JP3323761B2 - Shear type crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for reusing or discarding plastic wastes such as runners, spools and defective moldings, and other solid industrial wastes such as garbage by using a rotary blade and a fixed blade. The present invention relates to a shear-type pulverizing apparatus that performs a pulverizing process by shearing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a kind of a shearing type pulverizing apparatus, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 35303/1988, a material to be treated supplied from an inlet is rotated with a rotary blade by a screw feeder. The material that has been pushed into a shearing chamber equipped with a fixed blade, and the material that has been pulverized in the shearing chamber (hereinafter referred to as “material after pulverization”) is to be taken out from the material having a predetermined size or less. is there.

[0003] In the above-mentioned shearing type pulverizer, the rotary blade is
A plurality of concentrically arranged ring trajectories each have a radially inward cutting edge and a radially outward cutting edge, and the fixed blade meshes with each of the rotary blades. A radially inward cutting blade and a radially outward cutting blade are provided in a plurality of concentric arrangements. The rotary shaft of the rotary blade is integrated with the screw shaft, which is the center of the screw feeder, so that its axis is aligned.

[0004] In addition, the rotary blade is provided with a material passage between the cutting blades on the same circumference for each circumference on which each cutting blade is provided, and similarly, the fixed blade is also provided with each cutting blade. For each circumference, a material passage is provided between the cutting blades on the same circumference. That is, each of these material passages can be radially communicated radially outward around the rotation axis of the rotary blade, so that the entire periphery of the rotary blade and the fixed blade is taken out of the ground material. Area.

[0005]

In a conventional shearing-type pulverizing apparatus, the direction in which a material to be processed is pushed into a shearing processing chamber by a screw feeder is rotated through each material passage after being pulverized in the shearing processing chamber. The advancing direction of the pulverized material taken out to the outer peripheral portions of the blade and the fixed blade has an orthogonal relationship.

[0006] Therefore, in a portion where the cutting edge of the rotary blade and the cutting edge of the fixed blade mutually generate a shearing action or in a material passage, the material to be processed or the material after pulverization tends to stay. There was a drawback that the takeout efficiency could not be increased beyond a predetermined value. In particular, when the rotary shaft of the rotary blade and the screw shaft of the screw feeder are provided in a horizontal state,
As a result, the rotary blade and the fixed blade are in a standing state, so that the material after the pulverization hardly comes out in the take-out area of the material after the pulverization, which is the upper half of the outer peripheral surface.

[0007] In the case where the material to be treated is a plastic waste material and is intended to be reused as pellets or the like, the above causes an excessive temperature rise when the material after pulverization stays. This may lead to a defect that the solidification of the material after pulverization is poor or the material is deteriorated. Furthermore, since the rotating blade and the fixed blade are configured to mesh with each other in the radial direction, when the cutting blades are detached for polishing, replaced, or when adjusting the gap between the cutting blades, Each time, most of the devices have to be disassembled and assembled, and there is a problem that these operations are troublesome.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, it is possible to increase the efficiency of removing the material after grinding,
To provide a shearing-type pulverizing device that can prevent poor solidification or deterioration of the material when reusing the obtained pulverized material, and can easily and quickly perform maintenance on a rotary blade and a fixed blade. Aim.

[0009]

According to the present invention, the following technical measures have been taken in order to achieve the above object. That is, in the shearing-type crushing device according to the present invention, the axial direction of the shaft for rotating and driving the rotary blade (hereinafter, referred to as “rotary shaft”) coincides with the material supply direction of the feeder. The direction of the material passage provided in the rotary blade and the direction of the material passage provided in the fixed blade are made to coincide (to be parallel or uniaxial) with respect to the axial direction. In addition, the rotary blade and the fixed blade have their respective cutting blades arranged along the axial direction.

[0010] From the above, the material passage as a whole in the rotary blade and the fixed blade is along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and as a result, the progress of the material to be processed pushed into the shearing processing chamber by the feeder. The direction and the advancing direction of the pulverized material taken out of the casing through the material passage after being pulverized in the shearing chamber are the same.

