous coupling device for selectively coupling the first and second idler gears. Technology.

However, in such a technique, the second
Since the idler gear is always meshed with the third gear, the reverse gear ratio is restricted to some extent by the forward gear ratio, and cannot be freely set.

An object of the present invention is to provide a gear transmission having an input shaft and an output shaft arranged in parallel and having a plurality of forward speed stages and a plurality of reverse speed stages. , The length in the direction of the input and output shafts is reduced, and the weight and size are reduced.
F car, R. An object of the present invention is to provide a gear transmission capable of significantly reducing the vehicle width of an R vehicle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a gear transmission that can achieve the above-mentioned object smoothly without increasing the internal volume of the T / M housing, in other words, using the conventional T / M housing as it is. It is in. Another object of the present invention is to reduce the length of the input and output shafts to reduce the weight and the size of the gear, but the gear ratio of the reverse gear can be freely set without being restricted by the gear ratio of the forward gear. A transmission is provided.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a reverse synchronous coupling device (reverse synchronization device), a first idler gear (reverse drive gear) and a second idler gear (reverse gear). The first idler shaft (reverse shaft) is inserted and disposed in parallel with the output shaft, and the first idler gear (reverse drive gear) meshes with one of the driven gears (second gear) supported by the output shaft. Conventionally, a second idler gear (reverse gear) is connected to another driven gear (fourth gear) mounted on the output shaft via a third idler gear (reverse idler gear). The reverse gear mechanism installed at the shaft end of the shaft on the side opposite to the differential gear (differential device) is arranged at a position parallel to the input and output shafts, and the present invention further provides the first idler gear (reverse drive gear). ) Meshes with a second gear (first-stage driven gear) disposed on the output shaft end side of the output shaft, and connects the second idler gear (reverse gear) with a third idler gear (reverse idler) of the second idler shaft. gear)
The gist of the present invention is that the gear is connected to the third driven gear via the second gear. In this specification, the term “support” means that the shaft is rotatably supported by the shaft, and the term “bearing” means that the shaft is supported by the shaft in a fixed state. And support includes both.

That is, the present invention provides an input shaft to which a driving force from a power source is transmitted, an output shaft which is provided in parallel with the input shaft and outputs a driving force to a power transmission system, and an output shaft fixed to the input shaft. A first gear provided , a second gear constantly meshed with the first gear supported rotatably on the output shaft, and a second gear .
First connection means for selectively connecting the output shaft to the output shaft.
Then, the first connection means is connected to the power source so as to be in a connected state.
Of the input shaft, the first gear, and the second gear
1st forward speed change by transmitting to the output shaft through
The first gear set and the third gear relatively rotatably supported on the input shaft, is fixed to the output shaft of the third gear and constantly meshing meet fourth gear to achieve the stage, the third gear And on
A second connecting means for selectively connecting the input shaft to the input shaft;
The driving force is inputted by setting the second connecting means to the connected state.
Shaft, the output shaft via the third gear and the fourth gear
To achieve the second forward speed change means by transmitting to the second
A first transmission gear set; and a second transmission gear set.
A plurality of transmission gear sets including a transmission gear set are arranged side by side in the axial direction.
Therefore, the plurality of forward gear shifting means is
A first idler gear disposed parallel to the input shaft and the output shaft; and a phase shifter on the first idler shaft with respect to the first idler gear.
A second idler gear rotatably disposed with respect to the first idler gear;
A reverse connecting means for selectively connecting the idler gear to the second idler gear; a second idler shaft disposed parallel to the input shaft, the output shaft, and the first idler shaft; and a third idler gear to meet chewing constantly and rotatably disposed said second idler gear and the fourth gear on the idler shaft, when the reverse of the vehicle, the reverse
The connection means is connected to the driving force and the driving force
Shaft, the first gear, the second gear, the first idler gear, the
A second idler gear, the third idler gear, and the fourth idler gear;
The reverse gear is transmitted to the output shaft via a gear.
It is characterized by achieving . And preferred
In other words, the driving force output from the output shaft is
A differential device to be distributed to the output shaft
An input shaft, the first idler shaft, and the second idler shaft
But on the opposite side of the differential with respect to the output shaft, and
Being arranged along the circumference of the output shaft .
You.

