JP3321647B2 - Automatic control system for fumigation equipment on thatched roof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic control system for an apparatus for fumigating a thatched roof of an ancient Japanese thatched architectural structure preserved as a cultural property, a reconstructed ancient house, an old private house, a general private house, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, Japanese traditional thatched architectural structures, restored ancient dwellings, old folk houses, general folk houses, and the like have been preserved as designated cultural properties of the country, prefectures, or municipalities.

[0003] The majority of these buildings are formed of thatched roofs, and thatched roofing is the most widely used roof construction method since the primitive age.

[0004] Thatched roofs are roofs that are roofed with stalks of kaya (generic names such as japonica, sedge, and pampas grass), and the most frequently used roofing material is papaya, but in warmer regions, pampas grass is used exclusively. It is used, and reeds are widely used in the Suigo area. In addition, thatched that is also called "thatched", rice straw,
In some cases, straw is used as an auxiliary material for the kaya.

[0005] In such a thatched house, a hearth is built in a hall, and when a person lives there, the hearth is used to heat the fire, or to cook or boil water. Or was.

Woods such as oak and oak are used as firewood to be burned in the hearth. When these woods burn, wood smoke (hereinafter simply referred to as smoke) is generated. This smoke is a substance in which the wood components cellulose and lignin are vaporized by thermal decomposition by heating the wood,
This wood smoke contains various organic compounds such as phenolic compounds, aldehyde compounds and acids, and these organic compounds surround the surface of the material to be smoked as a resin film. In addition to preventing the invasion of various germs from the outside, it has the effect of killing the invading germs and has the effect of preventing oxidation of fats and oils.

Therefore, in a house with a thatched roof when people live there, thatched roof and its skeleton are coated with organic compounds in the smoke rising from the trees burning in the hearth, and so-called hearth effect is treated by germs and preservation. Have a service life of about 60 years.

The number of Japanese thatched architectural structures, restored ancient dwellings, old folk houses, general private houses, etc. that need to be preserved are decreasing rapidly in proportion to the decrease in thatched craftsmen. In a private house with a thatched roof that was relocated and repaired as a cultural property, fire handling indoors is strictly prohibited by the provisions of the Fire Service Law, so the fireplace effect obtained when people lived could not be expected, and The current situation is that the number of years has been significantly reduced and it has not been held for 10 years.

In order to increase the service life, it is necessary to fumigate thatched roofs without bringing fire indoors. For this purpose, conventionally, for example, a skilled person generates firewood by burning firewood and sends it to the interior of a house using a fan, a fan, or the like, outside of a thatched private house to be fumigated (eg, a garden). This resulted in a method of fumigation thatch.

[0010] In such conventional fumigation methods, since all rely on humans, the generation of smoke becomes unstable, it is difficult to obtain a desired amount of smoke, the work efficiency is reduced, and the risk of fire is reduced. Is also very large, and there is a problem that the cost increases because a large number of manpower is required.

[0011] To solve this problem, the applicant already has a furnace body which burns wood in a steamed state to generate smoke,
A filing device for a thatched roof with a duct that guides the smoke exhausted from the furnace body and a blower that feeds the smoke from the duct into the interior of thatched house and fumigates thatched roof is patented and patented. (Japanese Patent No. 2610229).