Therefore, the material to be processed or the material after pulverization moves smoothly without causing stagnation in a portion where the cutting edge of the rotary blade and the cutting edge of the fixed blade mutually generate a shearing action or in a material passage. , The extraction efficiency can be increased. This leads to prevention of excessive temperature rise of the material after pulverization when the material to be processed is plastic waste material and is intended for reuse as pellets or the like, and high quality pellets can be obtained. It has the advantage that.

By the way, the material passages provided in the rotary blade and the fixed blade are made gradually smaller in the direction of discharging the material. In this case, the thickness of each material passage in the rotary blade and the fixed blade and the cut-off thereof. A structure having a small area is preferable in that the material passage time can be adjusted stepwise. In this case, there is an advantage that the structure is simplified.

When arranging the cutting blades of the rotary blade and the fixed blade along the axial direction of the rotary shaft and using the fixed blade at the end side in the material discharging direction, a material passage provided in the fixed blade is The screen can also be used as the inner diameter according to the particle size of the crushed material to be obtained.
This simplifies the structure. As the feeder, it is preferable to apply a screw feeder having a screw shaft. In this case, the material supply direction is a vertical direction or a horizontal direction, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft and the axial direction of the screw shaft are matched. This is beneficial for simplifying the structure and increasing the material extraction efficiency.

It is preferable that the rotary shaft of the rotary blade can be driven to rotate freely in the forward and reverse directions. In this case, the cutting blades of the rotating blade and the fixed blade are provided with both a rotating blade for normal rotation and a rotating blade for reverse rotation. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the overload in the case where clogging occurs between the cutting edge of the rotating blade and the fixed blade by performing reverse rotation for a required time from normal rotation.

The casing forming the shearing chamber is preferably provided with an inspection window through which the inside of the shearing chamber can be inspected from outside. If the fixed blade can be inserted and removed through the inspection window, various types of maintenance can be performed quickly and easily. In this case, if a plurality of fixed blades are provided in the axial direction and are constituted by divided bodies divided in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft, these divided bodies can be collectively inserted into and removed from the inspection window in a cassette shape. become.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are overall views showing a shearing type pulverizing apparatus 1 according to the present invention.
Is a vertical casing having a box-shaped casing 4 in which a shearing treatment chamber 2 and a material removal chamber 3 thereunder are formed;
A feeder 5 for supplying the material to be processed is provided upright on the upper part of the casing 4.

In the shearing chamber 2, a plurality of rotary blades 7, 8, 9 provided in a skewered manner in the axial direction with respect to a rotary shaft 6 held in a vertical direction, and are alternately overlapped therewith. Fixed blades 12, 13, 14 provided in various arrangements
And a shearing section 15 (see FIG. 4) constituted by each of the meshes. The feeder 5 surrounds a screw shaft 17 held in the vertical direction with a spiral wing 18 continuous in the vertical direction around the screw shaft 17, and surrounds the spiral wing 18 with a cylindrical supply cylinder 19. By doing so, a screw feeder is configured. The supply cylinder 19 is provided with a material input opening (not shown) at a part in the circumferential direction, and is provided with a material input hopper 20 protruding laterally with respect to this opening.

The rotary shaft 6 of the shearing section 15 and the screw shaft 17 of the feeder 5 are integrally formed in a stepped shaft shape with their axes aligned. The upper and lower ends of the integrated shaft of the rotary shaft 6 and the screw shaft 17 are rotatably held by bearings 22 and 23. Thereby, rotation is stably supported. A driving portion 25 is provided on the upper side of the feeder 5 so as to be able to rotate an integrated shaft of the rotation shaft 6 and the screw shaft 17 via a winding transmission means 24. That is, the driving unit 25 is also used for driving as the shearing unit 15 and the feeder 5. The driving unit 25 uses a motor that can rotate forward and backward.

The material extraction chamber 3 of the casing 4 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the outer peripheral portion of the bearing tube portion 26 for accommodating the bearing member 23 below the rotating shaft 6 is formed between the circumference of the inner wall surface of the casing 4.
Are divided into a plurality of sections by a support rib 27 for holding the sheet. Although four support ribs 27 are provided in the illustrated example, any number of support ribs may be used as long as the strength is stable, and it is preferable to reduce the number of support ribs 27 in order to reduce the material passage resistance. is there.

