JP3326534B2 - How to waterproof structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a conventional pavement floor and a vehicle having a conventional waterproof covering material, which is provided with a surface reinforced material, and which finally has excellent impact resistance as well as good followability to a base. The present invention relates to a waterproof coating method for a structure that obtains a waterproof floor applicable to traffic.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that a base is hardened and coated with a hardening waterproofing material to improve waterproofness. The waterproofing material includes a urethane rubber type and an acrylic rubber type as defined in JISA6021. Chloroprene rubber and rubber asphalt.

[0003] Among these waterproofing materials, the urethane rubber-based waterproofing material is excellent in that it has excellent crack followability of the base substrate and can be easily applied even on a surface having a complicated shape as compared with the above-mentioned waterproofing material. Is most frequently used.

At present, however, if the use of polyurethane waterproofing material coating alone is remarkably insufficient to further expand the application and obtain a waterproof floor which can be applied to the pavement floor and the traffic of vehicles on the roof of a building, the strength is remarkably insufficient. There is a disadvantage that the waterproof effect is immediately lost.

Therefore, in order to remedy this drawback, curing of a curable composition such as an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a vinyl ester resin or the like, in which a coating layer is obtained as a reinforcing layer on the polyurethane waterproof material coating film by on-site application. A layer of a hard material is formed and used for the purpose.

[0006]

However, the reinforced layer obtained from the curable composition used to form the coating on the polyurethane waterproofing material coating film has a low elongation rate and poor impact resistance, and is not suitable for falling objects and heavy objects. There was a serious drawback that the reinforcing layer was easily broken by the impact of (1).

When the above-mentioned curable composition for obtaining a reinforcing layer is examined, it has many more disadvantages in details. Epoxy resins are inferior in curability at low temperatures, and are liable to cause problems in construction in winter. Unsaturated polyester resin and vinyl ester resin must be used together with glass fiber and glass mat because of the large curing shrinkage peculiar to radical polymerization. Is generally avoided.
Even with such reinforcement, there is a disadvantage that warpage may occur.
In the case of applying an unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin on the urethane coating material even in the construction process, it is affected by the adverse effect of the lead-based metal catalyst of the urethane formation accelerator contained in the urethane coating material, and the radical It is considered that the reaction is hindered, which may result in poor curing of the unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin.

In terms of safety and hygiene, epoxy resins are problematic in terms of amine odor and rash as a curing agent, and unsaturated polyester resins and vinyl ester resins are in danger of fire explosion of peroxides as radical catalysts and styrene monomers. Odor is a problem in construction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproof coating method for a structure that has good followability to a base and that provides a coated structure in which the reinforcing layer is hard to be broken by the impact of a falling object or a heavy object.

[0010] That is, the present invention is based on the JISA60
A polyurethane-forming cold- curable coating material (I) conforming to No. 21 is applied, and the coating material is cured to form a shore of 20 to 80 Shore.
Polyurethane having a Shore D hardness of 60 or more and an elongation of 20% or more after forming the first waterproof layer having a hardness of -A.
Cold-curable composition capable of forming a (II) is coated and cured to form a second waterproof layer, the curable composition (II)
Is a polyol type xylene-formaldehyde resin and
And polyisocyanate as an essential component, and the thickness of each of the cured coating film of the curable coating material (I) and the cured coating film of the curable composition (II) is 1 mm or more. In addition, the present invention provides a waterproof coating method for a structure, which is performed so that the thickness of the entire laminated coating film on the base is 3 mm or more.

(Construction) The laminated waterproof layer on the substrate obtained by the construction method of the present invention is composed of a polyurethane coating conforming to JIS A6021, a Shore D hardness of 60 or more, and an elongation of 20%.
The second waterproof layer is a polyurethane having a Shore D hardness of 60 or more and an elongation of 20% or more.

The flexible polyurethane coating layer formed on the substrate has a waterproofing property corresponding to one or two urethane rubbers specified in JISA6021. The polyurethane-forming curable coating material (I) capable of exhibiting such performance can be easily prepared by blending a filler or the like with a curable composition mainly composed of a known polyisocyanate, polyol, or crosslinking agent. It is obtained in.

