JP3294475B2 - Grain drying equipment by solar heat - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain drying apparatus for drying grains by solar heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a grain drying apparatus for drying grains by using solar heat is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-12646.
No. 6 is known. In this conventional grain drying device, warm air is taken in from the upper part of the drying room constituted by the solar heat permeable wall,
A device has been devised to improve the utilization efficiency of solar heat by using high-temperature warmed air staying in the upper part of the drying chamber for drying.

[0003]

In general, in a grain drying apparatus using solar heat, heat energy required for drying the grain can be obtained from sunlight during sunny daylight sunshine, but sufficient heat can be obtained in the morning, evening, or cloudy weather. No energy can be obtained, and solar heat cannot be used in rainy weather or at night.

For this reason, the conventional drying apparatus utilizing solar heat is provided with a thermal heat source by burning fuel as an auxiliary heat source when solar heat is insufficient or cannot be obtained.
With a heat source using thermal power, not only does the clean image of natural drying due to solar heat deteriorate, but also there are problems with safety measures such as fire prevention.In addition, depending on conditions such as the size and installation location of the drying equipment, pollution regulations Therefore, it is extremely undesirable to add a thermal power source to a solar-heated grain drying apparatus that realizes natural drying, environmental protection, and energy saving, and that uses it for life.

[0005] Therefore, it is preferable to use a heat pump as an auxiliary heat source of solar heat because a clean heat energy independent of thermal power can be obtained. However, since the heat pump collects and uses the heat energy of the outside air, the lower the temperature of the air sent to the evaporator, the lower the thermal efficiency. For this reason, when using a heat pump, in the morning or evening when the temperature is low even if it is sunny,
On the other hand, when more auxiliary heat sources are required, such as at night when solar heat cannot be obtained, conversely, sufficient heat energy cannot be obtained, or the operating efficiency is reduced and it is not always possible to contribute to energy saving. .

[0006] In the season of harvesting and drying cereals, the temperature particularly near the surface of the ground decreases during the daytime when cloudy weather or during the night when solar heat cannot be obtained, such as at night. Temperatures at distant altitudes have been found to be significantly higher than temperatures near the surface.

According to the present invention, a condenser of a heat pump is provided in a flow path of heated air to be taken into a grain dryer from an upper portion of a drying house, and high-temperature air in the drying house is kept as it is, and a heat pump is used to minimize the temperature. In addition to using it directly for auxiliary heating, the heat pump evaporator attached to the drying house draws high-altitude air far enough away from the ground surface to generate solar heat as in cloudy daytime or at night. It is possible to efficiently dry the grains without reducing the heat efficiency of the heat pump even during times when it is not possible, and it does not detract from the clean image of natural drying by solar heat. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar-heat-based grain drying apparatus capable of continuing required drying even when the apparatus is not provided.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above-mentioned object, a solar-heat-based grain drying apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that warm air is circulated in a drying house constituted by sunlight-permeable walls while circulating grains. In a grain dryer equipped with a grain dryer for ventilation drying, a suction duct for heated air to be taken into the grain dryer is extended to the upper part of the drying house so that air from the upper part of the drying house is taken into the grain dryer. In the drying house, a heat pump is also installed as an auxiliary heat source for solar heat, and the condenser of the heat pump is placed in the flow path of the heated air taken into the dryer from the upper part of the drying house, and the evaporator is placed outside the drying house. Provided respectively,
Extending the evaporator air intake duct upwards, the temperature significantly higher than the temperature near the ground surface at an altitude well away from the ground surface
It is configured to take in outside air.

[0009]

According to the present invention, since the air in the upper part of the drying house is taken into the grain dryer, the high temperature air in the drying house is used as it is for drying the grain, and the heat pump is used to minimize the air. It can be used for grain drying with direct auxiliary heating.

According to the grain drying device using solar heat according to the present invention, since the outside air is taken into the evaporator from a high place sufficiently distant from the ground surface and is blown, the solar heat is obtained as in cloudy daytime or at night. Even at a time when it is not possible, the air is blown at a relatively high temperature, and the heat efficiency of the heat pump is not reduced.

[0011]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of a grain drying apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a grain dryer partially cut away, and FIG. It is a front view.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a drying house, and the drying house 1 is formed of a sunlight transmitting wall (for example, a phylon plate). In addition, the drying house 1 may be configured such that only the roof is a solar heat permeable wall, or the constituent wall is a hollow double wall structure so as to reduce heat dissipation from the inside.

In the drying house 1, a grain dryer 2 is provided. As shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, the grain dryer 2 has a grain storage room 3 in an upper stage, a ventilation drying unit 4 in a middle stage, and a grain collection room 5 in a lower stage. The ventilation drying unit 4 is configured such that a porous hot air chamber 6 and a porous exhaust air chamber 7 are alternately arranged to form a grain distribution lower passage 8 therebetween, and the grain distribution lower passage 8 is a grain storage chamber 3. And the grain collection room 5. At the lower end of each grain distribution lower route 8, a grain feeding roll 9 is provided. A grain collecting screw 10 is provided at the bottom of the grain collecting chamber 5 and a grain distribution screw 11 is provided at an upper end of the grain storage chamber 3. The grain collecting screw 10 and the grain distribution screw 11 are connected by an elevator 12. Have been. Then, the cereal stuck in the cereal storage room 3 flows down to the cereal collection room 5 through the ventilation drying unit 4, and is circulated and dried by the ventilation drying unit 4 while being circulated by the cereal collection screw 10, the elevator 12, and the cereal distribution screw 11. It has a configuration.