The material removal chamber 3 can be formed in the lower part of the shearing processing chamber 2 by the rotation shaft 6 and the screw shaft 17.
This is because the integrated shaft is supported at both ends, and the wrapping transmission means 24 and the driving unit 25 are arranged at the upper part. As a result, there are obtained a number of advantages that the material after the grinding can be taken out continuously and with high efficiency, and the structure for taking out the material after the grinding can be made small and simple.

In the crushing apparatus 1 having such a configuration, when the material to be processed is introduced from the hopper 20 while rotating the integrated shaft of the rotary shaft 6 and the screw shaft 17, the material to be processed is fed downward by the feeder 5. It is pushed into the shearing processing chamber 2, and is crushed by the shearing processing unit 15 in the shearing processing chamber 2. After the crushing process, the crushed material having a predetermined size is removed from the shearing chamber 2.
Is taken out to the outside through the material take-out part 3 below the lower part.

As described above, in the crushing apparatus 1, the material supply direction when the feeder 5 pushes the material to be processed into the shearing chamber 2, and the material to be processed is crushed by the shearing section 15 and the material take-out section 3 is processed. What is the material discharge direction when taking out from
It is always in a certain direction. For this reason, stagnation hardly occurs at the stage of the material to be treated and also at the stage of the material after pulverization, and the operation efficiency of the pulverizer 1 is high.

In the crushing unit 15, the rotating blades 7, 8, 9 rotating in one direction and the fixed blade 1 meshing therewith are provided.
The material to be treated is pulverized between 2, 13, and 14. The forward rotation direction of the rotary blades 7, 8, 9 at this time is determined by the relationship with the feed direction of the feeder 5, that is, the inclination of the spiral blade 18 (see the arrow X in FIG. 1).
However, the crushing resistance between these two blades becomes excessive,
When overload is caused due to occurrence of jamming or the like, the driving unit 25 is driven to reverse, whereby the rotating blades 7, 8, 9 are reversely rotated to eliminate the load.

The overload can be detected by detecting an abnormality in the rotation torque or the rotation speed of the output shaft or the rotation shaft 6 of the driving unit 25 based on various sensors or fluctuations in the current value, or It may be determined by human visual inspection. In addition, the reverse rotation of the driving unit 25 can be appropriately adopted such as a method of performing the rotation periodically for a predetermined time, a method of repeatedly performing a short-time operation, and a method of performing the rotation continuously until the load is eliminated.

The start and stop of these operations are performed by a control panel 28 provided on the side surface of the casing 4 (see FIG. 2).
To operate. Next, the shearing section 15 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 4, in the shearing processing unit 15, the position corresponding to the uppermost part of the rotary shaft 6 is the first rotary blade 7,
The next position is the first fixed blade 12, then the second rotary blade 8, and so on similarly the second fixed blade 13, the third rotary blade 9, and the third fixed blade 14.

Accordingly, the primary shearing process is performed between the lower edge of the first rotary blade 7 and the upper edge of the first fixed blade 12, and the lower edge of the first fixed blade 12 and the second rotary blade 8 The second shearing process is performed between the lower edge of the second rotary blade 8 and the upper edge of the second fixed blade 13, and the second fixed blade is processed. A fourth shearing process is performed between the lower edge of the third rotary blade 9 and the upper edge of the third rotary blade 9, and the lower edge of the third rotary blade 9 and the third fixed blade 1
A fifth-order shearing process is performed with the upper surface of No. 4.

Between the first rotary blade 7 and the second rotary blade 8,
Shaft side first spacer 3 formed to have the same thickness as first fixed blade 12
0 is interposed, and between the second rotary blade 8 and the third rotary blade 9, a shaft-side second spacer 31 formed to have the same thickness as the second fixed blade 13 is interposed. On the other hand, the first fixed blade 12 and the second
A frame-side first spacer 32 formed to have the same thickness as the second rotary blade 8 is interposed between the fixed blade 13 and the second fixed blade 13 and a third fixed blade 14 between the second fixed blade 13 and the third fixed blade 14. A frame-side second spacer 33 having the same thickness as the three-rotation blade 9 is interposed. Furthermore,
A blade connecting plate 34 is provided on the lower surface of the third fixed blade 14.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first rotary blade 7 has a boss 37 having a shaft fitting hole 36 and a blade body 38 projecting radially outward from one location around the boss 37. Have. The blade main body 38 has a cutting blade formed at a lower edge portion on both sides in the protruding direction. The reason why the cutting blades are provided on both sides in the protruding direction of the blade body 38 is to perform the pulverizing process not only when the rotating shaft 6 rotates normally but also when the rotating shaft 6 rotates reversely.

