JP3262395B2 - Spindle device of machine tool - Google Patents
Spindle device of machine toolInfo
- Publication number
- JP3262395B2 JP3262395B2 JP01635893A JP1635893A JP3262395B2 JP 3262395 B2 JP3262395 B2 JP 3262395B2 JP 01635893 A JP01635893 A JP 01635893A JP 1635893 A JP1635893 A JP 1635893A JP 3262395 B2 JP3262395 B2 JP 3262395B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- main shaft
- spindle
- specific gravity
- machine tool
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Turning (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、工作機械の主軸装置に
かかり、特に、主軸を高速回転させるのに好適な主軸装
置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle device for a machine tool, and more particularly to a spindle device suitable for rotating a spindle at a high speed.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】マシニングセンタ等の工作機械において
は、その主軸の回転速度の高速化が進められている。こ
のため、主軸の小径化や、流体軸受の採用など、いろい
ろな対策が行なわれている。2. Description of the Related Art In a machine tool such as a machining center, the rotation speed of a main shaft is being increased. For this reason, various countermeasures have been taken, such as reducing the diameter of the main shaft and using a fluid bearing.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、軸端の直径が
５０ｍｍの主軸を、５００００ｒｐｍの高速回転させる
と、その回転によって作用する遠心力によって主軸が膨
張し、軸心に形成されたテーパ穴の径が、軸端で、約８
μｍ拡がってしまう。However, when a main shaft having a shaft end diameter of 50 mm is rotated at a high speed of 50,000 rpm, the main shaft expands due to centrifugal force acting by the rotation, and a tapered hole formed in the shaft center is formed. The diameter is about 8 at the shaft end.
It expands by μm.
【０００４】このため、実加工時には、主軸先端に装着
された工具ホルダへの保持力が低下し、工具ホルダに傾
きにより回転バランスが低下することがあった。また、
工具ホルダを引き込んでスラスト方向の位置精度を低下
させたり、あるいは、主軸を停止させたとき、主軸と工
具ホルダが喰い付きを起こし、工具交換に支障を来すこ
とがある。For this reason, at the time of actual machining, the holding force of the tool holder mounted on the tip of the spindle decreases, and the rotation balance may decrease due to the inclination of the tool holder. Also,
When the tool holder is pulled in to lower the position accuracy in the thrust direction or when the spindle is stopped, the spindle and the tool holder may bite, which may hinder tool replacement.
【０００５】また、主軸を転がり軸受で支持している場
合には、遠心力による主軸の膨張により、主軸を支持す
る転がり軸受の予圧が上がり、軸受が焼き付きを起こす
ことがある。When the main shaft is supported by a rolling bearing, expansion of the main shaft due to centrifugal force increases the preload of the rolling bearing that supports the main shaft, and the bearing may seize.
【０００６】上記の事情に鑑み、本発明の目的は、高速
回転時における主軸の膨張を抑制するようにした工作機
械の主軸装置を提供することにある。In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a spindle device for a machine tool which suppresses expansion of the spindle during high-speed rotation.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
め、本発明においては、工具取り付け側端部の外周面に
環状の溝が形成され、この溝内に比重が小さく、縦弾性
係数が大きい繊維を巻き付けた主軸を設けた。In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, an annular groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tool mounting side end, and has a small specific gravity and a low longitudinal elastic modulus in this groove. A spindle with large fibers wound was provided.
【０００８】また、工具取り付け側端部および転がり軸
受取り付け位置の両側の外周面にそれぞれ環状の溝が形
成され、これらの溝内に比重が小さく、縦弾性係数が大
きい繊維を巻き付けた主軸を設けた。In addition, annular grooves are formed in the outer peripheral surface on both sides of the tool mounting side end and the rolling bearing mounting position, and a main shaft wound with fibers having a small specific gravity and a large longitudinal elastic coefficient is provided in these grooves. Was.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】そして、高速回転時の遠心力により主軸が膨張
するとき、主軸の溝に巻かれた比重が小さく、縦弾性係
数が大きい繊維によって、その膨張を抑制する。When the main shaft expands due to the centrifugal force at the time of high-speed rotation, the expansion is suppressed by the fiber wound around the groove of the main shaft and having a small specific gravity and a large longitudinal elastic coefficient.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を、図面に基づいて説
明する。◆図１は、本発明の第１の実施例を示すもの
で、同図において、１は工作機械の主軸頭。２は空気軸
受で、主軸頭１に固定されている。３は主軸で、空気軸
受２を介して主軸頭１に回転可能に支持されている。３
ａは溝で、主軸３の先端部に形成されている。４は比重
が小さく、縦弾性係数が大きい繊維で形成した繊維層
で、繊維に合成樹脂を含浸させ、僅かな（炭素繊維に弛
みが発生しない程度の）張力を与えながら、溝３ａに複
数層巻き付けた後、合成樹脂を硬化させて形成してあ
る。５はコレットで、主軸３の軸心に、その軸方向に移
動可能に支持されている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a spindle head of a machine tool. An air bearing 2 is fixed to the spindle head 1. A spindle 3 is rotatably supported on the spindle head 1 via an air bearing 2. 3
a is a groove formed at the tip of the main shaft 3. Reference numeral 4 denotes a fiber layer formed of fibers having a low specific gravity and a large longitudinal elastic modulus. After winding, it is formed by curing the synthetic resin. A collet 5 is supported by the axis of the main shaft 3 so as to be movable in the axial direction.
