JP3334273B2 - Fishway equipment for dams - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fishway facility for guiding fish upstream from a dam to an upstream of the dam.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As fishway facilities provided on embankments, estuaries, etc., there is a fishway which has a step-like waterway or a gate-opening waterway so that fish can go upstream to the weir by themselves. Are known.

[0003]

However, if the above-mentioned waterway-type fishway equipment is installed in a dam with a large weir height typified by a dam for hydroelectric power generation, an appropriate waterway gradient is obtained when fish run up. Therefore, a long waterway is required.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a fishway facility that can guide fish upstream of a dam without providing a long waterway.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems] dam fishway system of the present invention in order to achieve the above object, da as shown in claim 1
A water channel that penetrates from the water storage side wall to the downstream side wall.
In addition to the upper and lower tiers,
A gate for opening and closing the dam is provided on the downstream side wall of the dam.
Near the outlet of each of the above waterways from the riverbed downstream of the dam
Along with a rail that extends to the
A pair of walls are provided so as to sandwich this, and the walls and each of the above waterways
Between the outlets of the upper and lower stages in a gutter-shaped water channel,
A box-shaped fish transfer container that goes up and down along the rail
The fish transport container on the side
A fish that introduces fish that goes up the river when submerged in water
And the fish transfer container on the wall-side surface above
Each of the above gutters when raised to any of the openings in the wall
Form a fish outlet that communicates with the waterway, and
At the entrance to the fish and the exit to the fish, a door is provided to open and close this
In addition, a call to guide fish to the river bottom near the rail
And water means. This allows a long water
Move upstream fish upstream of the dam without forming a path
Guidance can be provided reliably.

[0006] Further , as set forth in claim 2, the fish transfer is performed.
Extends from a lifting mechanism provided with a container above the rail
If it is lifted up and down with a wire, the fish transfer container can be easily
Can move up and down along the rails. Further, claim 3
If the downstream side wall surface of the dam is an inclined surface as shown in
In this case, the wheels that travel on the rails are
If provided, the fish transport container can be raised and lowered smoothly
It becomes possible.

[0007]

