JP3280180B2 - Diversity antenna circuit - Google Patents
Diversity antenna circuitInfo
- Publication number
- JP3280180B2 JP3280180B2 JP32446694A JP32446694A JP3280180B2 JP 3280180 B2 JP3280180 B2 JP 3280180B2 JP 32446694 A JP32446694 A JP 32446694A JP 32446694 A JP32446694 A JP 32446694A JP 3280180 B2 JP3280180 B2 JP 3280180B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- transmission line
- antennas
- reactance
- antenna circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、アンテナ切替ダイバー
シチ構成のアンテナ回路に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an antenna circuit having an antenna switching diversity configuration.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】２本のアンテナで空間ダイバーシチアン
テナを構成した従来例を図６に示す。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 shows a conventional example in which a space diversity antenna is constituted by two antennas.
【０００３】図において、１及び２は各々アンテナ素子
＃１及び＃２を示し、３、４は各アンテナの給電点、５
は切替スイッチ、６は受信機、７は包絡線検出器、８は
包絡線比較器、９は規準アンテナ切替レベルの入力端子
である。アンテナの切替えは、入力端子９の規準レベル
と包絡線検出器７で検出したアンテナ受信信号の包絡線
とを包絡線比較器８で比較し、検出信号が規準レベル以
下のとき切替スイッチ５によりアンテナ＃１からアンテ
ナ＃２へ、またはその逆への切替を行ない、受信条件の
良いアンテナを選択する。In the figure, 1 and 2 denote antenna elements # 1 and # 2, respectively, and 3 and 4 denote feed points of each antenna, 5
Is a changeover switch, 6 is a receiver, 7 is an envelope detector, 8 is an envelope comparator, and 9 is an input terminal for a reference antenna switching level. Switching of the antenna is performed by comparing the reference level of the input terminal 9 with the envelope of the antenna reception signal detected by the envelope detector 7 by the envelope comparator 8. Switching from # 1 to antenna # 2 or vice versa is performed, and an antenna with good reception conditions is selected.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】単体のダイポールアン
テナの放射特性はほぼ真円形である。しかし、上記のよ
うに２本のアンテナ＃１，＃２の間隔を狭めた場合は、
一方のアンテナが他方のアンテナの放射指向性に影響を
及ぼし、放射パターンに変形を生じる。このためダイバ
ーシチアンテナ回路の各アンテナについて単体の場合の
放射パターンを再現できない欠点がある。The radiation characteristic of a single dipole antenna is almost a perfect circle. However, when the distance between the two antennas # 1 and # 2 is reduced as described above,
One antenna affects the radiation directivity of the other antenna, causing a deformation in the radiation pattern. For this reason, there is a disadvantage that the radiation pattern in the case of a single antenna cannot be reproduced for each antenna of the diversity antenna circuit.
【０００５】本発明の目的は、アンテナ切替ダイバーシ
チ構成のアンテナ回路で、そのアンテナ間隔が、波長を
λとして、少なくとも０．５λ程度の場合においても、
簡単な構造と最適化調整によって各アンテナについて単
体の場合と同等の放射パターンを再現させ、アンテナ単
体特性から期待されるダイバーシチ効果が十分に得られ
るようにすることにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna circuit having an antenna switching diversity configuration, wherein the antenna interval is at least about 0.5λ, where λ is the wavelength.
An object of the present invention is to reproduce a radiation pattern equivalent to that of a single antenna for each antenna by a simple structure and optimization adjustment so that a diversity effect expected from the antenna single characteristics can be sufficiently obtained.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的は、各アンテナ
と切替スイッチ回路の切替部間を伝送線路で接続し、該
伝送線路の電気長を、波長をλとして、λ／２の整数倍
の長さに調整してなることによって達成される。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to connect each antenna to a switching section of a changeover switch circuit by a transmission line, and to set an electric length of the transmission line to an integral multiple of λ / 2, where λ is a wavelength. This is achieved by adjusting the length.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記手段を用いたとき、各アンテナと切替スイ
ッチ回路の切替部間の伝送線路を、その電気長がλ／２
の整数倍の長さになるように調整したことによって、ア
ンテナの入力リアクタンスがＸ＝∞となる。このときア
ンテナの間隔が０．５λ程度であっても、互に影響を及
ぼすことなく、各アンテナの単体におけるほぼ真円の放
射パターンを呈し、その結果十分なダイバーシチ効果が
得られるものである。When the above means is used, the transmission line between each antenna and the switching section of the changeover switch circuit has an electrical length of λ / 2.
