JP3330909B2 - Data processing device and recording medium recording data processing program - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention processes a plurality of position data indicating the positions of a moving body which are temporally continuous, and stores position data indicating a moving point of the moving body, and a staying point of the moving body. The present invention relates to a data processing apparatus that classifies data into position data indicating a data processing program and a recording medium that stores a data processing program.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When studying a traffic plan such as a public transportation network such as a road or a train in an arbitrary area, traffic demand in the area must be predicted. Normally, data obtained by statistically processing traffic behavior (movement or stay) in the area obtained from many people is used for prediction of traffic demand. For this reason, if individual traffic behavior cannot be accurately acquired, traffic demand cannot be predicted properly, and as a result, an appropriate traffic plan cannot be advanced.

[0003] Conventionally, as a means for acquiring individual traffic behavior, it has been common practice to hand out a questionnaire to a subject, have the subject fill in the traffic behavior, and collect the questionnaire.

[0004]

However, the subject writes his / her traffic behavior in the questionnaire given based on his / her own memory. Mistakes are inevitable (especially,
Mistakes are likely to occur when entering the time. ), It was difficult to acquire the traffic behavior of the subject in detail and accurately. Further, if the question items for the subject are further subdivided, detailed data can be obtained. However, as the number of question items increases, the burden on the subject increases, and entry errors further increase (subjects of the subject increase). The traffic behavior cannot be obtained accurately.)

[0005] Further, there is a problem that it takes time and effort to input data to a data processing device for performing statistical processing based on a survey form entered by a subject, and the cost for predicting traffic demand is high.

An object of the present invention is to pay attention to a technology for detecting the position of a moving object using PHS, GPS, or the like, and to carry the moving object to the subject instead of asking the subject about traffic behavior. By acquiring a plurality of temporally continuous position data associated with the traffic behavior of the subject at the same time, and accurately determining the movement or stay of the subject from the acquired position data, it is possible to accurately obtain the traffic behavior of the subject. It is an object of the present invention to provide a data processing device and a recording medium on which a data processing program is recorded.

[0007]

A data processing apparatus according to the present invention has the following arrangement to solve the above-mentioned problems.

(1) position data acquisition means for acquiring a plurality of position data indicating the position of a moving body that is temporally continuous;
For each position data acquired by the position data acquisition means is the position data indicating the moving point of the moving body is moving, or the position data indicating the staying point during stay, a control unit that determines The control unit, when the position indicated by the position data is a position within a predetermined range set based on the position data earlier in time than the position data, indicates the position data as the stay point Stay point determining means for determining that the position data is position data, and a position indicated by two temporally consecutive position data within a predetermined range set based on position data temporally earlier than these position data. Moving point determining means for determining, when the position is not the position, the temporally earlier position data of the two temporally consecutive position data as the position data indicating the moving point;

(2) The control unit has noise determination means for determining that the position data determined to be neither the stay point nor the movement point is noise data affected by noise.

(3) The control section has means for setting the size of the predetermined range based on the position data determined to be the stay point.

[0011] (4) The control unit is configured to control the position data at the time of stay acquired by the position data acquiring means and the time of movement.
Out of multiple location data, including location data in
By selecting the position data to be stored in the storage unit,
Data aggregation means for integrating the plurality of position data .

In the above configuration (1), the position data obtaining means obtains temporally continuous position data indicating the position of the moving body. Technologies for detecting the position of a moving object include GPS (Global Positioning System) and PHS, which detect the position (latitude and longitude) of the moving object using radio waves from artificial satellites.
(Personal Handyphone System) technology and the like have already been put to practical use, and by using this technology, the position of a moving object can be detected continuously in time. For example, if the mobile object (for example, PHS) is carried by the subject, the position of the subject can be detected continuously in time.

The control unit determines, for each position data acquired by the position data acquisition means, whether the data is position data indicating a moving point during which the moving body is moving or position data indicating a staying point during stay. I do. Here, when the moving body is staying, the position indicated by the detected position data is an almost constant position only with a change accompanying the position detection accuracy, but it is detected that the moving body is moving. The position indicated by the position data is greatly changed. From this, if the position indicated by the position data is within a predetermined range set based on the position data that is earlier in time than the position data, the position data is the position data indicating the stay point.