【００１１】６は工具ホルダで、フランジ部６ａの一端
にテーパ部６ｂが形成され、その一端にはコレット５に
着脱可能に保持されるプルスタッド６ｃが形成されてい
る。また、フランジ部６ａの他の一端には、工具取付部
６ｄが形成され、その外周にねじが形成されている。７
はナットで、工具ホルダ６の工具取付部６ｄのねじに螺
合する。８はコレットで、工具ホルダ６の工具取付部６
ｄの軸心に形成されたテーパ穴に嵌合する。９は工具
で、コレット８に装着される。Reference numeral 6 denotes a tool holder. A tapered portion 6b is formed at one end of a flange portion 6a, and a pull stud 6c detachably held on the collet 5 is formed at one end. A tool mounting portion 6d is formed at the other end of the flange portion 6a, and a screw is formed around the tool mounting portion 6d. 7
Is a nut, which is screwed into the screw of the tool mounting portion 6d of the tool holder 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes a collet, which is a tool mounting portion 6 of the tool holder 6.
It fits in a tapered hole formed in the axis of d. 9 is a tool mounted on the collet 8.
【００１２】このような構成において、主軸３の溝３ａ
に形成する繊維層４を炭素繊維で形成すると、炭素繊維
の比重（２．０）は、鋼の比重（７．８）の約１／３で
あるから、主軸３に作用する遠心力を軽減できる。ま
た、炭素繊維の縦弾性係数（６×１０4ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2）
は、鋼の縦弾性係数（２．１×１０4ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2）の
約３倍であり、遠心力による主軸３の膨張が炭素繊維層
４により抑制される。In such a configuration, the groove 3a of the spindle 3
When the fiber layer 4 is formed of carbon fibers, the specific gravity (2.0) of the carbon fibers is about 1/3 of the specific gravity (7.8) of steel, so that the centrifugal force acting on the main shaft 3 is reduced. it can. Also, the longitudinal modulus of carbon fiber (6 × 10 4 kgf / mm 2 )
Is about three times the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of steel (2.1 × 10 4 kgf / mm 2 ), and expansion of the main shaft 3 due to centrifugal force is suppressed by the carbon fiber layer 4.
【００１３】図２は、３０番テーパを形成した直径５０
ｍｍの主軸を、５００００ｒｐｍで回転させたときの遠
心力による主軸の半径方向の膨張を有限要素法で解析し
た結果を示すもので、同図において、◆Ａ１は、炭素繊
維層４のない主軸３を回転させたときの主軸外周面の変
位量。◆Ｂ１は、炭素繊維層４のない主軸３を回転させ
たときの主軸内周面の変位量。◆Ａ２は、先端から、８
ｍｍから１５ｍｍの位置に幅７ｍｍ、深さ３ｍｍの溝３
ａを形成し、この溝３ａに炭素繊維層４を形成した主軸
３を回転させたときの主軸外周面の変位量。◆Ｂ２は、
先端から、８ｍｍから１５ｍｍの位置に幅７ｍｍ、深さ
３ｍｍの溝３ａを形成し、この溝３ａに炭素繊維層４を
形成した主軸３を回転させたときの主軸内周面の変位
量。◆Ａ３は、先端から、８ｍｍから１５ｍｍの位置に
幅７ｍｍ、深さ６ｍｍの溝３ａを形成し、この溝３ａに
炭素繊維層４を形成した主軸３を回転させたときの主軸
外周面の変位量。◆Ｂ３は、先端から、８ｍｍから１５
ｍｍの位置に幅７ｍｍ、深さ６ｍｍの溝３ａを形成し、
この溝３ａに炭素繊維層４を形成した主軸３を回転させ
たときの主軸内周面の変位量。◆を示す。同図からも明
らかなように、遠心力による軸３の膨張を炭素繊維層４
で抑制することができる。FIG. 2 shows a taper having a diameter of 50 formed with a No. 30 taper.
