JP3307402B2 - Dental implantable table - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP98/01472 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 1, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 1, 1998 PCT Filed Mar. 21, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO98/42273 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 1, 1998A dental implant has a two-sided taper of the head part which is formed by bevels tapering down on both sides of the threaded bore toward the edges of the jaw bone. The bevels form lines of intersection with the circumference of the head part, starting from the edge areas of an end face of the head part and running at a variable height, corresponding to the shape of the upper edges of the jaw bone. A contact body connected to the crown is adapted to the taper at the upper edge of the head of the implant. The two-sided taper may be asymmetrical in design. The surface of the contact body facing the crown corresponds in shape to the head part and has bevels with a corresponding complementary shape. This yields a simplified prosthetic system with integrated security against twisting which has improved mechanical stability in both buccal and lingual directions.

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a screw extending from a head part for receiving an axisymmetrically shaped lower part 2, a head part 3, and a fixing screw for fixing the crown 40 directly or via an intermediate member. The present invention relates to a dental implant which is inserted into a bone and has a hole and means for fixing the crown to the head portion so as not to be twisted.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A compact body consisting of a cylindrical or conical substrate whose outer diameter has recesses suitable for ingrowth in the jaw, such as rough surfaces, cylindrical or conical threads, stepped grooves, etc. Dental implants for mating dentures are known.
The head of the implant is polished and has a central bore, which is designed as a screw hole and serves to receive a threaded pin with a crown attached (German Patent No. 4,028,855 C2, German Patent 3,917,69
0 C2). The crown is supported on a surface on the implant. No attempt has been made to adapt the implant to the natural shape of the bone.

It is also known that a spacer sleeve provided between the crown and the implant has a peripheral step around which the lower edge of the crown is attached (German Patent A 19,509,7).
62). This step is to the upper edge of the head of the implantation table,
It is continuous at an angle at a distance that varies around it, and the transition between the crown and the implant can be controlled by anatomical structural conditions by appropriately choosing the height of the base of the step. Well adapted. Here, the spacer sleeve serves as the head of the implant. The spacer sleeve is closed at its bottom and is designed to be screwed into the base of the implant. The spacer sleeve has a central threaded hole for receiving a threaded pin on which the crown is mounted. The centering collar at the lower end of the spacer sleeve is provided with a vertical projection which engages a corresponding recess in the base to properly position the crown and secure it from twisting.

In this configuration also, the crown is supported on one side without conforming to the natural shape of the bone.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The dental implant of the present invention has a taper on both sides of the head as described in the claims, which extends on both sides of the screw hole in a direction intersecting the direction of the dentition. The slope forms a line of intersection with the circumference of the head, which starts at the edge area of the end face of the head and extends at a variable height corresponding to the shape of the upper edge of the jawbone. The conjugate connected to the crown is tapered at the upper edge of the head of the implant.

The two surfaces may be symmetric in design. Therefore,
A shallow slope is provided on the tongue side of the head, and a steep slope is provided on the cheek side. In this embodiment, the line of intersection of each slope with the circumference of the head extends at different heights on both sides according to the shape of the jawbone.

The implant according to the invention allows a better fit to the anatomy of the jawbone and the soft tissue above the bone. This shape of the implant gives a level difference between the height of the cheek and the height of the tongue, and a fit for the approximate height of the bone, simulating the natural upper edge of the jawbone . In this way, the removal of bone tissue to create a uniform base in the denture system is avoided, the natural bone shape is largely preserved, and it is even possible for the implant to regrow after the implant has healed . In addition, the natural shape of the natural shape of the bone determines the natural shape of the soft tissue, which causes capillary tissue between the implant and the implant.

The shape of the implant head is adapted to the differences in bone levels, thus preventing annular inflammation. As with normal teeth, bone degeneration occurs at another level.