However, in the fumigating apparatus, the amount of air supplied to the furnace body must be adjusted based on experience in order to supply smoke at a certain desired temperature. For this reason, a skilled person is required to operate the fumigation apparatus. Therefore, even an inexperienced person has to operate easily and to obtain the same result as an experienced person. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides an automatic control system that can automatically supply smoke at a certain temperature by using a fumigating apparatus that has already been patented by the applicant. The purpose is to: In addition, it can contribute to the preservation of Japanese thatched architectural structures, restored ancient dwellings, and old private houses as cultural properties.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a furnace body for burning wood in a steamed state to generate smoke, and a duct for guiding smoke exhausted from the furnace body. And a blower for feeding fumes from the duct to the interior of a thatched house to fumigate the thatch, and an air supply port for supplying air to the furnace and adjusting the opening, and a fumigating device for a thatched roof. An automatic control system for automatically sending smoke at a set temperature, the adjusting means for automatically adjusting the opening of the air supply port, and detecting the temperature of the smoke on the duct side. A smoke temperature sensor and a difference Ts obtained by subtracting the set temperature from a temperature detected by the smoke temperature sensor divides a temperature range from negative to positive by a plurality of temperature values Tn (n is an integer of 1 or more) and obtains a temperature value Tn. And a plurality of value ranges [Tn] surrounded by the temperature value Tn + 1 State corresponding to the range of the Zureka is time detection is determined in accordance with the respective range [Tn] t1
n, the opening degree of the air supply port is set to V by the adjusting means in accordance with each of the value ranges [Tn].
a control unit that outputs a signal for performing an operation of increasing or decreasing by n%, and then waits for a standby time t2n determined corresponding to the value range [Tn]; the set temperature; the plurality of value ranges [Tn]; A storage means for storing a plurality of detection times t1n, the plurality of numerical values Vn, and the plurality of standby times t2n. The second invention further includes:
A furnace temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the furnace body side, wherein the control unit is configured to control the plurality of detection times t1n, the plurality of numerical values Vn, and the plurality of values as the detected temperature from the furnace temperature sensor increases. An automatic control system for a fumigation device for a thatched roof, wherein the standby time t2n is reduced. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the case where the control means is configured to reduce the absolute value of the difference Ts by a predetermined amount during the standby time t2n, the effect of increasing or decreasing the opening degree of the air supply port appears. An automatic control system for a fumigating device for a thatched roof, characterized in that the opening degree of the air supply port is controlled to be smaller than the numerical value Vn and to increase or decrease the opening degree. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the control for increasing or decreasing the temperature, when the absolute value of the difference Ts is reduced to 50% of the absolute value of the temperature value Tn, the opening degree of the air supply port is set to 50% of the numerical value Vn. The automatic control system for the fumigation device for a thatched roof, characterized in that the value is increased or decreased.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Fumigation Apparatus) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a fumigation apparatus for a thatched roof according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] This fumigating apparatus accommodates miscellaneous trees,
A smoke generating means for burning the stored mixed wood in a steamed state to generate smoke; and a smoke generating means connected detachably to said smoke generating means for generating smoke generated by said smoke generating means.
And a smoke sending means 4 for feeding the smoke to the air.

[0016] The smoke generating means 1 contains miscellaneous trees,
It comprises a furnace body 6 forming the steaming chamber 5 and an exhaust pipe 8 communicating with the steaming chamber 5 and having an exhaust port 7 at an upper end.

The furnace body 6 is formed in a tubular shape having a required diameter by a steel pipe or the like, and a cover 9 is fixed to a rear end face thereof by welding or the like, and is closed. Is formed, and the input port 10 is
A door 11 for sealing is provided via a hinge 12 so as to be openable and closable.

An air supply port 13 is opened in the sealing door 11, and the opening can be adjusted by an adjustment cover 14.

A roaster 15 is removably installed below the inside of the furnace body 6, and an exhaust port 17 is opened at an upper portion of a rear end portion. The exhaust pipe 8 is provided at the exhaust port 17. At the exhaust port 7 of the exhaust pipe 8, a flame blowout prevention member 18 for preventing blowout of a flame is mounted. The flame blowout prevention member 18 is made of, for example, a stainless steel mesh having an appropriate mesh.

The smoke sending means 4 has an exhaust pipe 19 detachably connected to the exhaust port 7 of the exhaust pipe 8 of the furnace body 6, and an exhaust port 19 detachably connected to the exhaust port 20 of the exhaust pipe 19. Duct 2 where part 21 is attached to indoor 3 of thatched house 2
And 3.

The exhaust pipe 19 is connected to the exhaust pipe 8 through a plurality of bolts and nuts 26 via respective flanges 24 and 25.
Are connected by

The duct 23 is formed in a bellows shape by a flammable member, and has an appropriate length in consideration of the distance between the place where the furnace body 6 is installed and the thatched house 2.

The duct 23 is connected to the exhaust port 20 of the exhaust conduit 19 by a plurality of bolts and nuts 29 via respective flanges 27 and 28.

A blower 30 is interposed at an appropriate position in the duct 23. Specifically, the duct 23 is divided into a furnace body side duct 23a and a thatched house side duct 23b, and the flange 31 at the end of the furnace body side duct 23a is connected to the suction side flange 32 of the blower 30 via bolts and nuts 33. It is also interposed by connecting the flange 34 at the end of the thatched house side duct 23b to the outlet side flange 35 of the blower 30 via bolts and nuts 36.

