JP3312858B2 - Purification equipment for fluorinated gas fire extinguishing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for purifying toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride (HF), which are generated when fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas released from fire extinguishing equipment is decomposed by contact with a high-temperature flame or the like. The present invention relates to a purifying device that discharges the air to the outside afterwards.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fire extinguisher has been used as a gas fire extinguishing system in which a fire extinguishing agent is discharged into a fire extinguishing section and the fire extinguishing agent is extinguished by maintaining the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing section higher than the flame-extinguishing concentration. Those using an inert gas such as carbon dioxide or halon gas have been put to practical use.

When an inert gas such as carbon dioxide or halon gas is used as a fire extinguishing agent, these extinguishants are pressurized and liquefied and filled in a fire extinguisher gas storage container composed of a high-pressure gas container to extinguish fire extinguishing equipment. In the event of a fire, use appropriate electrical or pneumatic means to open the container valve of the fire extinguishing agent gas storage container to remove carbon dioxide and halon gas from the fire extinguishing agent gas storage container. From the nozzle to the injection head via a pipe, and discharges from the injection head into the fire extinguishing target compartment. At this time, the inert gas such as carbon dioxide and halon gas is sent in a liquid state to the ejection head, and is vaporized at the moment when the gas is released from the ejection head into the fire extinguishing section, and becomes a gaseous state. To suppress the fire.

A gas fire extinguishing system using an inert gas such as carbon dioxide or halon gas is capable of rapidly suppressing a fire, hardly contaminating a fire extinguishing agent with a fire extinguishing agent, and having an electrical insulating property. That the fire extinguishing agent can penetrate through gaps and exert a strong fire-extinguishing effect even on fire-extinguishing objects with a complicated structure, and that the fire extinguishing agent has a constant fire-extinguishing ability over a long period without aging. It is widely used not only in petroleum-related facilities and electrical facilities, but also in general facilities.

However, in recent years, a problem relating to destruction of the ozone layer has been raised on a worldwide scale, and production of fire extinguishing agents containing halogenated hydrocarbon components such as halon gas was discontinued in January 1994. It is virtually unusable. Accordingly, excluding special fire extinguishing equipment using expensive rare gas such as argon, it can be said that the fire extinguishing agent currently used in gas fire extinguishing equipment is only carbon dioxide.

[0006] On the other hand, fire extinguishing equipment using carbon dioxide as a fire extinguishing agent is also known to have the following problems. (1) The design concentration of carbon dioxide in the fire extinguishing target compartment at the time of fire extinguishing is about 35%. At this concentration, if there is a person in the fire extinguishing target compartment, the toxicity of carbon dioxide (narcotic ) May cause a situation involving human life. (2) In the event of a fire, carbon dioxide is sent to the injection head in a liquid state, and when it is released from the injection head into the fire extinguishing target compartment, it evaporates to a gaseous state. Saturated vapor pressure of the indoor air decreases due to deprivation of heat of vaporization, moisture in the air condenses, and static electricity is generated. As a result, the interior of the room is in a fog condition, which may hinder the evacuation and rescue of people and fire extinguishing work, and may cause insulation failure or breakdown of electronic devices due to condensation and static electricity, which may cause a serious secondary disaster. is there. (3) Since carbon dioxide has a much higher density than air, the carbon dioxide released into the fire extinguishing compartment stays in the lower part of the fire extinguishing compartment and the fire extinguishing effect is reduced. It is easy to dissipate outside through the lower opening. (4) As the issue of global warming is raised on a global scale, the use of carbon dioxide may be restricted in the future, as with halon gas.

[0007]

In order to solve many problems of the conventional gas fire extinguishing system, the applicant of the present invention firstly discloses a perfluoroalkane (perfluorobutane) which does not destroy the ozone layer. (C4F10)), fire extinguishing containing hydrogenofluoroalkane (trifluoromethane (CHF3), heptafluoropropane (C3HF7) or pentafluoroethane (C2HF5)) or hydrogenofluorohalogenoalkane (iodotrifluoromethane (CF3I)) A fire extinguishing system that uses a chemical gas (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as "fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas") has been proposed (see Japanese Patent Application Nos. 6-31690 and 7-77374).

However, when the above-mentioned fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas is used as a fire extinguishing agent for gas-based fire extinguishing equipment, although the fluorine-based fire extinguishing gas itself does not have strong toxicity (narcotic) like carbon dioxide, There has been a problem that the fluorine-based fire extinguishing agent gas discharged from the fire extinguishing equipment causes a chemical reaction by contacting with a high-temperature flame or the like, and a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride is generated as a decomposition product.

The amount of toxic gas generated, such as hydrogen fluoride, depends on the scale and temperature of the fire. Generally, the larger the scale of the fire and the higher the temperature, the smaller the amount of the generated toxic gas. It tends to increase. For this reason, fire extinguishing equipment that uses a fluorine-based fire extinguishing gas is designed so that the required amount of fire extinguishing agent gas is released to the target fire extinguishing compartment in a short time (10 seconds). In order to extinguish a fire in a short time, the amount of toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride can be suppressed to 3 PPM or less, which is generally considered to be safe.