Furthermore, using the membrane technique, this structure has the good effect of inhibiting bone regeneration. Because the head of the implant is tapered, the membrane conforms to the shape of the head of the implant and folds are prevented when the membrane is applied.

The surface of the conjugate facing the crown corresponds to the shape of the head and has a corresponding complementary shaped bevel. This gives a simple denture scheme with built-in security against torsion and has better mechanical stability in the buccal and tongue direction. The slopes of the head of the implant and the corresponding slopes on the joint absorb the forces acting laterally on the implant and prevent shearing forces from occurring in the area of the fixing screws.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a dental implant according to the invention in cross section along its longitudinal axis.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the dental implant table of FIG. 1 in a cross section shifted by 90 degrees.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the implantation table head 1 viewed from the tongue side.

FIG. 4 is a view showing the implantation table head 1 as viewed from the cheek side.

FIG. 5 is a view of the implant table head 1 of FIGS. 3 and 4 as viewed from above.

 FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross section taken along line AA of FIG.

 FIG. 7 is a view showing a cross section taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view showing the implantation table 10 as viewed from the direction C in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a view showing the implantation table 10 as viewed from the direction D in FIG.

 FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the arrangement of natural teeth.

 FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a traditional implantation table method.

FIG. 12 is a view showing an implantation table system according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a partial view of an implantation table head according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a top view of another embodiment of the implantation table head of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a partial view of a joined body according to another embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 16 is a top view of the arrangement of FIG.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 will be described in detail.

The embodiment shown here is a dental implant having a cylindrical implant body 1 consisting of an implant base 2 and a head 3 which are inserted into the bone. The implant head 3 and the base 2 may be designed in one piece as shown, or may be made from two parts and combined in a suitable manner. The implant base 2 has threads 4 on its peripheral surface.
Is provided, whereby the implant is screwed into a pre-drilled hole in the jawbone. The passage 9 at the lower end of the implant base 2 serves to promote the anchoring and adhesion of the implant to the bone. When the implant is inserted, the upper edge of the jawbone extends along the area of the implant head 3.
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the implant head 3 has a taper on both sides formed by slopes 5 and 6 on both sides. With this design, the implant head 3
Is adapted to the shape of the jawbone.

The slopes 5 and 6 are asymmetric in design. Thus, the lingual slope of the inserted implant is less gradual than the opposite slope 6. The slope 6 forms a steeper angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the implant body 1 than the slope 5, thereby intersecting the cylindrical periphery of the head section 3 and having an arcuate shape at different heights on both sides of the implant head 3. Intersecting lines 7 and 8 are formed (FIGS. 3 and 4). In this way, the edge of the implant facing the crown can be largely adapted to the different shapes of the jawbone edges on the lingual and buccal sides.

The top view of FIG. 5 shows that the slopes 5, 6 together with the end face 10 of the implant head form a straight upper edge 11, 12. When the implant is inserted, the marginal areas 13 and 14 of the surface 10 will be around the level of the upper edge of the jawbone between adjacent teeth,
They are at different distances from the intersection lines 7, 8 forming the slopes 5, 6.

After the adhesion and settling phase, the conjugate 20 is placed on the implant head 3 and held in this position by a threaded pin 21 which is screwed into a concentric threaded hole 19 in the implant base (FIGS. 1 and 2). 3). The joint 20 has a guide 22, which in this embodiment is designed as a cylinder which engages a corresponding recess 23 of the implant head 3. The underside of the conjugate 20 is adapted to a shape complementary to the asymmetric shape of the implant head. For this purpose, the joint 20 is provided with inclined surfaces 24, 25 on both sides of the guide cylinder 22.
, Which correspond to the slopes 5 and 6 of the implantation table head 3 and make a joint that conforms to them.
The surfaces 24, 25 also serve as a safeguard against torsion about the axis of the joint 20 with respect to the implant body 1.