The blower 30 forcibly sends smoke to the opening side of the duct 23, and is configured such that the amount of smoke sent can be adjusted. Since the blower 30 is conventionally known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

(Operation of Fumigating Apparatus) Next, the operation of the fumigating apparatus according to this embodiment will be described. First, the sealing door 11 of the furnace body 6 is opened, and miscellaneous trees are thrown into the stottle 15 in the steaming chamber 5, and first ignite flammable trees such as wood chips and pruned branches, and ignite the miscellaneous trees using this as a fire. . After igniting the miscellaneous trees, the sealing door 11 is closed again, and the opening of the air supply port 13 is adjusted by the adjustment cover 14. When the ignition is completed in this way, the miscellaneous wood in the furnace body 6 is burned in a steamed state by an appropriate amount of air sucked from the air supply port 13, and the steaming causes the components of the miscellaneous wood to vaporize due to thermal decomposition to generate smoke.

This smoke flows from the exhaust port 17 of the furnace body 6 to the exhaust pipe 8, and from the exhaust pipe 8 to the duct 2 through the exhaust pipe 19.
Flow to 3. Then, the air is sent to the opening side of the duct 23 by the blower 30 arranged in the middle of the duct 23, and is discharged to the indoor 3 of the thatched house 2. Then, the amount of smoke to be sent to the indoor 3 of the thatched house 2 is adjusted by the blower 30. Further, when a flame blows out from the exhaust pipe 8 of the furnace body 6, the flame is blocked by the flame blowout preventing member 18 and the duct 2
Thus, the fire does not flow into the indoor 3 and the fire can be completely shut off for the indoor 3.

In this way, the smoke is sent to the indoor 3 to 20 to
After 30 minutes, the interior 3 is full of smoke. This plume of smoke flows out between the kayaks of thatched roof to the outside or atmosphere.

(Automatic Control System) Next, an automatic control system for controlling the fumigating apparatus and supplying smoke at a constant temperature will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 3, as an adjusting means for automatically adjusting the opening of the air supply port 13, the air supply port 13 is opened and closed via a rod 41 to adjust the opening degree. The electric slider 43 is attached. Further, in order to detect the temperature of the smoke on the furnace body 6 side, an exhaust port 17 of the furnace body 6 is used.
, A furnace temperature sensor 45 is attached. In order to detect the temperature of the smoke on the duct 23 side, a smoke temperature sensor 47 is attached to the end of the exhaust pipe 19.
Further, an outside air temperature sensor 4 for detecting an outside air temperature.
9 is placed exposed to the atmosphere. Cables 51, 53, 55, and 57 connected to the electric slider 43 and the sensors 45, 47, and 49 are connected to the control device 59.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the connecting device 59 includes the electric slider 43, the temperature sensors 45,
Not only 47 and 49 but also a cable 61 of a blower are connected, and a keyboard 63 as an input device and a display 65 as an input / output device are connected to the input / output control unit 67. The input / output control unit 67, a control unit including a program memory 69 and a CPU 71, and a storage device 73 are connected by a bus 75.

Incidentally, such an automatic control system can be configured by connecting a sequencer or a personal computer to the control panel, for example.

(Control) The control performed by the automatic control system shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, the control to be performed in FIG. 4 will be described. When the opening degree of the air supply port 13 is adjusted, when a temperature change accompanying the adjustment occurs rapidly, if the control is further continued without considering the change, a so-called hunting phenomenon or an overshoot phenomenon occurs. Would. In order not to cause such a phenomenon, to obtain the same effect as slowly adjusting the opening while slowly feeling the state of combustion in the furnace, as experienced by an expert in the operation of this fumigating device, Is performed by this control.

That is, it is detected which temperature range [Tn] corresponds to the difference Ts obtained by subtracting the set temperature, for example, 130 ° C., from the temperature detected by the smoke temperature sensor 45 (S1, S4, S7, S10, S13, S14,
S17, S20, S23). This value range [Tn] is obtained by dividing a temperature range from negative to positive into a plurality of ranges, and is a range surrounded by a temperature value Tn (n is an integer of 1 or more) and a temperature value Tn + 1. In the normal setting, that is, when the temperature of the furnace body is 450 ° C. or lower, Tn is set as shown in the leftmost column of FIG.
n] is shown in the leftmost column of FIG.

At this time, when the state corresponding to each value range [Tn] has continued for a predetermined detection time t1n (S1, S2).
4, S7, S10, S13, S14, S17, S20,
In S23), the opening degree of the air supply port 13 is increased or decreased for the first time (S2, S5, S8, S10, S15, S18, S2).
1, S24). When the difference Ts is positive, the air supply port is Vn
% Closed (S2, S5, S8, S10) and the degree of opening decreases. Conversely, when the difference Ts is negative, the air supply port is opened by Vn% (S15, S18, S21, S24), and the opening increases.

After the opening / closing operation is performed, a standby is performed for a predetermined standby time t2n (S3, S6, S9,
S12, S16, S19, S22, S25), the following control is not performed.

