JP3322633B2 - Bleed air flow control system for axial compressor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to bleed air flow control at startup in an axial compressor linked to a gas turbine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Bleed control in an axial flow compressor that generates and supplies compressed air in conjunction with a gas turbine to cool the gas turbine and to burn a combustor that generates working gas for the gas turbine. The conventional one will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a conventional apparatus of this type, which is sequentially arranged with an axial compressor, a combustor and a gas turbine.
The figure also shows a schematic representation of the bleed system of the axial compressor.

[0004] Reference numeral 10 denotes an axial compressor, 30 denotes a turbine, and 40 denotes a combustor. The compressor is arranged in communication with the combustor 40 and the turbine 30 so as to supply compressed air generated by the axial compressor 10 to the turbine 30. A gas turbine device is configured.

[0005] The compressed air supplied from the axial compressor 10 to the turbine 30 is supplied from the different stages of the axial compressor 10 via the extraction pipes 1, 2 and 3 from which compressed air is extracted.

On the other hand, these bleed tubes 1, 2, and 3
The discharge pipes 4, 5, and 6 communicate with the discharge pipes 4, 5, and 6 via independent valves 7, 8, and 9, respectively, and the discharge pipes 4, 5, and 6 further communicate with the atmosphere downstream of the discharge pipes. The compressed air extracted from each of the ten paragraphs can be discharged to the atmosphere.

[0007] The conventional axial flow compressor 10 which is constructed by adding the bleed air system and the atmospheric discharge system as described above is cautious of entering a surge at the time of start-up acceleration. The bleed air can be discharged into the atmosphere from each of the discharge pipes 4, 5, and 6.

The ratio of the discharged air to the air flowing into the turbine 11 (extracted air flow ratio) depends on the diameters of the extraction pipes 1, 2, and 3 and the discharge pipes 4, 5, and 6, and The adjustment of the bleed air flow rate was simple and rough in that it was performed only by opening and closing the valves 7, 8, and 9 of each pipe.

[0009]

As described above, the control of the bleed air flow rate in the conventional axial flow compressor depends on the diameters of the bleed pipe and discharge pipe and is simple by opening and closing valves. However, proper control that follows delicate state changes during actual operation cannot be performed, so even at a rotational speed that can afford surges, air is unnecessarily compressed and released to the atmosphere. The fact is that they are speeding up while doing useless work.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provides an apparatus in which unnecessary and unnecessary work is suppressed by performing fine and appropriate control according to the actual situation of driving. That is the task.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and measures the temperature of the gas turbine and the pressure of the compressor at the time of start-up. When there is no compressor, the bleed air release system is closed, and when the compressor pressure is in the surge generation area, control is performed so that the bleed air is released to the atmosphere as long as the gas turbine temperature is within the upper limit of the allowable temperature. The present invention provides a bleed air flow control system for an axial compressor.

According to the present invention, when starting the gas turbine device, the pressure of the compressor is measured to determine whether or not the pressure of the compressor is in a state of generating a surge. When the determination is made, the air release system is closed so as not to release the bleed air to the atmosphere. It is also determined whether or not the temperature is within the temperature, and as long as this temperature is within the upper limit of the allowable temperature, the bleed air is released to the atmosphere to reduce the pressure of the compressor and control so as to avoid occurrence of surge. .

Thus, in the present invention, the operating condition is monitored from two aspects of the pressure of the compressor and the temperature of the turbine, and efficient work for preventing useless work of the compressed air outside of the surge generation region to prevent useless work is prevented. It is intended to establish a system.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The same parts as those of the prior art described above are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and redundant description will be omitted, and the characteristic portions of the present embodiment will be mainly described.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a bleed air flow system of an axial compressor according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a flow chart for controlling the opening and closing of an atmospheric discharge system valve for discharging compressed air from the axial flow compressor to the atmosphere. Indicated by.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the axial compressor 10 is provided with first to third bleeding stages from upstream to downstream. The pressure sensors 11 to 13 are sequentially arranged, and the turbine 30 has a temperature sensor 2 for total temperature measurement at its inlet and outlet.
0 and 21 are sequentially attached.

That is, 11 is a pressure sensor arranged in the first bleeding stage, 12 is a pressure sensor arranged in the second bleeding stage, and 13 is a pressure sensor arranged in the third bleeding stage. The pressure fluctuation in each bleeding stage is measured during the start-up and acceleration of 10, and the signal is transmitted to the computer 15 via the amplifier 14.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a temperature sensor for measuring the total temperature disposed at the inlet of the turbine 30;
A temperature sensor for measuring the total temperature, which is disposed at the exit of the unit 0, transmits each measured temperature value to the computer 15 via the amplifier 22.

