JP3279839B2 - Cultivator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cultivator having a forward rotation shaft and a reverse rotation shaft arranged coaxially, a plurality of forward rotation claws provided on the forward rotation shaft, and a plurality of reverse rotation claws provided on the reverse rotation shaft. . The cultivator herein refers to a walking-type cultivator (including a walking-type management cultivator) and a riding-type cultivator (including a riding-type management cultivator). The forward claw and the reverse claw include a rotor claw and a rotary claw, and the rotor claw refers to a rotating claw attached to an axle, and the rotary claw refers to a rotating claw attached to a tilling unit provided separately from the axle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The rotating directions of all the rotating claws provided on a cultivator are the same as the forward direction of the machine body (forward rotation) and the rotating direction of the machine body in the opposite direction (reverse rotation). ) Is conventionally known (see, for example, JP-A-4-166424).

[0003]

By arranging the forward-rotating claw and the reverse-rotating claw coaxially with the fuselage, not only the tilling effect is increased and the soil can be finely crushed, but also the propulsion force of the forward-rotating claw Dashing of the airframe can be effectively prevented.

[0004] However, with the above configuration,
When the tip of the forward rotation nail and the tip of the reverse rotation nail adjacent to each other on the rotating surface intersect, small stones or the like may bite into the intersection.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has as its object to prevent a problem that pebbles or the like bite into an intersection of a forward rotation nail and a reverse rotation nail.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a forward rotation shaft and a reverse rotation shaft are coaxially disposed on a transmission case, and a plurality of forward rotation shafts are disposed on the forward rotation shaft. a plurality of reverse rotation pawl in the reverse rotation shaft provided with a Utatetsume, forward
Shaft and reverse shaft rotate in opposite directions at the same rotation speed
A cultivator, wherein the rotating surfaces are adjacent to each other and
Each of said distal end portion of the Seitentsume is curved in the same direction along the axial direction and reversing pawl each tip, airborne aircraft forward side of the axis of and forward shaft and reverse axis above the ground line Intersects the area with an aerial area that is also above the ground line and on the reverse side of the aircraft with respect to the axis,
The aerial area on the forward side of the fuselage is higher than the aerial area on the reverse side of the fuselage , and according to claim 2.
The proposed invention has a forward rotation axis and a reverse rotation axis in the transmission case.
Arranged coaxially, with multiple forward claws on the forward shaft
Provide multiple reverse pawls on the reverse axis, and make the forward and reverse axes the same
Tiller that rotates in the opposite direction at the same rotation speed
And the rotating surfaces are adjacent to each other and each tip is
Reversely curved forward claw and reverse rotation approaching each other along
Place each tip of the claw above the ground line and
Aerial area on the fuselage forward side of the forward and reverse axes
And above the ground line and above the axis
Intersect with the airspace area on the reverse side of the aircraft,
The aerial area on the forward side of the aircraft is the aerial area on the reverse side of the aircraft.
It is characterized by being higher than the area .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first or second aspect , the plurality of forward rotation claws are arranged adjacent to the left and right sides of the transmission case.
A plurality of reverse nails are arranged outside the plurality of normal nails in the left-right direction.

Further, the invention described in claim 4 provides
In addition to the configuration of 3, the forward rotation shaft is fitted to the outer periphery of the reverse rotation shaft so as to be relatively rotatable.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first or second aspect , the plowing width of the plurality of reverse pawls is smaller than the plowing width of the plurality of forward pawls. I do. Cultivator.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 13 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a walking-type tilling machine, FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 2 in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows 4-4 in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken in the direction of lines 5-5 in FIG.
6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 4, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG.
Is a view taken in the direction of arrow 11 in FIG. 4, and FIG. 12 is a view taken along line 12-12 in FIG.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along a line.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the self-propelled walking tilling machine T has an engine bed 2 extending forward from a transmission case 1 supporting a pair of left and right wheels W, W. An engine E having a crankshaft arranged on the upper side of the bed 2 in the lateral direction of the fuselage is mounted. A fuel tank 3, a muffler 4, and an air cleaner 5 are supported on an upper portion of the engine E, and the muffler 4 and the air cleaner 5 are covered by a top cover 6. The right side of the engine E is covered by a starter cover 7 in which a recoil starter is stored, and the left side is covered by a clutch cover 8 in which a belt tension clutch described later is stored. A front weight 9 is attached to the front end of the engine bed 2 so as to protrude forward of the engine E.