The part obtained by removing a substantial part of the blade main body 38 from the annular trajectory when the blade main body 38 rotates is the first part.
It becomes a material passage in the rotary blade 7. The first fixed blade 12
As shown in FIG. 6, an opening 41 is formed in the center of a fixed frame portion 40 having a square shape, and two blade main bodies having a trapezoidal shape from two opposing positions toward the inside of the opening 41. Reference numeral 42 denotes a projection. At the protruding end of each blade body 42, a lower inclined surface having an upper edge side at an acute angle is formed. Each of the blade main bodies 42 has a cutting blade formed on the upper edge and the lower edge on both sides in the protruding direction.

The reason why the cutting blades are provided on both sides in the protruding direction of the blade main body 42 is to perform the pulverizing process not only when the rotating shaft 6 rotates normally but also when rotating. The inner diameter of the opening 41 at a portion where the blade main body 42 is not provided is:
The diameter is larger than the rotation radius of the first rotary blade 7. A portion of the opening 41 excluding a region occupied by the first shaft-side spacer 30 becomes a material passage in the first fixed blade 12.

The fixed frame portion 40 is provided with a plurality of counterbored bolt insertion holes 43 near both left and right sides thereof, and a female screw hole 44 facing the wall thickness is formed in the front and rear portions. Is formed. The fixed frame part 40 is divided into two parts in the front and rear. As shown in FIG. 7, the second rotary blade 8 has a boss portion 47 having a shaft fitting hole 46 and a total of six blade main portions 48 projecting radially around the boss portion 47 at equal intervals. ing. At the protruding end of each blade body 48,
An upper inclined surface having an acute angle on the lower edge side is formed. All the blade main bodies 48 have cutting blades at the upper edge and the lower edge on both sides in the protruding direction.

The reason why the cutting blades are provided on both sides of the blade body 48 in the protruding direction is to perform the pulverizing process not only when the rotating shaft 6 rotates forward but also when rotating. The semicircular space formed between the blade body portions 48 is the second
It becomes a material passage in the rotary blade 8. The frame-side first spacer 32 provided at the same level as the second rotary blade 8 has a first
It has a rectangular plate shape with a width H slightly smaller than the fixed frame portion 40 of the fixed blade 12, and an opening 50 surrounding the rotation path of the second rotary blade 8 is provided at the center of the plate surface. Is formed.

A plurality of bolt insertion holes 51 are provided near both left and right sides of the frame-side first spacer 32 so as to match the bolt insertion holes 43 of the first fixed blade 12 (see FIG. 6).
The frame-side first spacer 32 is also divided into two parts. As shown in FIG. 8, the second fixed blade 13 has an opening 54 formed in the center of a square fixed frame 53 and a trapezoidal shape 8 into the opening 54.
The blade main body portions 55 are provided so as to project at equal intervals from each other. At the protruding end of each blade main body 55, a lower inclined surface having an acute angle on the upper edge side is formed. Each of the blade main bodies 55 has a cutting blade formed on the upper edge and the lower edge on both sides in the protruding direction.

The reason why the cutting blades are provided on both sides in the projecting direction of the blade main body 55 is to perform the pulverizing process not only when the rotating shaft 6 rotates normally but also when rotating. A portion of the opening 54 excluding a region occupied by the second shaft-side spacer 31, that is, a groove-shaped space formed between the blade main bodies 55 serves as a material passage in the second fixed blade 13.

The fixed frame 53 is provided with the first fixed blade 12.
It has the same plane size as the fixed frame portion 40 of FIG. 6 (see FIG. 6), but is formed slightly thinner than the fixed frame portion 40 of the first fixed blade 12. Therefore, the material passage of the second fixed blade 13 is smaller in bulk than the material passage of the first fixed blade 12. Further, the fixed frame portion 53 is provided with a plurality of bolt insertion holes 56 near the left and right sides thereof, which can match the bolt insertion holes 43 of the first fixed blade 12.
The fixed frame 53 is also divided into two parts.

