JP3295917B2 - Fireproof glass panel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire-resistant glass panel, and more particularly, to a fire door used for a partition or an opening of a building to prevent spread of fire and diffusion of smoke in a fire. The present invention relates to a fire-resistant glass panel to be used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a refractory glass used for a fire door, a transparent low-expansion crystallized glass plate is mainly used, and this glass plate breaks even when exposed to a high temperature at the time of fire. It is possible to shield the flame without any problem.

However, since a crystallized glass sheet is usually formed by passing molten glass between two rolls, traces of the rolls are likely to remain on the surface, and the appearance quality required as a fire door cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the appearance quality by polishing both surfaces after molding and crystallization, but this kind of glass has a large number of crystals precipitated inside and high hardness, so the polishing time becomes longer, There is a problem that the required cost becomes very high.

Further, the low expansion crystallized glass plate keeps its transparency even at a high temperature and transmits heat rays, so that the temperature of the atmosphere on the non-heating side gradually rises, and finally the flammable on the non-heating side. There is a risk that the object may be ignited.

[0005] Under such circumstances, various fire-resistant glass panels have been proposed in which a plurality of glass plates are opposed to each other at regular intervals and a foaming hydrogel is interposed between the glass plates. In Japanese Patent Application No. 4-21908, Japanese Patent Application No. 4-21908 also discloses a method in which a plurality of glass plates are interposed with spacers adhered and fixed with a sealing material, and a hydrogel is sealed in a gap between the respective glass plates. Has proposed a fire-resistant glass panel made of a low expansion crystallized glass plate.

When such a fire-resistant glass panel is used for a fire door, when exposed to a high temperature at the time of a fire, the hydrogel foams and becomes opaque due to foaming, and does not transmit heat rays. Can be suppressed.

In the case of this fire-resistant glass panel, even if a low expansion crystallized glass plate is used, if only at least one surface is polished, good appearance quality can be obtained. That is, even if the other surface is in an unpolished state, by assembling the panel so that the unpolished surface is in contact with the hydrogel, irregular reflection of light due to the roll mark remaining on the surface of the crystallized glass plate and Since the distortion of the transmission image is suppressed, a glass panel having good appearance quality can be obtained, and the polishing cost can be reduced.

[0008]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the fire-resistant glass panel of No. 21908 uses a spacer made of crystallized glass, ceramic or metal, an adhesive for bonding a plurality of glass plates and the spacer is required, and the bonding operation is very complicated. It is.

Further, since the refractory glass panel is bonded so that the spacer is located between the glass plates having different coefficients of thermal expansion, when the panel is placed in an environment where the temperature changes, the heat is generated near the spacer. There is a possibility that distortion occurs and a good adhesion state cannot be maintained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not crack even when exposed to a high temperature at the time of fire.
It is possible to shield the flame, and it is only necessary to polish at least one surface of the crystallized glass plate, so that the polishing cost can be reduced, and the work of bonding the spacer with an adhesive is unnecessary, Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fire-resistant glass panel that uses glass plates having different coefficients of thermal expansion and maintains a good adhesion state even in an environment where the temperature greatly changes.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire-resistant glass panel in which two transparent glass plates are provided at regular intervals by a double-sided adhesive tape interposed around an opposing surface. Hydrogel is sealed in the gap between each glass plate, one glass plate is made of soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, and the other glass plate is low expansion crystallized glass. Characterized by being manufactured from

In a second embodiment of the fire-resistant laminated glass of the present invention, three or more transparent glass plates are bonded and fixed at regular intervals by a double-sided adhesive tape interposed around the opposing surface. Hydrogel is sealed in the gap between each glass plate, the two outer glass plates are made of soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, and at least one of the other glass plates is It is characterized by being made of low expansion crystallized glass.

The hydrogel used in the present invention is obtained by mixing silica particles with an aqueous solution of an alkali silicate. It is desirable to use a hydrogel composed of silica particles of 50 nm or less, having a total silica concentration of 4 to 37% by weight and a water content of 60% by weight or more.