When the difference Ts is small (S13), the opening degree is not increased or decreased and the current state is maintained (S26).
These detection times t1n and numerical values V for increasing or decreasing the opening degree
n%, and the waiting time t2n are each in each region [Tn].
It is determined corresponding to. This correspondence is normally set, that is, when the temperature of the furnace body is 450 ° C. or lower, the setting is made as shown in the right three columns of FIG. As a result, each value is actually set in the three columns on the right side of FIG.

In this embodiment, the area of the air supply port is about 28 square cm, and the inner volume of the furnace body is about 0.2 cm.
6 cubic meters.

(Control Result) FIG. 6 shows the result of actual control using such values. First, each graph line in the figure will be described. The set temperature is, for example, 130 ° C. (the optimum temperature is adopted as the temperature of smoke). The opening of the air supply port 13 is initially 100%, but gradually decreases as the smoke temperature increases. The output of the blower is 0% until the temperature inside the furnace is sufficiently increased to generate smoke, and the blower output is operated at, for example, 70% after sufficient smoke is generated. When the furnace temperature rises sharply at the beginning and becomes sufficiently high, the sealing door 11 is closed. As a result, the air is suddenly shut off and the furnace temperature drops sharply. However, when the operation of the blower 30 is started next time, the amount of air sucked in from the air supply port 13 sharply increases. Turn to rise.

When the blower 30 is operated, hot smoke passes near the smoke temperature sensor 47, so that the detected smoke temperature rises rapidly. When the temperature exceeds the set temperature, control is performed to decrease the opening of the air supply port 13, and the smoke temperature decreases. After a short waiting time after the decrease, the opening degree increases again, and the smoke temperature approaches the set temperature again. By repeating such control, the smoke temperature is settled around the set temperature.

In this way, it is possible to suppress hunting in which the waveform indicating the smoke temperature rises and falls sharply around the set temperature and suppress overshoot in which the smoke temperature becomes too high or too low far from the set temperature. Becomes possible.

(High temperature setting) Although not used for the control shown in the results of FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the furnace temperature is set to 4
At a high temperature of 50 ° C. or higher, each value is changed to a small value (FIG. 8). That is, when the furnace temperature becomes high, the detection time t1n, the numerical value Vn for increasing or decreasing the opening,
By changing the standby time t2n to a small value, it is possible to sufficiently quickly cope with the combustion of the furnace which has become high in temperature and sensitively responds to the supply amount of air, thereby enabling stable control.

At a high temperature where the furnace temperature is 450 ° C. or higher, control within a standby time as shown in FIG. 7 is added.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the difference Ts falls within a certain positive value range [Tn] of the temperature (S (1)), the opening is closed by Vn% (S (1)). The effect of (2)) appears, and the standby time is added t2n times (S (3)).
Previously, the difference Ts decreased by more than 50% of the temperature value Tn (S
In the case of (4)), it is determined that the effect appears too quickly, and the correction is performed by increasing the opening by 50% of the numerical value Vn.

As shown in FIG. 7B, when the difference Ts falls within a negative temperature range [Tn] of a certain temperature (S (0
1)), the effect of opening the opening by Vn% (S (02)) appears, and the difference Ts is more positive than 50% of the temperature value -Tn before adding the waiting time t2n degrees (S (03)). Side (S (4)), that is, when the absolute value of the difference Ts is smaller than 50% of the absolute value of the temperature value Tn, it is determined that the effect appears too quickly, and the opening degree is set to a numerical value. The correction is performed by decreasing the value at a value of 50% of Vn.

When the smoke passes between the kayaks, the surfaces of the thatch and its skeleton are coated, sterilized, and preserved by the organic compounds contained in the smoke. In addition, the fumigation work of the thatched roof can be performed efficiently, and the cost can be reduced.

[0048]

As described above, claims 1 and 2,
According to the invention of the third or fourth aspect, an experienced person supplies the air while watching the inside of the furnace, and can operate the fumigating apparatus, which has prevented overshoot and hunting, by automatic control.

That is, it has been found from the research of the inventor that the overshoot and the hunting can be prevented by not increasing or decreasing the air supply too quickly.
In order to realize a gradual increase / decrease, in these inventions, the difference T obtained by subtracting the set temperature from the temperature detected by the smoke temperature sensor is used.
When the state in which s falls within a certain value range [Tn] continues for a certain detection time t1n, the opening degree of the air supply port is increased or decreased for the first time. And the possibility of causing hunting could be suppressed.

