JP3261432B2 - Joining apparatus and joining method including pretreatment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joining apparatus and a joining method including a pre-treatment, and a pre-treatment of a joining surface of a member to be joined, that is, a flattening process and joining are performed in the same step. The present invention relates to a joining apparatus and a joining method including a pretreatment that can be performed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A friction welding method utilizing frictional heat generated by rotation of a friction welding tool is well known as described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2712838. In this friction joining method, as shown in FIG. 2, a pin 2 having a smaller diameter is provided at a tip end of a tool main body 1, and a shoulder 3 around a mounting portion of the pin 2 on the tip end surface of the tool main body 1 is provided. Is used. Then, the pin 2 is inserted into the joint of the pair of members P, P made of aluminum alloy or the like while rotating, and the shoulder 3 is brought into contact with the surfaces of the members P, P while the shoulder 3 is in contact with the surface of the joint. The welding tool T is relatively moved. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the friction welding tool T has a state in which the tip end side is inclined by a predetermined angle α forward in the welding progress direction with respect to the axis perpendicular to the surface of the member P to be welded. And the shoulder 3 needs to be in contact with the surface of the joint portion on the rear side in the joining progress direction. Then, frictional heat is generated by the rotation of the friction welding tool T. The frictional heat reduces the deformation resistance in the welded portion and the vicinity thereof, generates plastic flow, and changes the base material structure of the members to be welded P, P. Stirring is carried out, and after cooling, bonding is performed by integrating the base material structure.

[0003]

In the above-described friction welding method, one of the factors that determines the quality of the welding quality is the accuracy (flatness) of the surface to be welded of the member to be welded P.
The precision or flatness referred to herein means that the gap between the surfaces to be joined of the pair of members to be joined P is controlled from zero to about 1 mm or less at most. A hollow defect may occur inside the joint after joining. It is said that it is difficult to eliminate such a hollow defect even if a member-restricting jig or the like that presses the end surfaces of the members to be joined together at the time of joining is used. For this reason, in order to obtain a joint having sufficient joining quality in the above friction joining method,
It is necessary to use a member to be joined P having a surface to be joined with high flatness.

Heretofore, as a butt joint in the friction joining method, for example, a member to be joined P having a surface to be joined which is extruded into an I-shape is often used. When a long member is used, it is particularly difficult to ensure the accuracy of the surfaces to be joined (the gap between the surfaces to be joined is about 1 mm or less at most from zero). Actually, as shown in FIG. 4, excessive chamfering (see FIG. 4 (a)) and shoulder dripping (see FIG. 4 (b)) occur at the corner of the surface to be bonded of the member to be bonded P. In addition, an uneven gap is generated in the thickness direction due to poor flatness of the joined surface itself (there are irregularities, scratches, etc.) (FIG. 4).
(See FIG. 4 (c)), or a problem that the flatness and the linearity are both out of the above-mentioned criteria, such as those having poor perpendicularity between the surface of the member P to be joined and the surface to be joined (see FIG. 4D). Has occurred.

Therefore, it is conceivable to improve the accuracy of the surface to be joined by using machining or the like in each manufacturing process of the member to be joined P. The requirement leads to an increase in the price of the parts and, as a result, an increase in the production cost of the product.

[0006] Even if the precision of the surface to be joined is increased by performing separate pre-processing using machining or the like in each manufacturing process of the member to be joined P, the storage or storage of the member to be joined P is not possible. There remain problems such as the possibility of being inadvertently contacted with other members during transportation and causing damage, and the possibility of foreign matter adhering to the surface to be joined before the joining process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to perform pre-treatment and bonding of a surface to be joined of a member to be joined in the same step to thereby achieve a joint surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a joining apparatus and a joining method including a pretreatment capable of improving the precision of the joint, obtaining a joint having stable joining quality, and producing the product at low cost.

[0008]

Therefore, a welding apparatus including the pretreatment according to claim 1 flattens a surface to be welded on a member to be welded at a position on a front side in a welding advancing direction of a rotationally driven friction welding tool. Flattening means for processing, and flattening
When narrowing the gap between the two surfaces to be joined caused by processing
Both are characterized in that there is provided a pressing means for bringing both surfaces to be brought into close contact with each other before reaching the position of the friction welding tool.