[0016]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the torque from the input shaft is rotatably supported on the output shaft among the driven gears, for example, the first stage driven gear (the first stage driven gear). The transmission is transmitted from the driving gear (first gear) meshed with the second gear to the first idler gear (reverse driving gear) via the driven gear (second gear). When the first idler gear (reverse drive gear) and the second idler gear (reverse gear) are connected by the reverse synchronous connection device (reverse synchro), the rotational force is applied to the first idler gear (reverse drive gear).
To the second idler gear (reverse gear)
Driven gear (fourth gear) fixed to the output shaft after being reversed by an idler gear (reverse idler gear)
To the output shaft through which the output shaft is reversed.

In this case, a first idler shaft (reverse shaft) equipped with a first idler gear (reverse drive gear), a second idler gear (reverse gear), and a reverse synchronous coupling device (reverse synchro), and a third idler gear (reverse gear) Since the reverse gear mechanism including the second idler shaft (reverse idler shaft) to which the reverse idler gear is mounted is arranged at a position parallel to the input and output shafts, the input and output shafts are on the side opposite to the differential gear (differential device). The total length of the T / M is greatly reduced as compared with the conventional one in which the reverse gear mechanism is disposed at the shaft end of the shaft, and the T / M can be made compact and lightweight.

In a gear transmission in which a differential gear (differential device) is incorporated in a housing, for example, in an F / F vehicle, the first idler gear (reverse drive gear) and the second idler gear (reverse gear) are used. A first idler shaft (reverse shaft) that is pivotally supported, a second idler shaft (reverse idler shaft) on which a third idler gear (reverse idler gear) is mounted, and an input shaft, with a differential gear (differential device) sandwiching the output shaft. ) Is disposed along the circumference of the driven gear supported by the output shaft, which is located on the opposite side of the above), thereby saving space, in other words, increasing the internal volume of the device housing. Without using the conventional T / M housing, the above-mentioned operation can be achieved smoothly.

Therefore, in particular, the engine and the T / M are arranged side by side. F car, R. In the R-vehicle, the width of the vehicle is greatly reduced, and the vehicle can be reduced in size and size, and fuel efficiency can be reduced. Further, in the present invention, the second idler gear (reverse gear) and the driven gear (fourth gear) are
The third idler gear (reverse idler gear) can be freely set by meshing via a third idler gear (reverse idler gear) provided on a separate shaft from the gear (third stage drive gear). The setting of the reverse gear ratio is not affected by the gear ratio of the forward gear.

[0020]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention; However, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative positions, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples. It's just

FIG. 1 is a mechanism diagram of a gear transmission for an automobile according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes an input shaft connected to an engine (not shown), reference numeral 12 denotes an output shaft disposed in parallel with the input shaft 11, and reference numeral 35 denotes an output gear 34 mounted on the output shaft 12. This is a differential gear (differential device) to be meshed.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a first-stage drive gear, 14, 15, 1
Reference numerals 6, 17, and 18 denote second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth-stage drive gears, respectively, and first and second-stage drive gears 13 and 14 are axially mounted on the input shaft 11 and other four-stage drive gears 15 and 16, respectively. , 16,17,18
Are rotatably supported on the input shaft 11.

Reference numeral 19 denotes third and fourth stage drive gears 15, 16
(Synchro) device for engaging and disengaging the device, 20
Is a connecting (synchro) device for engaging and disengaging the fifth and sixth drive gears 17 and 18.

21 is a first stage driven gear, 23, 24, 2
Reference numerals 5, 26 and 27 denote second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth-stage driven gears, and first and second-stage driven gears 21 and 23 correspond to the output shaft 1.
2, the other driven gears 24, 2
5, 26 and 27 are mounted on the output shaft 12.

The first to sixth driven gears 2
1, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 correspond to the first to sixth-stage drive gears 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18, respectively.
Are engaged with each other. 22 is a first stage driven gear 21
Alternatively, it is a connection (synchro) device for engaging and disengaging the second stage driven gear 23 and the output shaft 12. Reference numerals 30 and 31 denote bearings for supporting the input shaft 11, and reference numerals 32 and 33 denote bearings for supporting the output shaft 12.