A shift lever guide plate 10 is provided on an upper portion of the transmission case 1, and a shift lever 11 extends through the shift lever guide plate 10 toward the rear of the machine. In addition, mission case 1
A handle column 13 integral with the handle 12 is supported at the rear of the shift lever guide plate 10 so as to be adjustable in angle. The handle 12 has a clutch lever 1
4. A throttle lever 15 and a differential lock lever 16 are provided.

At the rear end of the transmission case 1, a forward rotation claw 1 is provided.
7 _{1-17 4} and reverse pawl 18 _{1-18 4} rotary working machine 19 provided with is provided. The upper surface of the rotary work machine 19 is covered with a rotary cover 20, and a resistance bar 21 having a vertically adjustable position is provided at the rear of the rotary cover 20.
And a leveling plate 22 that can swing up and down.

[0015] As shown in FIG. 3, the engine bed 2 is a pair of right and left side plates 2 _1, 2 _1, both side plates 2 _1, between two _first upper edge and between lower edges connected respectively upper 2 ₂ and the lower by the plate 2 ₃ is formed on the section box shape. The upper plate 2 to ₂ are formed four elongated holes 31 ... extending in the longitudinal direction aircraft, four bolts 3 extending through the elongated hole 31 ... from bottom to top
2, the flange 33 provided at the lower part of the engine E
... is fixed. Therefore, the longitudinal position of the engine E can be finely adjusted by the long holes 31.

The crankshaft 34 projecting from the left side of the engine E and the main shaft 35 projecting from the left side of the transmission case 1
6. Belt tension clutch 36
Is a drive pulley 37 fixed to the crankshaft 34.
A driven pulley 38 fixed to the main shaft 36,
The transmission case 1 includes a tension pulley 41 provided at the tip of an arm 40 pivotally supported by a pin 39 on a side wall of the transmission case 1, and a drive pulley 37, a driven pulley 38, and an endless belt 42 wound around the tension pulley 41.

The arm 40 is urged downward by a return spring 43 provided on the pin 39, and the tip of a Bowden wire 44 extending from the clutch lever 14 provided on the handle 12 is connected via a buffer spring 45. Therefore, when the clutch lever 14 is released,
The arm 40 is held at the solid line position by the elastic force of the return spring 43 and the tension of the endless belt 42 is reduced, so that the belt tension clutch 36 is turned off. On the other hand, when the clutch lever 14 is gripped, the arm 40 swings to the chain line position via the Bowden wire 44, and the tension pulley 41 is pressed against the endless belt 42. As a result, the tension of the endless belt 42 increases, and the belt tension clutch 36 is turned on.

As described above, the upper plate 2 of the engine bed 2
The four elongated holes 31 ... formed in ₂ By changing the longitudinal position of the engine E, the belt tension clutch 36
Of the endless belt 42 can be adjusted.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 10, the transmission case 1 branched bifurcated downward and rearward in a side view,
A left case half 51 and a right case half 52 made of an aluminum alloy are joined to the center of the fuselage at a split surface, and the outer periphery thereof is fastened with a plurality of bolts 53. Handle column 1
3 in which bending a metal plate into a U shape, is pivotally supported to freely swing vertically with bolts 54 and nuts 55 through the boss portion 51 _1, 52 ₁ projecting to the left and right from the transmission case 1. Boss 51 _2, 52 ₂ yet another from the transmission case 1 is projected to the left and right, the lever on one end 5
6, a pair of elongated holes 13 ₁ , 13 ₁ formed in the handle column 13 and the pair of bosses 5 are formed.
1 _2, 52 ₂ and through the screwed on nut 59.

Accordingly, if the bolt 57 is loosened by the lever 56, the handle column 13 can be swung around the bolt 54 by the long holes 13 ₁ and 13 ₁ to adjust the angle of the handle 12. If tightened the bolt 57 in the lever 56 of the handle 12 after adjusting to an arbitrary angle, steering column 13 is the angle of the steering wheel 12 is pressed against the end face of the boss portion 51 _2, 52 ₂ are fixed.

Next, the structure of the transmission 61 housed inside the transmission case 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the transmission case 1, the main shaft 3 supported by a pair of ball bearings 62, 62 is provided.
In addition to 5, a counter shaft 64 supported by a pair of ball bearings 63, 63 and a secondary shaft 66 supported by a pair of ball bearings 65, 65 are supported. The counter shaft 64 is the main shaft 35
The secondary shaft 66 is disposed diagonally behind and below the main shaft 35.