As shown in FIG. 9, the third rotary blade 9 alternately forms long and short grooves 60 and 61 from the outer peripheral side toward the center of a disk body 59 having a shaft fitting hole 58. Yuki, thereby leaving a total of 20 remaining between each groove 60,61.
The blade body 62 is formed in each of the portions extending to the book. At the protruding end of each blade main body 62, an upper inclined surface having an acute angle on the lower edge side is formed. All the blade main bodies 62 have cutting blades formed at the upper edge and the lower edge on both sides in the protruding direction.

The reason why the cutting blades are provided on both sides in the projecting direction of the blade main body 62 is to perform the pulverizing process not only when the rotating shaft 6 rotates normally but also when rotating. Between the blade body portions 62, that is, the above-described long and short grooves 60, 6
1 is a material passage in the third rotary blade 9. The thickness of the blade main body 62 is formed slightly thinner than the second rotary blade 8. Therefore, the third rotary blade 9
Is smaller in bulk than the material passage of the second rotary blade 8.

The frame-side second spacer 33 provided at the same level as the third rotary blade 9 is a square plate having the same size as the fixed frame portion 40 of the first fixed blade 12 (see FIG. 6). An opening 64 surrounding the rotation locus of the third rotary blade 9 is formed at the center of the plate surface. A plurality of bolt insertion holes 65 that can match the bolt insertion holes 43 of the first fixed blade 12 (see FIG. 6) are provided near the left and right sides of the frame-side second spacer 33. The frame-side second spacer 33 is also divided into two front and rear parts.

As shown in FIG. 10, the third fixed blade 14 has a shaft relief hole 68 formed at the center of a square fixed frame 67, and a large number of round holes 69 around the shaft relief hole 68. Are provided in a dispersed manner to form a screen. The upper opening edge of each round hole 69 is a cutting blade. As shown in FIG. 4, each round hole 69 is a tapered hole whose diameter becomes larger downward, so that a rake angle having an inclination angle of about 10 ° is provided at the upper opening edge. . Therefore, sharpness is enhanced.

The inside of each round hole 69 is the third fixed blade 14
At the material passage. Note that the fixed frame 67 is
Although it has the same plane size as the fixed frame portion 40 of the fixed blade 12 (see FIG. 6), the thickness is formed to be thinner than the fixed frame portion 53 of the second fixed blade 13. Therefore, the material passage of the third fixed blade 14 is smaller than the material passage of the second fixed blade 13.

Further, the fixed frame 67 is provided with a plurality of bolt insertion holes 70 near the left and right sides thereof so as to be able to match the bolt insertion holes 43 of the first fixed blade 12. The fixed frame 67 is also divided into two parts. Blade connection plate 3
4 is a large circular opening 72 at the center as shown in FIG.
It is a plate body having. The plane size is the same as that of the fixed frame portion 40 of the first fixed blade 12 (see FIG. 6), and a plurality of females that can match the bolt insertion holes 43 of the first fixed blade 12 are provided near both left and right sides thereof. A screw hole 73 is provided. The blade connecting plate 34 is also divided into two parts. Further, a female screw hole 7 is formed on the front and rear portions so as to face the middle.
4 are formed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first rotary blade 7, the first shaft-side spacer 30, the second rotary blade 8, the second shaft spacer 3
The first and third rotary blades 9 are inserted into the rotary shaft 6 in this order. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, it can be integrally rotated with the rotating shaft 6 by a fitting relationship using a key 77, and then is pressed and fixed in the axial direction by a nut 79 via a collar 78.

On the other hand, the first fixed blade 12, the frame-side first spacer 32, the second fixed blade 13, the frame-side second spacer 33,
After the third fixed blade 14 and the blade connecting plate 34 are overlapped in this order, the respective front divided bodies and the rear divided bodies are connected by the vertical bolt 80 shown in FIG. 1. You. Needless to say, the bolt 80 is inserted into the bolt insertion holes 51, 56, 65, 70 of the respective parts from the bolt insertion holes 43 provided in the first fixed blade 12, and the female screw provided in the blade connecting plate 34. It is screwed into the hole 73.