The upper side of the joined body has a corresponding design. The angular positions of the inclined top surfaces 26, 27 correspond to the angular positions of the inclined bottom surfaces 24, 25. The outer edge of the surface 26 continues to a horizontal collar 28. A corresponding collar 29 is also at the outer end of the ramp 27. Face 24
And 26 delimit apron 30 as a downward lobe (FIG. 8) and surfaces 25 and 27 delimit apron 31 as a downward lobe (FIG. 9). Aprons 30, 31 are end faces
It extends around the cylindrical portion 33 of the joined body 20 under the ten edge regions 13 and 14. The circumference of the joint 20 increases conically toward the top,
In contrast, the periphery 33 has a slightly concave profile. Similarly, the perimeter of the conjugate 20 increases towards the top in the region of the aprons 30, 31, with a slightly concave profile
This gives rise to the shape of the borderless perimeter 33 of the conjugate 20.

The contour of the crown 40 has slightly concave profiles 33, 34, 35
There are no connections or steps. The crown 40 is adapted to conform to the shape of the joint 20 on its lower side and is attached thereto. An extension 36 of the joint 20 having a shallow depression at its top for receiving a screw head 37 on the pin 21 serves to position and fix the crown 40. Extension 36 may be cylindrical, as shown, or may be of a different shape, such as a pointed conical shape. The crown 40 is attached to the joint 20 by an adhesive or by a set screw 38 from the side. Set screw 38 is guided through hole in crown 40 and
Engage with the lateral screw holes 39 of the extension 36 of the 20.

The thickness of the aprons 30, 31 approximately corresponds to the thickness of the soft tissue formed on the jawbone. This also provides compatibility with anatomical conditions in areas of soft tissue. The shape of the soft tissue is determined by the natural consequences of the fit of the implant head by the taper on both sides of the head portion, so that a capillary structure between the implant and the implant is also created post-operatively. Fig. 10 shows bone 41 and gingiva in natural tooth alignment
42 and the shape of the interdental papillae 43 are shown. The corresponding shape of the tooth arrangement according to the conventional implantation method indicates that the interdental papillae is lost 44 between the implant and the adjacent natural tooth (No. 11).
Figure). FIG. 12 shows that the interdental papilla 45 between the implant table 46 and the adjacent natural tooth 47 is formed by the implantation method according to FIGS.
It shows that this is caused by the level adaptation of bone and soft tissue to its natural shape.

Another embodiment will be described.

13 to 16 show another embodiment of the present invention. No.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 13, the asymmetrical taper at the upper end of the implant head 50 is provided by partial bevels 51 and 52 having a convex surface and leading to the end face 53 of the implant head without edges. The conjugate (not shown) belonging to this embodiment is adapted to the top and bottom of the shape of the implant head 50 as described above.

FIG. 14 shows that in another embodiment of the invention, the implant head 60 has a generally elliptical end face 61 at its upper end. The elliptical end face 61 is derived from the convex faces of the slopes 62 and 63 which are asymmetric in the radial direction. This allows for adaptation to the specific anatomical conditions of the upper margin of the jawbone. Also in this embodiment, a joined body (not shown)
Is adapted to the shape of the implant head 60 on its upper and lower sides.

The top of the conjugate, which serves to fix the crown, is adapted to the axial direction of the crown. 15 and 16 show an extension 66 of an upwardly extending joint 65 in one form.
Are bent in the direction of the crown axis 68 with respect to the implant base body axis 69. The extension 66 is a frictional member 70, which is concentric with the crown axis 68,
It is open toward the axis 69 and has a slope 71 that is continuous with the buccal slope 72 of the conjugate 65. The crown is attached to the joint 65 in the direction of the axis 68. The extension of the upwardly extending joint may be any other shape.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61C 8/00

Claims (18)