mm shows the result of analyzing the radial expansion of the main shaft due to the centrifugal force when the main shaft of 5 mm is rotated at 50,000 rpm by the finite element method. In the figure, ΔA1 represents the main shaft 3 without the carbon fiber layer 4. The amount of displacement of the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft when rotating. B1 is the displacement of the inner peripheral surface of the main shaft when the main shaft 3 without the carbon fiber layer 4 is rotated. ◆ A2 is 8 from the tip
7mm wide, 3mm deep groove 3 at 15mm to 15mm
a and the amount of displacement of the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft when the main shaft 3 having the carbon fiber layer 4 formed in the groove 3a is rotated. ◆ B2 is
The amount of displacement of the inner peripheral surface of the main shaft when a main shaft 3 having a width of 7 mm and a depth of 3 mm formed at a position 8 mm to 15 mm from the tip and having a carbon fiber layer 4 formed in the groove 3 a is rotated. A3 is a groove 3a having a width of 7 mm and a depth of 6 mm formed at a position of 8 mm to 15 mm from the tip, and a displacement of the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft when the main shaft 3 having the carbon fiber layer 4 formed in the groove 3 a is rotated. amount. ◆ B3 is 15mm from 8mm from the tip
at a position of 7 mm, a groove 3 a having a width of 7 mm and a depth of 6 mm is formed,
The amount of displacement of the inner peripheral surface of the main shaft when the main shaft 3 having the carbon fiber layer 4 formed in the groove 3a is rotated. ◆ is shown. As is apparent from the figure, the expansion of the shaft 3 due to the centrifugal force is caused by the carbon fiber layer 4.
Can be suppressed.
【００１４】図３は、本発明の第２の実施例を示すもの
で、同図において、図１と同じものは、同じ符号を付け
て示してある。主軸３は、転がり軸受１０を介して主軸
頭１に支持され、その先端部と、転がり軸受１０の取り
付け部の両側に溝３ａ、３ｂが形成され、これらの溝３
ａ、３ｂに炭素繊維層４、４ａが形成されている。FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The spindle 3 is supported by the spindle head 1 via a rolling bearing 10, and grooves 3 a, 3 b are formed at its tip and on both sides of a mounting portion of the rolling bearing 10.
a, 3b are provided with carbon fiber layers 4, 4a.
【００１５】１１は外輪間座で、転がり軸受１０の外輪
に接するように配置されている。１２は内輪間座で、転
がり軸受１０の内輪に接するように配置されている。１
３はドローバで、主軸３の軸心に摺動可能に配置され、
その一端がコレット５に固定されている。Reference numeral 11 denotes an outer ring spacer, which is disposed so as to be in contact with the outer ring of the rolling bearing 10. Reference numeral 12 denotes an inner ring spacer, which is arranged so as to be in contact with the inner ring of the rolling bearing 10. 1
Reference numeral 3 denotes a drawbar, which is slidably disposed on the axis of the main shaft 3,
One end is fixed to the collet 5.
【００１６】このような構成にすることにより、主軸３
の転がり軸受１０の取り付け部の遠心力による膨張を抑
制し、転がり軸受１０の予圧の上昇を小さくして、焼き
付きなどの危険性を軽減することができる。With such a configuration, the spindle 3
The expansion of the mounting portion of the rolling bearing 10 due to the centrifugal force can be suppressed, the rise in the preload of the rolling bearing 10 can be reduced, and the danger such as seizure can be reduced.
【００１７】上記実施例においては、炭素繊維を用いた
場合について説明したが、炭素繊維以外でも、炭化珪素
繊維（比重３．０、弾性係数４．３×１０4）、ボロン
繊維（比重２．５７、弾性係数４．１×１０4）、アル
ミなナセラミックス繊維（比重３．８、弾性係数３．９
×１０4）等のほか、合成樹脂系の繊維など比重が小さ
く、弾性係数の大きな繊維で繊維層を構成することによ
り同様の効果を得ることができる。In the above embodiment, the case where carbon fibers are used has been described. However, other than carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers (specific gravity: 3.0, elastic coefficient: 4.3 × 10 4 ) and boron fibers (specific gravity: 2.10). 57, elastic coefficient 4.1 × 10 4 ), aluminum ceramics fiber (specific gravity 3.8, elastic coefficient 3.9)
In addition to × 10 4 ), similar effects can be obtained by forming the fiber layer with fibers having a small specific gravity and a large elastic coefficient such as synthetic resin fibers.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上述べた如く、本発明によれば、工具
取り付け側端部の外周面に環状の溝が形成され、この溝
内に比重が小さく、縦弾性係数が大きい繊維を巻き付け
た主軸を設けたので、高速回転時における主軸の膨張を
抑制することができ、主軸の膨張に起因するトラブルを
軽減することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, an annular groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the end on the tool mounting side, and a spindle in which fibers having a small specific gravity and a large longitudinal elastic coefficient are wound. Is provided, expansion of the main shaft during high-speed rotation can be suppressed, and troubles caused by expansion of the main shaft can be reduced.