Then, an alignment plate 83 is attached to the front side of the unit where the front divided bodies are connected to each other, as shown in FIG. This attachment is performed by screwing a bolt 84 from the alignment plate 83 side into a female screw hole 74 provided on the front surface of the first fixed blade 12 and the blade connecting plate 34. On the other hand, the casing 4 has
An inspection window 87 is provided so that the inside of the shearing chamber 2 can be inspected from outside. The inspection window 87 is necessary for inserting and removing the front divided body at a position where it can be inserted and removed in a horizontal direction from a predetermined insertion and fixing position in the shearing chamber 2 as described above. It is formed having a size. Further, it is formed smaller than the alignment plate 83.

The casing 4 is provided with a plurality of female screw holes 89 along the periphery of the opening of the inspection window 87, and the aligning plate 83 is provided with bolt insertion holes 90 corresponding to the female screw holes 89. The alignment plate 83 can be connected to the casing 4 by bolts 91 as shown in FIG. As described above, only the frame-side first spacer 32 (see FIG. 7) has a width H smaller than the fixed frame portion 40 of the first fixed blade 12 and the like. By connecting them, lateral grooves are formed at both side positions corresponding to the frame-side first spacers 32, respectively.

Therefore, a guide rail 93 which can be engaged with these lateral grooves is provided in the casing 4 so that the front divided bodies can be easily and reliably inserted and removed. On the other hand, what connected the rear divided bodies to the predetermined position inside the casing 4 as it is,
It is fixed using the female screw hole 74 or the like.

With such a structure, each fixed blade 1
In addition to the maintenance of the blades 2, 13, and 14, the inspection of the rotary blades 7, 8, and 9, the cleaning of the shearing chamber 2, and the like can be easily performed. It should be noted that a structure in which the rear divided bodies are connected to each other may have a structure that can be inserted into and removed from the casing 4 similarly to a structure in which the front divided bodies are connected to each other.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the rotation shaft 6 of the shearing section 15 and the screw shaft 17 of the feeder 5 may be provided in a horizontal direction. In some cases, it can be inclined. The integrated shaft of the rotary shaft 6 and the screw shaft 17 may not have a both-ends support structure, and may be configured to support only one end by a bearing.

In order to make the rotary blades 7, 8, 9 integrally rotatable with respect to the rotary shaft 6, not only the structure using the key 77 but also various types of shaft fitting using serrations, splines, square shafts and the like. The structure can be changed. Rotary shaft 6
The screw shaft 17 and the screw shaft 17 can be formed separately. In this case, each shaft may be separately driven to rotate at the same speed or at a different speed.

When the rotating shaft 6 and the screw shaft 17 are provided separately, they do not need to be in a one-to-one correspondence. A plurality of parallel sides may be used. The feeder 5 may be a screw feeder, a crash roller system, a cylinder press system,
A suction system, a conveyor system, or the like can be used.

The fixed blades 12, 13,
14, the individual fixed blades 12, 1
A single insertion / removal may be performed for the third and the fourth. In the shearing section 15, the number of rotating blades and fixed blades used, their individual shapes, the order of arrangement, and the like can be changed as appropriate according to the type of material to be processed and the degree of pulverization. An example is given below.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the first rotary blade 7 has a rake angle θ of 15 ° as the cutting blade 38a on one side in the protruding direction of the blade main body 38. This cutting blade 38a
When the first rotary blade 7 rotates forward (see the arrow X), the sharpness is enhanced by primary shearing treatment with the first fixed blade 12. Note that such a rake angle θ
Can also be provided on the cutting blade side during reverse rotation.

In the first fixed blade 12, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, shallow grooves 96 having a hollow shape are formed on both sides of each blade body 42 in the protruding direction. Thereby, the blade body 4
In 2, the cutting edges formed on the upper edge and the lower edge on both sides in the protruding direction have a rake angle of 60 °. Therefore, the sharpness in the primary shearing process with the first rotary blade 7 and the secondary shearing process with the second rotary blade 8 can be enhanced.