On the other hand, Shore D hardness is 60 or more and elongation 2
0% or more of a curable composition capable of forming a polyurethane (I)
As I), for example, a polyol (A) containing, as an essential component, a polyol type xylene formaldehyde resin having a hydroxyl equivalent of 50 or more having two or more hydroxyl groups, and a polyisocyanate compound having two or more free isocyanate groups in the molecule (B) as an essential component.

The polyol (A) may be a polyol type xylene formaldehyde resin (A-1) alone or a resin (A-1).
-1) and a mixture of another polyol (A-2).

The polyol type xylene formaldehyde resin (A-1) used in the present invention includes, for example, those having the following structures.

[0016]

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[0017]

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[0018]

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The polyol type xylene formaldehyde resin (A-1) is obtained by reacting meta-xylene and formalin under a strong acid catalyst. Resin (A-1)
As examples, metaxylene is a methylene bond, an acetal bond or an ether bond (R in the above general formula.
2) to form a molecular end (R1, R in the above general formula)
3) those having a multimolecular structure containing a xylene nucleus and a methylol group or a methoxymethyl group, or a phenol, a carboxylic acid, an amine, Compounds having one or more compounds having active hydrogen such as alcohols or aromatic hydrocarbons, or compounds modified and introduced as the third component (the above-mentioned general examples R1 and R3) may be used.

As the resin (A-1), those having 10 or less nuclei and having 2 or more hydroxyl groups and having a hydroxyl equivalent of 50 or more are preferable, and those having 2 to 4 nuclei are more preferable.
As the third component used for modifying the xylene resin, for example, trimethylolpropane, hexanediol, hexanetriol, polyoxyalkylene ether polyol, dipropylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, polybutadiene polyol, neopentyl glycol , Polychloroprene polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, phenol, alkyl alcohol, triethanolamine, pentaerythritol and the like, with preference given to trimethylolpropane.

Finally, the polyol type xylene formal
As the number of functional groups of the aldehyde resin (A-1) increases, the foaming phenomenon of the cured product under high temperature and high humidity decreases, but the reaction rate tends to increase. In addition, there is a problem that the pot life at the time of construction cannot be sufficiently obtained. The preferred number of functional groups is 2 to 4.

[0022] The polyol (A) in the component, polio
As the polyol (A-2) other than the polyester- type xylene formaldehyde resin (A-1), any known and commonly used polyols can be used. Examples of the polyol (A-2) include long-chain polyoxyalkylene ether polyols or short-chain polyols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, castor oil, soybean oil-modified polyol, castor oil-modified polyol, and the like. Polyoxyalkylene ether polyol and castor oil. As the polyoxyalkylene ether polyol, those having a hydroxyl equivalent of 100 to 1,000 are preferable.

The more number of nuclei of a polyol-type xylene formaldehyde tree <br/> fat (A-1) is small, the viscosity of itself is easy to handle since it is difficult to solidify low, the poly
Also mixing of the all-type xylene formaldehyde resin (A-1) other than the polyol (A-2) easier, also a good workability when the viscosity of the resulting polyol mixture is also lowered construction.

When the amount of the polyol type xylene formaldehyde resin (A-1) in the polyol (A) component is reduced, the hardness is lowered, but the flexibility is improved and the pot life is prolonged. Therefore, polyol type xylene resin (A-1)
Is preferably 50 to 80 equivalent% when the total amount of the polyol (A) component is 100 equivalents.

The polyisocyanate compound (B) having two or more free isocyanate groups used in the present invention includes, for example, 2.4 and 2.6-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane 4,4'- Diisocyanate (pure or monomeric MDI),
Polymeric MDI, crude MDI, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), trans-cyclohexa-1.4-diisocyanate (CHDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), m-xylene diisocyanate (XDI), naphthalene diisocyanate (N
DI), p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPD)
I) 4.4′-diphenylmethane triisocyanate (Desmodur RI) and NCO-terminated prepolymers (prepolymerized) of these isocyanate compounds and active hydrogen-containing compounds, and modified polyisocyanates liquefied by carbodiimidization, etc. It is a polyisocyanate compound.

The polyisocyanate compound (B) is preferably a crude MDI [MR-100, MR-
200, MR-400 (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane)] or modified liquid MDI [Isonate 143L (manufactured by Kasei Upjohn)].

