JP3327590B2 - Electrophotographic equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor and an electrophotographic apparatus, and more particularly to an electrophotographic apparatus using an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a surface protective layer and having excellent environmental resistance and durability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, an organic photoconductor having a photosensitive layer made of an organic photoconductor has been widely used as an electrophotographic photoconductor. Conventionally, low sensitivity, low durability, O ₃ , N
O _X there was a weak such problems for such an atmosphere, is being abovementioned disadvantages are overcome by the improvements, and the like of the material.

It has been proposed to provide a surface protective layer on the photosensitive layer in order to further increase the durability. In particular, it has been proposed to disperse a substance having high water repellency and slipperiness inside the protective layer. For example, by using a surface protective layer containing fine particles of a fluorine atom-containing resin, the surface slipperiness is improved, so that the frictional resistance with the cleaning blade is reduced and the shaving amount at room temperature is reduced as compared with the conventional case.

[0004]

However, under high temperature and high humidity, the slipperiness of the surface protective layer surface is lower than that at normal temperature. Therefore, the frictional resistance with the cleaning blade tends to increase. As another fact, the detailed reason is unknown, but there is a case where the amount of shaving decreases in this environment. As a result, ion products, paper components, and the like tend to adhere, and the slipperiness of the surface is further deteriorated.

[0005] Therefore, if the paper threading is continued in this environment, the frictional resistance between the blade and the surface of the photoreceptor increases due to the two reasons described above, which causes abnormal noise to the blade, causing the blade to fly and the like. Has a high probability of inversion of the blade.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, 1) the surface of the photoconductor is further pressed by a cleaning device such as a cleaning blade. 2) The photoconductor is scraped off like a polishing material is added to the toner to eliminate the curl of the blade. However, even in an environment other than high temperature and high humidity, the shaving amount of the photoreceptor increases, so that high durability, which is the greatest merit of providing a surface protective layer, is sacrificed.

[0007]

Therefore, in the present invention, means for increasing the surface lubricity is applied to a portion, such as a cleaning blade, which is pressed against the photosensitive member. By doing so, an increase in frictional resistance with the surface of the photoreceptor under high temperature and high humidity was suppressed, and the curling of the blade was eliminated. Further, since the frictional resistance between the surface of the photosensitive member and the blade at normal temperature is further reduced, the amount of shaving of the photosensitive member at normal temperature is further reduced, and the durability is increased.

[0008] That is, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a conductive support comprising at least a photosensitive layer, a polycarbonate resin , fine particles of a fluorine-containing resin and 5- [4- (di-p-tolylamino) benzylidene] -5H-dibenzo [a, d An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a surface protective layer containing cycloheptene and the surface of the photoreceptor are pressed against each other, and the urethane blade is placed on a urethane blade.
Resin selected from polyamide resin and polyimide resin
Fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles, a fluorinated carbon or silicone resin particles have a surface layer containing dispersed in, said surface
An electrophotographic apparatus comprising a cleaning device in which a surface layer is pressed against the surface of the photoreceptor .

As described above, according to the present invention, a polycarbonate
Fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles are dispersed by using a nitrate resin , 5- [4- (di-p-tolylamino) benzylidene] -5H-dibenzo [a, d] cycloheptene is contained, and a urethane cleaning blade is pressed. The site is selected from polyamide resin and polyimide resin
Fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles, carbon fluoride
By providing a surface layer containing dispersed silicone resin particles , the frictional resistance between the two is reduced, thereby improving the durability and eliminating blade turn-up under high temperature and high humidity. The present invention has provided a photosensitive member having high durability and high durability, and an electrophotographic apparatus including the same.

As a material to be applied to a portion to be pressed against the photoreceptor, a material in which a highly water-repellent and highly slippery substance is dispersed in a binder resin can be considered.

As a material having high water repellency and high slipperiness, there are fine particles of resin containing fluorine atoms. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polydichlorodifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer It is composed of one or more selected from the group consisting of a polymer and a tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer.

Others include CF, C ₂ F, comb silicon, (R ₁ R ₂ R ₃ SiO _1/2 ) _l (R ₄ R ₅ SiO _2/2 ) _m (R ₆ SiO _3/2 ) _n ( SiO _4/2 ) _o (l, m, n are not 0 at the same time, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₆ is a perfluoroalkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms) siloxane gel fine particles.

As the binder resin for dispersing a substance having high water repellency and slipperiness, polyamide resin and polyimide resin are used.
The selected resin is used.

[0014] As a cleaning means, a cleaning blade can be considered first, and as the other means, a roller or the like can be considered. A blade roller or the like may be applied to the surface.