However, in the detection of the position of the moving object, the position indicated by the detected position data sometimes indicates a position significantly different from the actual position of the moving object due to the influence of noise. When the position data is not within a predetermined range set based on the position data that is earlier in time than the position data, the position data is not necessarily the position data indicating the moving point. It is very unlikely that the received position data will be continuous in time. Therefore, in the above configuration, when the position indicated by the two temporally consecutive position data is not within the predetermined range set based on the position data that is temporally earlier than the position data, the temporal Is determined as the position data indicating the moving point, which is the earlier position data of the two position data successive to. As a result, it is possible to prevent the position data affected by the noise from being determined as the moving point.

According to the above-described processing, it is possible to accurately determine, for each position data acquired by the position data acquiring means, whether the data is the position data indicating the stay point or the moving point.

In the configuration (2), the position data affected by the noise is determined to be noise.

In the configuration (3), when the moving body is staying as described above, the position indicated by the detected position data is an almost constant position only with a change accompanying the position detection accuracy. Thus, by setting the size of the predetermined range based on the position data determined to be the stay point, the size of the predetermined range can be set to a size corresponding to the position detection accuracy.

In the above configuration (4), the position data of the moving object acquired by the position data acquiring means is aggregated. For example, if the position data at the time of stay is not particularly necessary, the position data is thinned out, and if the position data at the time of movement is not particularly necessary, the position data is thinned out. Thereby, the storage capacity of the necessary position data can be reduced.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. This embodiment is an example in which a PHS (Personal Handyphone System) is used as a moving object in the present invention. First, a technique for detecting the position of a moving object using PHS will be briefly described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a position detection system using a PHS. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a PHS carried by the subject. PHS1
Is a base station 2 (2-1 to 2-
The arrangement density of n) is high (in urban areas, they are arranged approximately every 100 m, and are arranged in various places such as underground malls, subway premises, and buildings). Further, the PHS 1 always keeps track of the IDs of the base stations and the electric field strength for the plurality of base stations 2. Reference numeral 3 denotes a center, which has, for each base station, data in which an ID is associated with a position where the base station is located.
The position (latitude, longitude) of the PHS1 at this timing (time) can be specified by acquiring the electric field strength. Reference numeral 10 denotes a data processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The position data of S1 is obtained.

The center 3 repeats P at appropriate timing.
By acquiring the above information (IDs of a plurality of base stations 2 and electric field strengths) from the HS 1, the temporally continuous PHS
One position data can be obtained. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of position data in which time, latitude, and longitude are associated can be obtained. The date and time are the time when the above information was obtained from the PHS1, and the latitude and longitude are values calculated in the center 3. The position data I (N) is given a sequence number (N = 1, 2,... N) in time order.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a data processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The data processing device 10 includes a control unit 11 that controls the operation of the main body, and a storage unit 12 that stores position data and the like of the PHS1, which is a mobile unit.
And an operation unit 13 provided with a keyboard for performing an input operation
And a display unit 14 for displaying a screen or the like accompanying the input, and a communication unit 15 for communicating with the center 3.

FIG. 4A shows a position-time map of the PHS 1 acquired from the center 3 by the data processing apparatus 10 of this embodiment in a spatiotemporal map. Data processing device 1
In the case of 0, by performing the processing described later, it is determined whether each position data is a moving point, a stay point, or noise as shown in FIG. 4B. Further, the data processing device 10
Also has a function of aggregating the position data of the PHS1 acquired according to the purpose. For example, if it is necessary to know the movement route of the subject, stay points (however, stay start points are not thinned out) are thinned out from the acquired position data.
Aggregation as shown in (A). In addition, if it is necessary to know where the subject has moved from to where (if it is not necessary to know the movement route), the position data other than the stay end point and the movement completion point are thinned out from the acquired position data. B)
Aggregate as shown in By aggregating the position data of the PHS 1 acquired from the center 3 in this way, the storage unit 12
Storage capacity can be reduced.

Hereinafter, the operation of the data processing apparatus 10 according to this embodiment will be described. The data processing device 10 of this embodiment communicates with the center 3 to
PHS1 (PHS1) shown in FIG.
A plurality of pieces of position data I (N) indicating the position of the subject (e.g., a subject carrying the information) are acquired, and these position data I (N) are stored in the storage unit 12. The data processing device 10 includes a storage unit 12
A plurality of temporally continuous position data I (N) stored in
For each position data I
It is determined whether (N) is a moving position (moving point), a staying position (stay point), or a noise (N).