A shift rod 67, which is operated by the shift lever 11, is slidably supported on the transmission case 1 obliquely behind and above the main shaft 35 in the transmission case 1. The shift rod 67 is formed with six recesses 67 ₁ ... Corresponding to six shift positions described later.
A ball 69 urged by a spring 68 is provided on the inner wall of the transmission case 1 so as to fit into the recesses 67 ₁ and regulate the position of the shift rod 67.

As is apparent from FIGS. 11 and 12, the plate 70 welded to the lower end of the shift lever 11 has two pins 7 on the upper surface of the transmission case 1.
Swingably pivoted via 1,72, its swing trajectory is restricted by the shift lever guide plate guide groove 10 ₁ formed in the horizontal direction of the machine body 10. Shift rod 67 projecting outward from the right side of transmission case 1
At the right end of the boss portion 73 ₁ formed on the right end of the U-shaped cross section of the connecting member 73 is coupled via a pin 74. Connecting member 73 is disposed in the lateral direction along the top surface of the transmission case 1, the pin 75 implanted on the left end is fitted into the long hole 70 ₁ formed in the plate 70 (see FIG. 4).

Therefore, the shift lever 11 is connected to the guide groove 10
_When it is swung right and left along ₁ , the long hole 7 of the plate 70
0 ₁ connecting member 73 the pin 75 is pressed to move from side to side, the shift rod 67 integral with the connecting member 73 is driven to the left and right. When the shift rod 67 is at the leftmost position in FIG. 5, the shift position is “first forward speed + rotary work machine drive”, and as the shift rod 67 moves rightward therefrom, the shift position becomes “forward one speed”.
The speed is switched in the order of "speed", "neutral", "second forward speed", "neutral", and "reverse". Incidentally, the right end of the guide groove 10 ₁ is bent downward, "forward second speed"
This is because the shift is not directly changed from the position to the "reverse" position after passing the "neutral" position.

As is apparent from FIGS. 5 and 7, one shift fork 81 is welded to the shift rod 67. The main shaft 35 has a small diameter first drive gear 82 and a large diameter second drive gear 83 formed integrally.
Are slidably connected to each other by splines, and the first and second drive gears 82 and 83 are engaged with the shift fork 81.

A rotary driven gear 84 and a rotary drive sprocket 85 integrally formed on the secondary shaft 66 are rotatably supported via needle bearings, and a shift rod 73 is provided at the left end of “first forward speed + rotary operation”. When in the “machine drive” position, the first drive gear 82 having a small diameter meshes with the driven gear 84 for rotary and the driving force is transmitted to the rotary working machine 19.

On the main shaft 35, a small-diameter main first gear 86 and a large-diameter main second gear 87, which are integrally formed, are rotatably supported via needle bearings. The counter shaft 65 includes a counter first gear 88, a counter second gear 89, and a counter third gear 90.
The traveling driven gear 91 and the traveling drive sprocket 92 formed integrally are supported rotatably via needle bearings. A secondary first gear 93,
The secondary second gear 94 is fixed, and the integrally formed small-diameter secondary third gear 95 and large-diameter secondary fourth gear 96 are rotatably supported via needle bearings.

Counter second gear 89 and secondary second gear 89
Gear 94, counter third gear 90 and secondary fourth gear 96, secondary third gear 95 and main second gear 8
7. The first main gear 86 and the driven gear 91 are always meshed. When the shift rod 67 is in the “first forward speed + rotary work machine drive” position and the “first forward speed” position, the first drive gear 82 meshes with the counter second gear 89, and the shift rod 67 moves to the “second forward speed”. When the shift rod 67 is in the "reverse" position, the second drive gear 83 meshes with the secondary first gear 93 when the shift rod 67 is in the "reverse" position.

The integrally formed rotary driven gear 84 and rotary drive sprocket 85 and the integrally formed driven gear 91 and drive sprocket 92 are the same interchangeable parts.
Further, the main first gear 86 and the main second gear 87 formed integrally and the secondary third gear 9 formed integrally.
The fifth and secondary second gears 96 are the same interchangeable parts. Furthermore, the counter first gear 88 and the secondary first gear
The gear 93 is the same interchangeable part, and the counter third gear 90 and the secondary second gear 94 are interchangeable same parts. Thus, the transmission 61
By using the same parts that are interchangeable for the gears and sprockets, the number of parts can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost and management cost can be reduced.