However, if the fire cannot be extinguished in a short time due to the scale of the fire or the like, the amount of toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride may exceed 3PPM. Fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas fire extinguishing equipment that can safely release toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride to the outdoors, more specifically, without keeping toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride in the fire extinguishing compartment where a fire occurred. In addition, there has been a demand for a fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas fire extinguishing system in which the surrounding environment is not polluted by a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride.

In order to meet the above demand, the present invention purifies toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride generated by the decomposition of fluorine-containing extinguishing agent gas emitted from fire extinguishing equipment by contact with a high-temperature flame or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a purifying device that can be discharged to the outside afterwards.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, a purifying apparatus for a fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas fire extinguishing system according to the present invention is provided. A purifying device that purifies toxic gas such as hydrogen and discharges it to the outside. In a purifying device, a toxic gas adsorbing substance that adsorbs toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride is provided by branching an exhaust passage connected to a fire extinguishing section. A fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas that forms a passage and is provided with a passage switching damper for switching between the exhaust passage and the toxic gas adsorption passage.
In purification apparatus of fire extinguishing equipment, the passage switching damper
When opening the toxic gas adsorption passage by switching
Open toxic gas adsorbent stored in
Characterized in that it was.

The purifying apparatus for a fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas fire extinguishing system is a passage switching damper connected to a fire extinguishing section where a fire has occurred, for example, normally disposed at a branch of an exhaust passage used as an air conditioner. By switching
A fluorinated gas discharged from a fire extinguishing system into a fire extinguishing compartment into a toxic gas purification passage provided with a toxic gas adsorbent that adsorbs toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride formed by branching from an exhaust passage By sending
It adsorbs and purifies toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride, which is the decomposition product of a fluorine-based fire extinguishing gas, and then releases it to the outside.

In this case, the toxic gas-adsorbing substance includes one or more of sodium fluoride, silica gel, activated carbon, alumina gel, metal salts such as ferric chloride, and alkali agents such as sodium hydroxide. Can be used.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the purifying apparatus for a fire extinguishing system for a fluorine-containing extinguishing agent gas according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a purifying apparatus for a fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas fire extinguishing system according to the present invention. This purifying apparatus for a fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas fire extinguishing system is, for example, a toxic gas that adsorbs a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride by branching an exhaust passage 1 that is normally used as an air conditioner and connected to a fire extinguishing section. A toxic gas purifying passage 2 in which a filter member 3 containing an adsorbing substance is disposed, and a passage for switching between the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorbing passage 2 at a branch portion between the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorbing passage 2. A first damper 4 that functions as a switching damper and is driven by a driving mechanism 41 such as an air cylinder is provided. In addition, the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorption passage 2 are joined at the downstream side of the branching portion, and an air cylinder or the like that functions as a passage closing damper that closes a fire extinguishing section in the event of a fire at the junction. The second damper 5 driven by the driving mechanism 51 is provided.

The filter member 3 is used as a toxic gas-adsorbing substance so as to efficiently adsorb a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride generated by the decomposition of a fluorine-based fire extinguishing gas by contact with a high-temperature flame. One or more of sodium salts, silica gel, activated carbon, alumina gel, a metal salt such as ferric chloride, and an alkali agent such as sodium hydroxide, etc., which are contained in a carrier such as diatomaceous earth. Can be used.

The thickness and the like of the filter member 3 must be designed for each equipment according to the expected maximum amount of toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas, and the like. However, for example, when a filter member containing sodium fluoride in a diatomaceous earth carrier is used, as shown in FIG. 2, by using a filter member having a thickness of about 30 cm, about 80% of fluoride can be obtained. It was confirmed that hydrogen could be removed (adsorbed).

In this case, the filter member 3 disposed in the toxic gas purification passage 2 is provided with, for example, a first damper 4 and a second damper 4 in order to prevent deterioration of the toxic gas adsorbing substance.
Until the damper 5 is switched to open the toxic gas adsorption passage 2, the filter member 3 containing the toxic gas adsorption substance
A seal member is provided at a contact portion between the first damper 4 and the second damper 5 and the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorption passage 2 so that the filter can be stored in a sealed state. The member 3 is opened by an appropriate opening mechanism in accordance with the switching of the first damper 4 .

In order to improve the efficiency of removing (adsorbing) toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride, the downstream side of the toxic gas adsorption passage 2 provided with the filter member 3 is branched as shown in FIG. The circulation passage 6 provided with the fan 7 may be formed so that a part of the exhaust gas passing through the filter member 3 passes through the filter member 3 again.

Incidentally, in the gas fire extinguishing equipment, there is a case where a pressure relief damper is arranged so that the pressure in the fire extinguishing section does not rise significantly when the extinguishing agent gas is released.
If a pressure relief damper is provided, install the purifying device of the fluorine-based fire extinguishing agent gas fire extinguishing equipment in a dedicated exhaust passage connected to the pressure relief damper or a common exhaust passage connected to this dedicated exhaust passage. To do it.

