JP3308133B2 - Cyclone - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cyclone with variable classification characteristics capable of efficiently removing dust in exhaust gas discharged from a boiler or the like burning coal or heavy oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cyclone used for removing dust in exhaust gas discharged from a boiler or the like burning coal or heavy oil is introduced from a gas introduction pipe a into a separation chamber b as shown in FIG. The exhaust gas is swirled and the dust is separated and deposited on the lower dust bunker c by centrifugal force, while the purified exhaust gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe (inner cylinder) d. It was fixed.

[0003]

However, when the mixing ratio of a plurality of fuels having different components greatly changes (especially at the time of fuel switching) as in the case of co-firing of coal and heavy oil, the dust particle size is reduced. , The dust removal efficiency (collection efficiency) may fluctuate significantly. In such a case, it is often not possible to stabilize the dust removal efficiency only by adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust gas, and it has been desired to stabilize and improve the dust removal efficiency.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cyclone capable of variably adjusting classification characteristics.

[0005]

According to the present invention, means for solving the above-mentioned problems are constituted as follows. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a main body having a cylindrical portion in which a separation chamber is formed and a conical portion provided continuously below the main body, and a direction intersecting the cylindrical portion of the main body. And a detachable gas outlet pipe above the cylindrical portion of the main body.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the main body comprises a plurality of main bodies each having a cylindrical portion and a conical portion having different lengths or diameters. I have.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the gas introducing pipe according to the first or second aspect of the present invention comprises a plurality of gas introducing pipes having different diameters.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the gas outlet pipe according to any one of the first to third aspects comprises a plurality of gas outlet pipes having different diameters.

In the invention described in claim 5 , there is no claim 1.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a throttle mechanism capable of variably adjusting a diameter is provided in the gas outlet pipe.

In the invention according to claim 6 , the separation chamber is provided inside.
And the conical section below it
A cyclone comprising a body portion constituting the bets, the length or the body portion a hole for fitting a plurality of apparatus-side detachably attaching body side detachably attaching freely each having a different cylindrical portion and a conical portion diameters
It is characterized by being provided in .

[0011]

According to the first to sixth aspects of the present invention, by appropriately combining a body part having a different size, a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, the processing capacity is taken into consideration in accordance with the use conditions. The classification characteristics can be changed as appropriate.

[0012]

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the cyclone of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a cyclone constructed so that the dust classification characteristics can be appropriately changed in accordance with use conditions.
A to 1C) are a main body part, 2 is a cylindrical part in which a separation chamber 2a is formed, 3 is a conical part connected below the cylindrical part, 4 is a connection port having a screw groove, and the cylindrical part 2 is have different lengths L ₁ ~L ₃ respectively.

Reference numerals 5 (5A to 5C) denote gas introduction pipes which are detachable from the connection ports 4 of the main bodies 1A to 1C, and have different inner diameters a _{1 to} a ₃ respectively. 6 (6A-6C) are gas outlet section 7 in the gas outlet pipe which is inserted into the second cylindrical portion of the body portion 1A-1C, it has an inner diameter d ₁ to d ₃ respectively different. Reference numeral 8 denotes an inner plug on the upper part of the cylindrical portion 2 of the main bodies 1A to 1C.

The above-mentioned main bodies 1A to 1C and the gas introduction pipe 5
The combinations A to 5C and the gas outlets 6A to 6C can be freely different from each other, and the classification characteristics can be appropriately changed according to the use conditions according to the collection efficiency theory (see FIG. 2) described below. .

(1) The relationship between the inlet wind speed u _i and the critical particle diameter δ is expressed by an equation. _{δ = (18μrk 3 / ρ v} k 4 2) 1/2 · 10 4 · u i -1/2 ... Here, mu: static viscosity coefficient of the gas (g / cm · S), r:
Rotation radius (cm), ρ _v: particles true density (g / cc), k
₃ : a constant determined by the cyclone dimension, k ₄ : a constant determined by the cyclone dimension. From the above equation, when the other operating conditions in the same cyclone are the same, the limit particle diameter δ is inversely proportional to the square root of the inlet air velocity u _i. For example, the inlet wind speed is 20 liters / min to 2 liters / m
When the value becomes in, the critical particle diameter δ becomes 3.2 times, and the collection efficiency decreases. It can be considered that this is because the inertia force of the dust in the gas to be introduced is reduced due to the decrease in the wind speed, and the collision effect is reduced. Therefore, when sampling is performed at a constant flow rate, the diameter a of the gas introduction pipe 5
The trapping efficiency increases when is reduced. However, too much diameter a
Is too small, the pressure loss increases and the processing capacity decreases.

(2) Diameter d of gas outlet pipe 7 and critical particle diameter δ
Is expressed by an equation. log η ₂ / log η ₁ = (d ₂ / d ₁ ) ² ... where η is the collection efficiency, and the relationship of δ∝d is established.
That is, the smaller the diameter d of the gas outlet pipe 7, the higher the collection efficiency. However, if the diameter d is too small, the pressure loss increases, and the processing capacity decreases.

(3) Length L of cylindrical portion 2 and critical particle diameter δ
Is expressed by an equation, and the relation with the collection efficiency η is expressed by an equation. the ^{_{δαu r 1/2 / uθα (L +}} H) 1/4 ... logηα (L + H) n / 4 ... Here, u _r: radial velocity inward, a n ... particle size distribution index. Therefore, as the length L of the cylindrical portion 2 increases, the collection efficiency η slightly decreases.