As is apparent from FIG. 6, left and right axles 101, 101 for supporting wheels W, W on the outer end are supported at the lower end of the transmission case 1 via a pair of ball bearings 102, 103, respectively. You. Left and right axle 10
A differential device 104 is provided at the opposite end of each of the differential gears 101, 101. A traveling driven sprocket 106 fixed to a differential box 105 of the differential device 104 and a traveling drive sprocket 92 provided on the counter shaft 65 are provided. , Are connected via an endless chain 107.

The right axle 101 has a differential lock device 10
8 are provided. The diff lock device 108
The right case half 52 of the case 1 is pivotally supported by a pin 109,
The differential lock lever is connected via a Bowden wire (not shown).
And a bell crank 110 connected to the bell crank 110. Missi
The spring case 111 is biased rightward by the spring 111.
Slide rod 112 is slidably supported left and right.
And a pin implanted at the right end of the slide rod 112.
113 is the long hole 110 of the bell crank 110 ₁Engage with
I do. A plurality of claws 114 are provided on the outer periphery of the right axle 101.₁To
Slider 114 is splined so that it can slide left and right
The claw 114 of the slider 114₁Can be engaged with
Number claws 106₁Becomes driving driven sprocket 106
It is formed. Then, it is fixed to the slide rod 112.
The fork 115 engaged with the slider 114.

Therefore, the slider 114 and the traveling driven sprocket 106 are normally driven by the spring force of the spring 111.
Is in a state of being disengaged, and the differential device 104 is in a state capable of exerting its function. In this state, when the differential lock lever 16 is operated to slide the slider 114 to the left via the bell crank 110, the slide rod 112 and the fork 115, the claw 114 _{1 of the} slider 114
The pawl 106 ₁ of the running driven sprocket 106 is engaged, the differential box 105 and right axle 101 is coupled integrally with. As a result, the differential device 104 is locked, and the aircraft can travel straight.

Next, the rotary working machine 19 will be described with reference to FIG.
The forward / reverse rotation mechanism 121 will be described.

The forward / reverse rotation mechanism 121 includes a transmission case 1
Of the left case half 51 and right case half 52 expanded portions 51 ₃ of the rear end of the 52 at ₃ intended to be accommodated in, a pair of left and right supported coaxially of the ball bearings 122 and 122 forward shaft 123 And one reverse rotation shaft 124 extending right and left through the left and right forward rotation shafts 123 and 123 so as to be relatively rotatable.
And

A first intermediate shaft 125 is supported in front of the forward rotation shafts 123, 123 and the reverse rotation shaft 124 via a pair of ball bearings 126, 126.
Above 5, a second intermediate shaft 127 is supported via a pair of ball bearings 128. 8, the first intermediate shaft 125 and the second intermediate shaft 1
Reference numeral 27 is disposed at an equal distance from the normal rotation shafts 123, 123 and the reverse rotation shaft 124 (see FIG. 4).

The rotary driven sprocket 129 fixed to the first intermediate shaft 125 and the rotary drive sprocket 85 are connected via an endless chain 130. First gear 131 fixed to first intermediate shaft 125
The second gear 132 and the third gear 133 and the right forward shaft 123 formed integrally with the left forward shaft 123, respectively.
Meshes with a fourth gear 134 integrally formed with
The second gear 132 is a fifth gear fixed to a second intermediate shaft 127.
The gear meshes with the gear 135. The sixth gear 136 fixed to the second intermediate shaft 127 meshes with the seventh gear 137 fixed to the reverse rotation shaft 124.

Thus, the forward rotation shafts 123, 123 rotate in the same direction as the forward movement direction of the body, and the reverse rotation shaft 124 is in the opposite direction to the forward movement direction of the body, and is the same as the forward rotation shafts 123, 123. It rotates at the rotation speed.

Next, referring to FIG.
Will be described Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 4} and reverse pawl 18 _{1-18 4.}

Sleeves 138, 138 are fixed to the outer circumference of a pair of left and right forward rotation shafts 123, 123 extending outward from the transmission case 1. Each sleeve 138
Two brackets 139 spaced apart in the axial direction
140 is welded and the bracket 139 inside the fuselage
The two forward pawls 17 ₁ and 17 ₂ are bolted to the bracket 140, and the two forward pawls 17 ₃ and 17 ₄ are bolted to the bracket 140 on the outer side of the fuselage. Four forward rotation nails 17
_{1-17 4} tip is curved in its direction of rotation the delayed side (see FIG. 4). Further three tips of Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 3} out of four Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 4} is curved toward the fuselage interior, the tip of the remaining one Seitentsume 17 ₄ It curves toward the outside of the fuselage. Tillage width due Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 4} 4 sheets becomes D is the axial distance between them of two Seitentsume 17 _2, 17 ₄ tip (see FIG. 9).

