JP3264872B2 - Crossflow type cooling tower - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cross-flow cooling tower,
More specifically, it relates to a cross-flow cooling tower capable of preventing white smoke.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art During operation of a cooling tower, particularly in winter, when air passing through the inside of the cooling tower and being heated and increased in humidity and discharged outside the tower, that is, exhaust air comes into contact with cool outside air, high-humidity exhaust gas is generated. The water vapor liquefies and becomes a mist, which looks like white smoke, looks like white smoke at the time of a fire, and harmful exhaust gas is scattered around, causing environmental pollution and pollution. It may be seen as if it were in the air, and if large white smoke is generated, it may obstruct the view and obstruct traffic.

Heretofore, in order to prevent the generation of such white smoke, as shown in FIG.
A method in which the indirect heating coil 21 is installed on the gas-liquid contact heat exchange unit 22 has been used. This method uses the heat of the return water of the cooling water as a heat source so that no extra heat is required,
The sensible heat is given to the air by passing a part of the air through the indirect heating coil, but the rise of the latent heat is not caused. When the air to which the sensible heat is applied and the air in which the latent heat is increased together with the sensible heat, that is, the air in which the temperature and the humidity are increased by passing through the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section, the humidity of the whole mixed air becomes the latter. Because the ambient temperature is lower than the humidity of the air, the discharged mixed air can adopt operating conditions that do not generate white smoke even if it comes in contact with cold outside air.For example, the amount of air that is indirectly heated according to the temperature and humidity conditions of the outside air An operation for adjusting the value is performed.

However, in this method, the tower height is increased, the size of the apparatus is increased, and the installation position of the indirect heating coil is generally left and right due to the structure of the cooling tower. Is difficult to install, and since the twist of the air flow by the exhaust fan is restricted to about 18 °, it is difficult to obtain good stirring and mixing of air, and it is not possible to obtain a sufficient white smoke prevention effect. .

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional cross-flow type cooling tower, has a low tower height, can sufficiently stir and mix air, and is excellent in preventing white smoke. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an AC type cooling tower.

[0006]

The present inventors have conducted various studies to develop a cross-flow type cooling tower having the above-mentioned preferable characteristics. In the cross-flow type cooling tower that forms an air passage with a hollow part, it has been found that the purpose can be achieved by providing a heating element that heats while passing outside air taken in from below. The invention has been completed.

That is, according to the present invention, the upper part is an exhaust port provided with an exhaust fan, the lower part is a water tank, and at least a part of the side wall is brought into contact with the inflowing outside air and the water to be sprayed to be cooled. In the cross-flow cooling tower formed in the gas-liquid contact heat exchange part to be exchanged, and forming an air passage with a hollow portion between the gas-liquid contact heat exchange part and the exhaust port, from the lower end position of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange part In order to introduce outside air from below, a lower outside air inlet is provided on the gas-liquid contact heat exchanging section supporting floor in communication with the hollow portion, and the upper side of the lower outside air inlet is covered with an air passage gap and heated. A heating element provided with a means is provided, and an outside air passage for guiding outside air to a lower outside air introduction port is formed between the water surface of the water tank and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support floor, or the outside air passage is A ventilation floor below the supporting floor of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section with an outside air inlet There is provided a crossflow cooling tower, characterized in that it consists of the wind path formed by attached.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a cross-flow type cooling tower according to the present invention, a heating element having an air passage space and provided with a heating means introduces outside air from below a lower end position of a gas-liquid contact heat exchange section. Therefore, it is disposed so as to cover above a lower outside air inlet provided in communication with the hollow portion. The lower outside air inlet is preferably provided on a gas-liquid contact heat exchange part supporting floor on which the gas-liquid contact heat exchange part is placed and supported. As the type of the cooling tower, it is preferable that a part of the side wall is formed as a gas-liquid contact heat exchanging section that performs heat exchange by bringing the flowing outside air into contact with the water to be cooled. The heating body is not particularly limited, and various shapes and structures such as a plate-like body, a spiral body, a spiral body, and a meandering tubular body are used. When the heating body is a plate-like body or a meandering tubular body, it is preferably arranged so as to cover the upper part of the lower outside air inlet and to approach the plate-like surface or the meandering tubular surface upward. In this way, the outside air taken in from below the lower end position of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section is efficiently heated while passing through the air passage gap of the heating body.