The photosensitive layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention contains at least a charge generation material and a charge transport material. Examples of charge generating materials include phthalocyanine pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, trisazo pigments, disazo pigments, azo pigments, perylene pigments, indigo pigments, quinacridone pigments, azulhenium salt dyes, squalium dyes, cyanine dyes, pyrylium dyes, thiopyrylium dyes, xanthene Dyes, quinone imine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, styryl dyes, and the like.

Examples of the charge transport material include a pyrene compound,
N-alkylcarbazole compounds, hydrazone compounds,
N, N-dialkylaniline compounds, diphenylamine compounds, triphenylamine compounds, triphenylmethane compounds, pyrazoline compounds, styryl compounds, stilbene compounds, polynitro compounds, polycyano compounds, and pendant polymers in which these compounds are fixed on polymers Is mentioned.

In many cases, the charge generation material, the charge transport material, and the like are dispersed and contained in a binder resin binder having film forming properties to form a photosensitive layer and the like. Such binder resin binders include polyester, polyurethane, polyarylate, polyethylene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polycarbonate, polyamide,
Polypropylene, polyimide, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, urea resin,
Examples include allyl resin, alkyd resin, polyamide-imide, nylon, polysulfone, polyallyl ether, polyacetal, and butyral resin.

Next, the layer constitution of the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention will be described. The conductive support is made of iron, copper, gold, silver, aluminum, zinc, titanium, lead, nickel, tin, antimony,
A metal or alloy such as indium, or an oxide, carbon, or conductive polymer of the metal can be used.
The shapes include a drum shape such as a cylindrical shape and a column shape, and a belt shape and a sheet shape. The conductive material may be formed as it is, used as a paint, deposited, or processed by etching or plasma processing. In the case of a paint, not only the above-mentioned metals and alloys but also paper, plastic and the like are used as a support.

The photosensitive layer of the photoreceptor of the present invention may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure. The thickness is 10
It is 35 μm, preferably 15 to 30 μm.

In the case of the laminated structure, the charge generating layer and the charge transport layer are at least composed of a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer. The charge polarity and the charge polarity are different between the case where the charge generation layer is provided on the conductive support side and the case where the charge transport layer is provided. The toner polarity differs. 0.001 μm to 6 μm as the thickness of the charge generation layer
And more preferably 0.01 μm to 2 μm. The content of the charge generating material contained in the charge generating layer can be 10 to 100% by weight, and more preferably 50 to 100% by weight. The thickness of the charge transport layer is obtained by subtracting the thickness of the charge generation layer from the thickness of the photosensitive layer. The content of the charge transporting material contained in the charge transporting layer is 20 to 80% by weight, and more preferably 30 to 70% by weight.

An undercoat layer may be provided between the conductive support and the photosensitive layer. The undercoat layer functions as a charge injection control at the interface and as an adhesive layer. The undercoat layer is mainly composed of a binder resin, but the metal or alloy, or an oxide or salt thereof,
It may contain a surfactant and the like. Specific examples of the binder resin forming the undercoat layer include polyester, polyurethane, polyarylate, polyethylene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polypropylene, polyimide, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, urea resin, Examples include allyl resin, alkyd resin, polyamide-imide, nylon, polysulfone, polyallyl ether, polyacetal, and butyral resin. The thickness of the undercoat layer is 0.05 μm to 7 μm, and more preferably 0.1 μm to 7 μm.
It is 1 μm to 2 μm.

The surface protective layer is always provided on the photosensitive layer.
The surface protective layer contains fine particles of a resin containing a fluorine atom, a charge transport material and a resin.
Is used . The thickness of the surface protective layer is 0.05 to 15 μm
And preferably in the range of 1 to 10 μm.

The surface protective layer is used as a charge transport material.
5- [4- (di-p-tolylamino) benzylidene]-
Add 5H-dibenzo [a, d] cycloheptene.

Examples of the fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles include polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polydichlorodifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer, and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene. It is composed of one or more selected from the group consisting of a copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer, and a tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer. .

The content of the fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles in the surface protective layer is 5 to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the surface protective layer.
It is preferable that

As a method for producing the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, methods such as vapor deposition and coating are used. The coating method can form films of various compositions in a wide range from a thin film to a thick film. Specifically, a bar coater,
It is applied by means such as knife coater, dip coating, spray coating, beam coating, electrostatic coating, roll coater, attritor, powder coating and the like.

The paint used in coating the surface protective layer, the binder resin and a solvent can be obtained by containing the fluorine atom-containing resin particles and the charge transport material. As a dispersing method, a method such as a ball mill, an ultrasonic wave, a paint shaker, a red devil, and a sand mill is used. The same dispersion method can be used when the conductive fine powder, the pigment, and the charge generating material are pigments.