The low expansion crystallized glass used in the present invention is:
Crystallized glass that has a thermal expansion close to zero when a fire occurs,
Specifically, Li ₂ O 3-5%, Al
20-35% ₂ O _3, 55-70% SiO ₂ , Ti
_{O 2 1~3%, ZrO 2 1~4} %, P 2 O 5 1~5
_{%, Na 2 O 0~4%,} K 2 O 0~4%, Na 2 O
+ Consists K ₂ O 0.5~4%, precipitating β- quartz solid solution ^{crystals, -10~15 × 10 -7 / ℃ (} 30~750
Transparent crystallized glass having a thermal expansion coefficient of (.degree. C.) is preferred.

The soda-lime glass used in the present invention is formed into a plate by a usual float method, and has a size of 80 to 90 ×
It has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 10 ^-7 / ° C.
It is formed into a plate by a normal float method, down draw method or up draw method, and is 20 to 40 × 10 ⁻⁷ / ° C.
It is suitable that both have a coefficient of thermal expansion of, and both have excellent surface quality.

The double-sided adhesive tape used in the present invention desirably has high adhesiveness and water resistance in addition to elasticity. A material in which an acrylic or silicone adhesive is applied to both surfaces of a substrate made of a silicone resin is suitable.

This double-sided adhesive tape is adhered to the periphery of the glass plate. When the glass plates are bonded to each other using this tape, a hole for injecting a hydrogel or a gas vent hole is formed in this bonded portion. The glass plate is adhered over substantially the entire circumference so as to form a notch.

In the case of the fire-resistant glass panel of the present invention, when the hydrogel starts releasing moisture in the event of a fire, the surrounding double-sided adhesive tape is peeled off and the internal water vapor is released. If a gas vent hole is provided, for example, a tape having lower heat resistance than the double-sided adhesive tape is attached to the opening of the hole, even if the hydrogel expands while releasing moisture in the event of fire, the tape is heated by heat. Since the gas vent hole is opened due to the loss of the adhesive force, the water vapor generated inside the panel is easily released to the outside.

Further, the fire-resistant glass panel of the present invention can be used on a panel using two glass plates, on the inner surface of both glass plates, or on a panel using three or more glass plates. By attaching a transparent film for preventing scattering at least to the inner surfaces of the two outer glass plates, even if the glass plate is damaged by a mechanical shock, through holes may be generated or debris may fall. Without
In addition to fire resistance, safety performance can be provided.

When a transparent film for scattering prevention is attached to the surface of the glass plate, for example, a method of attaching the transparent film to the entire surface of the glass plate with an adhesive, or a double-sided adhesive tape on the surface of the glass plate is adhered. A method is adopted in which a transparent film is stuck with an adhesive except for a portion to be formed.

According to the former method, the glass plates are bonded to each other with a double-sided adhesive tape via a transparent film. According to the latter method, the glass plates are bonded directly to each other with a double-sided adhesive tape. become.

As a material of the transparent film for preventing scattering, a fluorine resin, a polyester resin or a polyurethane resin is suitable because of its toughness and high transparency.

[0023]

The fire-resistant glass panel of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, so that it is possible to obtain the following various excellent effects.

When a fire occurs near the fire-resistant glass panel and is exposed to high temperatures, the hydrogel gradually releases moisture to take away heat, and after the moisture of the hydrogel evaporates, an opaque ceramic is formed. Since it becomes a porous body and reduces the transmission of heat rays, an increase in the temperature on the non-heating side is suppressed.

Since at least one glass plate is made of low-expansion crystallized glass, the ceramic-like porous body formed therein sinters or shrinks or melts due to long-term heating, thereby providing heat insulation. Even if it is lost, fire resistance is not impaired, and it can withstand water discharge pressure during fire extinguishing.

In the case of a panel composed of two glass plates, the crystal is formed by assembling the panel such that one surface of the low expansion crystallized glass plate is in contact with the hydrogel even if one surface is not polished. Since irregular reflection of light rays and distortion of a transmitted image due to roll marks on the surface of the glass frit sheet are suppressed, good appearance quality can be obtained, and polishing cost can be reduced. Furthermore, if the panel structure is composed of three or more glass plates and the hydrogel contacts both surfaces of the low expansion crystallized glass plate, there is no need to polish both surfaces of the low expansion crystallized glass plate, which greatly increases the polishing cost. It becomes possible to reduce to.