At one end of the ventilation drying section 4 of the grain dryer 2,
A suction duct 13 for heated air communicating with the hot air chamber 6 of the ventilation drying section 4 is connected to the suction duct 13, and the suction duct 13 is extended to an upper portion in the drying house 1. The upper part of the air is taken into the air drying part 4. The exhaust chamber 7 of the ventilation drying section 4 is open to the grain collecting chamber 5, and the exhausted air after drying is sucked by the exhaust fan 14 through the grain collecting chamber 5 and discharged outside the drying chamber 1 through the exhaust duct 15. It is supposed to be.

The drying house 1 is provided with a heat pump 16 as an auxiliary heat source for solar heat.
Is provided in a flow passage formed by the suction duct 13. Further, the evaporator 18 of the heat pump 16 is provided outside the drying house 1, and the evaporator 18
The air intake duct 19 extends upward so that the evaporator 18 can take in the outside air at a height sufficiently away from the ground surface (about 1 to 10 m from the ground surface). Since the higher the temperature of the outside air to be taken into the evaporator 18, the better the temperature of the layer is. Therefore, if the position of the outside air intake by the air intake duct 19 of the evaporator 18 is changed by searching for the high temperature layer, It is suitable.

In the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above, when the sun is shining, sunlight enters the drying house 1 and the air temperature in the drying house 1 rises due to solar heat. Then, the high-temperature air stays in the upper part in the drying chamber 1. Since the suction duct 13 for sucking heated air into the ventilation drying unit 4 of the grain dryer 2 is extended to the upper part in the drying house 1, the drying unit 4 is passed through the suction duct 13 and the upper part in the drying house 1 is dried. The warm air having a high temperature staying in the air is sucked. For this reason, in the sunshine, the grains flowing down the ventilation drying section 4 are ventilation-dried only by solar heat.

On the other hand, when the solar heat cannot be obtained during the daytime when cloudy weather or at night when solar heat cannot be obtained, or when the sunshine is not sufficient even in fine weather such as in the morning or in the evening, the air in the upper part of the drying house 1 is removed. Although the temperature also decreases, when the temperature of the heated air sucked into the ventilation drying unit 4 falls below a predetermined value, the heat pump 16 of the auxiliary heat source automatically operates, and the heat generated on the condenser 17 side causes Air sucked from the upper part of the drying house 1 to the ventilation drying unit 4 is heated, and the ventilation drying unit 4 is supplied with heated air at a predetermined temperature.

As described above, since the air in the upper part of the drying house 1 is introduced into the ventilation drying part 4, the high temperature air in the drying house 1 can be used as it is for drying the cereal during sunshine and solar heat cannot be obtained. However, since air having a relatively high temperature stays in the upper part of the drying house 1, the auxiliary heat source by the heat pump 16 is required at a minimum, and the air sucked into the ventilation drying unit 4 is directly heated to dry the grain. Can be used efficiently.

As shown in the figure, the evaporator 18 of the heat pump 16 is usually installed near the ground surface.
The air 8 is taken in at a high place sufficiently away from the ground surface by an air intake duct 19 extending upward. And the air temperature at a high place sufficiently away from the ground surface is
Even in the daytime when cloudy weather or at night when no solar heat is available, the temperature near the ground surface is considerably higher than the temperature near the ground surface, so the outside air should be blown to the evaporator 18 of the heat pump 16 from a high place sufficiently far from the ground surface. Accordingly, the heat efficiency of the heat pump 16 does not decrease. Therefore, the grain can be dried efficiently even when the solar heat is not available, using the heat pump 16 as an efficient auxiliary heat source.

[0020]

According to the present invention, the condenser of the heat pump is provided in the flow path of the heated air taken into the dryer from the upper part of the drying house, and the high temperature air in the drying house is kept as it is by the heat pump. in addition to utilizing to assist heat directly to the required minimum, the land of sufficiently away heights from the ground surface to the evaporator of the heat pump which houses the dry house
By incorporating external air of significantly higher temperature than the surface temperature near, without reducing the thermal efficiency of the heat pump in a time zone where solar heat is not obtained as in the daytime cloudy weather or at night, effectively the drying of cereals It can be performed, and the effect of continuing required drying can be obtained even when solar heat is insufficient or solar heat cannot be obtained without degrading a clean image of natural drying by solar heat.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of a grain drying device using solar heat according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing a grain dryer provided in a drying house.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drying house 2 Grain dryer 3 Storage room 4 Ventilation drying part 5 Grain collecting room 6 Hot air room 7 Exhaust air room 8 Grain distribution lower way 9 Grain feeding roll 10 Grain collecting screw 11 Grain distribution screw 12 Elevating machine 13 Suction duct 14 Air blower 15 Exhaust air duct 16 Heat pump 17 Condenser 18 Evaporator 19 Ventilation intake duct

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-5-126466 (JP, A) JP-A-61-276683 (JP, A) JP-A-61-276682 (JP, A) JP-A-53-115897 (JP, A) , A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 59-54053 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 61-186095 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-25134 (JP, B1) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB Name) F26B 23/00, 21/00, 17/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A grain drying apparatus provided with a grain drying machine for circulating grains and circulating the grains in a drying house constituted by sunlight-transmitting walls to perform ventilation drying. The suction duct is extended to the upper part of the drying house so that the air in the upper part of the drying house is taken into the grain dryer.The drying house is equipped with a heat pump as an auxiliary heat source for solar heat, and the condenser of the heat pump. Are installed in the flow path of the heated air to be taken into the dryer from the upper part of the drying house, and the evaporators are respectively provided outside the drying house, and the air intake duct of the evaporator is extended upward and sufficiently separated from the ground surface. Temperature near the ground surface at high altitude
A grain drying apparatus using solar heat, characterized in that it is configured to take in outside air at a temperature considerably higher than the temperature .