According to the fishway device for a dam of the present invention constructed as described above, when the fish transfer container is submerged in the river and the fish entrance is opened, the container is filled with the water of the river and goes up the river. The raised fish are called into the container by the priming means. Thereafter, the fish inlet is closed, and the lifting mechanism is driven to raise the fish transfer container. After stopping the fish transfer container at a position where the fish outlet communicates with the opening of the water channel, the fish outlet is opened and the gate is opened. As a result, the inside of the fish transfer container communicates with the dam lake, and the fish in the fish transfer container can swim and go to the dam lake. Then, when the fish in the fish transfer container has moved to the dam lake, the fish outlet is closed, and the fish transfer container is lowered and lowered to the river, and the above operation is performed again. By repeating this, fish coming up the river can be transferred one after another to the dam lake.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the fishway device for a dam according to the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 (a) is a partially cutaway side view of a dam provided with the fishway device for a dam of the present invention, FIG. 1 (b) is a partial front view, and FIG. 2 is a partial plan view.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the dam 1 has a water storage side wall 1a facing the dam lake 3 as a vertical wall, a downstream side wall 1b facing the river 2 as an inclined wall, and a water storage side wall. Three water passages 5H, 5M, 5L are formed to extend horizontally from 1a to the downstream side wall surface 1b. Among the waterways 5H, 5M, 5L, the highest waterway 5H is provided in accordance with the full water level of the dam 1, and the middle waterway 5M is further lowered according to the predetermined water level FM, which is slightly lower than the predetermined water level FM. The lowest waterway 5L is provided according to the water level FL. Reservoir side wall of each channel 5H, 5M, 5L
The openings 6H, 6M, 6L on the 1a side are provided with gates 7H, 7M, 7L for shutting them off in a watertight manner, respectively. Each gate 7
H, 7M, 7L are attached to the tips of the wires 12 drawn out from the winches 14H, 14M, 14L provided in the machine room 13 at the top of the dam 1, and are not shown by driving the winches 14H, 14M, 14L. It is guided by the guide member and moves up and down to open and close the water channels 5H, 5M, and 5L. These waterways 5H, 5M, 5L are connected to dam 1 as shown in Fig. 1 (b) and Fig. 2.
Are also offset from each other in the length direction of each
The openings 15H, 15M, 15L are horizontally extended by water channels 13H, 13M, 13L provided externally on the downstream side wall surface 1b every 5H, 5M, 5L, and at the same position in the longitudinal direction of the dam 1. Is formed.
The downstream side wall 1b of the dam 1 has a riverbed 2a from its upper end.
A pair of walls 16a and 16b are formed, and the distal ends of the water passages 13H, 13M and 13L are connected to one wall 16a in a penetrating manner, and the openings 15H, 15M and 15L are connected to the one wall 16a. It faces the other wall 16b from the inside. On the downstream side wall surface 1b sandwiched between the walls 16a and 16b, a pair of rails 8 are laid to linearly connect the upper end thereof and the river bottom 2a.
Is provided. The fish transfer container 9 is connected to a wire of an elevating mechanism 18 provided in the machine room 13.
Hanged at 19. The wire 19 has a pair of pulleys attached to the upper end of the fish transfer container 9 as shown in FIG.
The fish transfer container 9 can be moved up and down by changing the feeding length while moving the wire 19 by the elevating mechanism 18. A fish inlet 21 is formed on the front surface 9a of the fish transfer container 9, and a fish outlet 22 is formed on a side surface 9b facing the wall 16a on which the openings 15H, 15M, 15L are formed. The fish outlet 22 is formed at a position that communicates with the openings 15H, 15M, and 15L when the fish transfer container 9 is moved to a predetermined place. The portion of the main body of the fish transfer container 9 other than the fish inlet 21 and the fish outlet 22 is itself watertight, and
Doors 23 and 24 are provided at the fish outlet 22 respectively.
The upper end of the door 23 provided at the fish entrance 21 is the fish transfer container 9.
And is pivoted up and down by an opening and closing mechanism (not shown) to open and close the fish inlet 21. The periphery of the fish entrance 21 is bordered by a seal member 25 that contacts the door 23 to prevent water leakage. On the other hand, a door 24 provided at the fish outlet 22 is supported by a U-shaped guide member 26 so as to be movable up and down, and is moved up and down by an opening / closing mechanism (not shown) to open and close the fish outlet 22. ing. A seal member (not shown) for preventing water leakage is also provided inside the guide member 26. An opening / closing mechanism (not shown) for moving the doors 23 and 24 of the fish inlet 21 and the fish outlet 22 includes:
Winches 14H, 14 for opening and closing the gates 7H, 7M, 7L
Machine room with M, 14L and elevating mechanism 18 for fish transfer container 9
13, the doors 23 and 24 can be opened and closed by wire operation. The downstream side wall surface 1b of the dam 1
A pair of right and left water outlets 27 are provided near the river bottom 2a so as to face the downstream side of the river 2. These water outlets 27 are located on the left and right sides of the fish inlet 21 when the fish transfer container 9 is moved to the river bottom 2a, and are used to discharge priming water to draw the fish in the river 2 into the fish transfer container 9. Thus, the water in the dam lake 3 is discharged at a predetermined flow rate through a pipe 28 provided in the dam 1.