FIGS. 6 and 7 are flowcharts showing a process for determining whether each position data is a moving position or a staying position. The data processing device 10 determines whether the position data I (N) (N is a sequence number) of the PHS 1 is a staying point or a moving point in time order. Since there is no previous position data in the position data I (1), it is determined that the position data is a stay point for convenience. The control unit 11 controls the position data I to be determined.
The sequence number N of (N) is set to N = 2 (n1),
The position indicated by the position data I (1) having the first sequence number is set as the determination position P (n2). Control unit 11
Calculates the distance X between the determination position P and the position indicated by the position data I (N) (n3), and determines whether the distance X is less than a predetermined determination value ε (n4). . Here, the distance X is a linear distance between the positions indicated by the two positions (the determination position P and the position data In to be determined), and the distance X can be calculated by using the latitude and longitude of the two positions. .

Here, when the subject is staying, the position indicated by the position data of the PHS 1 detected at this time is almost constant only with a change accompanying the position detection accuracy. Determines the position data I (N) to be determined as the stay point when the distance X is smaller than the determination value ε (n5), and uses the position data I (N) determined to be the stay point here. The determination position P is updated (n6).

A method of calculating the determination position P at n6 will be described. The determination position P is position data that is temporally earlier than the position data I (N) determined to be a stay point at n5, and is a stay point after the position data last determined to be a movement point. It is the average position of the positions indicated by all the position data determined as. Here, the average position is a position indicated by the average latitude (average value) of the latitude data indicated by each position data and the average longitude (average value) of the longitude data. Specifically, when it is determined that all of the S consecutive time data pieces before the time t are the stay points (the S consecutive piece of time data before the time t is completely moved). The position indicated by the average latitude of the latitude data indicated by the S position data and the average longitude of the longitude data are determined as the judgment position P.

Since the determination position P is determined in this way, the influence of the position detection accuracy in position detection using the PHS1 can be suppressed, and the stay point can be accurately determined.

When the control unit 11 updates the average position P,
Sequence number N of position data I (N) to be determined
Is incremented by 1 (n7), the process returns to n3, and the above processing is repeated. As described above, the data processing device 10
When the position indicated by the position data I (N) to be determined is away from the determination position P calculated from a plurality of position data that is earlier than this, the distance X is smaller than the determination value ε as shown in FIG. Then, it is determined that the position data I (N) to be determined is a stay point.

On the other hand, if it is determined at n4 that the distance X is equal to or greater than the determination value ε, the determination position P and the position data I (N +
1) The distance X between the positions indicated by (1) and (2) is calculated (n8), and it is determined whether or not the distance X is smaller than a predetermined determination value ε (n9). If the distance X is less than the determination value ε, the position data I (N) is determined to be noise, and the position data I (N + 1) is determined to be a stay point (n10, n11).

As described above, the data processing apparatus 10 determines that the position data I (N) is a moving point only when the position data I (N) indicates a position separated from the judgment position P by the judgment value ε or more. If the position data I (N + 1) that is temporally continuous and indicates a position separated from the determination position P by the determination value ε or more as described later is not determined,
It is determined that (N) is a moving point. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the position data I (N) affected by noise is not determined to be a moving point, and this position data can be processed as noise.

When the position data I (N + 1) is determined to be the stay point at n11, the determination position P is updated using the position data I (N + 1) (n12). At this time, the position data I (N) determined to be noise is not used for calculating the determination position P. The control unit 11 determines the determination position P
Is updated, the sequence number N of the position data I (N) to be determined is counted up by 2 (I (N + 1) is already determined to be the stay point) (n1)
3) Return to n3 and repeat the above processing.

When the data processing device 10 determines at step n9 that the distance X between the determined position P and the position indicated by the position data I (N + 1) is greater than or equal to the determined value ε, the data processor 10 converts the position data I (N). It is determined that the point is the movement point, and the time of the position data I (N-1) is set as the movement start time (n14,
n15). In addition, I (N-1) is a moving point (moving start point).
However, in this embodiment, it is referred to as a stay point (stay end point). The stay end point and the movement start point are the same position data.