When the heating body is a plate-like body, it is not particularly limited, and may be a flat body, a curved plate-like body, or a single body or a combination of two or more. As the curved plate-shaped body, a truncated cone-shaped cylinder is also exemplified. When the heating body is a meandering tubular body, there is no particular limitation, and the longitudinal portion of the meandering tube may be a straight tube or a curved tube. Further, it may be a single substance or a combination of two or more. When the heating body is a flat body or a meandering tubular body (hereinafter referred to as a flat body or the like), it is preferable that the cooling tower has a square shape, especially a square shape. In this case, it is preferable that the meandering tubular body has a straight portion in the longitudinal direction. Further, in the case of a quadrangular shape, it is preferable that the gas-liquid contact heat exchanging portion is erected in a pair facing each other, and that the plate-shaped body or the like is opposed to the pair of gas-liquid contacting heat exchanging portions. As shown in FIG. 2, one side wall may be formed in the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section, and one of the pair of flat bodies may be opposed to the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section. And the like. It is preferable that the flat plates and the like opposed to each other as described above have their upper ends closed. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the airflow from passing between the upper ends of the opposed flat plate members or the like, thereby lengthening the flow path of the airflow before reaching the exhaust fan and performing sufficient mixing. become. Further, it is preferable that the opposing flat plate members and the like are disposed so as to cover the upper part of the lower outside air introduction port and to approach each other upward. A plurality of square cooling towers can be connected and installed. When the plate-like body is a frustoconical cylinder, the cooling tower is preferably of a type in which outside air flows in from all sides, and such a thing as shown in FIG. No. It is preferable that the frustoconical cylindrical body has its upper end closed. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the airflow from passing through the top of the truncated conical cylindrical body, and thereby the flow path of the airflow before reaching the exhaust fan is lengthened, so that sufficient mixing can be performed. Further, the cooling tower may be cylindrical.

As for the heating means, sensible heat is given to the outside air, but there is no particular limitation as long as the rise of latent heat is not caused. Usually, dry heating means, for example, return water of cooling water of various plants or indirectly by steam. A heating means, a burner, electric heating, or the like is used.

Further, it is necessary that the heating element has an air passage space. The air passage gap is not particularly limited as long as the outside air taken in from below passes through the heating element, and examples thereof include a gap in a meandering pipe and a gap in a porous plate.

In order to adjust the air flow of the outside air flowing into the heating body or to shut off the outside air, a damper or other restricting mechanism or a lid is provided at a front surface of the heating body, a lower outside air inlet, and / or an appropriate position of an outside air passage described later. You can do this by doing In periods when there is no risk of generating white smoke, such as in summer, it is preferable to reduce the air volume as much as possible or to shut off the outside air. I just need.

[0013] The cooling tower of the present invention is provided with an outside air passage for guiding outside air to a lower outside air inlet. The outside air passage can be formed, for example, between the water surface of the water tank and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section supporting floor provided with the lower outside air inlet. Also, the outside air passage
It may be composed of an air passage formed by attaching a ventilation floor below the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section supporting floor provided with the lower outside air introduction port. In the case of the wind path, the cooling tower becomes slightly higher, but since the ventilation resistance is small, the tower height of the cooling tower can be made lower than the conventional one shown in FIG.

In order to form the outside air passage between the water surface of the water tank and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section supporting floor, for example, at least a part of the outer wall of the water tank is formed on the side of the cooling tower main body and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support. Provided outside the floor to form a space for the outside air to flow between the outer wall and the side of the cooling tower body and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support, and to flow between the water surface and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support For example, a method of providing a space through which outside air passes is used. At least a part of the outer wall of the water tank is, for example, in the case of a rectangular cooling tower, the water tank is also usually rectangular, but the outer wall corresponding to the two opposing sides or one of them, or the circular cooling tower In this case, the water tank is also generally circular, but means the entire outer wall thereof. In the case of this method, it is preferable to provide an underfloor beam for blocking the inflow of outside air when the water level of the water tank is higher than a predetermined value and sealing the water when the water level of the water tank is higher than a predetermined value. In this way, when there is no danger of generating white smoke such as in summer, the water level is raised to seal the water, and when there is a danger of generating white smoke, especially in the winter or rainy season, the water level is lowered to release the water seal, and The cooling tower can be operated efficiently by opening the passage. The water level can be adjusted by moving the water gate up and down or opening and closing a valve. For example, the water level can be lowered by lowering the water gate to overflow. When a valve is used, it is preferable to determine the overflow position with the valve.

In addition to the water sealing method, a slide damper is provided at the lower outside air inlet provided on the supporting floor of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section or at an appropriate position of the underfloor beam to open or shut off the outside air passage. However, the sliding operation can be performed by raising and lowering the slide damper. In order to appropriately open and shut off the outside air passage, a damper or an openable and closable lid is provided between the outer wall of the water tank and the cooling tower main body side or the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support floor, and opening and closing is performed. Is also good. One of these opening / closing means for the outside air passage may be used, or two or more of them may be used in combination.