The periphery of the facing glass plate is adhered by a double-sided adhesive tape, and no spacer is required. Therefore, the attaching operation is very simple, and the weight can be reduced.

Since the double-sided adhesive tape has high elasticity, it adheres glass plates having different coefficients of thermal expansion. Even in an environment in which the temperature changes, the tape absorbs thermal distortion, so that a good adhesive state is maintained. Excellent structural stability is obtained.

By attaching a transparent film for preventing scattering to the inner surface of the two outer glass plates, it is possible to impart safety performance. When three or more glass plates are used, By attaching this transparent film not only to the outer glass plate but also to the inner glass plate, higher safety performance can be imparted.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the fire-resistant glass panel of the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a fire-resistant glass panel 10 of the present invention.

In the figure, a transparent low expansion crystallized glass plate 11 is shown.
And the soda-lime glass plate 12 are opposed to each other with an interval of 1 mm. A hydrogel 13 is sealed in the gap between the glass plates 11 and 12, and the periphery of the glass plates 11 and 12 is double-sided. It is adhered by a tape 14.

The low-expansion crystallized glass plate 11, in weight _{percent, SiO 2 67%, Al 2} O 3 23%, Li 2 O
_{4%, TiO 2 2%,} ZrO 2 3%, P 2 O 5 1
%, A β-quartz solid solution crystal was precipitated, and -3 × 10
^It has a coefficient of thermal expansion of ⁻⁷ / ° C. (30 to 750 ° C.), its dimensions are 914 × 1829 × 5 mm, and only one side is polished.

The soda-lime glass plate 12 is formed into a plate shape by a normal float method, has a surface quality superior to the unpolished surface of the low expansion crystallized glass plate 11, and has dimensions of: It is 914 × 1829 × 3 mm.

The hydrogel 13 is prepared by adding silica particles having an average particle size of 10 nm to an aqueous solution mainly containing potassium silicate having a molar ratio of SiO ₂ / K ₂ O of 3.4 to form a total silica. The concentration was 13.5% by weight and the water content was 85% by weight.

The double-sided adhesive tape 14 is obtained by applying an acrylic adhesive to both surfaces of a base material made of an acrylic resin, and has dimensions of 1 mm in thickness and 10 mm in width.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the fire-resistant glass panel 10 will be described.

First, a low expansion crystallized glass plate 11 is prepared.
The double-sided adhesive tape 14 was adhered over almost the entire unpolished surface. Next, the soda-lime glass plate 12 is adhered to the double-sided adhesive tape 14 so as to overlap the low-expansion crystallized glass plate 11, thereby forming the low-expansion crystallized glass plate 11.
And a soda-lime glass plate 12 opposed to each other at a predetermined interval via a double-sided adhesive tape 14 to form a glass panel having a small hole (not shown) due to the absence of the double-sided adhesive tape 14. Thereafter, the raw material solution of the hydrogel is injected through the small holes of the glass panel, and then the small holes are closed with the double-sided adhesive tape 14 and kept at room temperature for 48 hours to gel the raw material solution. Was prepared.

According to such a manufacturing method, since the low expansion crystallized glass plate 11 and the soda-lime glass plate 12 are bonded by the double-sided adhesive tape 14, the bonding operation is very simple. Observation of the appearance of the fire-resistant glass panel 10 revealed that it was almost the same as the appearance of one soda-lime glass plate formed by the float method.

Next, the fire-resistant glass panel 10 was set on a radiant electric heater such that the soda-lime glass plate 12 was on the non-heating side, and a heating test was performed according to a standard heating curve specified in JIS A-1304. Was served. After the start of heating, the hydrogel 13 expanded while gradually releasing moisture without boiling, changed to a white ceramic-like porous body, and exhibited good heat insulating properties. One hour after the start of heating, the temperature of the electric heater reached 925 ° C., but the surface temperature of the low-expansion crystallized glass plate 11 on the non-heating side was 300 ° C. The soda-lime glass plate 12 had cracks, but the low expansion crystallized glass plate 11 had
No damage was observed.