A bonding method including a pretreatment according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
At the position on the front side in the welding progress direction of the rotationally driven friction welding tool, the surfaces to be welded of the members to be welded are flattened, and then the two welds produced by the flattening process
It is characterized in that the gap between the surfaces is narrowed, and the surfaces to be joined are brought into close contact with each other before reaching the position of the friction welding tool.

In the above-mentioned joining, a frictional joining tool is constituted by providing a pin having a smaller diameter at the tip of the tool body and providing a shoulder around the pin mounting portion on the tip face of the tool body. The pin is rotated while being inserted into the joint of the member to be joined, and the member to be joined and the friction welding tool are relatively moved while the shoulder is in contact with the surface of the joint. This means that welding is performed by reducing the deformation resistance of the above-mentioned joint and its vicinity by frictional heat, and generating plastic flow.

According to the joining apparatus including the pre-processing of the first aspect and the joining method including the pre-processing of the fourth aspect, the flattening means and the pressing provided at the position on the front side in the welding progress direction of the friction welding tool. by means, as well as flat machined joining surface of both the bonded members facing each, the friction bonding
After the surfaces to be welded are brought into close contact with each other until the tool reaches the position of the tool, welding using the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the friction welding tool can be performed with the same apparatus (same process). As a result, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the surface to be joined of the member to be joined, to obtain a joint having a stable joining quality, and in the process of manufacturing the member to be joined, a separate process for increasing the accuracy of the surface to be joined is required. Since there is no need for processing, production of the product can be performed at low cost.

In the bonding method and the apparatus including the pretreatment according to the second aspect, the flattening means is a grinding or cutting means using a rotary grindstone, a saw blade or the like.

[0013] In a third aspect of the present invention, the flattening means is a plastic working means using a rolling roller or the like.

According to the joining method and the apparatus including the pretreatment of the second and third aspects, the flattening means includes cutting and grinding means such as a rotary grindstone and a saw blade, and plasticizing means such as a rolling roller. By using the processing means, a flattening process can be selected according to the material and shape of the member to be joined, the joint structure, and the like.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, specific embodiments of a joining apparatus and a joining method including a pretreatment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bonding apparatus including a pretreatment. In the figure, T is the friction welding tool as described above,
P and P are a pair of members to be bonded,
4 are arranged so that they face each other so that they face each other, and the longitudinal direction thereof coincides with the welding progress direction. A disk-shaped rotary grindstone 5a, which is a flattening means 5, is provided on the front side of the friction welding tool T in the welding progress direction. The rotating grindstone 5a is disposed between the pair of members to be joined P, P, and is connected to the rotating grindstone 5a.
Thereby, both opposing joined surfaces 4, 4 are processed flat. Further, three pairs of rollers (a total of six rollers) are provided on both left and right sides in the welding progress direction so as to sandwich the members P to be joined. Among these rollers, a pair of left and right (total of 2)
During the flattening process, the pressing rollers 7, 7 are attached to the rotating grindstone 5 a by the joining surfaces 4, 4 on both sides thereof.
Are provided so as to adhere to each other.
Is configured to be pressed in a vertical direction toward. In addition to the above, that is, two pairs (four in total) provided on the left and right sides of the members to be welded P at a position from the position after the processing to the position of the friction welding tool T until the position reaches the friction welding tool T.
The pressing rollers 6 and 6 (pressing means) of the surfaces 4 and 4 correspond to the width of the rotary grindstone 5a generated by the above processing.
The gap between them is gradually narrowed so that the surfaces to be joined 4 and 4 are brought into close contact with each other immediately before joining. In the case of this embodiment, the friction welding tool T, the rotary grindstone 5a, the processing press rollers 7, 7 and the pressing rollers 6, 6 are installed in the main body of the welding apparatus, the apparatus is fixed, and the workpieces P, P Are configured to move and travel with the joining.

