JP3290166B2 - How to build a fish reef - Google Patents
How to build a fish reefInfo
- Publication number
- JP3290166B2 JP3290166B2 JP35198199A JP35198199A JP3290166B2 JP 3290166 B2 JP3290166 B2 JP 3290166B2 JP 35198199 A JP35198199 A JP 35198199A JP 35198199 A JP35198199 A JP 35198199A JP 3290166 B2 JP3290166 B2 JP 3290166B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- habitat
- seabed
- valley
- fish reef
- fish
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、自然環境を破壊す
ることなく海底に魚礁を構築する工法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a fish reef on the seabed without destroying the natural environment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】魚礁は、コンクリートで種々の形状に成
形して海底に設置している。海底に魚礁を設置すると、
潮流や海流で流動する海水が衝突して上昇流となり、あ
るいは渦流を発生する。さらに、潮流が衝突する反対側
には、海水の流れが少なくなる静穏な棲息環境が実現さ
れる。魚礁は、海水を上下に流動させることによって、
海水中あるいは海底に棲息している魚の餌となる微生物
や微小動物を撹拌して、魚が好んで集まる領域を設ける
ことができる。また、静穏な場所を設けて魚の快適な棲
息環境とすることができる。2. Description of the Related Art Fish reefs are formed into various shapes with concrete and installed on the sea floor. When a fish reef is installed on the seabed,
Seawater flowing in a tidal current or ocean current collides and becomes an updraft or generates a vortex. Further, on the opposite side of the tidal current, a calm habitat environment in which the flow of seawater is reduced is realized. Fish reefs move seawater up and down,
Microorganisms and micro-animals serving as food for fish living in the seawater or on the sea floor can be stirred to provide an area where fish prefer to gather. In addition, a calm place can be provided to provide a comfortable habitat for fish.
【０００３】このことを実現するために、従来は陸上で
所定の形状に成形したコンクリート製の魚礁を海底に沈
設し、あるいは海中に人工的な岩礁を構築する方法が開
発されている（特開平４−１２１１３１号公報）。しか
しながら、コンクリート製の魚礁は、全体の形状が極め
て大きくて重いので、魚礁の製造コストが高く、また、
大きな魚礁を海底の決められた位置に設置するために、
設置費用も極めて高くなる欠点がある。また、コンクリ
ート製の魚礁は、天然の岩礁とは表面状態が極めて異な
るために、海草が繁殖するまでに時間がかかり、また、
海草を餌として微小動物が棲息するようになるまでに
は、極めて長い期間を必要とする欠点がある。[0003] In order to realize this, a method has conventionally been developed in which a concrete fish reef molded into a predetermined shape on land is submerged on the sea floor or an artificial rock reef is constructed in the sea (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 9 (1994)). 4-121131). However, concrete reefs are extremely large and heavy overall, making them expensive to manufacture.
In order to set up a large reef at a fixed location on the sea floor,
There is a disadvantage that the installation cost is extremely high. Also, concrete reefs have a very different surface condition from natural rock reefs, so it takes time for seagrass to propagate,
There is a disadvantage that it takes a very long time before micro-animals inhabit by feeding on seaweed.
【０００４】このような欠点を解消する魚礁として、海
底に多数の捨石を投入して魚礁を設け（特開平６−１１
６９５６号公報）、あるいは、大きな石を網篭に入れ
た、通称「蛇篭」と呼ばれる魚礁（実開昭５５−１３３
７７０号公報）を海底に設置する方法も開発されてい
る。As a fish reef that solves such a drawback, a large number of rubbles are put on the seabed to provide a fish reef (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 6-11).
No. 6956), or a fish reef called a “gabion” in which a large stone is placed in a net cage (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 55-133)
No. 770) has been developed on the sea floor.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】海底に投石する方法
は、比較的安価に魚礁を構築できる。しかしながら、こ
の工法は海底に高い山形の魚礁を設けるのが極めて難し
い。それは、捨石の比重が大きくて重いために、船上か
ら投石したときに捨石が海底に埋没してしまうからであ
る。さらに、多数の捨石を投石して山形に積み重ねて
も、捨石の重さで次第に海底に沈降して、短期間で低く
なる欠点がある。The method of stoning on the seabed can construct a fish reef at relatively low cost. However, this method is extremely difficult to set up a high mountain shaped reef on the sea floor. This is because the rubble has a large specific gravity and is buried on the seabed when thrown from a ship. Further, even if a large number of rubbles are thrown and stacked in a mountain shape, there is a disadvantage that the rubbles gradually sink to the seabed due to the weight of the rubble, and become low in a short period of time.
【０００６】さらに、天然石を網に入れた蛇篭は、全体
が大きくて重くなるので、投入コストが高くなる欠点が
ある。また、蛇篭も比重が大きくて重いので、次第に海
底に沈降して、海底に埋もれてしまう欠点がある。さら
に、捨石や蛇篭は天然石を使用するので、コンクリート
製の魚礁に比較すると安価ではあるが、海底に山形の魚
礁を構築するためには、極めて多量の天然石を使用する
必要があって、構築コストを安価にするのが難しい。[0006] Further, a gabion in which a natural stone is put in a net has a disadvantage that the input cost is high because the whole is large and heavy. Gabions also have the drawback that they have a large specific gravity and are heavy, so that they gradually sink to the seabed and are buried under the seabed. Furthermore, although rubble and gabions use natural stones, they are cheaper than concrete fish reefs.However, in order to construct a mountain-shaped fish reef on the sea floor, it is necessary to use an extremely large amount of natural stones, and construction costs are high. Difficult to make cheap.
【０００７】本発明は、この欠点を解決することを目的
に開発されたものである。本発明の重要な目的は、極め
て経済的に、しかも理想的な状態で魚の棲息環境を実現
できる魚礁の構築方法を提供することにある。The present invention has been developed to solve this drawback. An important object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a fish reef that can realize a fish habitat in an extremely economical and ideal state.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は海底に魚礁を構
築する方法である。本発明の構築方法は、海底の一部を
上から掘削して海水を静穏な状態で停滞させる魚の棲息
谷間領域１を設ける。さらに、この棲息谷間領域１の近
傍には、掘削した土砂または岩石を山形に積み重ねて、
流動する海水を上昇流とする上昇流動壁２を設ける。本
明細書において、掘削した土砂とは、海底を掘削すると
きにできる土砂であって、砂、土、泥、れき、石、ある
いは、これ等の混合物を含む広い意味で使用する。さら
に、掘削した岩石とは、海底の岩礁や岩石層を掘削する
ときにできる岩石であって、堆積層よりさらに下層の岩
盤を掘削する場合も含むものとする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a method for constructing a fish reef on the sea floor. According to the construction method of the present invention, there is provided a valley region 1 where fish are inhabited by excavating a part of the seabed from above to keep the seawater calm. Furthermore, in the vicinity of the habitat valley region 1, excavated earth and sand or rocks are stacked in a mountain shape,
An ascending flow wall 2 is provided that uses flowing seawater as an ascending flow. In the present specification, excavated earth and sand is earth and sand formed when excavating the seabed, and is used in a broad sense including sand, soil, mud, debris, stone, or a mixture thereof. Further, the excavated rock is a rock formed when excavating a reef or a rock layer on the seabed, and includes a case where a rock layer below the sedimentary layer is excavated.
【０００９】本発明の魚礁の構築方法は、好ましくは、
海底の海岸側あるいは潮流の下流側に棲息谷間領域１を
設けて、沖側または潮流の上流側に上昇流動壁２を設け
る。さらに、本発明の魚礁の構築方法は、複数の棲息谷
間領域１と上昇流動壁２とを隣接して設けることによっ
て、海底の広い領域に魚の棲息領域を設けることができ
る。The method for constructing a fish reef of the present invention is preferably
A habitat valley region 1 is provided on the shore side of the sea floor or downstream of the tidal current, and an ascending flow wall 2 is provided offshore or upstream of the tidal current. Furthermore, the fish reef construction method of the present invention can provide a fish habitat in a wide area on the sea floor by providing a plurality of habitat valley regions 1 and ascending flow walls 2 adjacent to each other.
【００１０】さらに、本発明の魚礁の構築方法は、棲息
谷間領域１と上昇流動壁２との間に、杭３を並べて垂直
に海底に打ち込むことにより、上昇流動壁２の土砂が棲
息谷間領域１に流動するのを少なくできる。Further, according to the method of constructing a fish reef of the present invention, the piles 3 are arranged and driven vertically into the seabed between the habitable valley region 1 and the rising flow wall 2, so that the sediment of the rising flow wall 2 is habitable valley region. Flow to one can be reduced.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基
づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施例は、本発明
の技術思想を具体化するための魚礁の構築方法を例示す
るものであって、本発明は魚礁の構築方法を下記の方法
には特定しない。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples illustrate a method of constructing a reef for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the method of constructing a fish reef in the following method.
【００１２】さらに、この明細書は、特許請求の範囲を
理解し易いように、実施例に示される部材に対応する番
号を、「特許請求の範囲の欄」、および「課題を解決す
るための手段の欄」に示される部材に付記している。た
だ、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施例の部材に
特定するものでは決してない。Further, in this specification, in order to make it easy to understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments will be referred to as “claims” and “ In the column of “means”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.
【００１３】図１は本発明の方法で構築された魚礁を示
す。この図の魚礁は、コンクリート製の魚礁ブロックを
海底に設置するのではない。海底の一部を掘削して棲息
谷間領域１を設ける。棲息谷間領域１は、たとえば、専
用の作業船で、海上から掘削して設ける。棲息谷間領域
１は、潮流や波等で流動する海水の流動を少なくして静
穏な状態に停滞させて魚のすみかとする領域である。FIG. 1 shows a fish reef constructed by the method of the present invention. The reefs in this figure do not have concrete reef blocks on the sea floor. A part of the seabed is excavated to provide a habitat valley region 1. The habitat valley region 1 is provided by, for example, excavating from the sea with a dedicated work boat. The inhabited valley region 1 is a region where the flow of seawater flowing due to a tidal current, a wave, or the like is reduced so that the seawater stagnates in a calm state and forms a home for fish.
【００１４】図１に示す棲息谷間領域１は、海底に堆積
する土砂を掘削して設けている。海底の堆積物は、主に
砂や泥や石等であるので、これ等が堆積した海底は、極
めて簡単に掘削して棲息谷間領域１を設けることができ
る。棲息谷間領域は、海底の土砂と一緒に、すでに海底
に沈められている捨石やコンクリートブロック等を掘り
起こして設けることもできる。さらに、図示しないが、
堆積層が薄く岩盤に近い海底では、堆積層だけでなく下
層の岩盤まで掘削して棲息谷間領域を設けることもでき
る。さらにまた、堆積層がなく、海底が岩礁や岩盤にな
っている海域では、直接に岩石層を掘削して棲息谷間領
域を設けることができる。岩盤を掘削して設けた棲息谷
間領域は、流動し難く、長期間にわたって静穏な状態に
保持できる。The inhabited valley region 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided by excavating earth and sand deposited on the sea floor. Since the sediment on the seabed is mainly sand, mud, stones, etc., the seabed on which these are deposited can be excavated very easily to provide the habitable valley region 1. The inhabited valley region can be formed by excavating rubble, concrete blocks, or the like that have already been submerged on the seabed, together with the soil on the seabed. Further, although not shown,
On the seabed where the sedimentary layer is thin and close to the bedrock, the habitat valley area can be provided by excavating not only the sedimentary layer but also the lower layer bedrock. Furthermore, in a sea area where there is no sedimentary layer and the seabed is rocky or rocky, the rock layer can be directly excavated to provide a habitat valley area. The habitat valley region formed by excavating the rock is hard to flow and can be kept in a calm state for a long period of time.
【００１５】棲息谷間領域１は、海底を広い面積で深く
掘削して、大きな領域とする。たとえば、棲息谷間領域
１の開口面積は、１０〜２０００ｍ２、好ましくは５０
〜１０００ｍ２、さらに好ましくは１００〜５００ｍ２
とする。棲息谷間領域１の開口面積は、海底に隣接して
設ける個数と魚礁を設ける領域の面積によっても調整す
る。海底に隣接して多数の棲息谷間領域を設ける場合、
ひとつの棲息谷間領域の開口面積を小さくして、海底の
広い面積に魚礁を構築できる。The inhabited valley region 1 is formed as a large region by deeply excavating the seabed with a large area. For example, the opening area of the habitation valley region 1 is 10 to 2000 m 2 , preferably 50 m 2 .
~1000m 2, more preferably 100~500m 2
And The opening area of the inhabited valley region 1 is also adjusted by the number provided adjacent to the sea floor and the area of the region where the fish reef is provided. If there are many habitat valley areas adjacent to the sea floor,
By reducing the opening area of one habitat valley area, a fish reef can be constructed on a large area on the sea floor.
【００１６】さらに、棲息谷間領域１の開口面積は、海
底の状態と耐用年数によっても最適な大きさがある。海
底が岩盤に近い状態で潮流や海流によって流動しない比
較的安定した状態にあるときには、棲息谷間領域１の開
口面積を小さくして、耐用年数を長くできる。しかしな
がら、海底が潮流等で流動しやすい土砂の場合、経時的
に棲息谷間領域１に土砂が流入して浅くなるので、棲息
谷間領域１の開口面積を大きく、いいかえると、ひとつ
の棲息谷間領域１を大きくして、耐用年数を長くする。Further, the opening area of the habitat valley region 1 has an optimum size depending on the condition of the seabed and the service life. When the seabed is in a relatively stable state in which the seabed is close to the bedrock and does not flow due to a tidal current or an ocean current, the opening area of the habitat valley region 1 can be reduced, and the service life can be increased. However, in the case where the seabed is easy to flow due to a tidal current or the like, the sediment flows into the inhabited valley region 1 with time and becomes shallow, so that the opening area of the inhabited valley region 1 is large, in other words, one inhabited valley region 1 To increase the service life.
【００１７】棲息谷間領域１の深さは、開口部の大きさ
を考慮して最適値とする。大きく開口している棲息谷間
領域は、深く掘削する。また、海底の状態によっても、
最適な深さに調整する。海底の地盤が岩盤に近くて流動
しない場合、棲息谷間領域を深くできる。海底が流動し
やすい土砂の場合、棲息谷間領域を浅く、開口面積を広
くして、土砂が棲息谷間領域に流入するのを少なくす
る。The depth of the habitat valley region 1 is set to an optimum value in consideration of the size of the opening. Excavations are deeply excavated in large open valley areas. Also, depending on the condition of the seabed,
Adjust to the optimal depth. If the seafloor ground is close to the bedrock and does not flow, the habitat valley area can be deepened. In the case where the seabed is easy to flow, the shallow valley area is shallow and the opening area is widened to reduce the inflow of sediment into the habitable valley area.
【００１８】棲息谷間領域１の深さ（ｄ）は、棲息谷間
領域１の開口部の直径（Ｄ）を１００とするとき、たと
えば、１０〜１００、好ましくは２０〜８０、さらに好
ましくは２５〜５０とする。The depth (d) of the habitat valley region 1 is, for example, 10 to 100, preferably 20 to 80, and more preferably 25 to 50 when the diameter (D) of the opening of the habitat valley region 1 is 100. 50.
【００１９】棲息谷間領域１を掘削するときにできる海
底の土砂や岩石は、棲息谷間領域１の近傍に山積みして
上昇流動壁２を設ける。上昇流動壁２は、潮流や波で流
動する海水を上昇流とする。上昇流は、海水中の微小動
物や、海底に棲息している魚の餌となる微生物や微小動
物を海水といっしょに撹拌する。撹拌された海水には多
量に魚の餌が含まれ、魚が好んで集まる領域を実現す
る。Sediment and rocks on the sea floor formed when excavating the habitable valley region 1 are piled up near the habitable valley region 1 to provide an ascending flow wall 2. The ascending flow wall 2 uses seawater flowing by a tide or a wave as an ascending flow. The upflow agitates micro-animals in the seawater and microorganisms and micro-animals that feed on the fish living on the seabed together with the seawater. The agitated seawater contains a large amount of fish food, creating an area where fish prefer to gather.
【００２０】図１に示す上昇流動壁２は、流動する海水
をスムーズに上昇流とするために、海水の流動方向に向
かって、次第に勾配が急峻になる山形としている。図１
に示す魚礁は、海底の海岸側に棲息谷間領域１を設け
て、沖側に上昇流動壁２を設けている。この配列の魚礁
は、海岸に向かって打ち寄せる波による海水の流動で海
水を上昇流動壁２に沿って流動させて上昇流とする。上
昇流動壁２の頂上を通過した海水は、上昇流動壁２の下
流側で渦流となる。この領域は海水が速く流動すること
はないが、海水が渦流でゆっくりと撹拌されて、魚の好
適な餌場となる。さらに、図１の魚礁は、上昇流動壁２
の下流側を掘削して、棲息谷間領域１としているので、
海水の流れを静穏な状態として、ここに棲息する魚にと
って好適な餌場となる。上昇流動壁２を越えた上昇流と
共に、多量の餌が含まれる海水が棲息谷間領域１にゆっ
くりと運ばれるからである。The rising flow wall 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a mountain shape with a gradually increasing gradient in the flowing direction of the seawater in order to make the flowing seawater smoothly flow upward. FIG.
In the fish reef shown in (1), a habitat valley region 1 is provided on the shore side of the seabed, and an ascending flow wall 2 is provided on the offshore side. In the fish reef of this arrangement, the seawater flows along the rising flow wall 2 by the flow of the seawater due to the waves rushing toward the shore, thereby forming an upward flow. The seawater that has passed over the top of the rising flow wall 2 forms a vortex downstream of the rising flow wall 2. In this area, the seawater does not flow fast, but the seawater is slowly swirled and vortexed, making it a good feeding ground for fish. Furthermore, the fish reef of FIG.
Is excavated on the downstream side of the valley to make it a habitat valley area 1.
The calm state of the seawater flow makes this a suitable feeding ground for the fish that live here. This is because the seawater containing a large amount of food is slowly carried to the inhabited valley region 1 together with the ascending flow over the ascending flow wall 2.
【００２１】上昇流動壁２は、高くするほど海水を効率
よく上昇流とすることができる。上昇流動壁２は、棲息
谷間領域１を掘削した土砂や岩石を山積みして構築され
る。したがって、大きくて深い棲息谷間領域１を設ける
魚礁にあっては、上昇流動壁２も高くて大きくなる。上
昇流動壁２の高さと底面積の比率も、棲息谷間領域１の
開口面積と深さの比率と同じように、海底の状態で最適
値とする。海底が岩盤に近いものであって、流動しにく
い岩石の場合、上昇流動壁を高くして底面積を小さくす
る。流動しやすい土砂の海底は、上昇流動壁を低くして
底面積を大きくする。山積みした土砂が流動して上昇流
動壁のくずれを少なくするためである。The higher the rising flow wall 2, the more efficiently the seawater can be made to flow upward. The ascending flow wall 2 is constructed by stacking earth and sand and rocks excavated in the habitable valley region 1. Therefore, in the fish reef where the large and deep habitat valley region 1 is provided, the rising flow wall 2 is also high and large. The ratio between the height and the bottom area of the ascending flow wall 2 is also set to an optimum value in the state of the sea bottom, similarly to the ratio between the opening area and the depth of the habitable valley region 1. If the seabed is close to the bedrock and the rock is difficult to flow, the ascending flow wall is raised to reduce the bottom area. The seabed of the earth which is easy to flow lowers the rising flow wall to increase the bottom area. This is because the piled earth and sand flows to reduce collapse of the rising flow wall.
【００２２】したがって、好ましくは上昇流動壁２の高
さは、棲息谷間領域１の深さにほぼ等しく、底面積は棲
息谷間領域１の開口面積にほぼ等しくする。Therefore, preferably, the height of the rising flow wall 2 is substantially equal to the depth of the habitable valley region 1, and the bottom area is substantially equal to the opening area of the habitable valley region 1.
【００２３】図１の魚礁は、海底の海岸側に棲息谷間領
域１を設けて、沖側に上昇流動壁２を設けているが、沖
合いに構築する魚礁は、潮流の下流側に棲息谷間領域１
を設けて、上流側に上昇流動壁２を設ける。潮流等の海
水の流動で効率よく上昇流を発生させるためである。The fish reef shown in FIG. 1 has a habitat valley region 1 on the shore side of the seabed and an ascending flow wall 2 on the offshore side. The fish reef constructed offshore has a habitat valley region on the downstream side of the tidal current. 1
And the rising flow wall 2 is provided on the upstream side. This is for efficiently generating an upflow by the flow of seawater such as a tidal current.
【００２４】図２に示す魚礁は、棲息谷間領域１と上昇
流動壁２との間に、杭３を並べて垂直に固定して、上昇
流動壁２の土砂が棲息谷間領域１に流入するのを防止し
ている。この魚礁は、海底に並べて杭３を垂直に固定す
る。杭３は、隙間なく一列に並べて海底に打ち込み、あ
るいは、多少隙間ができる状態で一列にならべて海底に
打ち込んで固定する。隙間なく一列に並べた杭３は、上
昇流動壁２の土砂が棲息谷間領域１に流入するのを最も
効果的に阻止できる。間に隙間ができるように海底に打
ち込んだ杭３は、杭３の本数を少なくして、上昇流動壁
２の土砂が棲息谷間領域１に流入するのを制限できる。In the fish reef shown in FIG. 2, piles 3 are arranged and fixed vertically between the habitat valley region 1 and the rising flow wall 2 so that the sediment of the rising flow wall 2 flows into the habitation valley region 1. Preventing. In this fish reef, the pile 3 is fixed vertically while being arranged on the sea floor. The piles 3 are arranged in a row without any gap and are driven into the seabed, or are piled in a row with some gaps and are driven into the seabed and fixed. The piles 3 arranged in a line without any gap can most effectively prevent the earth and sand of the rising flow wall 2 from flowing into the habitable valley region 1. The piles 3 driven into the seabed so as to form a gap therebetween can reduce the number of the piles 3 and restrict the inflow of the sediment of the rising flow wall 2 into the habitable valley region 1.
【００２５】杭３を固定した後、一列に並べている杭３
の一方の側を掘削して棲息谷間領域１とする。棲息谷間
領域１を掘削するために掘削した土砂を、杭３の反対側
に山積みして、上昇流動壁２を構築する。この構造の魚
礁は、上昇流動壁２と棲息谷間領域１とを接近して配設
して、しかも上昇流動壁２の土砂が棲息谷間領域１に流
入するのを防止できる。このため、棲息谷間領域１を深
くして、ここの海水をより静穏な状態に停滞させること
ができ、しかも上昇流動壁２と棲息谷間領域１の耐久性
を著しく長くできる特長がある。After fixing the piles 3, the piles 3 arranged in a line
Is excavated to form a habitable valley region 1. Sediment excavated to excavate the habitable valley region 1 is piled up on the opposite side of the pile 3 to construct the rising flow wall 2. In the fish reef having this structure, the rising flow wall 2 and the habitat valley region 1 are arranged close to each other, and furthermore, the sediment of the rising flow wall 2 can be prevented from flowing into the habitation valley region 1. For this reason, the habitat valley region 1 is deepened, and the seawater here can be stagnated in a more calm state, and the durability of the rising flow wall 2 and the habitat valley region 1 can be significantly increased.
【００２６】魚礁は、海底の広い領域に構築して、集魚
効果を高くできる。したがって、本発明の魚礁は、好ま
しくは、図３ないし図５に示すように、複数の棲息谷間
領域１と上昇流動壁２とを隣接して構築する。これ等の
図において、クロスハッチングの部分は上昇流動壁２
で、点線を付した領域は棲息谷間領域１である。The fish reef can be constructed in a wide area on the seabed to enhance the effect of collecting fish. Accordingly, the fish reef of the present invention preferably has a plurality of habitat valley regions 1 and rising flow walls 2 adjacent to each other as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. In these figures, the cross-hatched portion is the rising flow wall 2
The region indicated by the dotted line is the inhabited valley region 1.
【００２７】図３の魚礁は、沖側に横に並べて上昇流動
壁２を構築し、上昇流動壁２から海岸側に棲息谷間領域
１を並べて構築している。この構造の魚礁は、海岸に沿
って魚礁を構築できる。In the fish reef shown in FIG. 3, an ascending flow wall 2 is constructed side by side on the offshore side, and a habitat valley region 1 is arranged from the ascending flow wall 2 to the coast side. With this structure, a reef can be built along the coast.
【００２８】図４の魚礁は、上昇流動壁２と棲息谷間領
域１とを海岸と平行に横に並べて配列すると共に、上昇
流動壁２の間に棲息谷間領域１を配設している。この配
列は、上昇流動壁２の間を通過した海水を棲息谷間領域
１の上方に流動させることにより、棲息谷間領域１の上
の潮通しをよくできる。In the fish reef of FIG. 4, the rising flow wall 2 and the habitat valley region 1 are arranged side by side in parallel with the coast, and the habitat valley region 1 is provided between the rising flow wall 2. This arrangement allows the seawater passing between the rising flow walls 2 to flow above the habitable valley region 1, thereby improving the tide over the habitable valley region 1.
【００２９】さらに、図５に示す魚礁は、複数列に上昇
流動壁２と棲息谷間領域１とを横に並べて、海底のより
広い領域を魚の棲息領域としている。Further, in the fish reef shown in FIG. 5, the ascending flow wall 2 and the inhabited valley area 1 are arranged side by side in a plurality of rows, and a wider area on the seabed is used as a fish inhabited area.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明の魚礁の構築方法は、極めて経済
的に、しかも理想的な状態で魚の棲息環境を海底に構築
できる特長がある。それは、本発明の魚礁の構築方法
が、従来のように、陸上で大きくて重いコンクリート魚
礁ブロック等を製作して、これを海底に設置する必要が
ないからである。本発明の魚礁の構築方法は、海底の一
部を上から掘削して魚の棲息谷間領域を設け、この棲息
谷間領域に海水を静穏な状態で停滞させて魚を棲息させ
る領域とし、さらに、この棲息谷間領域を設けるために
掘削するときにできる土砂や岩石を、棲息谷間領域の近
傍に山形に積み重ねて、流動する海水を上昇させる上昇
流動壁を設ける。この構築方法は、海底の土砂や岩石を
掘削してその近傍に移動させることにより、棲息谷間領
域と上昇流動壁の両方を構築できる。このため、極めて
経済的に海底に魚礁を構築できる。また、掘削して山積
みされた海底は、表面にヘドロ等が堆積していても、撹
拌されて綺麗な状態となる。The method for constructing a fish reef according to the present invention has the advantage that a fish habitat can be constructed on the seabed in an extremely economical and ideal manner. This is because the method for constructing a fish reef according to the present invention does not require a large and heavy concrete fish reef block or the like to be manufactured on the land and installed on the seabed as in the related art. In the method for constructing a fish reef of the present invention, a part of the seabed is excavated from above to provide a habitat for a fish, and a seawater is stagnated in a calm state in the habitat and a habitat for a fish. Sediment and rocks produced when excavating to provide a habitat valley area are piled up in the vicinity of the habitat valley area in a mountain shape, and an ascending flow wall is provided to raise flowing seawater. According to this construction method, both the habitat valley region and the ascending flow wall can be constructed by excavating and moving earth and sand or rocks on the seabed to the vicinity thereof. For this reason, a fish reef can be constructed extremely economically on the seabed. In addition, the seabed excavated and piled up is agitated and beautiful even if sludge or the like is deposited on the surface.
【００３１】磯釣される海底においては、多量の餌が底
に沈降してヘドロ状となっていることがある。この状態
の海底にあっては、海底を掘削して棲息谷間領域とし、
さらに、掘削した土砂を山積みして上昇流動壁とするこ
とにより、ヘドロが撹拌されて綺麗な海底に復元でき
る。このため、海底に海草等が繁茂しやすくなり、ま
た、微小動物等も繁殖して魚がより快適に棲息できる状
態にできる特長もある。On the seabed where surf fishing is performed, a large amount of bait sometimes sinks to the bottom to form a sludge. In the seabed in this state, the seabed is excavated to make a habitat valley area,
In addition, the excavated earth and sand is piled up to form an ascending flow wall, so that the sludge can be agitated and restored to a clean seabed. For this reason, seaweeds and the like easily prosper on the seabed, and there is also a feature that micro-animals and the like can breed and fish can more comfortably inhabit.
【図１】本発明の実施例の構築方法で構築された魚礁を
示す概略断面図FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fish reef constructed by a construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の他の実施例の構築方法で構築された魚
礁を示す概略断面図FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fish reef constructed by a construction method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】複数の棲息谷間領域と上昇流動壁とを隣接して
構築した魚礁の一例を示す平面図FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a fish reef in which a plurality of habitat valley regions and an ascending flow wall are constructed adjacent to each other.
【図４】複数の棲息谷間領域と上昇流動壁とを隣接して
構築した魚礁の他の一例を示す平面図FIG. 4 is a plan view showing another example of a fish reef in which a plurality of habitat valley regions and an ascending flow wall are constructed adjacent to each other.
【図５】複数の棲息谷間領域と上昇流動壁とを隣接して
構築した魚礁の他の一例を示す平面図FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another example of a fish reef in which a plurality of habitat valley regions and an ascending flow wall are constructed adjacent to each other.
１…棲息谷間領域 ２…上昇流動壁 ３…杭 1: Habitation valley area 2: Ascending flow wall 3: Pile
Claims (5)
底の一部を上から掘削して海水を静穏な状態で停滞させ
る魚の棲息谷間領域(1)を設け、この棲息谷間領域(1)の
近傍に、掘削した土砂または岩石を山形に積み重ねて流
動する海水を上昇流とする上昇流動壁(2)を設け、この
棲息谷間領域(1)の開口面積を１０〜２０００ｍ ２ と
し、かつ、棲息谷間領域(1)の深さ（ｄ）を、棲息谷間
領域(1)の開口部の直径（Ｄ）を１００とするとき、１
０〜１００の範囲としてなることを特徴とする魚礁の構
築方法。In a method for constructing a fish reef on the seabed, there is provided a fish habitat valley region (1) for excavating a part of the seafloor from above and stagnating seawater in a calm state, and the habitat valley region (1) in the vicinity, the rising flow wall seawater flowing by stacking excavated soil or rock, Yamagata and upward flow (2) is provided, this
And 10～2000M 2 the opening area of the habitat valley region (1)
And the depth (d) of the habitat valley area (1)
When the diameter (D) of the opening of the region (1) is 100, 1
A method for constructing a fish reef, characterized by being in the range of 0-100 .
て、沖側に上昇流動壁(2)を設けてなる請求項１に記載
される魚礁の構築方法。2. A method for constructing a fish reef according to claim 1, wherein a habitat valley region (1) is provided on the shore side of the seabed, and an ascending flow wall (2) is provided on the offshore side.
て、上流側に上昇流動壁(2)を設けてなる請求項１に記
載される魚礁の構築方法。3. The method for constructing a fish reef according to claim 1, wherein a habitat valley region (1) is provided on the downstream side of the tidal current, and an ascending flow wall (2) is provided on the upstream side.
とを隣接して設けてなる請求項１に記載される魚礁の構
築方法。4. A plurality of habitat valley regions (1) and a rising flow wall (2).
2. The method for constructing a fish reef according to claim 1, wherein the method is provided adjacently.
に、杭(3)を並べて垂直に海底に打ち込む請求項１に記
載される魚礁の構築方法。5. The method for constructing a fish reef according to claim 1, wherein the piles (3) are arranged and driven vertically into the seabed between the habitat valley region (1) and the rising flow wall (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35198199A JP3290166B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 1999-12-10 | How to build a fish reef |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35198199A JP3290166B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 1999-12-10 | How to build a fish reef |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001161211A JP2001161211A (en) | 2001-06-19 |
| JP3290166B2 true JP3290166B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 |
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ID=18420961
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP35198199A Expired - Fee Related JP3290166B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 1999-12-10 | How to build a fish reef |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006025700A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Fisheries Research Agency | Method for enhancing production power of sea area |
| CN104798707B (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2017-05-10 | 上海市长江口中华鲟自然保护区管理处 | Artificial fish reef construction method using sandy beach in estuary intertidal waters as foundation |
| CN111549723A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-18 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | River beach fish habitat structure and construction method thereof |
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1999
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