By adjusting the length so that the length becomes an integral multiple of, the input reactance of the antenna becomes X = ∞. At this time, even if the interval between the antennas is about 0.5λ, each antenna has a substantially perfect circular radiation pattern without affecting each other. As a result, a sufficient diversity effect can be obtained.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下本発明を実施例によって詳細に説明す
る。図１は、本発明の一実施例で、図６と同符号は同一
部分もしくは相当部分を示す。包絡線比較器８の出力に
よって切替える切替スイッチ回路には、簡単な切替スイ
ッチ１１を用い、これによりアンテナ１及び２の切替え
をする。アンテナ１，２の給電点３，４と切替スイッチ
１３の切替部間を伝送線路１０で接続し、伝送線路１０
を非選択時にアンテナからみて開放に近いインピーダン
スとなるようにその電気長を調整する。伝送線路１０を
構成するケーブルとしては、セミリジットケーブル、同
軸ケーブル、マイクロストリップライン等が用いられ
る。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to embodiments. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 denote the same or corresponding parts. A simple changeover switch 11 is used for a changeover switch circuit that switches according to the output of the envelope comparator 8, and the antennas 1 and 2 are changed over. The feeding points 3 and 4 of the antennas 1 and 2 and the switching section of the changeover switch 13 are connected by a transmission line 10.
Is not selected, its electrical length is adjusted so as to have an impedance close to open when viewed from the antenna. As a cable constituting the transmission line 10, a semi-rigid cable, a coaxial cable, a microstrip line, or the like is used.
【０００９】図２に、特性インピーダンスＺｏのケーブ
ルでオープンスタブを構成したときの電気長と入力リア
クタンス特性（ａ）を示す。（ｂ）に示すように、ケー
ブルの電気長ｌが、波長をλとして、ｌ＝λ／４以下の
とき、リアクタンス（キャパシティブ）はＸｃ＝Ｚｏ、
ｌ＝λ／４のときのリアクタンスはＸ＝０、ｌ＝λ／４
〜λ／２のときのリアクタンス（インダクティブ）はＸ
L＝Ｚｏ、ｌ＝λ／２のときのリアクタンスはＸ＝∞と
なる。実際の伝送線路１０を構成する導体の抵抗率はか
なり低いので、伝送線路１０によるオープンスタブの抵
抗分はほぼ無視できるのでリアクタンス成分のみとみる
ことができる。FIG. 2 shows an electrical length and an input reactance characteristic (a) when an open stub is constituted by a cable having a characteristic impedance Zo. As shown in (b), when the electrical length l of the cable is 1 = λ / 4 or less, where λ is the wavelength, the reactance (capacity) is Xc = Zo,
The reactance when l = λ / 4 is X = 0, l = λ / 4
The reactance (inductive) at ~ λ / 2 is X
The reactance when L = Zo and l = λ / 2 is X = ∞. Since the resistivity of the conductor constituting the actual transmission line 10 is considerably low, the resistance of the open stub due to the transmission line 10 can be almost neglected, so that only the reactance component can be regarded.
【００１０】図３は、２本のダイポールアンテナ＃１及
び＃２を０．５λ間隔で配置し、アンテナ＃１が給電さ
れたダイポールアンテナ、＃２がリアクタンスＸを負荷
したダイポールアンテナを示す配置図を示す。FIG. 3 is a layout diagram showing two dipole antennas # 1 and # 2 arranged at an interval of 0.5.lambda., Wherein antenna # 1 is a fed dipole antenna, and # 2 is a dipole antenna loaded with reactance X. Is shown.
【００１１】図４及び図５は、上記図３のように配置さ
れた２本のダイポールアンテナ＃１，＃２の一方のアン
テナ＃２を各種リアクタンスＸで終端したときの放射パ
ターンを示す。FIGS. 4 and 5 show radiation patterns when one of the two dipole antennas # 1 and # 2 arranged as shown in FIG. 3 is terminated with various reactances X. FIG.
【００１２】ダイポールアンテナ単体の特性はほぼ真円
形であり、図から明らかなようにリアクタンスＸ＝∞Ω
のとき、ほぼその特性を再現しているといえる。Ｘ＝∞
Ωとなるのは、伝送線路の電気長がλ／２の整数倍のと
きなので、ケーブルの電気長をλ／２とすることによっ
て、アンテナ＃１，＃２の間隔が０．５λ程度であって
も各アンテナが単体での特性とほぼ同等の放射特性を呈
し、結果として単体アンテナ特性で期待される十分なダ
イバーシチ効果が得られる。The characteristic of the dipole antenna itself is almost a perfect circle, and as apparent from the figure, the reactance X = ∞Ω.
In this case, it can be said that the characteristics are almost reproduced. X = ∞
Ω is obtained when the electrical length of the transmission line is an integral multiple of λ / 2. Therefore, by setting the electrical length of the cable to λ / 2, the distance between the antennas # 1 and # 2 is about 0.5λ. However, each antenna exhibits radiation characteristics substantially equal to characteristics of a single antenna, and as a result, a sufficient diversity effect expected from the characteristics of a single antenna can be obtained.