In the present invention, a foaming inhibitor is used in combination to remove moisture causing foaming phenomenon on the coated surface, or to absorb carbon dioxide gas generated by reacting with the moisture to finish the surface of the hard floor material satisfactorily. May be. Examples of the foaming inhibitor used at this time include slaked lime and magnesium hydroxide [Kisma 5
(Kyowa Chemical Industry)], synthetic adsorbent [Kyoward 20
00 (manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry)], orthoformic acid methyl ester [OFM (manufactured by Niho Chemical)], orthoformic acid ethyl ester [OFE (manufactured by Niho Chemical)], anhydrous gypsum, calcium chloride (manufactured by Tokuyama Soda), synthetic hydro Talside [Alkamizer (Kyowa Chemical Industry)] and the like. Preferred examples of the foam inhibitor include synthetic zeolite and synthetic hydrotalside.

In preparing the coating material (I) and the curable composition (II) used in the present invention, a foaming inhibitor, a filler, a plasticizer,
Aggregates, pigments, catalysts, weathering stabilizers, solvents and the like can also be kneaded.

The coating material (I) and the curable composition (I)
I) is to mix a polyol component and a polyisocyanate component at a predetermined mixing ratio at room temperature, and apply iron or brush within a pot life to form a base or a flexible urethane coating layer on a flexible polyurethane coating layer. Apply and cure.

The method of applying the coating material (I) and the curable composition (II) to the construction of the present invention can be achieved by the following method. First, the coating material (I) is applied and cured on the substrate to provide a flexible JIS.
A urethane waterproofing layer corresponding to urethane rubber type 1 or 2 specified in A6021 is provided. At this time, if necessary, a pretreatment of the substrate surface may be performed by, for example, applying a primer or the like in order to improve the adhesion to the substrate and avoid the influence of the substrate surface. As described above, as the coating material (I), a material that conforms to JIS A6021 and forms a polyurethane having a Shore A hardness in the range of 20 to 80, particularly preferably 35 to 70 as the Shore A hardness is used. You.

A coating material which forms a polyurethane having a hardness of less than 20 in Shore A hardness generally has a severely sticky cured coating film, which leaves a problem in the operation of the next step. Conversely, a coating material that forms a polyurethane having a hardness of more than 80 in Shore A hardness has a low elongation of the coating film, a crack generated on the base,
The buffering effect on the movement is insufficient, which is unsuitable for the waterproof coating method of the present invention.

The thickness of the polyurethane coating layer having the performance specified in JIS A6021 is 1 mm or more because a waterproof function is required, and two or more coatings are required to obtain a film thickness as uniform as possible. It is preferable to form a coating film by an operation.

The curable composition (II) is applied and cured on the polyurethane coating layer having the performance specified in JIS A6021 of the present invention to obtain a polyurethane layer having a Shore D hardness of 60 or more and an elongation of 30% or more. The curable composition (II) is usually applied so that the thickness of the cured coating film is 1 mm or more.

The total thickness of the laminated polyurethane layer in which the flexible polyurethane layer and the high hardness polyurethane layer are provided on the base in this order is 3 mm or more . Further, a surface treatment such as a protective coating, non-slip processing, etc. can be performed on the waterproof coating surface finished by the present invention. The construction method of the present invention can be applied to a wide range of applications such as a rooftop waterproofing, a parking lot having a waterproofing function, a playground, and a garden for greening.

[0035]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The number of copies in the examples is based on weight. Examples 1 to 3 A urethane solution primer was applied on a concrete mortar base, dried, and then a coating material was applied and cured twice thereon to obtain a 3 mm thick JISA6021 as shown in Table-1.
3 types of flexible polyurethane layers having the performance specified in the above.

