JP3259800B2 - Feed for aquaculture - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feed for aquaculture. More specifically, the present invention relates to a feed for cultured flounder, which can promote the growth of larvae of larvae and increase the survival rate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, technical development of marine fish seed and seedling production has enabled large-scale cultivation of red sea bream, black porgy, flounder and the like. However, the scale of their production differs greatly from salmon and trout, and their scale is less than one-hundredth compared to salmon and trout.

The large difference between the two is largely due to the difference in the history of the production of seedlings for aquaculture, but from the viewpoint of aquaculture technology, it is largely due to the difference in the supply of the initial feed. That is, salmon,
Red trout, whereas the initial feed for trout is a compound feed
In the case of black porgy, flounder, etc., it is considered that the difference occurs where biological feed is indispensable as the initial feed.

A large amount of equipment, maintenance costs,
Effort is required, which limits the production of juveniles and larvae. As a countermeasure, research and development of fine particle feeds instead of biological feeds are being promoted.

[0005] In addition to controlling the size, specific gravity, and sedimentation rate, preventing the elution of nutrients, etc., the fine particle feed should have sufficient nutrients as essential requirements, after feeding, digestion after feeding. It is required that nutrients are digested and absorbed in the tubes.

Studies on the nutritional effect of fine particle feed indicate that digestion and absorption of carbohydrate lipids are performed in the same manner as adult fish, whereas digestion and absorption of protein is completely different from that of adult fish. ing. A water-soluble protein is required as a protein suitable for the protein digestion and absorption capacity of larvae, and the addition of digestive enzymes to feed has been attempted to artificially supplement the digestion and absorption capacity.

[0007] As described above, it is particularly difficult to cultivate inoculated fish among fish, and contrivances have been made on feeds thereof. However, protein is the mainstream, and no feed utilizing the plant peptide of the present invention is known.

On the other hand, as a feed for fish, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-2
No. 7,784, an attempt is made to incorporate oligopeptides or polypeptides, which are degradation products of connective tissues of animals, into fish foods as food attractants. This is an improvement over fish, as described in the publication, in that fish have a strong preference for feed and do not take ingestion behavior with vegetable proteins.

[0009] The present invention relates to a culture breeding halo that can be used as a vegetable protein source by itself, without the use of a feed attractant, to promote the growth of the larvae and to increase the survival rate. It differs from the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-27784 in terms of purpose, constitution and effect in that it is a feed.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have developed a feed for cultivation of Japanese radish, which has been considered difficult to cultivate, and more specifically, a cultured feed which promotes the growth of larvae and larvae of larvae and can increase the survival rate. It was intended for feed.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies in order to achieve such an object, and as a result, have found a result of Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-27.
No. 784 describes a vegetable protein which is described as not causing a feeding behavior, and a plant protein hydrolyzate obtained by hydrolyzing it to a specific molecular weight not only has an excellent feeding effect, but also has a purpose. The present invention has been completed by obtaining the knowledge that can promote the growth and increase the survival rate of the larvae of the larvae.

That is, the present invention is a feed for aquaculture inoculation, wherein 1 to 30 parts by weight of a plant protein hydrolyzate is contained in 100 parts by weight of the feed.

The plant protein hydrolyzate of the present invention has an average molecular weight of 200 to 10,000 (preferably 300 to 5,
000) is suitable. If the molecular weight is large, the effect of promoting the growth and survival of the larvae of the larvae is inferior. If the molecular weight is reduced to amino acids, the osmotic pressure of the feed increases, and the feed is easily dissolved, and thus it is not suitable as a feed.

An example of a method for producing such a plant protein hydrolyzate will be described. That is, the plant protein hydrolyzate used in the present invention can be obtained by hydrolyzing a vegetable protein using an enzyme.

At this time. The vegetable protein used as a raw material may be an oil seed protein such as soybean, rapeseed or peanut, but soybean protein which is relatively easily available and has a high protein content is suitable.

As the enzyme used for the hydrolysis, a protein-degrading enzyme that can be used in foods is suitable from the viewpoint of food safety, and examples thereof include proteins produced by microorganisms such as Aspergillus and Rhizopus. Decomposing enzymes and the like can be used.

The hydrolysis with an enzyme is carried out by a conventional method.
Its decomposition rate is 15% TCA (trichloroacetic acid) solubility 7
Those having 0% or more (preferably 90% or more) are suitable. The hydrolyzate of the plant protein thus decomposed can be used as it is, but if necessary, the insoluble fraction can be removed and used.

The average molecular weight of the plant protein hydrolyzate thus obtained is, as described above, 200 to 10,000.
00 (preferably 300 to 5,000) is suitable.

The feed of the present invention suitably contains 40 to 70% by weight, preferably about 50 to 60% by weight of a protein component as a composition.

The feed of the present invention suitably contains the above-mentioned plant protein hydrolyzate in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 3 to 25% by weight. Usually, 3% by weight or more, preferably 10 to 80% by weight of the protein component in the feed of the present invention.
It is suitable that the weight% is replaced with the above-mentioned vegetable protein hydrolyzate. When the replacement ratio increases, it becomes difficult to granulate the feed.