As described above, the control unit 11 outputs two temporally continuous position data I (N) and I (N + 1).
When indicating a position separated from the judgment position P by the judgment value ε or more, the position data I (N) is judged to be a moving point (see FIG. 10).

Next, the data processing device 10 calculates the distance between the positions indicated by the position data I (N) and I (N + 1) (n16), and the distance X is smaller than a predetermined judgment value ε. Is determined (n17). If the distance X is less than the determination value ε, the position data I (N + 1) is determined to be the stay point, and the time of the position data I (N) is set as the movement completion time (n18, n19). Although the position data I (N) may be said to be a stay point (stay start point), it is determined here as a movement point (movement end point). The movement end point and the stay start point are positions indicated by the same position data. The data processing device 10 sets the average position indicated by the position data I (N) and the position data I (N + 1) as the judgment position P (n20), and counts the sequence number N of the position data I (N) to be judged as 2 (N21), and returns to n3 to repeat the above processing.

If it is determined at n17 that the distance X between the positions indicated by the position data I (N) and the position data I (N + 1) is equal to or larger than the judgment value ε, the position data I (N) and the position data I (N + 1) are determined.
The distance X between the positions indicated by (N + 2) is calculated (n2
2) It is determined whether or not the distance X is equal to or greater than the determination value ε (n23). If the distance X is less than the determination value ε, the position data I (N + 1) is determined to be noise, and the position data I (N + 2) is determined to be a stay point (n24, n25). Further, the data processing device 10
The time of the position data I (N) is set as the movement completion time (n2
6), the average position indicated by the position data I (N) and the position data I (N + 2) is set as the judgment position P (n27), and the sequence number N of the position data I (N) to be judged is counted up by 3 ( n28), returning to n3 and repeating the above processing.

By the above processing, as shown in FIG. 11, the next position data I (N) indicating the movement completion point
When (N + 1) is affected by noise, the position data I (N + 1) can be processed as noise.

On the other hand, when the data processing device 10 determines in n23 that the distance X is equal to or greater than the determination value ε, the data processing device 10 determines that the position data I (N + 1) is a moving point and (n2
9) The sequence number N of the position data I (N) to be determined is counted up by 1 (n30), and the process returns to n16 to repeat the above processing.

This process is completed when the stay point, the moving point, or the noise is determined for all the position data of the PHS 1 acquired from the host device 3.

By the above processing, the data processing apparatus 10 stores the staying point (S) and the moving point (S) in a plurality of time-continuous position data (position data shown in FIG. 2) of the PHS 1 acquired from the host apparatus 3. M) or noise (N) can be labeled (FIG. 1).
2 (A)). Here, if the purpose is to know the movement route of the subject carrying the PHS1, the stay point (excluding the stay start point and the stay end point) and the data shown in FIG. Can be aggregated. Also, if the purpose is to know where the subject has moved from to where (if it is not necessary to know the movement route), FIG.
As shown in (1), data can be aggregated into data consisting of a movement start point and a movement end point. Note that the position data I (1) is not thinned out in order to know the timing at which the position detection of the subject is started. Thereby, the storage capacity of the position data I (N) of the PHS1 in the storage unit 12 can be reduced.

Further, the determination value ε may be updated using a temporally continuous stay point (a plurality of continuous position data from the stay start point to the stay end point). FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a process of updating the determination value ε. The storage unit 12 stores the determination value ε and the number (data number) I of stay points used to determine the determination value ε. The data processing device 10 generates position data I of temporally continuous stay points (from a stay start point to a stay end point).
(N) is extracted (n41). In n41, position data determined to be noise is not extracted. The data processing device 10 calculates the average position P of the position data extracted at n41 (n42), and calculates the distance X from the average position P calculated at n42 for each position data extracted at n41 (n43). Further, the average value Y of X calculated in n43 is calculated (n44).

Then, the control unit 11 calculates the average value Y calculated in n44, the number N of position data used to calculate the average value Y, the judgment value ε stored in the storage unit 12, and the judgment value ε. Using the number of stay points I used to determine ε, a determination value ε _new to be updated is calculated from the following equation (n45).

Ε _new = ((ε × I) + (Y × N)) / (I + N) where ε is a determination value stored in the storage unit 12.

Further, the control unit 11 calculates the judgment value ε with respect to the judgment value ε stored in the storage unit 12 and the number I of stay points used for determining the judgment value ε by using ε _new calculated by the above n45. And update the number of stay points I to I
+ N is updated (n46, n47).