【００１３】このように伝送線路の電気長をλ／２の整
数倍とする最適化調整によってダイバーシチ効果の高い
ダイバーシチアンテナ回路が実現でき、また、各アンテ
ナ＃１，＃２は単体での放射特性を有するから、各アン
テナを別々に開発することも可能であり、ダイバーシチ
効果の確実性を高めることができる。As described above, a diversity antenna circuit having a high diversity effect can be realized by optimizing and adjusting the electric length of the transmission line to be an integral multiple of λ / 2, and each of the antennas # 1 and # 2 has a single radiation characteristic. Therefore, each antenna can be separately developed, and the reliability of the diversity effect can be improved.
【００１４】なお、本実施例の伝送線路１０は、受信機
または送信機と整合のとれた伝送線路であればよく、上
記実施例以外にも各種線路を用いることができる。ま
た、アンテナは、ダイポールアンテナに限らず実施可能
であり、ダイバーシチ枝の数が３以上の場合でも同様に
実現できる。The transmission line 10 of the present embodiment may be any transmission line matched with a receiver or a transmitter, and various lines other than the above embodiment can be used. Further, the antenna is not limited to the dipole antenna, and can be implemented. Even when the number of diversity branches is three or more, the same can be realized.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上本発明によれば、簡単な構造及び最
適化調整によって、ダイバーシチを構成する各アンテナ
についてアンテナ単体の場合と同等の放射特性を再現で
きる。また、それにより、アンテナ単体特性から期待さ
れるダイバーシチ効果を十分に得ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, the radiation characteristics equivalent to those of a single antenna can be reproduced for each antenna constituting the diversity by a simple structure and optimization adjustment. Further, thereby, the diversity effect expected from the characteristics of the single antenna can be sufficiently obtained.
【００１６】そして、本発明を採用する無線機について
も、小型、低価格、高性能化がはかれる。[0016] Also, the radio equipment adopting the present invention can be reduced in size, cost and performance.
【図１】本発明の一実施例構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】オープンスタブの電気長と入力リアクタンスの
関係特性図である。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between an electrical length of an open stub and an input reactance.
【図３】アンテナの配置説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an antenna arrangement.
【図４】各種リアクタンス負荷時の放射パターン図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a radiation pattern diagram when various reactance loads are applied.
【図５】各種リアクタンス負荷時の放射パターン図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a radiation pattern diagram when various reactance loads are applied.
【図６】従来の構成図である。FIG. 6 is a conventional configuration diagram.
１…アンテナ＃１、２…アンテナ＃２、３、４…アンテ
ナ給電点、６…受信機、７…包絡線検出器、８…包絡線
比較器、９…規準切替レベル入力端子、１２…伝送線
路、１３…切替スイッチ。DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Antenna # 1, 2 ... Antenna # 2, 3, 4 ... Antenna feed point, 6 ... Receiver, 7 ... Envelope detector, 8 ... Envelope comparator, 9 ... Standard switching level input terminal, 12 ... Transmission Track, 13 ... Changeover switch.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平４−262629（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−29994（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−190006（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭50−116345（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 平５−63110（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H01Q 3/24 H01Q 9/16 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-262629 (JP, A) JP-A-5-29994 (JP, A) JP-A-2-190006 (JP, A) 116345 (JP, U) Hira 5-63110 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H01Q 3/24 H01Q 9/16
Claims (1)
受信機または送信機と接続して用いるダイバーシチアン
テナ回路において、上記各アンテナと切替スイッチ回路
の切替部間を伝送線路で接続し、該伝送線路の電気長
を、波長をλとして、λ／２の整数倍の長さに調整して
なることを特徴とするダイバーシチアンテナ回路。In a diversity antenna circuit used by selecting one of a plurality of antennas and connecting to a receiver or a transmitter, each of the antennas and a switching section of a switch circuit are connected by a transmission line. A diversity antenna circuit, wherein an electric length of a transmission line is adjusted to a length of an integral multiple of λ / 2, where λ is a wavelength.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32446694A JP3280180B2 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1994-12-27 | Diversity antenna circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32446694A JP3280180B2 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1994-12-27 | Diversity antenna circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08181526A JPH08181526A (en) | 1996-07-12 |
| JP3280180B2 true JP3280180B2 (en) | 2002-04-30 |
Family
ID=18166133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32446694A Expired - Fee Related JP3280180B2 (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1994-12-27 | Diversity antenna circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3280180B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100322021B1 (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2002-03-20 | 윤종용 | Method for determining distance between diversity antennas |
| JP4725885B2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2011-07-13 | 株式会社国際電気通信基礎技術研究所 | Dipole element, conductor wire and radio wave filter using the same |
| JP2007243661A (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-20 | Dx Antenna Co Ltd | Antenna |
-
1994
- 1994-12-27 JP JP32446694A patent/JP3280180B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08181526A (en) | 1996-07-12 |
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