In the computer 15, the pressure sensor 1
1, 12, 13 and a certain calculation based on the signals from the temperature sensors 20, 21 and send signals to the valve opening / closing motors 17, 18, 19 via the valve motor control device 16 to correspond to the respective bleeding paragraphs. Valves 7, 8, 9 provided for each pipe
It is configured so as to adjust the opening degree.

In this embodiment constructed as described above, the pressure fluctuation of each bleeding stage is measured by the non-stationary pressure sensors 11, 12, and 13 by the axial flow compressor 10 during the start-up and acceleration. , To the computer 15 via the amplifier 14.

In the turbine 30, the temperatures of the inlet and the outlet of the turbine 30 are measured by the temperature sensors 20 and 21 for measuring the total temperature, and the computer 1
Transfer to 5.

The computer 15 supplied with the pressure signals from the pressure sensors 11, 12 and 13 and the temperature signals from the temperature sensors 20 and 21 supplies the pressure amplitude of the axial compressor 10 as shown in FIG. If it is determined that there is no danger of generating a surge due to an increase in the pressure, a signal to close the valves 7, 8, 9 is sent to the valve motor control device 16, and the valve opening / closing motors 17, 18, 19 are operated to release the air. An operation of closing the discharge pipes 4, 5, and 6 of the system to reduce the load on the axial compressor 10 is performed.

On the other hand, if there is a sign of occurrence of a surge, if the turbine inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensors 20 and 21 does not reach the predetermined upper limit, the valves 7, 8 and 9 are turned off to avoid the surge. A signal to open is sent to each of the valve opening / closing motors 17, 18, and 19.

That is, since the axial compressor 10 is mechanically driven by the turbine 30, the coaxial compressor 10 and the turbine 3
When the load on the axial compressor 10 increases by opening the valves 7, 8, 9 between 0 and 0, it is necessary to increase the output of the turbine 30 to compensate for the load.
Since the temperature of the turbine 30 needs to be increased, the upper limit is set so that the temperature of the turbine 30 does not excessively increase.

In the case where the above-mentioned sign of the occurrence of the surge is observed, if the turbine inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensors 20 and 21 exceeds a predetermined upper limit, the turbine 30 is stopped by a command from the computer 15. It will be controlled to make it.

In this embodiment, the signals from the computer 15 are supplied to the valve opening / closing motors 17, 18 and 19 through the valve motor control unit 16 in accordance with the signals from the computer 15 so that the valves 15 and 18 are controlled by a certain amount. The desired control is executed by opening or closing 7, 8, and 9.

By repeating this control during start-up and speed-up, no surge occurs in the axial compressor 10, and the load on the axial compressor 10 is suppressed in the turbine 30 so that the turbine temperature does not exceed a certain upper limit. The opening of the valves 7, 8 and 9 satisfying the condition is set, and when the rotation speed is small enough for the surge, the opening of the valves 7, 8, 9 is increased to increase the speed while avoiding the surge. However, otherwise, it is possible to reduce the load on the axial flow compressor 10 by reducing the degree of opening of the valves 7, 8, 9 to such an extent that a surge does not occur, and to start up in a shorter time than before. .

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrated embodiment, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.
It goes without saying that various changes may be made to the specific structure within the scope of the present invention.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature of the gas turbine and the pressure of the compressor at the time of start-up are measured. closed, when the pressure of the compressor is in surge region is accommodated within the upper limit of the permissible temperature temperature of the gas turbine
As far as possible, the bleed air flow control system of the axial flow compressor is configured to control the bleed air to be released to the atmosphere, so surge can be generated from the compressor pressure when starting the gas turbine device. When it is determined that there is no possibility, the open-to-air system is closed to suppress the release of bleed air to the atmosphere. When the pressure is within the upper limit, the bleed air is released to the atmosphere to reduce the pressure of the compressor and control to avoid the occurrence of surge.

As described above, according to the present invention, the operating condition is monitored from the two aspects of the pressure of the compressor and the temperature of the turbine, so as to avoid wasteful release of compressed air outside the surge occurrence region, thereby suppressing wasteful work. In addition, an efficient system capable of performing appropriate activation in a short time can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a bleed air flow control system for an axial compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a control flow in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a bleed air flow control mode of a conventional axial flow compressor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 2, 3 Bleed pipe 4, 5, 6 Release pipe 7, 8, 9 Valve 10 Axial compressor 11, 12, 13 Pressure sensor 14, 22 Amplifier 15 Computer 16 Motor control device for valve 17, 18, 19 Valve Opening / closing motor 20, 21 Temperature sensor 30 Turbine 40 Combustor

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] The temperature of the gas turbine and the pressure of the compressor at the time of start-up are measured, and when the pressure of the compressor is not in the surge generation region, the bleed air opening system is closed, and the pressure of the compressor is reduced to the surge generation region. Wherein the bleed air is controlled to open to the atmosphere as long as the temperature of the gas turbine is within the upper limit of the allowable temperature .