【００１９】また、工具取り付け側端部および転がり軸
受取り付け位置の両側の外周面にそれぞれ環状の溝が形
成され、これらの溝内に比重が小さく、縦弾性係数が大
きい繊維を巻き付けた主軸を設けたので、高速回転時に
おける主軸の膨張を抑制することができ、主軸の膨張に
起因するトラブルや、転がり軸受のトラブルの危険性を
軽減することができる。In addition, annular grooves are formed in the outer peripheral surface on both sides of the tool mounting side end and the rolling bearing mounting position, and a main shaft wound with fibers having a small specific gravity and a large longitudinal elastic coefficient is provided in these grooves. Therefore, expansion of the main shaft at the time of high-speed rotation can be suppressed, and the risk of troubles caused by expansion of the main shaft and troubles of the rolling bearings can be reduced.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施例を示す工作機械の主軸装
置の正面断面図。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a spindle device of a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】高速回転時の遠心力による主軸の膨張状態を示
す特性図。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing an expansion state of a main shaft caused by centrifugal force during high-speed rotation.
【図３】本発明の第２の実施例を示す工作機械の主軸装
置の正面断面図。FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a spindle device of a machine tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
３ 主軸 ３ａ、３ｂ 溝 ４、４ａ 繊維層 3 Main shaft 3a, 3b Groove 4, 4a Fiber layer
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B23B 19/02 B23Q 5/04 B24B 41/04 Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B23B 19/02 B23Q 5/04 B24B 41/04
Claims (2)
形成され、この溝内に比重が小さく、縦弾性係数が大き
い繊維を巻き付け、繊維層を形成した主軸を設けたこと
を特徴とする工作機械の主軸装置。An annular groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface of an end portion on a tool mounting side, and a fiber having a small specific gravity and a large longitudinal elastic modulus is wound in the groove, and a main shaft having a fiber layer is provided. Machine tool spindle device.
付け位置の両側の外周面にそれぞれ環状の溝が形成さ
れ、これらの溝内に比重が小さく、縦弾性係数が大きい
繊維を巻き付け、繊維層を形成した主軸を設けたことを
特徴とする工作機械の主軸装置。2. An annular groove is formed on each of the tool mounting end and the outer peripheral surface on both sides of the rolling bearing mounting position, and a fiber having a small specific gravity and a large longitudinal elastic modulus is wound around these grooves to form a fiber layer. A spindle device for a machine tool, comprising a formed spindle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01635893A JP3262395B2 (en) | 1993-02-03 | 1993-02-03 | Spindle device of machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01635893A JP3262395B2 (en) | 1993-02-03 | 1993-02-03 | Spindle device of machine tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06226506A JPH06226506A (en) | 1994-08-16 |
| JP3262395B2 true JP3262395B2 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
Family
ID=11914127
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01635893A Expired - Fee Related JP3262395B2 (en) | 1993-02-03 | 1993-02-03 | Spindle device of machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3262395B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013100099A1 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | 日本精工株式会社 | Spindle device |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4714878B2 (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2011-06-29 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | Machine Tools |
| JP5712839B2 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2015-05-07 | 日本精工株式会社 | Motor built-in spindle device |
| JP5712838B2 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2015-05-07 | 日本精工株式会社 | Spindle device |
| JP5712840B2 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2015-05-07 | 日本精工株式会社 | Motor built-in spindle device |
| JP5811657B2 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2015-11-11 | 日本精工株式会社 | Motor built-in spindle device |
| JP5742534B2 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2015-07-01 | 日本精工株式会社 | Spindle device |
| EP3100805B1 (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2018-09-26 | NSK Ltd. | Spindle device |
| JP2014014883A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-30 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Spindle device, machine tool including the same, and tool holder |
| JP2014046411A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-17 | Nsk Ltd | Spindle device, and flinger for spindle device |
| JP5936228B2 (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2016-06-22 | 日本精工株式会社 | Spindle device and flinger for spindle device |
| JP5943116B2 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-06-29 | 日本精工株式会社 | Motor built-in spindle device |
-
1993
- 1993-02-03 JP JP01635893A patent/JP3262395B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013100099A1 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | 日本精工株式会社 | Spindle device |
| EP3388173A1 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2018-10-17 | NSK Ltd. | Spindle apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06226506A (en) | 1994-08-16 |
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