Next, the operation state of the joining apparatus and the joining method including the above pretreatment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of members to be joined P, which move and travel, are first ground simultaneously on both joined surfaces 4, 4 by a disk-shaped rotary grindstone 5a, and are flattened into an I shape ( FIG. 4E). At this time, the surfaces to be joined 4 and 4 being processed are the rotating grindstones 5a.
Are pressed in a direction perpendicular to the surfaces to be joined 4, 4 by the pair of processing press rollers 7, 7, and are always in close contact with each other. The gaps between the surfaces to be joined 4 and 4 corresponding to the width of the rotary grindstone 5a generated by the above-described processing are then pressed by the pressing rollers 6 and 6 in the same manner as above to form the joined members P and P
By being pressed from both left and right sides of the device, they are brought into close contact with each other just before joining (see FIG. 4 (f)). After that, the pin 2 of the friction welding tool T is inserted into the joined portion of the joined members P, P while rotating, and the shoulder 3 of the friction welding tool T is brought into contact with the surface of the joined portion. By moving the members to be welded P, welding is performed using frictional heat generated by rotation of the friction welding tool T.

As described above, even if the linearity or flatness of the surface 4 to be joined of the member P to be joined is poor, the flattening process using the rotary grindstone 5a can be performed by the same apparatus immediately before joining. The members to be joined P, P are in close contact with each other with high accuracy,
A joint having stable joining quality can be obtained. Further, in the manufacturing process of the member to be joined P, since separate pre-processing for improving the accuracy of the surface to be joined 4 is not required, it is possible to manufacture the product at low cost. If the rotating grindstone 5a having a smaller width is used, the gap formed between the surfaces 4 to be formed after processing is also narrowed, so that the distance to be brought into close contact with the pressing rollers 6, 6 can be reduced, and the size of the entire apparatus can be reduced. Can be achieved.

Although the embodiments of the joining apparatus and method including the pretreatment of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented with various modifications.

That is, in the above embodiment, the disc-shaped rotary grindstone 5a is used as the grinding / cutting means which is the flattening means 5 for flattening the surface 4 to be joined of the member P to be joined. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, a rotary saw blade 5b provided with a saw blade in the circumferential direction of the disk (see FIG. 5 (a)), or the saw blade is configured to travel in a fixed direction. An infinite band saw 5c (see FIG. 5B), a reciprocating linear saw blade 5d (see FIG. 5C) for cutting by reciprocating the saw blade up and down, and the like can be used. In addition, these grinding /
Considering that the gaps between the surfaces to be joined 4, 4 corresponding to the width of the cutting means are brought into close contact with the pressing rollers 6, 6 after the processing, it is better to use the grinding and cutting means having a smaller width. preferable.

Further, instead of the grinding / cutting means for performing the grinding or cutting described above, the joined surface 4 of the member P to be joined is flattened by plastic working means using rolling rollers 5e or the like. Processing is also possible. FIG. 5D is a schematic diagram when the surface 4 to be joined of one of the members P to be joined is plastically worked by using the rolling roller 5e. here,
Since the width (corresponding to the diameter of a circle) of the rolling roller 5e is larger than the width of the grinding / cutting means described above, the rolling roller 5e is provided between the surfaces to be joined 4 as in the above embodiment. When 5e is provided, the gap between the surfaces to be joined 4, 4 generated after processing is also widened. As a result, in order for the gap to be narrowed by the pressing from both the right and left sides using the pressing rollers 6 after the processing, and to be brought into close contact with immediately before the welding, it is necessary from the position after the processing to the friction welding tool T. The distance becomes longer than in the case where the above-mentioned grinding / cutting means is used, and there is a possibility that the entire apparatus becomes large. Therefore, when the relatively wide flattening means 5 is used, a pair of right and left members to be joined P, P are respectively shifted in the vertical direction in advance, and the respective joining surfaces 4, 4 are respectively shifted.
For example, it is also possible to separately perform plastic working on each side using two rolling rollers 5e. And then, the both surfaces 4 to be joined,
4 are brought into close contact with each other for bonding.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the pressing rollers 6.6 are used as the pressing means has been described, but instead of the pressing rollers 6.6, the right and left sides of the members P to be joined in the welding progress direction of the members P, P are provided. By providing a pair of left and right tapered guides as the pressing means 6, the surfaces to be joined 4, 4
May be brought into close contact with each other.