Sleeves 14 are respectively provided on the outer periphery of both ends of a reversing shaft 124 extending outward from the transmission case 1.
1, 141 are fixed. Three brackets 142, 143, 1 spaced apart in the axial direction are provided on the outer circumference of each sleeve 141.
44 is welded, reversing pawl 18 _first one is bolted to the body inside the bracket 142, ₂ one reversing pawl 18 is bolted to the center of the bracket 143,
Two reversing claws 18 ₃ ,
18 ₄ are bolted. Four reversing claws 18 ₁ -18
₄ of the tip in the direction of rotation behind the side, i.e., curved with the four Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 4} in the reverse direction (see FIG. 4). Furthermore, three reversing claws 18 of the _four reversing claws 18 ₁ to 18 ₄
The tip of ₂ to 18 ₄ is curved toward the inside of the fuselage, and the remaining 1
Reversing pawl 18 ₁ of the front end of the sheet is curved toward the fuselage outside.
The tillage width of the _four reversing claws 18 ₁ to 18 ₄ is 2
Like the reversing pawl 18 _1, 18 d next is an axial distance between ₃ an d <D (see FIG. 9).

Now, the two forward pawls 17 ₃ , 1 on the outside of the fuselage
7 _4, will intersect while rotating in opposite directions to each other and the reverse rotation pawl 18 ₁ of one aircraft interior. At this time, the tip of Seitentsume 17 ₃ curved inboard, the tip of the reversing pawl 18 ₁ is curved to the body outside, is sufficiently ensure the distance between the ends when they intersect . On the other hand, the forward rotation nail 1
7 since the both curved body outside ₄ of the tip and the tip of the reverse pawl 18 _1, the distance between the ends when they intersect becomes relatively small, there the possibility of pebbles biting There is.

As shown in FIG. 13, the most fuselage outer two Seitentsume 17 _3, 17 _4, most of the fuselage inner reversing pawl 18
₁ intersects four regions A, B, C, D during their rotation. That is, the Seitentsume 17 ₃ and the reverse rotation pawl 18 ₁ which is curved in mutually opposite directions (inboard and aircraft outside) air in the region B in the soil of the region A and upward is located below the ground line GL intersect at, also curved in the same direction (machine body outside) mutually Seitentsume 17 ₄ and the reverse rotation pawl 18 ₁
Means that the normal rotation nail 1 intersects in the area C and the area D in the air above the ground line GL.
7 _{1-17 4} and reverse pawl 18 _{1-18 4} phase is set.

As is apparent from FIG. 4, the resistance rod 21 is attached to a rectangular tubular guide member 152 provided at the upper end of a bracket 151 erected on the rear upper surface of the transmission case 1.
Are slidably supported up and down. On the upper surface of the rotary cover 20 supported by the flanges 51 ₄ , 52 ₄ of the transmission case 1 and the bracket 151, a lever 154 integrally having a stopper pin 153 is provided with a pivot 155.
Is pivotally supported by the front and rear. The lever 154
As the stopper pin 153 is engaged with either a plurality of notches 21 ₁ ... of provided on the front edge of the resistance bar 21 is biased by a spring 156 provided on the pivot 155.

Therefore, the lever 154 is swung forward against the elastic force of the spring 156, and
If the 53 is removed from the notches 21 ₁ ..., The resistance bar 21 can be slid to adjust the vertical position. When the lever 154 is released after the position of the resistance bar 21 is adjusted, the stopper pin 153 is released by the elastic force of the spring 156.
Are engaged with the new notches 21 ₁ ..., And the position of the resistance bar 21 is locked.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described.

When the shift lever 11 is operated to the leftmost position, the shift rod 67 slides to the left end position in FIG. 5, and the transmission 61 establishes a shift position of “first forward speed + rotary work machine drive”. In this state, the small diameter first drive gear 82 is simultaneously meshed with the rotary driven gear 84 and the counter second gear 89 by the shift fork 81.