(Example 2) FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a fire-resistant glass panel 15 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Soda-lime glass plates 17, 18 are provided on both sides of one low-expansion crystallized glass plate 16 at intervals of 1 mm, respectively.
Hydrogels 19 and 20 are sealed in the gaps between the glass plates 16, 17 and 18, respectively.
The periphery of 7 and 18 is adhered by double-sided adhesive tapes 21 and 22.

The soda-lime glass plates 17 and 18 and the double-sided adhesive tapes 21 and 22 of the fire-resistant glass panel 15 are:
The same material as that used in Example 1 was used, and the low expansion crystallized glass plate 16 was made of the same material as
Those having dimensions of 4 × 1829 × 5 mm and unpolished on both sides were used. The hydrogels 19 and 20 are made of SiO ₂
A silica particle having an average particle diameter of 20 nm was added to an aqueous solution containing potassium silicate as a main component having a molar ratio of / K ₂ O of 3.0, and the total silica concentration was 21% by weight and the water content was 75%. % By weight.

The appearance of the fire-resistant glass panel 15 was almost the same as that of Example 1 when observed.

Next, the fire-resistant glass panel 15 was set in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the soda-lime glass plate 18 was on the heating side.
When subjected to the same heating test as in Example 1, the same phenomenon as in Example 1 was exhibited, and good heat insulating properties were exhibited. The surface temperature of the soda-lime glass plate 17 on the non-heating side was 200 ° C. even after one hour from the start of heating. After 2 hours, the soda-lime glass plate 18 on the heating side softened and deformed, and cracks occurred on the soda-lime glass plate 17 on the non-heating side, but no damage was observed on the low expansion crystallized glass plate 16. Was.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 3 also shows a schematic sectional view of a fire-resistant glass panel 23 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Soda-lime glass plates 25 and 26 are provided on both sides of one low-expansion crystallized glass 24 at intervals of 1 mm, respectively, and the inner surface of each soda-lime glass plate 25 and 26 is made of polyester resin. Transparent film 27 for scattering prevention, 2
8 is attached with an acrylic adhesive. Hydrogels 29 and 30 are sealed in the gap between the low expansion crystallized glass plate 24 and each of the glass plates 25 and 26, and the periphery of each of the glass plates 24, 25 and 26 is coated with double-sided adhesive tapes 31 and 32. Glued. The transparent films 27 and 28 have a thickness of about 50 μm, and are attached except for the adhesive portions of the double-sided adhesive tapes 31 and 32.

The glass plates 24, 25, 26 and the double-sided adhesive tapes 31, 32 constituting the fire-resistant glass panel 23
Are all the same as the materials used in Example 2,
The hydrogels 29 and 30 are prepared in an aqueous solution mainly composed of potassium silicate having a molar ratio of SiO ₂ / K ₂ O of 3.4.
Silica particles having an average particle diameter of 7 nm were added so that the total silica concentration was 20% by weight and the water content was 76% by weight.

The external appearance of the fire-resistant glass panel 23 was almost the same as that of the second embodiment.

Next, when this refractory glass panel 23 was subjected to the same heating test as in Example 1 with the soda-lime glass plate 26 as the heating side, the same phenomenon as in Example 1 was exhibited, and good heat insulating properties were obtained. showed that. The surface temperature of the soda-lime glass plate 25 on the non-heating side one hour after the start of heating is 2 hours.
00 ° C. After 2 hours, the soda-lime glass plate 26 on the heating side softened and deformed, and cracks occurred in the soda-lime glass plate 25 on the non-heating side, but no damage was observed on the low expansion crystallized glass plate 24. Was.

Further, this fire-resistant glass panel 23 is
When subjected to a shotback test based on the method of ISR-3205, even if a shotback was hit from a height of 80 cm, only a crack was generated in the soda-lime glass 25 located on the impact side, and the through-hole was formed. No drops or debris fell.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 4 also shows a schematic sectional view of a fire-resistant glass panel 33 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
On both sides of one low-expansion crystallized glass plate 34, two borosilicate glass plates 35 and 36 are provided facing each other with an interval of 2 mm, and on the inner surface of each borosilicate glass plate 35 and 36, The scattering-preventing transparent films 37 and 38 made of a fluororesin are attached. Hydrogels 39 and 40 are sealed in gaps between the low expansion crystallized glass plate 34 and the borosilicate glass plates 35 and 36, respectively.
6 is adhered by double-sided adhesive tapes 41 and 42. The transparent films 37 and 38 are about 50 μm
And is attached except for the adhesive portions of the double-sided adhesive tapes 41 and 42.