The second rotary blade 8 has five blade main bodies 48 as shown in FIGS. Further, a shallow groove 97 having a hollow shape is formed on both sides of each blade body 48 in the protruding direction. Thus, all the cutting blades formed on the upper edge and the lower edge on both sides in the protruding direction in the blade main body 48 have 60 blades.
It has a rake angle of °. Therefore, the first fixed blade 12
And the sharpness in the tertiary shearing process with the second fixed blade 13 can be enhanced.

In the second fixed blade 13, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the groove-shaped space formed between the adjacent blade main portions 55 is made square to simplify the shape. In addition, each blade body 55
, Two rows of W-shaped shallow grooves 98 are formed on both sides in the projecting direction. Thereby, all the cutting blades formed on the upper edge and the lower edge on both sides in the protruding direction in the blade main body 55 have 6 cutting edges.
It has a rake angle of 0 °.

Therefore, the sharpness of the tertiary shearing process with the second rotary blade 8 and the fourth shearing process with the third rotary blade 9 can be enhanced. In the third rotary blade 9, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, long and short grooves 60,
While alternately providing 61, the short grooves 61 are made to be adjacent to each other only at one place on the circumference (the upper part in FIG. 21), so that the total number of blade main bodies 62 is 19. is there. In this way, simultaneous meshing with the second fixed blade 13 can be suppressed, and the pulverization efficiency can be increased accordingly.

Further, V is provided on both sides of each blade body 62 in the protruding direction.
A letter-shaped shallow groove 99 is formed. Thereby, all the cutting edges formed on the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion on both sides in the protruding direction in the blade main body portion 62 have a rake angle of 60 °. Therefore, the sharpness in the fourth shearing process with the second fixed blade 13 and the fifth shearing process with the third fixed blade 14 can be enhanced.

In the third fixed blade 14, long long holes 100 and short long holes 101 are alternately arranged as shown in FIG.
The entire distribution is fan-shaped. The inner surfaces of the long holes 100 and 101 may be tapered so that the opening is widened downward, and the cutting edge at the upper edge may have a rake angle. This third fixed blade 14
It is not limited that the screen also functions as a screen, and a screen having a single function may be separately provided below the third fixed blade 14.

It is to be noted that providing a rake angle to all the cutting blades in the second rotary blade 8 and all the cutting blades in the third rotary blade 9 is the same as in the above-mentioned embodiment (see FIGS. 4, 7, and 9). ), The action and effect are synergistically enhanced by giving the rake angles to all the cutting edges of the first fixed blade 12 and the second fixed blade 13.

[0060]

As is apparent from the above description, in the shearing-type pulverizer according to the present invention, the material passage as a whole composed of the rotary blade and the fixed blade extends along the axis of the rotary shaft. Since the rotation axis coincides with the material supply direction of the feeder, the moving direction of the material to be processed pushed into the shearing processing chamber by the feeder and the material passage after being pulverized in the shearing processing chamber. The traveling direction of the crushed material taken out of the casing via the
Will be the same. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of taking out the material after grinding.

Further, when the material to be treated is plastic waste material and is intended to be reused as pellets, etc., it is possible to prevent excessive temperature rise due to stagnation of the material after pulverization. Can be obtained. If the thickness of each material passage in the rotary blade or the fixed blade or the cross-sectional area thereof is reduced, the material passage time can be adjusted stepwise. In addition, the structure can be simplified.

If the fixed blade provided on the terminal end side in the material discharging direction has a structure also serving as a screen, the structure becomes simple. If a screw feeder having a screw shaft is used as the feeder, and the axis of the screw feeder is made to coincide with the rotation axis, it is beneficial for simplifying the structure and increasing the efficiency of material extraction.

When the rotating shaft of the rotary blade is freely reversible, it is convenient to eliminate overload. Further, it is preferable to provide a cutting blade for reverse rotation on the rotating blade or the fixed blade so that the pulverizing process is performed even at the time of reverse rotation. It is convenient to provide an inspection window in the casing so that the inside of the shear processing chamber can be inspected from outside so that maintenance of the rotary blade and the fixed blade can be performed easily and quickly. It is even more preferable if the fixed blade can be inserted and removed through the inspection window.