In the cooling tower of the present invention, the gas-liquid contact heat exchanging section is not particularly limited as long as it makes heat exchange by bringing inflowing outside air into contact with water to be sprinkled. In addition, there are those in which water to be cooled is sprayed downward from above and those in which gas-liquid contact is made directly by water spray without using a filler. The gas-liquid contact heat exchange section is formed on at least a part of the side wall. For example, when the cooling tower has a square shape, it is on the opposite side surface, and when the cooling tower is of a type in which outside air flows in from all sides, the front and rear sides are left and right. Of 4
The cooling tower is formed on the side surface or, when the cooling tower is cylindrical, on the entire peripheral surface. The state of water to be cooled is not particularly limited, but is usually a liquid film, a droplet, a spray, or a coexistence thereof. The water tank is a tank that receives and stores cooling water obtained by heat-exchanging water to be cooled with inflowing outside air at a lower temperature.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a cooling tower according to the present invention, which has a square shape. FIG. 1 (a) is a front sectional view, and 1 is an exhaust port provided at an upper portion. An exhaust fan 2 is provided. Numeral 3 is a side portion of the cooling tower main body having a rectangular shape, and an outside air intake 4 is provided therein. Reference numeral 5 denotes a gas-liquid contact heat exchanging unit for exchanging heat by making the outside air sucked by the exhaust fan 2 from the outside air inlet 4 and the water to be sprinkled orthogonally and in contact with each other, and is disposed to face left and right. . Reference numeral 6 denotes a hollow portion between the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section 5 and the exhaust port 1, which forms an air passage.
7 is a sprinkler tank for sprinkling warm water which is water to be cooled,
A watering hole is formed in the bottom of the watering tank 7.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 8 denotes a heating element, which has an air-passing gap and has a flat plate-like body provided with a heating means. , And are arranged such that the respective plate-shaped surfaces approach each other upward. That is, the opposing flat plate members are opposed to each other so that the space between them is widened downward and narrowed upward. The space between the upper ends of the opposing flat plates is covered with a lid 10. Reference numeral 11 denotes an outside air passage, and a water tank 12
The left and right outer walls 13 are provided outside the cooling tower main body side and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange part support floor 14 to provide a space between the outer wall and the side part and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange part support floor where the outside air flows. It is formed by providing a space through which outside air flows in between the water surface of the water stored in the water tank 12 and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange unit support. The gas-liquid contact heat exchanging section support floor 14 is provided with a drain hole so that water that has been sprinkled and heat exchanged flows down to the water tank. In order to allow this water to flow down, the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support may be slightly inclined. Further, instead of the left and right outer walls of the water tank, the front and rear outer walls may be similar to the above. A lower outside air inlet 9 is opened in the gas-liquid contact heat exchanging section supporting floor 14, and a beam 15 below the floor is vertically provided. The under-floor beams are for raising the water level of the water tank as shown by a dotted line in FIG. Reference numeral 16 denotes a water gate disposed on the outer wall 13 of the water tank, and the water level is adjusted by vertical movement. A schematic diagram of the floodgate 16 and the outer wall 13 provided therein is shown in FIG. 1 (b). An overflow opening is formed on the outer wall 13 with a width smaller than the width of the floodgate.
6 moves up and down as shown by the dotted and solid lines in FIG.

In FIG. 4, similarly to FIG. 1, the left and right outer walls of the water tank are provided outside the cooling tower body side and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support floor, and the outer wall and the side and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange are provided. A space through which the outside air flows in between the floor and the floor, and a space through which the outside air flows in between the water surface and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange part floor. And another example of the blocking means is shown schematically. In FIG.
Reference numeral 17 denotes a slide damper, which is disposed on one of the left and right sides of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support floor or the underfloor beam attached thereto, and opens and closes the external air passage regardless of the fluctuation of the water level by its raising and lowering operation. Cut off. Reference numeral 18 denotes a lid or a damper which is arranged to be openable and closable between the outer wall and the side or the gas-liquid contact heat exchanging unit support on the other side on the right and left sides. To shut off the outside air passage, the slide damper may be lowered and the lid or the damper may be closed.

FIG. 5 shows another example of the outside air passage.
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 19 denotes an air passage formed by attaching a ventilation floor 20 below the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support floor 14, which serves as an outside air passage. Since the ventilation resistance of this air passage is small, the tower height of the cooling tower can be made lower than the conventional tower shown in FIG.