(4) Diameter D of cylindrical part 2 and critical particle diameter δ
Is expressed by an equation, and the relation with the collection efficiency η is expressed by an equation. _{^{δαu r 1/2 / uθαD -1/4 ... logηαD}} -u / 4 ... the collection efficiency η as the diameter D is increased to a little improvement.

(5) Regarding the influence of the size of the cyclone, δ∝r ^1/2 and log η _m / log η ₁
= (M ⁿ ) ^1/2 , and the trapping efficiency decreases as the cyclone increases. Here, m is a size ratio. Regarding the effect of the cone angle ξ,
The larger the cone angle ξ and the shorter the cone, the better the collection efficiency. However, since the conical surface may be worn, it is not preferable that the cone angle ξ is as small as possible and the diameter d ′ of the dust collection port is too small. On the other hand, the smaller the particle size of the powder (dust) and the smaller the density, the lower the collection efficiency. When the temperature increases, the critical particle size increases, and the collection efficiency decreases.

Based on the above collection efficiency theory, depending on the use conditions, for example, in the case of co-firing of coal and heavy oil,
In consideration of the respective component characteristics, the main body parts 1A to 1C,
By appropriately combining the gas introduction pipes 5A to 5C and the gas deriving sections 6A to 6C, it is possible to set the optimal classification characteristics at a low cost with good setup. It goes without saying that the main body 1, the gas introduction pipe 5, and the gas outlet 6 described above can be prepared in many different sizes.

FIG. 3 shows different lengths L ₁ -L L formed separately in cylindrical holes 11 formed in the main body 1.
₃ of apparatus-side detachably attaching member 12 and a cylindrical portion 2 and conical portion 3 (1
The 2A～12C) to enable loading and unloading, and the gas discharge pipe 7 of different diameters d ₁ to d ₃ which respectively formed separately (7A～7
With apparatus-side detachably attaching can be configured for the gas outlet 6 to C), the gas outlet pipe 7A-7C, so that it can be fitted on top of the apparatus-side detachably attaching member 12 is fitted in the main body 1 It was done. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to extremely easily and cost-effectively set the optimal classification characteristics according to the use conditions. Also in this case, the apparatus-side detachably attaching member 12 and the gas outlet tube 7 is of course be able to be prepared things even more different sizes.

FIG. 4 shows a two-split type cyclone in which a mounting portion 14A in which a gas introduction pipe 5 and a gas discharge pipe 7 are integrated on a main body 13A is detachable.
In this case, the mounting portion 14A is prepared in such a manner that a plurality of combinations in which the inner diameter a of the gas introduction pipe 5 and the inner diameter d of the gas outlet pipe 7 are different from each other are prepared and can be appropriately replaced with the common main body 13A. As in the above-described embodiments, the classification characteristics can be easily and inexpensively set according to the use conditions.

Although not shown, by providing a throttle mechanism operable from the outside in the gas outlet pipe 7, it is possible to change the classification characteristics from the outside very easily without changing the combination of the devices. be able to. The aperture mechanism may be configured, for example, so that the diameter of the opening formed at the center portion can be appropriately changed and adjusted by a plurality of radially arranged opening adjustment plates.

[0025]

As described above, according to the cyclone of the present invention, it is possible to appropriately combine a main body portion having a cylindrical portion and a conical portion of different sizes, a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe. Therefore, the optimum classification characteristics can be set according to the use conditions, and the dust removal efficiency (collection efficiency) can be stably improved even when the fuel is switched.

Further, by providing a throttle mechanism capable of variably adjusting the diameter in the gas outlet pipe, it is possible to more quickly and effectively cope with a change in use conditions, and to maintain and improve the dust removal efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing one embodiment of a cyclone of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of a cyclone.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view showing still another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional cyclone.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 (1A-1C) ... body part, 2 ... cylindrical part, 2a ... separation chamber, 3 ... conical part, 5 (5A-5C) ... gas introduction pipe, 7
... Gas outlet pipe.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shigeyuki Akiyama 2 Higashi-cho, Kichijoin-miya, Minami-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture Inside Horiba Seisakusho Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Fujio Koga 2 Higashi-cho, Kichijoin-miya, Minami-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Address Horiba Seisakusho Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-63-287581 (JP, A) JP-A-5-305271 (JP, A) JP-A-59-4476 (JP, A) JP-A 8-323244 (JP, A) JP-A-60-225661 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B04C 5/04 B04C 5/081 B04C 5/12

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A main body having a cylindrical portion in which a separation chamber is formed and a conical portion provided below the main body, and a gas introduction detachable in a direction crossing the cylindrical portion of the main body. A cyclone comprising: a pipe; and a detachable gas outlet pipe above a cylindrical portion of a main body thereof. 2. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein said main body comprises a plurality of main bodies each having a cylindrical portion and a conical portion having different lengths or diameters. 3. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein the gas introduction pipe comprises a plurality of gas introduction pipes having different diameters. 4. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein said gas outlet pipe comprises a plurality of gas outlet pipes having different diameters. 5. A formed by providing a variably adjustable aperture mechanism of size to the gas outlet pipe claims 1 to 4 Noise
Cyclone as described in Crab. 6. A cylindrical portion in which a separation chamber is formed, and
And a conical portion continuously provided below the body.
Cyclone A cyclone, characterized in that is provided with holes for fitting a plurality of apparatus-side detachably attaching body having a different cylindrical portion and a conical section lengths or diameter freely respectively detachably attaching to the main body portion to be.