In this case, it is preferable that one of the fixed blades can be inserted into and removed from the inspection window in a cassette shape.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a shearing type pulverizer according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing an operation state in a part (crushing processing unit) of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a first rotary blade.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a first fixed blade.

FIG. 7 shows a second rotary blade and a frame-side first provided on an outer peripheral portion thereof.
It is a top view showing a spacer.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a second fixed blade.

FIG. 9 shows a third rotary blade and a frame-side second provided on an outer peripheral portion thereof.
It is a top view showing a spacer.

FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating a third fixed blade partially omitted.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a blade connecting plate.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a situation where a front divided body of each fixed blade is inserted into and removed from a casing.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the first rotary blade.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view taken along line CC of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the first fixed blade.

16A is an enlarged sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 15, and FIG. 16B is an enlarged sectional view taken along line EE of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the second rotary blade.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the second fixed blade.

20A is an enlarged sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 19, and FIG. 20B is an enlarged sectional view taken along line HH of FIG.

FIG. 21 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the third rotary blade.

22A is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line JJ of FIG. 21, and FIG. 22B is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line KK of FIG.

FIG. 23 is a plan view showing one divided body of another embodiment of the third fixed blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shear-type crusher 2 Shear processing chamber 4 Casing 5 Feeder 6 Shaft (rotary shaft) 7 Rotary blade (1st rotary blade) 8 Rotary blade (2nd rotary blade) 9 Rotary blade (3rd rotary blade) 12 Fixed blade ( 1st fixed blade) 13 Fixed blade (2nd fixed blade) 14 Fixed blade (3rd fixed blade) 15 Shearing part 17 Screw shaft 87 Inspection window

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02C 18/00-18/44

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating blade (7, 8, 9) and a fixed blade (1) are provided in a shearing chamber (2) provided inside a casing (4).
2, 13, 14) are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the rotary blade, and are fixed to the rotary blade (7, 8, 9) when the object to be processed passes in the shear processing chamber (2) in the axial direction. Blade (12, 1
In the shearing-type pulverizing device which is subjected to pulverization processing by the 3,4), the casing (4) is externally provided with the shearing processing chamber.
(2) It has an inspection window (87) capable of inspecting the inside, and the fixed blades (12, 13, 14) are divided into two front and rear parts.
Fixed frame portions (40, 53, 67),
The fixed frame part (40, 53, 67) is attached to the inspection window (87).
A shearing-type pulverizing device, which is provided so as to be freely inserted into and removed from the device. 2. A feeder (5) for supplying a material to be processed into the shearing chamber (2), wherein the shearing chamber (2) is provided.
A rotary blade (7, 8, 9) having a shaft (6) rotatably driven therein and having a material passage allowing a material to pass in the axial direction, and a cutting blade; A fixed blade (12, 13, 14) having a material passage allowing a material to pass in the axial direction and a cutting blade is attached to the casing (4) side, and the rotary blade (7, 8, 9) and the fixed blade are provided. (12,13,
14) are arranged in the axial direction, and a shearing section (15) is constituted by the cutting blades of the rotary blades (7, 8, 9) and the fixed blades (12, 13, 14). (7,8,9) or fixed blade (12,13,14)
2. The shearing-type pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material passage is made smaller toward the material discharging direction. 3. The shearing-type pulverization according to claim 2, wherein the material passage has a thickness and / or a cross-sectional area of the material passage that decreases toward the material discharge direction. apparatus. 4. A fixed blade (1) is provided at the end side in the material discharging direction.
2, 13, 14) are arranged, and the fixed blade (12, 1
The shearing-type pulverizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein (3, 14) is a screen. 5. The feeder (5) has a screw shaft (1).
7) A screw feeder having a material feed direction set in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction, wherein an axis of the shaft (6) and an axis of the screw shaft (17) coincide with each other. The shearing-type pulverizing device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: 6. The shaft (6) is rotatably driven in the forward and reverse directions, and the cutting edges of the rotary blades (7, 8, 9) and the fixed blades (12, 13, 14) are The shearing-type pulverizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shearing-type pulverizing device has a shaft for forward rotation and a shaft for reverse rotation.