[0021]

The present invention has the following remarkable effects. (1) The height of the cooling tower can be reduced. The following advantages are derived by lowering the tower height. (A) Since it can be made compact and compact, the structural material can be reduced, and the required values of seismic resistance and wind pressure can be reduced in design, and the structural material can be reduced. For example, the number of wall materials and steel materials can be reduced, the strength of the foundation can be reduced, the number and strength of anchors can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced. (B) The power of the water pump can be reduced. (C) Maintenance work and the like are easy to carry out, which is advantageous for maintenance, and the number of steps required for maintenance can be reduced. (2) The air can be sufficiently stirred and mixed. In a conventional cooling tower in which the indirect heating coil is installed on the gas-liquid contact heat exchange unit facing the air, the installation position of the indirect heating coil is difficult to install in other facing directions due to its structure. In general, the twist of the airflow is limited to about 18 °, so that it is difficult to obtain good stirring and mixing of air. However, the present invention does not have such a problem. This is presumed to be due to the fact that there is a sufficient distance until the airflow reaches the exhaust fan that also has a stirring action, and the mixing time becomes longer.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one example of a cooling tower of the present invention having a square shape.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another example of the cooling tower of the present invention having a square shape.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cooling tower of the present invention in which outside air flows in from all directions, FIG.
(B) is a schematic plan view.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another example of the opening / closing means of the outside air passage in the cooling tower of the present invention having a square shape.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another example of the outside air passage in the cooling tower of the present invention having a square shape.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional cross-flow type cooling tower in which a conventional indirect heating coil is installed on a gas-liquid contact heat exchange unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exhaust port 2 Exhaust fan 3 Cooling tower main body side 4 Outside air intake 5 Gas-liquid contact heat exchange part 6 Hollow part 7 Sprinkler tank 8 Heating body 9 Lower outside air inlet 10 Lid 11 Outside air passage 12 Water tank 13 Outer wall 14 Gas liquid Contact heat exchange section support floor 15 Under-floor beam 16 Sluice gate 17 Slide damper 18 Lid or damper 19 Wind path 20 Ventilation floor 21 Indirect heating coil 22 Gas-liquid contact heat exchange section

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Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] An upper portion is an exhaust port provided with an exhaust fan, a lower portion is a water tank, and at least a part of the side wall is in heat and heat exchange by bringing inflowing outside air into contact with water to be cooled. In a cross-flow type cooling tower formed in the contact heat exchange section and forming an air passage with a hollow portion between the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section and the exhaust port, the outside air from below the lower end position of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section A lower outside air inlet is provided in the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support bed in communication with the hollow portion to introduce the air, an upper portion of the lower outside air inlet is covered, an air passage gap is provided, and a heating means is provided. A cross-flow cooling tower, wherein a heating element is provided, and an outside air passage for guiding outside air to a lower outside air inlet is formed between the water surface of the water tank and the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support floor. 2. The cross-flow according to claim 1, wherein an under-floor beam is provided at an appropriate place of the gas-liquid contact heat exchanging section supporting floor to block the inflow of outside air when the water level of the water tank is higher than a predetermined value and to seal the water. Type cooling tower. 3. The cross-flow cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein a slide damper is disposed at a proper position of a lower outside air inlet or a beam under the floor provided on the supporting floor of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange unit. 4. A cross-flow type cooling system according to claim 1, wherein a damper or an openable / closable lid is provided between the outer wall of the water tank and the side of the cooling tower main body or the gas-liquid contact heat exchange unit support. Tower. 5. Gas-liquid for heat exchange by bringing an upper portion into an exhaust port provided with an exhaust fan, a lower portion as a water tank, and at least a part of a side wall in contact with inflowing outside air and water to be cooled. In a cross-flow type cooling tower formed in the contact heat exchange section and forming an air passage with a hollow portion between the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section and the exhaust port, the outside air from below the lower end position of the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section A lower outside air inlet is provided in the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section support bed in communication with the hollow portion to introduce the air, an upper portion of the lower outside air inlet is covered, an air passage gap is provided, and a heating means is provided. An air passage in which a heating element is provided, and an outside air passage for guiding outside air to a lower outside air inlet is formed by attaching a ventilation floor below the gas-liquid contact heat exchange section supporting floor provided with the lower outside air inlet; A cross-flow cooling tower characterized by comprising: 6. A part of a side wall is formed as a gas-liquid contact heat exchanging portion for exchanging heat by bringing inflowing outside air into contact with water to be sprinkled, and a heating body is a flat plate or a meandering tubular body. The cross-flow cooling tower according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein 7. The cross-flow type cooling tower according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of cooling tower bodies having a square shape are connected to each other.