When the belt tension clutch 36 is turned on by grasping the clutch lever 14 from this state, the rotation of the crankshaft 34 of the engine E is transmitted to the main shaft 35 of the transmission 61. The rotation of the main shuff 35 is performed by the first drive gear 82 → the counter second gear 89 → the counter shaft 65 → the counter third gear 90
→ secondary fourth gear 96 → secondary third gear 95 →
The power is transmitted to the traveling drive sprocket 92 in the order of the main second gear 87 → the main first gear 86 → the traveling driven gear 91. The rotation of the drive sprocket 92 for traveling is transmitted to the driven sprocket 106 for traveling shown in FIG. 6 via the endless chain 107, and then transmitted to the left and right axles 101, 101 via the differential device 104. Thus, the rotation of the crankshaft 34 of the engine E is transmitted to the left and right wheels W, W in a state where the speed is reduced at a large reduction ratio, and the walking type tilling machine T is advanced at a low forward first speed.

By the way, the transmission 61 indicates "Forward 1
When the shift position of “speed + rotary working machine drive” is established, the small-diameter first drive gear 82 also meshes with the rotary driven gear 84, and the rotary drive sprocket 85 integrated with the rotary driven gear 84 is driven. . The rotation of the rotary drive sprocket 85 is transmitted via the endless chain 130 and the rotary driven sprocket 129 to the first drive mechanism 121 shown in FIG.
The power is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 125.

The rotation of the first intermediate shaft 125 is controlled by the first gear 13
The forward rotation shaft 123 on the left side is rotated forward through the first and third gears 133, and the second gear 132 and the fourth gear 134 are rotated.
, The right rotation shaft 123 is rotated forward. At the same time, the rotation of the second gear 132 is transmitted to the second intermediate shaft 127 via the fifth gear 135, and the second intermediate shaft 127
Is transmitted to the reverse rotation shaft 124 via the sixth gear 136 and the seventh gear 137. Thus, the two forward rotation shafts 12
3, 123 and one reverse rotation shaft 124 are driven in opposite directions at the same rotational speed. And Thus, as shown in FIG. 9, together with Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 4} provided on the sleeve 138 which is fixed to the forward rotation shaft 123 rotates in the forward direction to travel in the same direction as the direction of the fuselage, the reverse rotation shaft 124 left and right reversing pawl 18 _{1-18 4} provided on the sleeve 141 which is fixed at each end are reversed in a direction opposite to the running direction of the machine body, finely crushed soil while preventing Dasshingu of walk-tilling machine T effectively And effective tilling work can be performed.

[0051] By the way, Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 4} which rotates in the direction of travel in the same direction of the aircraft'll sleep behind the soil was tilling, but reversed claw 18 ₁ which rotates in the direction of travel in the opposite direction of the fuselage
To 18 ₄ will be Haneageru the soil forward. Therefore,
When If disposing the reverse rotation pawl 18 _{1-18 4} inward in the width direction of the machine body, possibly reversing pawl 18 _{1-18 4} soil that splashed on the front is faced embrace the front of the transmission case 1, aircraft stack is there. However, by placing the Seitentsume 17 _{1-17 4} inward in the width direction of the machine body and disposed reversely pawl 18 _{1-18 4} on the outside, reverse pawl 18 ₁
To 18 ₄ and the distance between the transmission case 1 can be sufficiently ensured, reversing pawl 18 ₁ to 18 ₄ is avoid entering soil was splashed on the front is deposited on the lower surface of the transmission case 1, a stack of aircraft forestall Is prevented.

As shown in FIG.
Sheets of The Seitentsume 17 _3, 17 ₄ and one of the reversing nails 18 _1,
They cross while rotating in opposite directions. In this case, it would intersect at the soil in the area A and the air in the region B to the tip of Seitentsume 17 ₃ of the front end and the reverse rotation pawl 18 _1, although there is no airborne in region B problem, soil region A
In this case, there is a possibility that pebbles or the like may bite between the tips of the claws 17 ₃ and 18 ₁ . However, since the curved in a direction away from each other in the horizontal direction of the machine body and tip with the tip of the reverse pawl 18 _first Seitentsume 17 _3, biting such the pebbles can be prevented.

[0053] On the other hand, the reverse with the tip of the Seitentsume 17 ₄ claw 18 ₁
Both are curved in the same direction (outside the fuselage) with the tip of
Both pawls 17 _4, 18 the distance between the _first tip there is a possibility that pebbles close biting. However, the tip of Seitentsume 17 ₄ of the tip and the reverse rotation pawl 18 _1, and the region C of the body forward side of and the forward rotation shaft 123 and the axis of the reversing shaft 124 above the ground line GL, also ground line GL, and intersects with a region D on the vehicle rearward side of the axis, the region C on the forward side of the vehicle is higher than the region D on the rearward side of the vehicle, and these regions C and D Is also in the air, so that the pebbles and the like are prevented from being bitten. The Seitentsume 17 Thus ₄ and reverse pawl 18 ₁
According to the present invention (claim 1), "the rotating surfaces are adjacent to each other and
Forward claw with each tip curved in the same direction along the axial direction;
Constituting a “reversing claw”.

