JP3317420B2 - Evacuation rate detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a milling machine,
The present invention relates to a device for detecting the removal rate of so-called mixed rice that has been removed by a pair of removal rolls.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of desquamation rate detection device, mixed rice is passed through a light emitting area where light is emitted from a light emitting element to a light receiving element, and rice and rice are judged from differences in transmitted light quantity. Akira which is especially public 62-32988 and JP-a-4-403
48 and others are well known.

[0003] However, in these loss-rate detection devices, glutinous rice, sake rice, belly-white rice, heart-white rice, dead-blue rice, and the like, all of which are brown rice, are difficult to transmit light as well as rice. Is determined. In addition, when the light emission / reception light amount fluctuates due to dust or dirt in the detection unit, the determination accuracy is significantly reduced.

[0004] On the other hand, there is also known a method in which the time required for rice grains to pass through a slit provided on the light receiving side is measured to judge between rice having different lengths and brown rice (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-1).
However, this method has a problem that when the passing speed of the rice grains changes, the determination accuracy decreases.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, a flow path in which grains are flowed one by one in the longitudinal direction before and after in the transport direction, and a plurality of detecting devices connected in the flow direction of the flow path. That is, the light projecting element 133, the optical fibers 135a to 135d
A grain length detecting device has been proposed which has light receiving elements 134a to 134d and detects the length of the grain based on the number of times the grain interferes with these detecting devices (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-1985). -106576).

[0006] This is used for paddy rice such as glutinous rice and sake rice.
Although brown rice can be determined, there are the following problems. In order to measure the length of the grain with a certain degree of accuracy, the optical fiber 35 must be used.
In addition, it is necessary to connect a large number of light receiving elements 34, which increases the manufacturing cost. In addition, as shown in the sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. There is a problem that it is easy.

Although a CCD (charge coupled device) can be used instead of the light receiving elements 34a to 34d, the signal processing device becomes complicated and the cost becomes higher.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention has a low production cost, can accurately measure the length of rice grains, and can accurately identify paddy and brown rice. It is a technical object to provide a probability detection device.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a device for detecting a prolapse rate. A first detecting means and a second detecting means have a predetermined distance L at a lower end portion of a conveying means for conveying a mixed rice of unhulled rice and brown rice one by one in a length direction thereof, and The distance between the detection means is smaller than the length of brown rice, b. A pulse shaper for shaping the output from the first and second detection means into a pulse signal; From the pulse signals, a first pulse obtained by extracting a rise time difference between two pulse signals or a third pulse obtained by extracting a fall time difference between two pulse signals, and a second pulse obtained by extracting an overlapped portion of both pulse signals. (1) computing means; B. second calculating means for counting the time T1 or T2 and T3 of these two pulses by the clock generating means; Furthermore, a central processing unit that determines the speed of the rice grain based on the calculation result and the predetermined distance L of the first and second detection means, calculates the length, and discriminates between paddy and brown rice,
Is provided. This is a technical measure.

A first pulse obtained by extracting a rise time difference between two pulse signals by the first arithmetic means;
A third pulse from which the difference between the fall times of the two pulse signals is extracted and a second pulse from which the overlapped portion of both pulse signals is extracted are obtained, and the time difference T1, T3, T2 between these three pulses is counted by the clock means. Arithmetic means of
In addition, the this calculation result first, by a predetermined distance L of the second detection means calculates with the length determining the speed of the rice grains, the time T1 of the two pulses removed rising time difference of the pulse signal A central processing unit that calculates a correction value based on the difference between the pulse time T3 from which the difference between the falling times of the two pulses is extracted, and corrects the length of the rice grain with the correction value. May be provided.

[0011]

The rice grains conveyed one by one in the length direction by the conveying means are detected with a time difference by the first detecting means and the second detecting means, and the detection signals are converted into pulse signals by the pulse shaper. Let it be shaped. In the first arithmetic means, a first pulse obtained by extracting a rise time difference between two pulse signals from the pulse signal or a third pulse obtained by extracting a fall time difference between two pulse signals, and a superposition of both pulse signals A second pulse of the extracted part is obtained, and the two pulses are then counted in a second arithmetic means by a clock generated by a clock generating means. Thus, in the central processing unit, the first pulse time T1 from which the rise time difference between the two pulse signals is extracted or the third pulse time T3 from which the fall time difference between the two pulse signals is extracted, and the first detection means The speed at which the rice grains pass through the first and second detection means is calculated from the predetermined distance L of the second detection means and the length, and the length is calculated. Obtain the ratio and output it to a display or the like as the escape ratio.