In this embodiment, the filter member 3 containing a toxic gas-adsorbing substance is arranged to adsorb a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride. As a mechanism for adsorbing poison gas, for example,
In addition to the scrubber device 10 using a liquid toxic gas adsorbing substance such as water or an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide as shown in FIG. 4, an absorbing device, a bubbling device, or the like can be used. However, those using a liquid toxic gas adsorbing substance such as water or an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide require a large-scale facility, and the construction cost and maintenance / maintenance of the facility are large.
There is a problem in terms of management and the like, a book using a filter member 3 containing a toxic gas adsorbing substance, which can be easily attached to existing equipment, is easy to handle, and can be easily replaced. Examples are preferred.

Next, the operation of the purifying device of the above-mentioned fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas fire extinguishing equipment will be described. When a fire occurs, the exhaust passage 1 is connected manually or automatically by driving the second damper 5 disposed at the junction of the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorption passage 2 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. By closing the fire extinguisher compartment and opening the container valve of the fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas storage container, the fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas is sent to the injection head via piping, and is discharged from the injection head into the fire extinguishing compartment. Suppress fire. Thereafter, by driving the first damper 4 disposed at the branch between the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorption passage 2 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, the toxic gas purification passage 2 branched from the exhaust passage 1 is opened. The fluorinated fire extinguishing gas discharged into the fire extinguishing section where the fire occurred is sent to the filter member 3 containing the toxic gas adsorbing substance disposed in the toxic gas purifying passage 2, and the decomposition product of the fluorinated fire extinguishing gas is removed. A certain toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride is adsorbed and purified, and then released outside.

In this case, when a fire is extinguished in a short time or the like, a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride in the fire extinguishing compartment is detected by a gas sensor that detects a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride disposed in the fire extinguishing compartment. For example, when the concentration is 3 PPM or less, which is generally considered to be safe, the first damper 4 disposed at the branch between the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorption passage 2 is connected to the first damper 4 shown in FIG. Without driving in the direction of the arrow, a second arrangement is provided at the junction of the exhaust passage 1 and the toxic gas adsorption passage 2.
By driving the damper 5 in the direction opposite to the arrow in FIG. 1, the fire extinguishing section to which the exhaust passage 1 is connected is opened, and the fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas discharged to the fire extinguishing section in which the fire has occurred is directly discharged outdoors. The control mechanism can be configured to release. Thereby, the deterioration of the filter member 3 containing the toxic gas-adsorbing substance can be prevented, and the filter member 3 can be used continuously.

[0025]

According to the purifying apparatus of the present invention, the fire extinguisher gas extinguishing system is connected to a fire extinguishing section where a fire has occurred, for example, at a branch of an exhaust passage normally used as an air conditioner. By switching the installed passage switching damper, a toxic gas purifying passage provided with a toxic gas adsorbing substance that adsorbs toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride formed by branching from the exhaust passage, By sending in the fluorine-based fire extinguishing gas released from the fire extinguishing equipment, the toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride, which is the decomposition product of the fluorine-based fire extinguishing gas, is adsorbed and purified before being released outside. This ensures that no toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride stays in the fire extinguishing compartment where the fire has occurred and that the surrounding environment is not contaminated with toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride. Can.

When the toxic gas adsorbing passage is opened by switching the passage switching damper, the toxic gas adsorbing material stored in a closed state is opened so that the deterioration of the toxic gas adsorbing material is prevented. Can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a purifying apparatus for a fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas fire extinguishing facility of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the removal rate of hydrogen fluoride from a filter member containing sodium fluoride.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a modified example of the purifying apparatus of the fluorine-based extinguishing agent gas fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a toxic gas adsorption mechanism (scrubber device).

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 exhaust passage 2 toxic gas purification passage 3 filter member 4 first damper (passage switching damper) 5 second damper (passage closing damper)

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-56-28626 (JP, A) JP-A-6-106026 (JP, A) JP-A-5-237324 (JP, A) JP-A-9-96 287805 (JP, A) JP-A-5-293192 (JP, A) JP-A-2-92374 (JP, A) JP-A-1-297128 (JP, A) JP-A-6-3423 (JP, U) 52-109399 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A62D 3/00 B01D 53/34 B01D 53/68 B01D 53/81

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An exhaust passage connected to a fire extinguishing section is provided in a purifying apparatus for purifying a toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride, which is a decomposition product of a fluorine-based fire extinguishing agent gas released from a fire extinguishing system, and discharging the gas to the outside. A toxic gas purifying passage provided with a toxic gas adsorbing substance for adsorbing toxic gas such as hydrogen fluoride was formed, and a passage switching damper for switching between the exhaust passage and the toxic gas adsorbing passage was provided. Fluorine
In the purifying apparatus for a fire extinguisher gas fire extinguishing system, the passage switching is performed.
The toxic gas adsorption passage by switching the damper
, The toxic gas adsorbent stored in a sealed state is opened
A purifying apparatus for a fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas fire extinguishing facility, characterized in that: 2. A toxic gas-adsorbing substance comprising one of sodium fluoride, silica gel, activated carbon, alumina gel, a metal salt such as ferric chloride, and an alkali agent such as sodium hydroxide.
The purifying apparatus for a fluorine-based fire extinguisher gas fire extinguishing facility according to claim 1, wherein at least one kind is used.