Referring to FIG. 5 again, when shift rod 67 slides rightward from the leftmost “first forward speed + rotary work machine drive” position, transmission 61 displays “forward 1st speed”.
A "fast" shift position is established. That is, the small-diameter first drive gear 82 that has meshed with the rotary driven gear 84 and the counter second gear 89 until then is disengaged from the rotary driven gear 84 and meshes with only the counter second gear 89. . As a result, the transmission of the driving force to the rotary work machine 19 is interrupted, and the walking-type tilling work machine T moves forward 1 while the rotary work machine 19 is stopped.
Move forward fast.

When the shift rod 67 is further slid to the right, the vehicle moves past the “neutral” position to “second forward speed”.
Is established. In the “second forward speed” shift position, the small-diameter first drive gear 82 does not mesh with any gear, and a new large-diameter second drive gear 83
Meshes with the counter first gear 88. As a result, the rotation of the main shuff 35 is changed from the second drive gear 83 → the counter first gear 88 → the counter shaft 65 → the counter third gear 90 → the secondary fourth gear 96 → the secondary third gear 95 → the main second gear 87 → The power is transmitted to the traveling drive sprocket 92 in the order of the main first gear 86 → the traveling driven gear 91. Thus, the rotation of the crankshaft 34 of the engine E is transmitted to the left and right wheels W, W in a state where the speed is reduced at a smaller reduction ratio than in the case of the above-mentioned "first forward speed", and the walking-type tilling machine is driven at a high speed. Forward at 2nd speed.

When the shift rod 67 is further slid to the right, a "reverse" shift position is established past the "neutral" position. In the “reverse” shift position, the large-diameter second drive gear 83
The gear disengages from the gear 88 and newly meshes with the secondary first gear 93. As a result, the rotation of the main shuff 35 is changed from the second drive gear 83 → the secondary second gear 93 → the secondary shaft 66 → the secondary second gear 94 → the counter second
Gear 89 → Counter shaft 65 → Counter third gear 9
0 → secondary fourth gear 96 → secondary third gear 95
→ the driving second sprocket 92 → the main second gear 87 → the main first gear 86 → the driving driven gear 91 in this order.
Is transmitted to Thus, the rotation of the crankshaft 34 of the engine E is reduced to the reverse rotation and transmitted to the left and right wheels W, W, and the walking-type tilling machine T moves backward at a low speed.

A single shift fork 81 is used to switch between the first forward speed, the second forward speed, and the reverse shift position.
Can be switched ON / OFF, so that the structure of the transmission 61 can be greatly simplified by reducing the number of parts.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made.

For example, the inversion claw 18₁~ 18_FourThe fuselage width
Is disposed on the inner side in the direction, and the₁~ 17_FourTo
You may arrange.In addition, the present invention corresponds to claim 1 of the present invention.
In the embodiment,Forward rotation claw 17 whose rotation surface is adjacent_FourReverse to the tip of
Rolling claws 18₁When the tip of the
If you want to bend awayAs previously mentionedStone bite
Problem does not occur), both claws 17_Four, 18₁The aerial C
The region and the region D intersect to prevent stone biting.This
Against, Both claws 17_Four, 18₁Tips approach each other
Even if it bends like this, stone biting is likely to occur.
Similarly, cross the stones in the C and D areas in the air
Need to preventIn this case, the embodiment is described in claim 2
And two claws 17 _Four , 18
₁ The "rotational surfaces are adjacent to each other and each tip
With the curves curved in opposite directions to approach each other along the axial direction
Nails and inverted nails ". BookThe invention is a riding type rotary
Applied to cultivator or walking rotor cultivator
The same operation and effect can be obtained.