Further, the time T of the first to third three pulses
When the time T1 of the first pulse is different from the time T3 of the third pulse, it is considered that the rice grain has passed through the first and second detecting means while being bent, and correction is performed based on the time difference. A value is calculated, and the length of the rice grain is corrected by the correction value.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, the mixing rice tank 2 of huller 1 to face the upper end of San pre Ngupaipu 3, connecting the lower end of the sampling pipe 3 into inlet 5 sampling box 4 upper. The sampling box 4 has a shelf-shaped first
A chute 6 is provided, and a second chute 7 connected to the lower end of the first chute 6 and inclined in the opposite direction is provided. Second chute 7 the hopper portion 8 provided on the inclined upper end, with a groove 9 flowing down from the hopper section 8 rice grains one by one grain, the second chute 7 lower first light receiving element composed of a photodiode 10 and the second light receiving element 11
Are embedded at a predetermined distance L, for example, 0.5 mm, and the interval distance is 0.005 mm.
2 is arranged. The upper surface of the sensor base 12 is a glass surface 13
At the same time, the sensor base 12 is provided to be fixed to the lower end of the second chute 7 in the same inclination as the second chute 7. A light emitting element 14 such as a light emitting diode is exposed above the sensor base 12, and the second chute 7 is fixed via a fixture 15 by a substrate case 16 fixed to the inner wall surface of the sampling box 4. Bottom of the sampling box 4 to the sampling box 4 inner wall surface Ru is fixed by the board case 16 fixedly provided with constitutes a hopper shape, the huller 1 AgeKoku machine 17
A return port 18 for returning the measured rice grains is provided therein.

Next, the configuration of the control unit of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The first light receiving element 10 is an amplifier 19
And the second light receiving element 11 is connected to the second pulse shaper 22 via the amplifier 20. The pulse shapers 21 and 22 include first to third AND circuits 23 to 25 and first and second inverters 2.
6 and 27 are connected to a first arithmetic circuit 28. That is, the first pulse shaper 21 is connected to one input terminal of each of the first and second AND circuits 23 and 24, and is connected to one input terminal of the third AND circuit 25 via the second inverter 27. The second pulse shaper 22 is connected to the other input terminals of the second and third AND circuits 24 and 25, and to the other input terminal of the first AND circuit 23 via the first inverter 26. Connected.

The first , second and third AND circuits 23-
25 is a fourth , fifth and sixth AND circuit 29-31 , a clock generator 32 , and first , second and third counters 3
3 to 35 are connected to a second arithmetic circuit 36. That is, the first , second and third AND circuits 2
The output side of the 3 to 25 are the fourth, fifth and sixth AND circuit 2
It is connected respectively to one input terminal of 9-31, fourth, clock generator 32 is connected to the other input terminal of the fifth and sixth AND circuits 29-31.

[0016] Furthermore, the first, the second and third counter 33-35 is connected to the central processing unit 40 comprising a one-chip microcomputer, the central processing unit 4
0 is a display 37 and a roll opening / closing motor 38 for removing the roll.
And a motor drive circuit 39 for driving the motor.

Next, a specific operation in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 80-90% of the raw material paddy is removed by a pair of removal rolls (not shown), becomes mixed rice, and is put into the mixed rice tank 2 by the fryer 17. Is taken into the sampling pipe 3 by a guide gutter or the like, and the intake 5
Is dropped onto the first chute 6 and is supplied to the hopper 8 of the second chute 7 while decelerating.

The mixed rice in the hopper portion 8 sequentially slides in the groove 9 by its own weight in the length direction and in a tandem manner to reach the sensor base 12, where the first and second light receiving elements 10, 11 are arranged.
As the rice grains pass through, the outputs of the first and second light receiving elements 10 and 11 change. This output change becomes a pulse signal by the first pulse shaper 21 and the second pulse shaper 22, respectively. In the first arithmetic circuit 28, the first AND circuit 23 extracts the rise time difference between the two pulse signals. A pulse (see T1) is generated by a second AND circuit 24, a second pulse (see T2) obtained by taking out the overlapping portion of the two pulse signals, and a third AND circuit 25 is used to generate the two pulse signals. A third pulse (see T3) from which the fall time difference is extracted is extracted, and these pulses are supplied to one input terminal of the fourth, fifth, and sixth AND circuits 29, 30, and 31 of the second arithmetic circuit 36. Is output.

At this time, the AND circuits 29, 30,
Since the clock signal from the clock generator 32 is input to the other input terminal of the counter 31, each of the pulses is output in the form of a clock, and the first, second, and third counters 33, 3
4 and 35 count this, and the central processing unit 40
Output to In the central processing unit 40, each count value and one clock time (for example, 1 / 100,000)
), The times T1, T2, T3 of the respective pulses are read.

When the times T1, T2, and T3 are obtained as described above, the length of the rice grain is calculated. That is, the predetermined distance L between the first light receiving element 10 and the second light receiving element 11 and the time T1 (or T3) during which the rice grains pass through this distance L.
To determine the speed of the rice grain, the speed and the time T
2 is used to calculate the length of the rice grain. In this case,
0.005 m distance between the first and second light receiving elements 10 and 11
m is not added because it is very small, but the sum of m may be used as the length.

When the time T1 is different from the time T3, it is regarded that the rice grain has passed through the first and second light receiving elements 10 and 11 while rotating, and the difference between the time T1 and T3 is determined. And the difference between the difference and an experimentally obtained coefficient C (for example,
0.07), a correction value is obtained by adding the correction value to the total length, and if the correction length is set as a corrected length, a relatively accurate length of the rice grain can be obtained even when the rice grain is detected while rotating. You can ask.