[0036]

[Table 1]

-Preparation of a curable composition- 266 parts of a polyol type xylene formaldehyde resin Nicanol K-140 having an average molecular weight of 776 (see the following formula, hydroxyl value 289, manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical), and an average molecular weight of 10
No. 00 polyether triol 300 parts (Hyprox TG-1000 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals), synthetic zeolite 70 parts (Zeolam F-9 (manufactured by Tosoh)), calcium carbonate 180 parts [NS-200 (Nitto Powder Chemical Industry) )], Pigment 70 parts, dioctyl phthalate (DOP)
120 parts were uniformly mixed while vacuum defoaming using a planetary mixer, and this was used as a polyol component (A). Crude MD as the polyisocyanate compound (B)
I (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane) was used. Component (A) and component (B) are NCO / component (A) active hydrogen equivalent ratio = 1.0
A mixture having a stoichiometric ratio of 9 was used. Table 2 shows the general properties of the cured product.

[0038]

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[0039]

[Table 2] Using the three kinds of polyurethane laminated mortars obtained above, an impact resistance test and a crack following test were performed. The results are shown in Table-5.

The combination of the flexible polyurethane 1 and the curable composition was carried out in Example 1, the combination of the flexible polyurethane 2 and the curable composition was carried out in Example 2, and the combination of the flexible polyurethane 3 and the curable composition was carried out. Example 3 was used.

Impact Resistance: Drop Ball Test An iron ball weighing 1 kg is dropped from a height of 150 cm onto the waterproof coating structure, and the surface condition of the coating film is observed.

：: No crack on the surface ×: Cracks on the surface Crack followability: KMK method It is measured how many mm the span width is expanded by pulling from zero span to break the waterproof covering structure. Comparative Examples 1 to 6 In place of the curable composition exhibiting the performance shown in Table 2 as a comparative example, an epoxy resin having a performance shown in Table 3 (hereinafter abbreviated as epoxy) and a cured coating film were used. Except for using a saturated polyester resin (hereinafter abbreviated as polyester), the same operation as in Examples 1 to 3 was performed to prepare a waterproof mortar.

The combination of flexible polyurethane 1-epoxy was used in Comparative Example 1; the combination of flexible polyurethane 1-polyester was used in Comparative Example 2;
Comparative Example 3 for the combination of epoxy, Comparative Example 4 for the combination of flexible polyurethane 2-polyester, Comparative Example 5 for the combination of flexible polyurethane 3-epoxy, Comparative Example 6 for the combination of flexible polyurethane 3-polyester
And

[0044]

[Table 3] Table 4 shows the results of the impact resistance test and the crack following test in Comparative Examples 1 to 6.

[0045]

[Table 4] As can be seen from Table-4, a construction in which a cured product layer of a curable composition capable of forming a polyurethane having a Shore D hardness of 60 or more and an elongation of 20% or more on a polyurethane having performance conforming to JIS A6021, is laminated, It can be seen that even when a crack is formed in the substrate, the substrate has good follow-up ability and also has extremely excellent impact resistance.

[0046]

According to the construction method of the present invention, the JI
A polyurethane layer having a Shore D hardness of 60 or more and an elongation of 20% or more is applied to the polyurethane layer conforming to SA6021, so that the epoxy resin composition or the unsaturated polyester resin composition is cured to the second layer as in the related art. The exceptional effect is that the waterproof material layer does not follow the cracks of the base and does not break and soak as in the case of stacking objects, and the waterproof material layer does not break due to high impact. Play.

As described above, the waterproof covering structure of the present invention is excellent in impact resistance, so that it can be applied to pavement floors and traffic of vehicles, and also excellent in the ability to follow the cracks of the foundation base, so that it can be applied to waterproof floors. Can be said to be an optimal and excellent waterproof covering structure.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-73944 (JP, A) JP-A-3-265621 (JP, A) JP-A-54-18897 (JP, A) (58) Investigation Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04F 15/12

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A polyurethane-forming, room-temperature- curable coating material (I) conforming to JIS A6021 is applied on a substrate, and the coating material is cured and exhibits a Shore A hardness of 20 to 80.
After in the formation of the first waterproof layer, over 60 Shore D hardness, cold capable of forming a elongation of 20% or more of polyurethane hard <br/> of composition (II) coated second to cure the Forming the waterproof layer, the curable composition (II) is
Silene-formaldehyde resin and polyisocyanate
And the thickness of the cured coating film of the curable coating material (I) and the cured coating film of the curable composition (II) are both 1 mm or more, and A waterproof coating method for a building, wherein the method is performed so that the thickness of the entire laminated coating film is 3 mm or more.