[0060]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the normal rotation shaft and the reverse rotation shaft are rotated in the opposite directions at the same rotation speed, and the rotation surfaces are adjacent to each other. Each of the claw tip portions curved in the same direction is positioned above the ground line and in the aerial region on the fuselage forward side with respect to the axis of the forward rotation axis and the reverse rotation axis, and also above the ground line and the axis. Crossing with the aerial region on the fuselage backward side, the aerial region on the forward body side of the fuselage is higher than the aerial region on the reverse side of the fuselage, so pebbles and the like in the soil are at the intersection of the two rotating claws. The trouble of being bitten can be avoided beforehand, and the tilling work can be performed smoothly. Ma
According to the invention of claim 2, the forward rotation axis and the reverse rotation axis are the same.
Rotate in opposite directions at a rotational speed so that the rotating surfaces
In the opposite direction of the adjacent forward and reverse nails approaching each other
Each curved tip is above the ground line and
Aerial area on the fuselage forward side of the forward and reverse axes
And above the ground line and above the axis
Intersect with the airspace area on the reverse side of the aircraft,
The aerial area on the forward side of the aircraft is the aerial area on the reverse side of the aircraft.
Because it is higher than the area, pebbles in the soil are at the intersection of both rotating claws
The trouble of being bitten is avoided beforehand and the tillage work is smooth.
Can be performed in a simple manner.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a walking-type tilling machine.

FIG. 2 is a view in the direction of arrows in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view in the direction of arrows in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows 4-4 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 4;

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a view in the direction of arrows 9 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 11 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 11 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line 12-12 of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Transmission case 17 _{1 to} 17 ₄ Forward jaw 18 ₁ to 18 ₄ Reverse jaw 123 Forward axis 124 Reverse axis GL Ground line

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01B 33/08-33/12

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A forward rotation shaft (12) is mounted on a transmission case (1).
3) and the reverse rotation shaft (124) are disposed coaxially, and the forward rotation shaft (1
A plurality of reverse rotation pawl in the reverse rotation shaft (124) provided with a plurality of Seitentsume (17 ₁ to 17 ₄₎ to 23) (18 ₁ to 1
8 ₄ ), a forward rotation shaft (123) and a reverse rotation shaft (124)
Cultivator, which is rotated at the same rotational speed in opposite directions , wherein the rotating surfaces are adjacent to each other and each tip is in the same direction along the axial direction.
Seitentsume which is curved toward (17 ₄₎ and reverse pawl (18 ₁₎
The above-mentioned respective tip portions are in an aerial region (C) above the ground line (GL) and on the fuselage forward side with respect to the axes of the forward rotation shaft (123) and the reverse rotation shaft (124), and the ground line (GL). ), And intersects with an aerial region (D) on the fuselage backward side of the axis, and the aerial region (C) on the fuselage forward side is greater than the aerial region (D) on the reverse vehicle side. Tiller, characterized by its high height. 2. A forward rotation shaft (12) is mounted on a transmission case (1).
3) and the reverse rotation shaft (124) are disposed coaxially, and the forward rotation shaft (1
Multiple Seitentsume 23) (17 ₁ to 17 ₄₎ to provide the bets
A plurality of reversing claws ( 181 to ₁ ) are provided on the reversing shaft (124).
8 ₄ ), a forward rotation shaft (123) and a reverse rotation shaft (124)
Cultivation by rotating in the opposite direction at the same rotation speed
A cultivator, in which the rotating surfaces are adjacent to each other and each tip is
Forward claw (17 ₄ ) curved in the opposite direction to approach and reverse
Connect each tip of the inversion claw (18 ₁ ) to a ground line (G
L) and the forward rotation axis (123) and the reverse rotation axis (1).
24) an aerial region (C) on the forward side of the fuselage with respect to the axis,
Also above the ground line (GL) and the axis
Intersects with the aerial area (D) on the reverse side of the aircraft from the line
Is allowed, the air in the region of the machine body forward side (C), the body backward side
Tilling characterized by being higher than the aerial area (D)
Machine. Wherein while disposed adjacent the plurality of Seitentsume the left and right sides of the transmission case (1) (17 ₁ to 17 _4), the plurality of Seitentsume (17 ₁ to 17 ₄₎
The characterized in that a plurality of reverse rotation pawl (18 _{1-18 4)} outward in the left-right direction, tiller according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The rotation shaft (123) is connected to the rotation shaft (1).
The cultivator according to claim 3 , characterized in that the cultivator is fitted to the outer periphery of (24) so as to be relatively rotatable. 5., wherein the tillage width of said plurality of reverse rotation pawl (18 _{1-18 4)} is narrower and more tillage width of said plurality of Seitentsume (17 ₁ to 17 _4), according to claim 1 Or the cultivator according to 2 .