(57) [Claims] 1. A head part having (i) an axially symmetric lower part 2, and (ii) slanted surfaces 5, 6, 62, 63 having screw holes 19 and forming mutually angled surfaces at the upper end thereof. And (iii) a hole coupled to the crown 40 and coaxial with the screw hole 19 for contacting with the head part 3 and receiving a fixing screw at the lower end 24, 25 thereof so as to conform to the angled surface. A dental implant that is inserted into a bone, having a joint 20 having: (a) a head portion 3 having an end face 10 defined by the periphery of the head portion 3 and the slope; Screw hole above
Starting from this end face 10 and extending coaxially to the lower part of the implant and serving to receive the fixing screw for the joint 20 adapted to the end face and the slope, (b) the screw hole 19 The edge regions 13, 14 of the end face, located on both sides of the head, serve as a basic level for positioning the implant and the crown, and (c) intersection lines 7, 8 around the bevel and the head.
Starting from the edge regions 13, 14 and extending at varying height levels to match the shape of the jawbone. 2. The slopes 5, 6, 62, 63 are formed asymmetrically and extend at different angles with respect to the axis of the implant, the steeper slope being the buccal (labial) side of the implant. ), The asymmetric slopes on both sides of the head part form terminating edges 7, 8 which extend to different heights around the outer circumference, and the joint 20 has its lower sides 24, 25
2. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the dental implant conforms to the asymmetric shape of the head. 3. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein said slopes are flat surfaces. 4. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein said inclined surfaces are convex surfaces 51 and 52 which become convex curved surfaces in a cross section along the axial direction. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inclined surfaces are convex surfaces which are convex curved surfaces in a cross section along a radial direction, and form a substantially elliptical end surface at an upper end of the implanting base. Item 1 dental implant stand. 6. A joined body 20 has a slope 5 of a head part on an upper part thereof.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the crown has a taper on two sides corresponding to the shapes of 6, 62, 63, and the crown 40 is adapted to the taper.
Clause dental implants. 7. The joint 20 has on its upper side lateral bevels 26, 27 arranged asymmetrically with respect to the axis of the implant, which at least are angularly attached to the asymmetrical slopes 5, 6 of the implant head 3. 3. A dental implant according to claim 2, wherein the dental implant is substantially adapted. 8. The lower and upper asymmetric surfaces 24 of the joint 20;
26, 25, and 27 form aprons 30, 31 with different inclinations, and the apron 31 located on the buccal side of the implant stands at a steeper angle to the implant than the apron 30 on the tongue side 8. The dental implant according to claim 7, comprising: 9. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the ramps have a narrow collar extending at least approximately at a right angle with respect to the axis of the implant. 10. The joined body 20 has a peripheral shape 33, 34, 35 that becomes larger in a conical shape as it approaches the crown 40, and enlarges a base portion for receiving the crown, and forms a peripheral surface of the crown. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the dental implant is adapted to fit smoothly. 11. The increasing peripheral surface of the joined body 20 is concave.
11. The dental implant according to claim 8, wherein the dental implant extends over a peripheral area of the aprons 30,31. 12. The dental dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the joint body has a central hole for receiving a fixing screw and a guide portion which fits into a complementary shaped recess of the implant body. An implant stand. 13. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the conjugate comprises an upwardly extending extension for securing the crown. 14. An extension according to claim 11, wherein the extension of the joint is in the form of a cylinder concentric with the axis of the implant.
13 dental implants. 15. An extension according to claim 15, wherein the extension of the joint is in the form of a cone concentric with the axis of the implant.
13 dental implants. 16. The dental implant according to claim 13, wherein the extension of the joint body is adapted to receive a transverse screw for mounting a crown. 17. The extension (66) of the conjugate (65) may be
At an angle to the axis of the crown
14. The dental implant according to claim 13, wherein the angle is such that 68 is attached to the implant base in an inclined manner. 18. An extension 66 of the joined body 65 is a friction body 70,
18. The dental dental implant according to claim 17, characterized in that it is concentric with the crown axis (68) and projects upwardly from the end face (67) of the joint (65) and opens towards the implant axis (69). Implant stand.