[0028]

EXAMPLE 1 After mixing and dissolving 10 parts by weight of nylon (M-4000: manufactured by Toray), 100 parts by weight of methanol and 90 parts by weight of isopropanol, an outer diameter of 80 mm, a wall thickness of 1.5 mm and a length of 363 mm were obtained. It was dip-coated on an aluminum cylinder and dried at 90 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a 2.0 μm undercoat layer.

Next, the structural formula

[0030]

Embedded image Of trisazo pigment, 5 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin (bisphenol A type, Mn20000) and 600 parts by weight of cyclohexanone were dispersed by a sand mill to obtain a paint for a charge generation layer. This paint was dip-coated on the undercoat layer and dried at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a 0.15 μm charge generation layer.

Next, the structural formula

[0032]

Embedded image 50 parts by weight of a charge transport material, 50 parts by weight of polycarbonate (bisphenol Z type, Mn: 25000) and 800 parts by weight of monochlorobenzene were dispersed in a ball mill,
A paint for a charge transport layer was obtained. This paint was dip-coated on the charge generation layer and dried at 130 ° C. for 80 minutes to form a charge transport layer of 22 μm.

Next, 2 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles (Lubron L-5: manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.)
Polycarbonate resin (bisphenol Z type: Mn25
000) 5.5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight of the charge transporting material of the above structural formula (1) and 500 parts by weight of dichloromethane were dispersed in a sand mill to obtain a coating for a protective layer. 2. This paint was applied on the charge transport layer by dip coating and dried at 110 ° C. for 50 minutes.
A 5 μm surface protection layer was formed.

The drum prepared as described above was mounted on the color copying machine shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, a drum cleaner portion 8 was mounted with a cleaning blade made of urethane having a surface coated with 20% by weight of carbon fluoride dispersed in nylon resin.

Example 2 In Example 1, the composition of the surface protective layer was changed to 5 parts by weight of fine particles of polychlorotrifluoroethylene and 2 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin (bisphenol Z type: Mn25000).
-[4- (di-p-triaminobenzylidene)]-5H
-2 parts by weight of dibenzo [ad] cyclopentane.

Example 3 In Example 2, 3.5 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride was used as the fluorine-containing resin fine particles.

Example 4 In Example 1, 30 parts of polydichlorodifluoroethylene was used as a water repellent and lubricating component on the cleaning blade.
What was dispersed by weight% was applied.

Example 5 In Example 1, the binder resin used for the cleaning blade was polyimide instead of nylon resin.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 In Example 1, the photosensitive member had no surface protective layer.
The blade was also a polyurethane blade.

Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 1, the photosensitive member was the same as in Example 1.

In Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2,
The paper was threaded by the color copying machine shown in FIG. The amount of film shaving under normal temperature and normal humidity was as follows.

Examples 1 to 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Shaving amount (μm / 10,000 sheets) 1.2 to 1.6 6.3 2.1 For Examples 1 to 5, the shaving amount was extremely small and the durability was low. Rich in sex.

Next, in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, paper passing was performed under high temperature and high humidity.

[0044]

[Table 1] The endurance of 20,000 sheets was tried respectively, but in Comparative Example 1, the blade was frequently turned up and it had to be abandoned at 18,000 sheets. In Comparative Example 2, blade turnover occurred at about 170000 sheets.

In Examples 1 to 5, clear images were obtained up to the end of the 20,000-sheet running without problems such as image and blade turn-up.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, environmental resistance,
An electrophotographic apparatus having excellent durability can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Harumi Sakami 3- 30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Shoji Amemiya 3- 30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inside (72) Inventor Kazunari Nakamura 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Masaaki Yamagami 3-30-2, Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Canon Inc. (56) References JP-A-2-55366 (JP, A) JP-A-4-245282 (JP, A) JP-A-4-245284 (JP, A) JP-A-4-12365 (JP, A) Kaihei 4-212190 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A photosensitive layer is provided on a conductive support.
Polycarbonate resin , fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles and 5- [4- (di-p-tolylamino) benzylidene]-
An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a surface protective layer containing 5H-dibenzo [a, d] cycloheptene, and the surface of the photoreceptor is pressed against a polyamide resin and a urethane blade on a urethane blade.
Fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles, carbon fluoride or silicone resin fine particles to a resin selected from polyimide resins
Have a surface layer containing dispersed, the surface layer is the photosensitive member surface
An electrophotographic apparatus comprising a cleaning device to be pressed against. 2. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the content of the fluorine atom-containing resin fine particles in the surface protective layer is 5 to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the surface protective layer.