In this way, the length of the mixed rice grains flowing down the second chute 7 is determined one by one, and when this length data is taken into the central processing unit 40 by a certain amount, for example, 200 grains, the distribution of each length is obtained. The state is grasped by a histogram or the like (see FIG. 7), and the peak value of the shorter mountain is taken as the length of brown rice (it hardly changes even if the loss rate changes), and the length of this brown rice is 1.4. The average length of the paddy was doubled (value obtained by multiple sampling).
The value obtained by doubling the value is set as the threshold value between the paddy and the brown rice. And
The area ratio between the brown rice mountain and the paddy mountain in the histogram is obtained as the escape rate, and this escape rate is displayed on the display 37, and is compared with a preset escape rate, A drive signal is output from the central processing unit 40 to the motor drive circuit 39 so that the measured slip ratio approaches the set slip ratio, and the roll opening / closing motor 38 is driven to rotate in the forward or reverse direction. Thereafter, every time a fixed amount of length data is accumulated, the escape rate is calculated and displayed, and the threshold value is also corrected.

In the above embodiment, the length is corrected. When the length is not corrected, either the time T1 or the time T3 and the time T2 may be obtained. Is used to calculate the speed of the rice grains, and to calculate the length of the rice grains from the speed and the time T2.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, the determination of the unpolished rice is performed not by judging the unpolished rice or brown rice by the amount of light but by utilizing the shift of the detection signal when the rice grain passes through two adjacent detecting means. Since the length is detected, the determination accuracy does not decrease even if the time required for the rice grain to pass changes. Accuracy is not affected by the color of rice grains or the strength of light transmittance. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish between unpolished rice and brown rice, such as rice and brown rice, as well as to distinguish heterogeneous grains of different lengths such as wheat. It is also possible. Even if the light amount is attenuated due to contamination of the light emitting means or the light receiving means, the determination accuracy does not decrease.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of a loss rate detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a case where the device for detecting a loss rate according to the embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a milling machine.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the above.

FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of the above.

FIG. 5 is a control flowchart of the above.

FIG. 6 is a timing chart for explaining a detection operation.

FIG. 7 is a histogram of the length of rice grains at a removal rate of 80%.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional grain size detecting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 rice milling machine 2 mixed rice tank 3 sampling pipe 4 sampling box 5 intake 6 first chute 7 second chute 8 hopper 9 groove 10 first light receiving element 11 second light receiving element 12 sensor base 13 glass surface 14 light emitting element 15 Fixture 16 Substrate case 17 Fryer 18 Return port 19 Amplifier 20 Amplifier 21 First pulse shaper 22 Second pulse shaper 23 First AND circuit 24 Second AND circuit 25 Third AND circuit 26 First inverter 27th 2 inverter 28 first arithmetic circuit 29 fourth AND circuit 30 fifth AND circuit 31 sixth AND circuit 32 clock generator 33 first counter 34 second counter 35 third counter 36 second arithmetic circuit 37 display 38 roll opening and closing Motor 39 Motor drive circuit 40 Central processing unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-60-106576 (JP, A) JP-A-59-112845 (JP, A) JP-A-2-19748 (JP, A) JP-A-63-1988 101735 (JP, A) JP-A-59-214742 (JP, A) JP-A-57-151804 (JP, A) JP-A-61-230047 (JP, A) JP-A-4-40348 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01N 21/85 B02B 7/00 B07C 5/342

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first detecting means and a second detecting means are provided at a lower end portion of a conveying means for conveying a mixed rice of rice and brown rice one by one in a length direction thereof at a predetermined distance L, and First
A pulse shaper that arranges the interval distance of the second detecting means smaller than the length of brown rice, and shapes the output from the first and second detecting means into a pulse signal, and rises two pulse signals from the pulse signal. A first calculating means for obtaining a first pulse from which a time difference is extracted or a third pulse from which a falling time difference between two pulse signals is extracted, and a second pulse which is obtained by extracting an overlapping portion of both pulse signals, and a clock generating means. A second calculating means for counting the time T1 or T3 and T2 of the two pulses, and a speed and length of the rice grain are obtained from the calculation result and the predetermined distance L of the first and second detecting means. And a central processing unit for calculating rice and discriminating between rice and brown rice. 2. A first pulse obtained by extracting a rise time difference between two pulse signals, a third pulse obtained by extracting a fall time difference between two pulse signals, and
And obtain a second pulse removed overlapping portion of both pulse signals, and a second arithmetic means for counting the time T1, T3, T2 of these three pulses by the clock generating means, and
Further , the speed of the rice grain is calculated and the length is calculated from the calculation result and the predetermined distance L of the first and second detecting means, and the time T1 of the pulse obtained by extracting the rise time difference between the two pulse signals is obtained. A central processing unit for calculating a correction value based on a difference between a pulse time T3 obtained by extracting a fall time difference between the two pulses and a rice grain length using the correction value. Item 7. A device for detecting a loss rate according to item 1.