Therefore, since the determination value ε can be set to a size corresponding to the measurement accuracy of position detection, it is possible to determine movement / stay with higher accuracy for a plurality of temporally continuous position data. Further, the judgment value ε is stored in the storage unit 12.
Since the number I of stay point data used to determine the determination value ε is stored while being updated, the storage capacity required for storing these data can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the movement / stay is determined based on the position data detected by using the PHS1, but the position data acquired by the data processing apparatus 10 is obtained by using another position detection technique such as GPS. It may be.

As described above, it is possible to accurately determine whether a moving point is a moving point or a staying point with respect to a plurality of position data indicating the position of a moving body that is temporally continuous. By using the position detection technology, the traffic behavior of the subject carrying the moving object can be accurately determined, and the cost for predicting traffic demand can be significantly reduced.

[0047]

As described above, according to the present invention, when two temporally consecutive positions deviate from a predetermined range, it is determined that a movement has occurred, so that the influence of noise is suppressed. In addition, the movement / stay of the moving object can be accurately classified.

In addition, since the center is set to be the average position of the positions indicated by the plurality of position data classified as the moving object being staying, the influence of the measurement accuracy in the position detecting technique of the moving object is suppressed. The movement / stay of the moving object can be classified.

Further, since the position data of the moving object obtained by the position data obtaining means is aggregated, the required capacity of the position data can be reduced.

Further, since the size of the predetermined range is determined using the position data determined to be staying, the size is set to a size corresponding to the measurement accuracy in the position detection technology of the moving body. Therefore, the movement / stay of the moving object can be classified with higher accuracy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a position detection system using a PHS.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing PHS position data acquired from a center.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a data processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing PHS position data acquired from a center in a spatiotemporal map.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing PHS position data acquired from a center, as a spatiotemporal map after aggregation.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a determination process in the data processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a determination process in the data processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating determination of a stay point.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the determination of noise.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating determination of a moving point.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the determination of noise.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing position data of a PHS after a discrimination process.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a process of updating a determination value ε.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1-PHS 2-base station 3-center 10-data processing device 11-control unit 12-storage unit 13-operation unit 14-display unit 15-communication unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page Examiner Yoshie Sasaki (56) References JP-A-9-273936 (JP, A) JP-A-2-35312 (JP, A) JP-A-5-45438 (JP, A) JP-A-4-369682 (JP, A) JP-A-5-306940 (JP, A) JP-A-59-206864 (JP, A) JP-A-5-25476 (JP, U) JP-A-5-90532 (JP, U) JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G08G 1/00-1/16

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A position data obtaining means for obtaining a plurality of position data indicating a position of a moving object which is continuous in time, and a moving point at which the moving object is moving for each position data obtained by the position data obtaining means. Or a control unit that determines whether the position data is a position data indicating a stay point during a stay.The control unit determines that the position indicated by the position data is temporally longer than the position data. A stay point determining means for determining that the position data is the position data indicating the stay point when the position data is within a predetermined range set based on the early position data; When the position indicated by the data is not within the above-mentioned predetermined range set based on the position data that is earlier than these position data, the earlier of the two temporally consecutive position data is used. A moving point determining unit that determines that the position data is position data indicating the moving point. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit has a noise determination unit that determines that the position data determined to be neither the stay point nor the movement point is noise data affected by noise. Data processing device. 3. The data processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit has a unit that sets the size of the predetermined range based on position data determined to be a stay point. 4. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the position data at the time of stay acquired by the position data acquisition means and the position data at the time of movement.
A plurality of storage from among the position data including the kick position data
By selecting the position data to be stored in the
The data processing device according to claim 1, further comprising a data aggregation unit that aggregates the plurality of position data . 5. A first step of acquiring a plurality of position data indicating a position of a moving object that is temporally continuous, and setting a position indicated by the position data based on position data that is earlier in time than the position data. A second step of determining that the position data is a position data indicating a staying point during which the moving body is staying when the position is within the predetermined range, and two time data consecutive in time. Is not within the predetermined range set based on the position data that is earlier in time than these position data, the time earlier in the two temporally consecutive position data A third step of determining that the position data is position data indicating a moving point during which the moving body is moving, wherein the data processing program is recorded.