In the fishway apparatus of this embodiment configured as described above, when the fish transfer container 9 is submerged in the river 2 and the door 23 of the fish inlet 21 is opened, the inside of the container 9 becomes a river. The fish that have been filled with the water of No. 2
, And is called into the container 9. Thereafter, the door 23 of the fish inlet 21 is closed, and the lifting mechanism 18 is driven to raise the fish transfer container 9. When the dam 1 is at the full water level FH, the fish transfer container 9 is stopped at a position where the fish outlet 22 communicates with the opening 15H of the waterway 5H, and then the fish outlet 9 is stopped.
Open the door 24 of 22 and open the gate 7H. Thereby, the inside of the fish transfer container 9 communicates with the dam lake 3, and the fish in the fish transfer container 9 can swim and go to the dam lake 3. Then, when the fish in the fish transfer container 9 has moved to the dam lake 3, the fish outlet 22 is closed, the fish transfer container 9 is lowered and lowered to the river 2, and the above operation is performed again. By repeating this, fish coming upstream from the river 2 can be transferred to the dam lake 3 one after another.

In the fishway device of this embodiment, the fishes are brought into the fish transfer container 9 which moves up and down along the downstream side wall 1b of the dam 1 and transferred to the dam lake 3, so that it is not necessary to provide a long water channel. Since the fish can always be transported together with the water of the river 2, the fish can be transported safely. Also, three different storage levels F
Water channels 5H, 5M, and 5L are provided for H, FM, and FL respectively, so when the water level of dam 1 drops and the highest water channel 5H cannot be used, use the middle water channel 5M below it. When the water level further drops and the middle waterway 5M cannot be used, the lowest waterway 5L below the waterway 5L can be used to cope with a change in the water storage level of the dam 1. Therefore, if a water channel is provided below the water channel 5L, it is possible to cope with a larger change in water level.

In the above embodiment, an application example in which the downstream side wall surface 1b of the dam 1 is an inclined surface has been described.
The fishway device of the present invention can also be applied to a case where the downstream side wall surface 1b is a vertical wall surface. In that case, the running wheels 17 of the fish transfer container 9
May be omitted, but it is necessary to take some measures to prevent shaking when the fish transfer container 9 is moved up and down.

[0014]

In summary, the fishway device for a dam of the present invention accommodates fish that has traveled up the river in a fish transfer container that moves up and down along the downstream side wall of the dam and transfers the fish to the dam lake. It is not necessary to provide a simple waterway, and it can be effectively applied to a dam with a high weir.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (a) is a partially broken side view showing an example of a dam to which the fishway device for a dam of the present invention is applied, FIG. 1 (b) is a partial front view, and FIG. 1 (c) is an enlarged perspective view of a main part. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the dam shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Dam 1a Reservoir side wall 1b Downstream side wall 2 River 2a Riverbed 5H Waterway 5M Waterway 5L Waterway 7H Gate 7M Gate 7L Gate 8 Rail 9 Fish transfer container 15H Opening 15M Opening 15L Opening 17 Wheel 18 Lifting mechanism 19 Wire 21 Fish Inlet 22 Fish outlet 23 Door 24 Door 27 Outlet (priming means) FH Water level (full water level) FM Water level FL Water level

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A dam, from a water storage side wall surface to a downstream side wall surface.
Water passages that penetrate into
A gate is provided on the water storage side of the road to open and close it.
On the downstream side wall, near the outlet of each of the above waterways, downstream of the dam
A rail extending from the riverbed to the top of the dam.
A pair of walls are provided on both sides of the rail so as to sandwich it.
The upper part of the wall and the outlet of each of the above waterways are connected in multiple stages by a gutter-like waterway.
Through which, on the other hand, a box shape that rises and falls along the rail
Fish transfer container, and the fish transfer container
And when it is submerged in the river, it goes up the river
A fish inlet for introducing fish and the above-mentioned wall-side surface
The fish transfer container was raised to one of the openings in the above wall
Sometimes form a fish outlet that communicates with each of the trough-shaped channels
At the same time, open and close these at the fish entrance and fish exit
Door, and fish near the bottom of the rail.
A fishway device for a dam, comprising a priming means for guiding . 2. The fish transfer container is placed above the rail.
And lift it up and down with wires extending from the lifting mechanism
The fishway device for a dam according to claim 1 , wherein the fishway device is provided. 3. The downstream side wall surface of the dam is an inclined surface,
This provided a wheel traveling on a rail in the fish transport container
The fishway device for a dam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: