JP3288134B2 - Camera integrated video recording device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera which can be applied to a multi-mode camera-integrated VTR which can collectively perform camera shooting, compression signal processing, and VTR recording in a plurality of television broadcasting standards. The present invention relates to an integrated video recording device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a camera-integrated VTR (hereinafter referred to as a camcorder) employs various television broadcasting systems (NTSC, PA).
L), and the mode selection is such that a tape speed can be switched. FIG. 20 shows an example of the configuration of a camcorder described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-40165.

In FIG. 20, a video signal output from a known circuit including an optical system 161, an image sensor 162, a camera signal processing circuit 163, and the like is added to a time code generated by a time code generator 166 by an adder 164. Are multiplexed based on the character signal generated by the character generator 165. This video signal is an audio signal (A
audio) and four kinds of pilot signals (4f) used for the tracking control of the four-frequency method, are converted into a recording signal of a signal form suitable for recording in the recorder signal processing circuit 167, and then the amplifier 168 is supplied with a PG pulse of 30 Hz. The data is alternately recorded on the magnetic tape 171 by the rotary heads 170a and 170b via the head switch 169 that is switched. A technique for discriminating between the standard mode and the long-time recording mode using the pilot signals of the four frequencies is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 60-89854 and 59-89.
It is described in, for example, US Pat.

[0004]

However, since a single camcorder does not support a plurality of television standards in a conventional camcorder, a plurality of camcorders must be prepared and used depending on the application. As the broadcasting system becomes more diversified, the demands for exchanging program software tapes between other countries and the production of multi-system common software increase, and the current VTR
Inconveniences and inconveniences in operation, such as the need for multiple units, will surface. Therefore, a single VTR compatible with a multi-broadcast system has been desired.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a camera such as a multi-mode camera-integrated VTR which can collectively perform camera shooting, compression signal processing, and video recording in a plurality of television standards with one camcorder. An object of the present invention is to provide a body type video recording device.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a camera-integrated video recording apparatus comprising: an imaging unit for outputting video signals corresponding to a plurality of television broadcasting standards; and a plurality of video signals corresponding to the video signals output from the imaging unit. Compression means for compressing the information amount of the video signal output from the imaging means, a television broadcast standard mode setting means capable of selecting a television broadcast standard to be recorded by a user operation, Recording means for recording a video signal output from the means and an identification signal for identifying the mode set by the TV broadcast standard mode setting means on a recording medium; and a video signal set by the TV broadcast standard mode setting means. Control means for associating and controlling the imaging operation of the imaging means, the compression operation of the compression means, and the recording operation of the recording means according to a television broadcasting standard mode Characterized in that with a.

Another camera-integrated video recording apparatus of the present invention has a plurality of image pickup modes, and includes an image pickup means for outputting a video signal and a plurality of compression modes corresponding to the video signal output from the image pickup means. Compression means for compressing the amount of information of the video signal output from the imaging means, image quality mode setting means capable of selecting the image quality to be recorded by a user's operation, and a video signal output from the compression means. Recording means for recording, on a recording medium, an identification signal for identifying the mode set by the image quality mode setting means; and an imaging mode of the imaging means according to the image quality mode set by the image quality mode setting means. It is characterized in that it comprises mode switching means for switching in association with the compression mode of the compression means.

[0008]

[0009]

In the camera-integrated video recording apparatus of the present invention, the imaging operation, compression operation, and recording operation can be controlled in accordance with a plurality of television broadcasting standards selected by the user.
Further, in another camera-integrated video recording apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of imaging modes and a plurality of image quality modes can be switched in conjunction with each other according to the image quality mode.

[0010]

[0011]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a multi-mode compatible camera capable of collectively handling camera shooting, compression signal processing, and VTR recording in a plurality of television standards for a current broadcasting system and a future high definition television (HDTV). Camera-integrated digital V
1 shows a configuration of a TR (hereinafter, referred to as a camcorder). As the multi mode, 1. imaging mode; 2. compression mode and There are three main modes of the recording mode, and each mode will be described below in detail with reference to FIG.

1. Selection of Imaging Mode In FIG. 1, a subject image is photoelectrically converted by a CCD as a solid-state imaging device incorporated in an HDTV camera (hereinafter, referred to as an HD camera) 1 and output as a high-definition HD signal having a large amount of information. . This HD signal has, for example, in the studio standard, the number of effective imaging pixels is 1920H × 1035 V pixels, and the sampling frequency is 75.3 MHz. This H
The D signal is divided into two parts, one of which inputs the HD signal as it is to the imaging mode selection circuit 2 and the other one of which inputs the method converter 3 such as a down converter.

The system converter 3 is, for example, “Showa 60.
9 NHK Giken Monthly Report pp. 359 to 364 ”, the HD signal is transmitted in a standard broadcasting system (hereinafter, referred to as SD).
In order to convert the information into NTSC, PAL, SECAM, etc., the amount of information is reduced.

Here, taking the HD-NTSC converter 3 as an example, the configuration is as shown in FIG. 2, and the aspect ratio converter 31, the number of scanning lines converter 32, the field frequency converter 33 and the NTSC encoder 34 It consists of. Hereinafter, each unit will be described.

* Aspect Ratio Converter 31 FIG. 3 shows three typical aspect ratio conversion modes. Mode A: This is called a side panel system, and the aspect ratio is 4: 3 by deleting both sides of a 16: 9 high definition image.
It is assumed that. This mode may be selected when a conventional NTSC signal is desired. Mode B: This is called a squeeze method or a full mode, and compresses a high-definition image in the horizontal direction and sets the aspect ratio to 4:
3, the converted image is vertically long. This mode may be selected when converting to an NTSC signal compatible with a wide screen. Mode C: This is called a letterbox system, and converts a 16: 9 image to be displayed on a screen with an aspect ratio of 4: 3. In an NTSC image, there is no image at both the upper and lower ends, and the image is black. If you want to make a picture using the angle of view captured by the HD camera, this mode should be selected.

* Scanning line number conversion unit 32 The conversion processing of the number of scanning lines is performed by a vertical interpolation filter, and constitutes a weighted averaging circuit that switches according to the line order with seven cycles as one cycle.

* Field frequency conversion section 33 The field frequency conversion processing is performed using a buffer memory after the number of scanning lines is converted, and real time processing can be performed by a time axis corrector having the same function as a frame synchronizer. is there. In a commonly used frame synchronizer, frame skipping occurs approximately once every 33 seconds with the capacity of one frame memory. In contrast, in the motion adaptive field number conversion, motion detection and scene change detection are performed using a frame difference signal, and frame skip is performed when any of the following four conditions is satisfied. When the image is a still image When a scene change occurs When the moving image area is relatively small When the frame buffer memory runs out of space The field frequency is 60 Hz for HDTV, NT
The SC system has a difference of 1000/1001 at 59.94 Hz.

Next, the overall operation of the HD-NTSC converter 3 will be described.

In FIG. 2, an HD signal is converted from 16: 9 to 4: 3 by an aspect ratio converter 31, and then converted to 1 by a scanning line number converter 32 and a field frequency converter 33.
The signal is converted from 125 lines to 525 lines and from 60 Hz to 59.94 Hz, and is output as an NTSC composite signal via the NTSC encoder 34.

Next, in FIG. 1, on the operation panel 4,
HD, SD-Hi (High quality, horizontal resolution 450
) Or SD-Low (standard image quality for general households with a horizontal resolution of about 230).
When the HD mode is selected, the HD signal is input to the imaging mode selection circuit 2 via the system controller 5, and the input HD signal is selected and output through. Also, SD-Hi or S
When D-Low is selected, an NTSC signal down-converted by the system converter 3 is selected and output.

2. Selection of compression mode The video signal output from the imaging mode selection circuit 2 is input to the compression circuit 6 as video information. This compression circuit 6
Has a plurality of compression modes 1 and 2, and the compression ratio and the compression method can be changed according to the compression modes 1 and 2. The compression ratio is 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1 /
32 and the like. The compression method includes DCT, DPCM, Hadamard transform, ADRC, and the like, and a combination thereof, for example, compression mode 1 can be DCT and compression mode 2 can be DPCM. Further, only the compression ratio may be selectable with the same compression method.

The signal subjected to the compression processing is input to a compression mode selection circuit 7 to select a desired compression mode and output a compression processing signal. These mode selections are closely related to the selection of the recording time and image quality on the VTR side or the image quality and mode setting of the camera, and are automatically selected and set according to the mode setting of the VTR or the camera. The data rate after image compression is, for example, 50 Mbps for HD, 25 Mbps for SD-Hi,
It is desirable that -Low be an integer ratio such as 12.5 Mbps.

3. Selection of recording mode The compressed signal output from the compression mode selection circuit 7 is input to the recording processing circuit 8 and the two head pairs Ha, Hb and H
c and Hd, the signal is divided into two for each channel, and amplified by the recording amplifier 9 respectively. The signals are amplified on the track on the tape 11 by the magnetic heads Ha to Hd of the two head pairs provided on the drum 10. Digitally recorded. The track width is the same for each recording mode, and the compression mode selection circuit 7
The recording mode is appropriately selected according to the result of the selection of the recording tape 11 corresponding to the data rate.
Form on top.

On the other hand, the drum 10 and the capstan 13 are driven and controlled by the servo control circuit 12 by the drum motor 14 and the capstan motor 15, respectively, so that the rotation speed of the drum 10 and the tape running speed are maintained at predetermined target values. Also,
The tape 11 runs while being held between the capstan 13 and the pinch roller 16.

The predetermined target value of the servo control circuit 12 is:
The setting is made according to various modes via the system controller 5 in response to an operation instruction from the operation panel 4. According to the state of the mode selection switch provided on the operation panel 4, the various modes are selected as shown in Table 1.

[0026]

[Table 1]

Next, an embodiment of the HD camera 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The incident light from the subject 101 is focused on a focus lens 10 (hereinafter, referred to as focus) and a magnification (focal length) (hereinafter, referred to as zoom).
2. Iris 10 for adjusting the amount of light with zoom lens 103
4 through the imaging optical system consisting of
5 and a CCD (solid-state imaging device) 106, and is converted into a color video signal.

Focus lens 102, zoom lens 1
03, the iris 104 includes driving units 109a, 109b, and 109c using, for example, a stepping motor, etc., and includes an AF circuit 111 and an AE circuit 110.
Alternatively, an appropriate screen can be imaged by being controlled via the system controller 113 in response to a signal from the key input unit 116.

In the CCD 106, the photocharge generated in the light receiving section is transferred to the transfer section, and is taken out as an output signal. The noise of this signal is reduced by the CDS circuit 107,
The gain is controlled by the C circuit 108. Then A
The gain is adjusted via the system controller 113 with reference to the information from the E circuit 110, and then the signal is supplied to the color processing circuit 114 and the process circuit 115.

The system controller 113 controls the driving units 109a to 109a of the imaging optical system according to the values set by the key input unit 116 for focus, zoom, exposure, and the like.
09c is appropriately controlled. Further, a clock generation circuit 117 is provided so that the driving pulse of the CCD 106 is synchronized with various operations.
Is controlling.

After the gain adjustment, the AWB circuit 112
A control signal for white balance adjustment is generated, and the color processing circuit 114 adjusts the gain of the color difference signal. next,
The color video signal separated into the three primary colors of RGB by the process circuit 115 is input to the encoder 118.

The encoder 118 modulates and outputs a color video signal into a composite signal. The composite output signal is added to the output signal of the display information generating circuit 119 by the adder 121 so that the information from the system controller 113 is obtained, and is added to the viewfinder 120. You can see the information.

Note that the composite output signal is the RG
It may be extracted from the B primary color signal, or Y, R-
It may be extracted from the Y, BY signal. Alternatively, two color signals I, Q or RY, BY of a Y / C separation type (for example, S terminal type) of the encoder 118 may be extracted in a form of quadrature modulation. Although not illustrated, when the above-described signal processing is performed in a state of digital data, the signal may be output in a state of digital data before passing through a DAC (digital-analog converter).

Next, a moving image compression technique will be described.

The purpose of digital data compression is to reduce the amount of data by removing the redundancy of the image. For a still image, processing is performed focusing on the spatial redundancy of the image. In the case of a moving image, processing is performed focusing on temporal redundancy of the image, but the basic principle is based on a still image compression technique. The technical elements of moving image compression are the following four points. DCT processing Quantization processing Encoding processing Motion adaptation processing

Note that the decompression process may be considered as the reverse operation of the compression process. The above items are common to both still images and moving images. For details, see "Electronics
May 1992, "Following Multimedia and Information Compression". Hereinafter, an outline will be described in order.

DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform:
Discrete cosine transform) processing Definition: Refers to the conversion of spatial coordinate values into frequencies. As a pre-compression process, the input screen is blocked into a group of about 8 × 8 pixels. Next, spatial data is converted to frequency data by performing a multiplication process of DCT coefficients.
This DCT alone does not reduce the amount of data at all, but data that has been widely dispersed in the screen can be coordinate-transformed so that the data is concentrated in a different coordinate system.
That is, as a general characteristic of the image, this processing step plays a role of effectively executing the compression processing after the DCT by utilizing the tendency that more information energy is concentrated on the lower spatial frequency side. is there.

Quantization processing Definition: The data amount is reduced by rounding the word length of the coefficient converted into the frequency component. The set of data coefficients for each frequency component generated by the DCT is divided by an appropriate numerical value, and fractions below the decimal point are discarded. As a result, the number of bits required to represent each coefficient data can be reduced, and the entire quantized data amount is compressed. By setting the divisor finely for each frequency component, the compression rate can be improved while maintaining the required image quality.

Coding process Definition: Coding characterized by assigning a code having a length corresponding to the data generation frequency, and is composed of the following three processes.

A. Zig-Zag Scan In order to convert the two-dimensionally arranged frequency coefficient data into a one-dimensional data string, the data rearrangement operation is performed while moving in a zigzag manner from the DC component to the horizontal and vertical high-frequency components.

B. Run-length coding Replaces the code that expresses consecutive occurrences of the same numerical value (mainly zero) in a lump. For example, "zeros are continuous eight times". By allocating one code to a plurality of data in this way, the number of coded bits is reduced. If all data after a certain position is zero, an end code is assigned. This is defined as "ending the data transmission in this block with this data" and has a large data reduction effect.

C. VLC (Variable Length Coding) By assigning a code having a small number of bits to a numerical value having a high frequency of occurrence, the total number of encoded bits is substantially reduced.

Motion Adaptation Process Definition: The basic principle is that a technique for "detecting and predicting motion" is added to still image compression. Hereinafter, three points of the moving image information compression technology of the television broadcasting standard will be described.

A. Motion detection Image data corresponding to an integral multiple of the time of a field or frame is accumulated in a buffer of image data such as a frame memory, thereby causing a time delay. The movement is determined based on how much the data of the corresponding pixel has changed in the time difference between the input and output terminals of the memory. In the simplest example, a difference in luminance data between fields is calculated, and the absolute amount of the difference value is used as a motion amount. In addition to the above, two positions at a position where the degree of correlation of pixel data is high, such as a correlation matching method,
A technique for detecting a motion vector by calculating the movement of dimensional coordinates has also been established.

B. Motion prediction compensation A motion of an image is predicted from a motion vector, and a new image is generated by calculation. By transmitting only the difference between this screen and the actual screen as compensation data, the data amount can be reduced. In other words, the compression effect is higher for a moving image plane having a small number of still parts and a small amount of motion, or a motion that is gradual, or that is linear and has few prediction errors.

C. Interlace Encoding Television signals such as NTSC have a structure called interlace in which scanning lines (hereinafter, referred to as lines) are arranged one by one as shown in FIG. Odd line 2
An odd field composed of 62.5 lines and an even field composed of 262.5 even lines form a pair, and one frame screen (525 lines) is established.

However, when the movement of the subject in the screen is large, the odd / even fields are simply synthesized,
The image becomes blurred and hard to see. In this blurred part, the spatial correlation in the screen is reduced in the vertical direction,
In the compression encoding process, the above spatial redundancy is reduced.

Therefore, when the amount of motion is small, a compression-processed pixel block is formed using a frame image having a high vertical correlation. However, as a result of the motion detection, if it is recognized that a predetermined amount or more of motion has occurred, Forms a compression-processed pixel block using only a field image having an appropriate intra-screen correlation while avoiding a frame image in which the vertical correlation is extremely reduced.

If the frame processing is always performed without performing the field / frame switching processing, satisfactory compression results can be obtained for most of the images. Combined into the shape of
Different data is generated alternately for one line, and a large amount of the highest vertical frequency component originally assumed to have the lowest occurrence frequency is generated. As described above, the means for avoiding the worst case is provided to prevent the compression system from being broken by a so-called weak subject. As explained above,
By appropriately switching the encoding process according to the motion, it is possible to realize a compression process that achieves both higher efficiency and higher image quality for the entire moving image.

Next, an embodiment of the compression circuit 6 partially utilizing the above-described basic technique of moving image compression will be described with reference to FIG.

After selecting the imaging mode, the input buffer memory 6
An SD or HD signal as a video signal is supplied to 60. The video signal output from the input buffer memory 660 is divided into 8 × 8
It is divided into blocks consisting of pixels. And DCT
(Discrete cosine transform) The orthogonal transform is performed by the processing circuit 662, and the transform is performed on the transform coordinate plane of the frequency component. As a result, as a general tendency of the image, only the DC coefficient and the AC coefficient of the low frequency component have large values, and the AC coefficient of the high frequency component has a small value close to zero.

On the other hand, among the signals output from the input buffer memory 660, when the correlation between the screens is high, the odd field and the even field are subjected to frame processing integrally, and when the correlation is low, , Odd-numbered and even-numbered fields are independently processed. This is determined by the motion detection circuit 663, and discrimination information of the motion amount and the direction of the image is input to the system controller 664 according to the difference between the corresponding pixel data at the time difference between the input and output terminals of the input buffer memory 660. Is done.

In accordance with the result of the motion detection circuit 663, the system controller 664 sends the block processing circuit 661
Command for frame or field processing. The blocking processing circuit 661 performs blocking processing according to the instruction. The frequency coefficient data output from the DCT processing circuit 662 is input to the quantization processing circuit 665. Then, the set of data coefficients for each frequency component is divided by an appropriate numerical value, the decimal point is rounded off, the number of bits is reduced, and the entire quantized data amount is compressed. further,
By setting the divisor arbitrarily for each frequency component, the compression ratio can be improved while maintaining the required image quality.

Next, the quantized data thus compressed is input to the encoding circuit 666. Here, in order to convert the data into a one-dimensional data string, the data is rearranged by zigzag scanning from a DC component to horizontal and vertical high-frequency components. This data is replaced with, for example, a code that collectively expresses the continuous occurrence of zero having the same numerical value, and run-length encoding is performed. Further, when the data after a certain position in the block is all zero, the above-mentioned end code is assigned, so that the data can be significantly reduced. Then, a code having a small number of bits is assigned to a numerical value having a high appearance frequency by VLC, and the total number of encoded bits is substantially reduced.

The variable-length coded data is input to a data amount calculation circuit 667, and the data amount is input to a system controller 664. The system controller 664 and the coefficient setting circuit 668 are connected so that coefficients for each of the horizontal and vertical frequency components are set according to the data amount. The coefficient is set to a predetermined value by the coefficient setting circuit 668, and the output result is quantized by the quantization processing circuit 6.
Enter 65. Next, the quantized data is compressed in the above order.

The data obtained by reducing the total number of bits by the encoding circuit 666 and performing a predetermined compression is input to the output buffer memory 669. Output buffer memory 669
, The encoded data is output at a constant data rate, but the point rate of the data is controlled by the system controller 664 so that the output buffer memory 669 does not underflow or overflow. For example, in a state close to overflow (when the occupancy is large), the coefficient setting is increased so that the amount of data to be transmitted is adjusted to be small. When the state is close to an underflow, the reverse operation is performed. Further, switching of the moving image compression ratio, compression method, and the like is performed under the control of the system controller 664 in accordance with the operation of the mode selection unit 670.

As described above, the system controller 664 controls the DC in accordance with the image motion detection result and the various mode settings input from the mode selection unit 670.
By appropriately switching the contents of T, quantization, and encoding processing, it is possible to adaptively control the compression ratio, the compression method, and the like of the moving image compression circuit. Thus, efficient compression processing of a moving image can be realized. The compression ratio can be arbitrarily changed by changing the setting of the divisor by the coefficient setting circuit 668.

Next, the configuration and recording operation of the digital VTR will be described with reference to the recording system configuration diagram of FIG.

* Video input The luminance signal Y and color signal C of the input video are converted into digital data D _y and D _c by AD converters 81Y and 81C, respectively, and are taken into the present system.

* Video data processing circuit 82 The data D _y and D _c are multiplexed by the data multiplexer 821, and the image information is compressed by the information amount compression circuit 822 using the compression circuit described above in accordance with the mode information from the system controller 5. Compress the amount of data. In some cases, a compression processing circuit may be provided independently for YC. Next, a shuffling circuit 82 is used to make the image data resistant to transmission path errors.
3. A shuffling process is performed. For the purpose of equalizing the unevenness in the amount of information generated due to the unevenness in the plane of the image, if a shuffling process is performed before the compression process, a variable-length code such as a run-length code is used. It is convenient even if there is.

In response to this, the ID adding circuit 824 adds data identification (ID) information for restoring data shuffling. In this ID, mode information of the system is also recorded at the same time, and is used as auxiliary information at the time of decompression processing (information amount expansion processing) at the time of reproduction. Next, an ECC adding circuit 825 adds an error correction signal (ECC) for reproducing these data without error. The processing up to the addition of such a redundant signal is processed for each information of video and audio.

* Audio Input The stereo audio signals L and R are captured by the AD converters 80L and 80R, and processed by an audio data processing circuit 86 having a similar circuit configuration, although the compression method is different from that of the image. If the video data recording rate is high,
For example, in the case of an HD signal, the processing may shift to the recording processing without performing the compression processing on the audio information.

* Data distribution The video data V and the audio data A generated in this manner are separated by a data rate such that the data rate matches the capacity of the transmission path (here, the individual magnetic head systems for recording and reproduction). Distribution is performed by the data distributors 83 and 84.

* Additional information In addition to the above A and V signals, pilot signal P output from pilot signal generator 85 for tracking servo
And auxiliary data S generated by the subcode generator 87 based on information from the system controller 5.
Multiplexing is performed by multiplexers 88 and 89 for each recording / transmission path. For example, if this is a time axis multiplexing process, it is appropriate that the pilot signal P takes the form of an area division ATF or the like which is well known in digital audio tape recorders (DAT) and the like.

* Digital modulation Digital modulation processing for recording corresponding to the binary signal of the MPX output is performed by the digital modulation circuits 90 and 91. One example is 8-10 conversion and conversion processing such as NRZI. Since each transmission path has a magnetic head system of two channels in the present embodiment, the recording amplifiers 9a to 9d corresponding to the respective heads Ha to Hd are switched by the head switching circuits 92 and 93 in accordance with the rotation state of the drum 10. Thus, the switching process is selectively and appropriately executed under the instruction of the servo control circuit 12.

As a result, the recording current corresponding to the information signal at a predetermined recording timing is supplied to the plurality of heads H on the rotating drum 10.
a to Hd. In this manner, A,
FIG. 8 shows a track pattern recorded on the tape 11 by switching the P, S, and V signals to sequentially supply signals to the magnetic recording system.

* System Control System Servo and system control portions for controlling the running of the tape 11 will be described. The system controller 5 manages the correspondence to the instruction information input from the operation panel 4 of FIG. 1, the operation mode of the entire system of the digital VTR, and various state transitions, and the driving of the rotating drum 10 and the capstan drive. The servo control circuit 12 is mainly responsible for maintaining the steady state. These two circuits can be regarded as one microcomputer block 94.

The servo control circuit 12 includes a capstan motor 15 for controlling the tape feed speed and a capstan FG 95 for grasping the rotation state, a drum motor 14 for driving the rotation of the rotary drum 10 and a rotation motor. Each of the detectors FG96 and PG97 for confirming the speed and the rotation phase is connected, and each is controlled.

Next, the configuration and the reproducing operation of the digital recording VTR will be described with reference to the reproducing system configuration diagram of FIG.

In response to an operation mode switching instruction input to the system controller 5 from the operation panel 4 of FIG.
A servo control circuit 12 and a circuit of the system controller 5 which are the same as those in the recording system control the direction and speed of the running of the tape 11 and the rotation of the drum 10.

Data obtained from a plurality of magnetic heads Ha to Hd on the drum 10 whose rotation is controlled are signal-amplified by reproduction head amplifiers 61, 62, 63 and 64, respectively. The heads having different angles are supplied to the head switching circuits 56 and 59, the signal output is appropriately selected based on the servo control circuit 12, and supplied to the next-stage digital demodulation circuits 55 and 58, respectively.

The digital demodulation circuits 55 and 58 reconvert the reproduced signal into binary signals of "0, 1" by using techniques such as differentiation detection, integration detection, and redundancy detection such as Viterbi decoding. Output signals of the digital demodulation circuits 55 and 58 are supplied to signal distribution circuits 54 and 57, respectively, and are separated and distributed to a video signal V, an audio signal A, a tracking servo pilot signal P, subcode information S, and the like.

V: video signal The video signal V distributed to the plurality of heads is output from the signal distributors 54 and 57, integrated by the data integration circuit 65, and processed by the video data processing circuit 52 to obtain the original video signal. Is restored.

First, an error correction circuit 525 detects a transmission error of data generated in the recording / reproducing system, corrects an error within a correctable range, and corrects an error if correction is impossible.
Next, the ID detection circuit 524 extracts various ID signals and V code dependent subcode data inserted in the video data, and supplies information to the system controller 5.

The deshuffling circuit 523 restores the data array based on the shuffling process performed at the time of recording in order to prevent the image quality deterioration caused by the unrecoverable error due to the continuous loss of data, based on the ID information and the like. Further, the information amount expansion circuit 522 restores information in a procedure reverse to the information amount compression process for reducing the data amount during recording. When the recording mode is set during recording,
Since there is a possibility that the compression method and the compression ratio of the information amount are different for each recording mode, a restoration process corresponding to the mode setting at the time of recording is performed via the system controller 5 based on the reproduction ID information. Finally, the data separation circuit 521
Output to the DA converters 51Y and 51C for each information of YC. As described above, an image substantially equivalent to the signal input at the time of recording is reconstructed.

A: Audio signal An audio signal A distributed to a plurality of heads is output from the signal distributors 54 and 57, and a data integration circuit 66
Audio data processing circuit 6
At 0, the original audio signal is restored.

First, the error correction circuit 605 detects a transmission error of data reproduced by the recording / reproducing system, corrects an error within a correctable range, and corrects an error if the error cannot be corrected. Next, the ID detection circuit 604 extracts various ID signals inserted into the audio data and subcode data dependent on the A signal, and supplies information to the system controller 5.

The deshuffling circuit 603 performs the shuffling process performed at the time of recording in order to prevent sound quality deterioration caused by an unrecoverable error due to continuous loss of data.
The data array is restored based on the D information and the like. The information amount expansion circuit 602 restores information in a procedure reverse to the information amount compression process for reducing the data amount during recording. When the recording mode is set at the time of recording, there is a possibility that the compression method and the compression ratio of the information amount are different for each recording mode. Therefore, the recording is performed via the system controller 5 based on the reproduction ID information. The restoration process corresponding to the mode setting at the time is performed. Next, the data separation circuit 60
1, the D / A converters 50L and 50L for each of the L and R information.
Output to R. As described above, the sound almost equivalent to the signal input at the time of recording is reproduced.

P: Pilot Signal A tracking pilot signal of the area division ATF system is output from the signal distributors 54 and 57 and input to the pilot signal detector 53. Here, if processing similar to DAT is performed, a time difference from the timing reference signal corresponding to the off-track amount from the left and right tracks is detected as an error signal. This error signal is supplied to the servo control circuit 12, and is used to control the tape feed speed and the like, and is also used as auxiliary information for determining the recording mode.

S: Subcode Information When V and A are the main information, a data group with a small auxiliary position is called a subcode, and can be recorded and reproduced in another area. In particular, the above I
The difference from D data is that guard spaces are provided before and after the subcode area so that recording and reproduction can be performed independently of A and V data. This enables post-recording of the subcode. As a difference in usage, the ID data is information essential for normal reproduction such as a recording mode unique to main data, and this subcode is suitable for an address code such as a tape position search, a program index recording, and the like.
These pieces of information are subjected to determination processing by the system controller 5 and control each unit as necessary.

As shown in FIG. 10, the subcode is composed of a search mark portion for realizing a so-called cueing function and a subdata portion. The sub-data part is 4 in this example.
It is composed of blocks (Block0 to Block3). This block further includes eight data words (word0 to word7), a sync word for synchronization, and a CRCC unit for error correction. Further, each data word is composed of 8 bits, and in this portion, each broadcast system, tape speed, audio channel mode, compression ratio, etc. are recorded as mode discrimination information.

The VTR of this embodiment has three recording / reproducing modes as described above. Since the recording track pattern differs depending on the setting of the recording mode arbitrarily selected, the discrimination ID information is recorded in the subcode area so that the reproduction according to the pattern can be performed. Hereinafter, three types of recording track patterns and a procedure for determining a mode at the time of reproduction will be described.

1. SD-low The long-time recording mode of the SD will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 11A shows an example of the four magnetic heads Ha and Hb mounted on the rotating drum 10 shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), five tracks are formed per screen. In the case of 150 rotations per second, the recording current is supplied to the heads Ha and Hb of the drum PG indicating the rotation phase in accordance with the high and low timings of the rectangular pulse shown at 150 rps in FIG.

2. SD-high The SD high-quality recording mode will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows the four magnetic heads Ha and Hc mounted on the rotating drum 10 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3B, ten tracks are formed per screen. In the case of 150 rotations per second, the recording current is supplied to the heads Ha and Hc of the drum PG indicating the rotation phase in accordance with the high and low timings of the rectangular pulse shown at 150 rps in FIG.

3. HD The HD high-definition image quality recording mode will be described with reference to FIGS. Using all four magnetic heads Ha to Hd mounted on the rotating drum 10 shown in FIG. 15A, 20 tracks are formed per screen as shown in FIG. 15B. When the rotation speed is set to 150 rotations per second, the drums PG indicating the rotation phases are driven by the heads Ha to H according to the high and low timings of the rectangular pulse indicated by 150 rps in FIG.
d is supplied with a recording current.

Table 2 shows parameters such as the tape speed, the number of tracks per field, and the compression ratio for the above three modes.

[0088]

[Table 2]

FIG. 17 shows a procedure of mode determination at the time of reproduction and its control.

In step S1, the current playback mode of the VTR is confirmed. In step S2, N = 5, N = 10, N in steps S3, S4, and S5 according to the three modes.
= 20. Next, in step S6, a subcode is detected from the reproduced digital signal, and a mode at the time of recording is determined from the subcode to determine a mode to be reproduced. Also in step S7, the required number of tracks per unit time M = 5, M = 10, M in steps S8, S9 and S10 according to one of the three modes of the reproduction ID.
= 20. In step S11, the N
The target value of the speed control of the capstan is reset according to the result of comparing the magnitude of M with the magnitude of M. Again, the process branches to any of steps S12, S13, and S14 according to the three cases. If N> M, the current speed is higher than during recording, so the speed is reduced. If N <M, the speed is increased because the current speed is lower than during recording. N = M
In the case of, the current speed is maintained as it is. Then, the process returns to the confirmation of the current mode, and the above-described routine is repeated.

In the above-described embodiment, the description has been given by combining the main imaging means and the TV standard conversion means in order to obtain a plurality of TV standard video signals. , A plurality of video signals may be independently taken out. Further, separate image pickup means are provided for each of the HD-TV system and the SD-TV system, and the outputs of each image pickup means are set to different HD-TV standards and S-type.
Scan lines (105) with D-TV standard (NTSC, PAL)
(0 lines / 1125 lines / 1250 lines) The above-described composite configuration in which a method conversion means is provided may be employed.

Next, an embodiment of a video recording / reproducing apparatus using a system converter as a down converter as shown in FIG. 2 and a system converter as an up converter as shown in FIG. 18 will be described with reference to FIG. explain.

FIG. 18 shows NTS as an upconverter.
1 shows an example of a C-HD system converter. In FIG. 18, NT
The SC signal is demodulated through a motion adaptive NTSC decoder 70, and the aspect ratio converter 71 converts the SC signal from 4: 3 to 16: 9.
, And then the number of scanning lines conversion unit 72 and the field frequency conversion unit 73 convert 525 to 1125 lines, 59.94.
From 60 Hz to 60 Hz, and output as an HD signal.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a video recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. On the operation panel 200, recording / playback, HD / SD, and the like can be selected. Less than,
The operation of the four recording / reproducing systems will be described. In this embodiment, the input signal is an HD signal.

(1) Recording in SD (Long Recording Mode) “Record” and “SD” are selected on the operation panel 200, and the terminal of the switch 206 is connected to or via the system controller 201. Then, the HD input signal is down-converted by the down-converter 203,
An SD (for example, NTSC) signal is used. Further, the system controller 201 controls the terminal of the switch 202 to connect to the terminal, and records the SD signal on the tape 210 through the recording system 209. The monitor at this time is SD monitor 2
04 is used.

(2) In the case of recording in HD (high image quality mode) “Record” and “HD” are selected on the operation panel 200, the terminal of the switch 202 is connected to the terminal of the switch 202 via the system controller 201, and the HD is recorded through. I do. At this time, either the HD monitor 205 or the SD monitor 204 can be selected.

When using the HD monitor 205, the terminal of the switch 206 is connected to or
Output a signal. When the SD monitor 204 is used, the terminal of the switch 206 is connected to or as described above, converted to SD by the down converter 203, and one of the terminals of the switch 207 is selected and connected. For example, SD monitoring becomes possible. Camera integrated V
By making the TR as described above, miniaturization can be achieved.

(3) Playback on SD Select “playback” and “SD” on the operation panel 200, and connect the terminal of the switch 207 to the terminal via the system controller 201. The reproduced SD signal is reproduced and output on the SD monitor 204 through the tape 210 and the reproducing system 211. When the signal is output by the HD monitor 205, the signal is converted into an HD signal by the up-converter
The terminal 6 may be connected to.

(4) Playback on HD Select “playback” and “HD” on the operation panel 200, and connect the terminal of the switch 206 to the terminal via the system controller 201. The playback HD signal is played back and output on the HD monitor 205 through. On the other hand, when reproducing and outputting to the SD monitor 204, the switch 206
, The SD is converted by the down converter 203 and connected to the terminal of the switch 207.
SD monitoring becomes possible. Table 3 shows switches 202 and 20.
6 and 207 show connections between terminals corresponding to SD and HD.

[0100]

[Table 3]

In this embodiment, the up converter 20
However, if a multi-scan monitor is used instead of the HD monitor 205, when an SD (for example, NTSC) signal is input, 525 scanning lines are scanned, so that the up-converter 208 becomes unnecessary. Furthermore, S
Horizontal resolution 230 with standard picture quality for general household use as D signal
About this number may be added as the SD-Low mode.

[0102]

As described above, according to the camera-integrated video recording apparatus of the present invention, a video signal conforming to a plurality of television broadcast standards obtained by the imaging means according to the user's selection can be used for each television broadcast standard. It is possible to record by performing the compression and the recording process suitable for the program. Further, according to the other camera-integrated video recording device of the present invention, the user can easily select and set whether to give priority to the recording image quality or to give priority to the shooting and recording time, and to perform optimal compression according to the selection. The video signal can be compressed and recorded by the processing.

[0103]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a system converter as a down converter.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a screen showing a mode of aspect ratio conversion.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of an HD camera.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a television screen.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a compression circuit.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a recording system.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a recording format of a magnetic tape.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a reproduction system.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a data format of a subcode.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a configuration of a head and a recording format of a tape.

FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing the operation of each head.

FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing another example of a configuration of a head and a recording format of a tape.

FIG. 14 is a timing chart showing the operation of each head according to the other example.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram showing still another example of a configuration of a head and a recording format of a tape.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram showing the operation of each head according to yet another example.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a control operation at the time of reproduction.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a system converter as an up-converter.

FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional camera-integrated VTR.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 camera 2 imaging mode selection circuit 3 system converter 5 system controller 6 compression circuit 8 recording processing circuit 11 magnetic tape Ha to Hd head 202, 206, 207 switch 203 down converter 209 recording system 211 reproduction system

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-3-108975 (JP, A) JP-A-4-57482 (JP, A) JP-A-4-345946 (JP, A) JP-A-4-315398 (JP) , A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H04N 5/76-5/956 H04N 7/24

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An image pickup means for outputting a video signal corresponding to a plurality of television broadcasting standards, and a plurality of compression modes according to the video signal output from the image pickup means, wherein a video output from the image pickup means is provided. Compression means for compressing the information amount of the signal; television broadcast standard mode setting means capable of selecting a television broadcast standard to be recorded by a user operation; a video signal output from the compression means; and the television broadcast standard mode setting Recording means for recording an identification signal for identifying the mode set by the means on a recording medium; and an imaging operation of the imaging means according to the TV broadcast standard mode set by the TV broadcast standard mode setting means,
A camera-integrated video recording apparatus, comprising: a control unit that controls a compression operation of the compression unit and a recording operation of the recording unit in association with each other. 2. An image pickup device having a plurality of image pickup modes and outputting a video signal, and an image output from the image pickup device having a plurality of compression modes according to the image signal output from the image pickup device. Compression means for compressing the information amount of the signal; image quality mode setting means capable of selecting the image quality to be recorded by a user operation; a video signal output from the compression means; and a mode set by the image quality mode setting means Recording means for recording, on a recording medium, an identification signal for identifying an image, and switching between an imaging mode of the imaging means and a compression mode of the compression means in accordance with the image quality mode set by the image quality mode setting means. A camera-integrated video recording device, comprising: a mode switching unit.