The low expansion crystallized glass plate 34 constituting the fire resistant glass panel 33 and the hydrogels 39, 40
Is the same as that used in the third embodiment.
Reference numerals 1 and 42 used the same material as that of Example 3 and had a thickness of 2 mm. The borosilicate glass plates 35 and 36 are formed into a plate shape by a normal up-draw method, have a thermal expansion coefficient of 32 × 10 ⁻⁷ / ° C., and have a 914 × 1
One having a size of 829 × 3 mm was used.

When the appearance of the fire-resistant glass panel 33 was observed, it was almost the same as in Example 1.

Next, when the refractory glass panel 33 was subjected to the same heating test as in Example 1 with the borosilicate glass plate 36 as the heating side, the same phenomenon as in Example 1 was exhibited, and the heat insulating property was good. showed that. The surface temperature of the borosilicate glass plate 35 on the non-heating side one hour after the start of heating was 200 ° C., and the borosilicate glass plate 36 on the heating side softened and deformed two hours later. No damage was observed in 35.

When this fire-resistant glass panel 33 was subjected to the same shot-back test as in Example 3,
Even when a shotback was made to collide from a height of cm, only a crack was generated in the borosilicate glass plate 35 located on the impact side, and a drop of a through hole or a fragment did not occur.

[0055]

As described above, the fire-resistant glass panel of the present invention has excellent fire protection performance, is inexpensive, can be assembled with good workability, and is used as a fire-resistant glass panel used for fire doors. It is suitable.

Further, by attaching a transparent film for preventing scattering to at least the inner surfaces of the two outer glass plates, a fire-resistant glass panel having safety can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a refractory glass panel of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a fire-resistant glass panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant glass panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant glass panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 15, 23, 33 Fire-resistant glass panel 11, 16, 24, 34 Low expansion crystallized glass plate 12, 17, 18, 25, 26 Soda-lime glass plate 13, 19, 20, 29, 30, 39, 40 Hydrogel 14, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42 Double-sided adhesive tape 27, 28, 37, 38 Transparent film 35, 36 Borosilicate glass plate

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-286058 (JP, A) JP-A-3-40944 (JP, A) JP-A-3-50031 (JP, U) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C03C 27/06 101 E04B 1/94 E06B 5/16

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. Two transparent glass plates are opposed to each other by being fixed and fixed at a fixed interval by a double-sided adhesive tape interposed around the opposing surface, and a hydrogel is provided in a gap between the respective glass plates. A fire-resistant glass panel, wherein one glass plate is made of soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, and the other glass plate is made of low expansion crystallized glass. 2. A hydrogel comprising an aqueous alkali silicate solution and silica particles having an average particle size of 50 nm or less, wherein the total silica concentration is 4 to 37% by weight and the water content is 60% by weight or more. The fire-resistant glass panel according to claim 1, wherein 3. The fire-resistant glass panel according to claim 1, wherein a transparent film for scattering prevention is attached to the inner surfaces of the two glass plates. 4. Three or more transparent glass plates are fixedly attached to each other at regular intervals by a double-sided adhesive tape interposed around the opposing surfaces, and a hydrogel is provided in a gap between the respective glass plates. The outer two glass plates are made of soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, and at least one of the other glass plates is made of low expansion crystallized glass. And fire resistant glass panel. 5. A hydrogel comprising an aqueous alkali silicate solution and silica particles having an average particle size of 50 nm or less, wherein the total silica concentration is 4 to 37% by weight and the water content is 60% by weight or more. 5. The refractory glass panel of claim 4, wherein: 6. The fire-resistant glass panel according to claim 4, wherein a scattering-preventing transparent film is adhered to at least the inner surfaces of the two outer glass plates.