In the above description, a case has been described in which the surfaces 4 and 4 are flattened into an I-shape. For example, the shape and the mounting direction of the flattening means 5 may be changed, or the flattening means 5 may be provided with a rolling roller. As described in connection with the case where 5e is used, by changing the arrangement of the members to be joined P, P, T
The present invention can also be applied to a shape joint and a lap joint (see FIGS. 6A and 6B). In this case, the joint surface 4 of the joint,
Reference numeral 4 denotes a surface between I and I in FIG. 6, and the surfaces to be bonded 4, 4 are flattened immediately before bonding as shown in the above embodiment, and then brought into close contact with each other, and friction bonding is performed by the same device. Is performed.

Further, in the case of the above embodiment, the apparatus is fixed, and the pair of members P, P move so as to move along with the joining. On the contrary, the members P, P are fixed. Then, it is also possible to move and join the friction joining tool T and the flattening means 5 while maintaining the relative positions of the flattening means 5, the pressing rollers 7, 7 and the pressing rollers 6, 6.

[0025]

As described above, according to the joining apparatus including the pretreatment of claim 1 and the joining method including the pretreatment of claim 4,
By means pressing the flattening means provided on the front side of the position welding direction of the friction welding tool, as well as flat machined surface to be bonded on both of the pair of members to be joined, the friction
Close the surfaces to be welded until they reach the position of the friction welding tool.
After allowed to wear, it can be bonded utilizing frictional heat generated by rotation of the friction welding tool of the same device (the same process). As a result, the accuracy of the surface to be joined of the member to be joined is improved, and a joint having stable joining quality is obtained. In the process of manufacturing the member to be joined, additional pre-processing for increasing the accuracy of the surface to be joined is performed. Since it is not required, the production of the product can be performed at low cost.

According to the joining apparatus and method including the pretreatment of the second and third aspects, the flattening means includes cutting / grinding means such as a rotary grindstone or a saw blade, and rolling rollers or the like. By using the plastic working means, it is possible to select a flattening work according to the material and shape of the members to be joined, the joint structure, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a bonding apparatus including a pretreatment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a friction joining method.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a friction joining method.

FIGS. 4A to 4D are cross-sectional views of a surface to be joined of the member to be joined as viewed from a plate thickness direction, wherein FIGS. 4A to 4D are sectional views of the member to be joined before flattening; FIGS. It is sectional drawing of the to-be-joined member after processing.

FIGS. 5A to 5C are perspective views showing the flattening means of the embodiment and the periphery thereof, wherein FIGS.
(D) shows plastic working means.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic diagrams showing a main joint structure in the friction joining method of the embodiment, wherein FIG. 6A shows a T-shaped joint and FIG. 6B shows a lap joint.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tool main body 2 Pin 3 Shoulder 4 Joining surface 5 Flattening means 5a Rotating grindstone 5b Rotary saw blade 5c Infinite band saw 5d Reciprocating linear saw blade 6 Pressing roller 7 Pressing roller during processing T Friction joining tool P Member to be joined

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI B24B 7/12 B24B 7/12 (56) References JP-A-10-175089 (JP, A) JP-A-10-193139 (JP) , A) JP-A-3-13269 (JP, A) JP-A-11-10368 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23K 20/12

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A flattening means for flattening a surface to be welded of a member to be welded at a position in front of a rotationally driven friction welding tool in a welding traveling direction, and the flattening process.
Narrowing the gap between the two surfaces
And a pressing means for bringing both surfaces to be brought into close contact with each other before reaching the position of the friction welding tool. 2. The bonding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flattening unit is a grinding or cutting unit using a rotary grindstone, a saw blade, or the like. 3. The joining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said flattening means is a plastic working means using a rolling roller or the like. 4. A surface to be welded of a member to be welded is flattened at a position on the front side of the rotationally driven friction welding tool in the welding progress direction, and then the flattening process is performed.
A joining method including a pretreatment, wherein the gap between the two joined surfaces is narrowed and the two joined surfaces are brought into close contact with each other until the position of the friction joining tool is reached.