Reference numeral 53 denotes a reverse shaft, which is arranged in parallel with the input and output shafts 11 and 12 and near the output end of the output shaft 12, that is, near a differential gear (differential device) 35. A reverse drive gear 51 and a reverse gear 52 are rotatably supported on the reverse shaft 53 so as to face each other.

Reference numeral 54 denotes a reverse connection (synchro) device mounted on the reverse shaft 53, which is mounted between the reverse drive gear 51 and the reverse gear 52, and controls engagement and disengagement of both gears. 57 and 58 are the reverse shafts 5
Three bearings.

Reference numeral 56 denotes a reverse idler shaft, which is arranged in parallel with the input / output shafts 11 and 12 and the reverse shaft 53, and near the differential gear (differential device). Reference numeral 55 denotes the rotation of the reverse idler shaft 56.
The reverse idler gears are arranged in mesh with the reverse gear 52 and the third-stage driven gear 24, respectively. 59 and 60 are bearings for a reverse idler shaft support.

In the gear transmission constructed as described above, the reverse drive gear 51 and the reverse gear 52 are connected by operating the reverse connection (synchro) device 54 during the reverse (reverse) operation.

Then, the rotation of the input shaft 11 is transmitted from the first-stage drive gear 13 to the reverse gear 52 via the first-stage driven gear 21 and the reverse drive gear, and further enters the reverse idler gear 55 from the reverse gear 52. Here, the rotation is reversed and transmitted to the third-stage drive gear 24. As a result, the output shaft 12 is rotated in a direction opposite to that in the forward movement, and the vehicle is moved backward through the differential gear (differential device) 35. Note that the operation at the time of the forward operation is the same as that of the conventional one and is well-known, so that the description is omitted.

Therefore, in this embodiment, as apparent from comparison with the conventional one shown in FIG. 2, the reverse shaft and the reverse shaft equipped with the reverse drive gear 51, the reverse gear 52, and the reverse connecting (synchro) device 54 are provided. Since the reverse gear mechanism including the reverse idler shaft equipped with the idler gear 55 is inserted and arranged in parallel with the output shafts 11 and 12, the total length of the T / M is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional one.

The reverse gear mechanism is connected to the output shaft 12.
The device is more compact because it is arranged closer to the output end side (differential side) of the device.

FIG. 3 shows an internal structure of the housing 10 in which a differential gear (differential device) 35 is cut at a right angle to an axis of a gear transmission incorporated in the housing 10 such as an F / F vehicle. In order to explain the schematic layout configuration, the differential gear (differential device) 35 is located on the right side of the housing 10 in the drawing, the output shaft 12 is located at the center of the housing 10 on the left side, and the differential A driven gear 21 supported on the output shaft 12 and located on the opposite side of the gear (differential device) 35.
The reverse drive gear 51 and the reverse shaft 53 that supports the reverse gear (differential device) 52 along the circumference of the circle, and the reverse idler shaft 5 that is mounted on the reverse idler gear 55.
6, and an input shaft for supporting the first-stage drive gear 13 are provided.

Thus, the first driven gear 21 / reverse driving gear 51 / reverse gear 52 / reverse idler gear 55 / third stage receiving gear 21 supported on the output shaft 12 by receiving the driving rotation of the first driving gear 13. The drive gear 24 sequentially rotates, and the reverse rotation can be effectively transmitted to the differential gear (differential device) 35. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a differential gear (differential device) sandwiching the output shaft
By being disposed along the circumference of the driven gears 21 supported on the output shaft 12 on the opposite side of the output shaft 35, the output shaft 12 can be used as a relay shaft as a result, As a result, the above-described embodiment can be smoothly achieved by using the conventional device (T / M) housing as it is, without increasing the internal volume of the device housing, while saving space.

Thus, in particular, F.I. F car, R. In an automobile such as an R-vehicle in which a power plant is installed horizontally, the width of the vehicle is greatly reduced, and the weight and size of the vehicle body are reduced, and the fuel consumption is thereby reduced.