If the amount of the above-mentioned plant protein hydrolyzate in the feed of the present invention is low, the effect of increasing the growth rate and survival rate of the larvae of young larvae is small. This is common to fish such as red sea bream and inoculated fish, for which production of cultured seeds is difficult, and is different from the cultivation of other fish.

As protein components other than the plant protein hydrolyzate, krill, fish meal, processed egg, processed milk, gelatin, fish meal, seafood extract, yeast extract, fish egg extract may be used in combination. Can be.

The feed of the present invention includes, in addition to the above-mentioned vegetable protein hydrolyzate and other proteins, feed-based phospholipids such as carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and soybean lecithin. Can be contained.

The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid is an essential fatty acid for seawater fish such as the rainbow trout, and the feed phospholipid such as soybean lecithin is a component necessary for the cultivation of larvae and is included in the feed of the present invention. I can do it.

The form of the feed of the present invention has a particle size, floatability and sedimentation rate which are easy to ingest for the inflammation, and the micronutrients are microencapsulated so that nutrients are not eluted in water and digested and absorbed in the digestive tract. It can be.

[0026] The feed of the present invention can be fed together with a biological feed or in an appropriate amount alone at intervals of 30 minutes to 1 hour at the stage of the larvae and larvae depending on the age of the larvae.

[0027]

The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to examples.

Example 1 Isolated soybean protein (“Fujipro-R” manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.) 1
00 parts by weight (hereinafter referred to as “parts”) as a 5% aqueous solution of pH 7,
After enzymatic degradation at 50 ° C. for 5 hours using 1 part of Protin FN (manufactured by Daiwa Kasei Co., Ltd .: origin of Aspergillus),
The mixture was heated at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes to inactivate the enzyme. After cooling, the supernatant obtained by centrifugation was spray-dried to produce a soybean protein hydrolyzate. Incidentally, the average molecular weight was 676.

Next, five 38-day-old larvae and larvae were transferred from the preliminary breeding aquarium to a 300-L 100-L experimental aquarium to prepare an experimental aquarium. The temperature of the seawater during the experiment was 17
It was kept at ゜ C.

As a test feed, the soybean protein hydrolyzate was added to the inoculated culture feed shown in Table 1 at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.
0 and 20.0 parts by weight were replaced with casein as shown in Table 1 and added to obtain a fine particle feed by a conventional method. Table 1 shows the experimental feed composition. The unit is parts by weight. Group 5 is a control.

[0031]

[Table 1] ---------------------------------------------- --------------- Ingredients 1 group 2 group 3 group 4 group 5 group ------------------------ ------------------------------------- White fish meal 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 casein 11.3 20.6 25.3 27.7 30.0 Soy protein hydrolyzate 20.0 10.0 5.0 2.5 0 Dextrin 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 Vitamin mixture 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 Mineral mixture 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Pork cod liver oil 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Soy lecithin 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Cellulose 0.9 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.2 Zein 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 ---------------------------- --------------------------------- Total 100 100 100 100 100 ----------- --------------------------------------------------

The experiment was started at the age of 39 days. Feeding was carried out eight times from 9:00 am to 16:00 every hour, and at 17:00 Artemia was given as a biological feed and fed nine times a day. The amount of feed is from 0.31 g to 0.50 g / aqua feed as the age increases.
The number of times / fish and artemia was 55 to 80 / time / fish.

Table 2 shows the results of measurement of the body length, the number of surviving tails, and the pigment abnormality rate of about 50 larvae at the age of 52 days, 14 days after the start of the experiment.

[0034]

[Table 2] 52 days of age measurement results ----------------------------------------- ------------ Group N Average length (mm) Standard deviation Survival number -------------------------- --------------------------- 1 52 17.91 1.877 194 2 49 18.18 2.112 215 3 49 17.43 1.888 200 4 54 17.31 1.722 195 5 53 17.01 1.833 194 ------------------------------------------------ -----

As a result, compared to the five control groups, 1 was obtained.
Growth was promoted in all of the groups No. 1 to No. 4, and a significant difference was recognized particularly in the groups Nos. 1 and 2. Survival number is 1 compared to 5 groups
A good tendency was observed in groups 4 to 4. The pigment abnormality rate did not differ between the groups, and no abnormality was observed in the group to which the soybean protein hydrolyzate was given.

[0036]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION By feeding the invented feed for the present invention, it is possible to promote the growth of the Japanese larvae and the survival rate of the larvae, and to improve the productivity and the feed efficiency of the aquaculture. The benefits and benefits for the incubator will increase and contribute to the development of the industry.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] The present invention relates to a fry larva which contains 1 to 30 parts by weight of a plant protein hydrolyzate in 100 parts by weight of a feed.
Feed for fish farming . 2. A plant protein hydrolyzate having an average molecular weight of 200
2. A plant protein hydrolyzate of up to 10,000.
Noirame fry and larvae feed.