Further, after the operation of increasing or decreasing the opening is performed, control is continued after waiting for a predetermined standby time t2n, so that control can be continued after waiting for the effect of increasing or decreasing the opening. It is possible to reduce the possibility of occurrence of shooting and hunting.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the temperature on the furnace body side is increased, overshoot and hunting are more likely to occur, so that the value range [Tn], the detection time t1n,
By changing the numerical value Vn and the standby time t2n to be smaller, more stable control can be performed.

According to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, when the effect of increasing or decreasing the opening degree during the standby time t2n appears, the opening degree is immediately decreased and increased immediately to make the operation more stable. Control can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (A) is a front view of a smoke generating means provided in a thatched roof fumigating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (B) is a block diagram of an automatic control system used in FIG. 1 (A).

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the entire fumigating apparatus for a thatched roof in FIG. 1 (A).

FIG. 4 is a control flowchart of the automatic control system shown in FIG.

5A is a diagram for setting each numerical value in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a correspondence relationship between actual numerical values obtained by the setting of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing data of control actually performed by setting the values of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7A is a flowchart generally showing each stage in order to change the upper four stages in the control flowchart of FIG. 4 when the furnace is at a high temperature. FIG. 5 is a flowchart generally showing each stage in order to change the lower four stages in the control flowchart of FIG. 4 in the case of FIG.

8 (A) shows the setting of numerical values when the furnace is at a high temperature, and corresponds to FIG. 5 (A). FIG. 8 (B) shows the correspondence of numerical values when the furnace is at a high temperature. It is a figure corresponding to (B).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Smoke generating means 2 Thatched house 3 Indoor 4 Smoke sending means 5 Steaming room 6 Furnace body 8 Exhaust pipe 10 Miscellaneous tree input port 11 Sealing door 13 Air supply port 15 Rostor 18 Flame blowing prevention member 19 Exhaust conduit 23a, 23b, 23 Duct Reference Signs List 30 blower 45 rod 43 electric slider (adjusting means) 45 furnace temperature sensor 47 smoke temperature sensor 49 outside air temperature sensor 49 51, 53, 55, 57 cable 59 controller 63 keyboard 65 display 65 67 input / output controller 69 program memory 71 CPU 73 storage device 75 bus 75

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A furnace body for generating smoke by burning wood in a steamed state, a duct for guiding smoke exhausted from the furnace body, and the smoke from the duct being sent to the interior of a thatched house to be thatched. An air blower for fumigation, and an air supply port for supplying air to the furnace body and adjusting the opening degree, controlling a fumigating device for a thatched roof, and automatically feeding smoke at a set temperature. A control system for automatically adjusting an opening degree of the air supply port, a smoke temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of smoke on a duct side, and subtracting the set temperature from a temperature detected by the smoke temperature sensor. The difference Ts is obtained by dividing a temperature range from negative to positive by a plurality of temperature values Tn (n is an integer of 1 or more) and dividing the temperature range into a plurality of value ranges [T surrounded by a temperature value Tn and a temperature value Tn + 1.
n], when the state corresponding to any of the value ranges has continued for the detection time t1n determined corresponding to each of these value ranges [Tn], the opening degree of the air supply port is notified to the adjusting means. Control means for outputting a signal for performing an operation of increasing or decreasing Vn% defined corresponding to each value range [Tn], and thereafter waiting for a standby time t2n defined corresponding to the value range [Tn]; Temperature, the plurality of ranges [T
n], the plurality of detection times t1n, and the plurality of numerical values V
and a storage means for storing the plurality of standby times t2n. An automatic control system for a fumigating device for a thatched roof, comprising: 2. A furnace temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the furnace body side, wherein the control means controls the plurality of detection times t1 as the temperature detected by the furnace temperature sensor increases.
n, the plurality of numerical values Vn, and the plurality of standby times t
2. The automatic control system for a fumigation device for a thatched roof according to claim 1, wherein 2n is changed to a small value. 3. The control means, if the effect of increasing or decreasing the opening degree of the air supply port appears during the standby time t2n, and the absolute value of the difference Ts decreases by a predetermined amount, sets the air flow rate to a predetermined value. 2. The automatic control system for a thatched-roof fumigating device according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the supply port is controlled to decrease and increase with a value smaller than the numerical value Vn. 4. The control of increasing or decreasing the air supply port, when the absolute value of the difference Ts decreases to 50% of the absolute value of the temperature value Tn, sets the opening of the air supply port to 50% of the numerical value Vn. 4. The automatic control system for a thatched roof fumigating device according to claim 3, wherein the value is increased or decreased.