Although the above-described embodiment shows a six-speed shift, the present invention can be easily applied to a four-speed or five-speed shift vehicle as in the above-described embodiment.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, the first idler shaft (reverse gear) on which the reverse synchronous coupling device (reverse synchro), the first idler gear (reverse drive gear) and the second idler gear (reverse gear) are mounted. Axis)
A reverse drive gear is meshed with one of the driven gears supported on the output shaft, and the reverse gear is connected to a third idler gear (reverse gear) on the other driven gear axially mounted on the output shaft. (Idler gears), the total length of the T / M is significantly larger than that of the conventional one in which the reverse gear mechanism is arranged at the shaft end of the input / output shaft on the side opposite to the differential gear (differential device). And the T / M can be made compact and lightweight.

In particular, according to the present invention, the length in the direction of the input and output shafts is reduced to achieve a light weight and a compact size, but the reverse gear ratio can be freely set without being restricted by the gear ratio of the forward gear. For this reason, the engine and the T / M are arranged horizontally. F car, R. In the R-vehicle, the width of the vehicle is greatly reduced, and the vehicle can be reduced in size and size, and fuel efficiency can be reduced.

Further, by arranging the reverse gear mechanism near the output end, the T / M can be made more compact.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a skeleton configuration diagram of an automotive gear transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent view of FIG. 1 showing a conventional example.

FIG. 3 shows the internal configuration of the automotive gear transmission shown in FIG. 1 in which a differential gear (differential device) is incorporated in a housing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Housing 11 Input shaft 12 Output shaft 13 1st gear (1st stage drive gear) 15 3rd gear (3rd stage drive gear) 21 2nd gear (1st stage driven gear) 24 4th gear (3rd stage) Driven gear) 51 first idler gear (reverse drive gear) 52 second idler gear (reverse gear) 53 first idler shaft (reverse shaft) 54 reverse synchronous coupling device (reverse synchro) 55 third idler gear (reverse idler gear) 56 Second idler shaft (reverse idler shaft)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An input shaft to which a driving force from a power source is transmitted.
And the driving force is provided to the power transmission system
An output shaft for outputting, and a first gear fixed to the input shaft,the aboveOn output shaftrelative
rotationA second gear always meshing with the first gear freely supported;
gearAnd selectively connecting the second gear and the output shaft.
It has a first connecting means, and sets the first connecting means in a connected state.
The driving force from the power source to the input shaft, the first gear
And transmitting to the output shaft via the second gear.
A first transmission gear set for achieving a first forward speed,  A third gear rotatably supported on the input shaft;,Up
RecordA fourth gear fixed to the output shaft and constantly meshing with the third gear
YaA third gear for selectively connecting the third gear and the input shaft.
It has two connecting means, and the second connecting means is in a connected state.
The driving force is applied to the input shaft, the third gear, and the fourth gear.
Transmission to the output shaft through the
Speed change gear set for achieving speed meansAndA plurality of gears including the first gear set and the second gear set
A plurality of transmission gear sets are provided in parallel in the axial direction.
To achieve multiple forward shifting means Gear transmission
And a second one disposed in parallel with the input shaft and the output shaft.
1 idler gear and on the first idler shaftFor the first idler gear
Enable relative rotationSelect the arranged second idler gear, the first idler gear and the second idler gear
Reverse connectionmeansAnd the input shaft, the output shaft, and the first idler shaft.
A second idler shaft disposed in parallel with the second idler shaft; and a second idler shaft rotatably disposed on the second idler shaft.
Dora gear and the fourth gearAlwaysThe third idler to bite
With gear, And When the vehicle is moving backwards, the reverse connection means is in the connected state.
The driving force is transmitted to the input shaft, the first gear, and the second gear.
Gear, first idler gear, second idler gear The above
To the output shaft via the third idler gear and the fourth gear
Achieving reverse gear by transmitting Characterized by
Reverse mechanism of gear transmission. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the driving force output from the output shaft is left and right.
A differential device for distributing to other vehicles is installed in parallel with the output shaft.
And the input shaft, the first idler shaft, and the second idler
A shaft on the opposite side of the differential device with respect to the output shaft, and
Are arranged along the circumference of the output shaft.
The reverse mechanism of the gear transmission according to claim 1.