JP3249064B2 - Specific gravity separator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a specific gravity separation apparatus capable of effectively separating a material to be separated in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed, for example, industrial waste and the like into a light-weight material and a heavy-weight material. .

[0002]

2. Related Art Conventionally, substances having different specific gravities, such as copper wires, glass pieces, plastic pieces, carbon pieces, etc., are mixed in waste IC boards, household electrical appliances, motors, and various electrical wirings. For these waste products, it is necessary to separate the copper wire to be reused from other contaminants to be discarded.

On the other hand, as a device for separating a material to be separated in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed into a light material and a heavy material by utilizing a difference in specific gravity, a specific gravity separation device (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No.
No. 1192) is known. The basic configuration of this specific gravity separator is such that a mesh-like diaphragm is provided at an angle, air is blown up from below the mesh-like diaphragm to the diaphragm surface, and a material to be separated is thrown into the mesh-like diaphragm surface, and the specific gravity is large. The heavy object is moved toward the upper end and discharged from the heavy object outlet, and the lightweight object having a small specific gravity is separated and moved toward the lower end and discharged from the light object outlet. This specific gravity separator is suitably used for the purpose of removing lightweight foreign matter from cereals and the like. Since it is sufficient to use a coarse mesh as a mesh diaphragm used in this type of specific gravity separator, the structure of the mesh diaphragm itself can be firmly formed.

However, since the copper wire contained in the above-mentioned various kinds of waste products and to be collected is a very thin linear body, even if the above-described conventional coarse mesh net-like diaphragm is used, a thin linear wire such as a copper wire is used. The body falls off the mesh and cannot be separated.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems. , Carbon pieces, etc.) and a specific gravity separation device capable of effectively separating finely shaped objects (copper wires, etc.) from other foreign substances by utilizing the difference in specific gravity from various industrial wastes including carbon fragments. Aim.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first aspect of the specific gravity separation device of the present invention is to provide a net-shaped vibrating body on a base frame installed on a base with an inclination. Air is blown up from the fan device installed below the reticulated vibrator to the surface of the reticulated vibrator, and a material to be separated in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed on the reticulated vibrator surface , and the material having a higher specific gravity is directed toward the upper end, In a specific gravity separation device configured to separate and move a light substance having a small specific gravity in a lower direction, the reticulated vibrator is formed by a soft reticulate material having a fine mesh ,
Guide plate installed to form multiple guide paths
The internal member is provided at the center of the upper surface of the reticulated vibrator .

According to a second aspect of the specific gravity separator of the present invention, a net-like vibrator is provided on a base frame installed on a base at an angle, and air is blown from a fan device installed below the net-like vibrator. Blow up to the reticulated vibrating body surface, charge the material to be separated mixed with substances having different specific gravities on the reticulated vibrating body surface , and separate and move the large specific gravity material toward the upper end and the small specific gravity light material toward the lower end. In the specific gravity separation device, the reticulated vibrator is formed by a side saw-toothed perforated sheet,
Installed so that multiple guide plates form multiple guide paths
The provided guide member is provided at the center of the upper surface of the porous sheet .

The base frame is rotatably mounted on the base via a support shaft and can be fixed at a predetermined rotation angle, so that the inclination angle of the mesh vibrator can be set to be changeable. For example, the separation process can be performed by setting an optimum inclination angle according to the material to be separated.

The upper end of the reticulated vibrator is located above the upper end of the reticulated vibrator.
Separation formed by installing a wind direction guide plate covering the part
The upper end of the plurality of guide plates is inserted or brought into contact with the opening at the lower end of the chamber, and a plurality of air circulation openings are formed by the separation chamber openings divided by the plurality of guide plates, It is preferable that the separation accuracy can be adjusted by changing the degree of opening of the air flow opening and changing the air flow rate.

Specifically, a purity adjusting plate is vertically movably attached to each of the air flow openings, and the degree of opening of the air flow opening is changed by moving the purity adjustment plate up and down. do it.

A mesh having a coarser mesh and a stronger stiffness than that of the soft mesh is installed on the lower surface of the soft mesh to rectify the airflow blown up from below and reinforce the soft mesh. By doing so, it is possible to effectively cope with a case where the mesh of the soft network is extremely fine.

The hole diameter and the hole density of the side sawtooth-shaped porous sheet are appropriately set depending on the material to be separated. For example,
When the pore size is extremely small and the pore density is large, the porous sheet becomes soft. For such a soft porous sheet, if the above-mentioned mesh body having a coarse mesh and strong stiffness is installed on the lower surface of the porous sheet, there is an advantage that air flow is rectified and the porous sheet is similarly reinforced. .

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a specific gravity separator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing a net vibrating body portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic top view showing an attached state of the reticulated vibrator and the guide member.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a purity adjusting plate, FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged top view showing an example of a side sawtooth-shaped porous sheet, and FIG.
8 and FIG. 8 are partial sectional views showing another example of the side sawtooth-shaped porous sheet.

In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a specific gravity separator according to the present invention. The specific gravity separator 2 is provided on a base frame 4 rotatably fixed on a base 3. Reference numeral 6 denotes a fan device installed on the base frame 4 and has a function of sending air to a lower surface of a mesh vibrator 8 provided above the fan device 6. The reticulated vibrator 8 is provided to be appropriately inclined as shown in the figure. This inclination angle is appropriately set according to the article to be processed.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a motor for driving the fan device 6.

A frame 12 is provided upright on both sides and an upper end of the vibrating body 8. The reticulated vibrator 8 and the frame 12
Thereby, a specific gravity separation case 14 is formed. An upper end support column 16 and a lower end support column 18 are erected on the upper end and the lower end of the upper surface of the frame 4, respectively. The frame 12
The upper end of the side surface is supported by the upper support column 1 by the upper arm 20.
6. The lower end of the side surface of the frame 12 is suspended by the lower end support column 18 by a lower arm 22.

An eccentric crank 24 is driven by a motor 26. The distal end of the eccentric crank 24 is connected to the lower surface of the upper end of the specific gravity separation case 14. Therefore, due to the eccentric movement of the eccentric crank 24, the specific gravity separating case 14 and the mesh vibrating body 8 can vibrate in the upper and lower directions as indicated by arrows in FIG.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a supply device for introducing a material to be separated onto the upper surface of the mesh vibrator 8. As the supply device 28, it is preferable to use a constant-rate supply device capable of supplying and feeding the material to be separated at a constant rate.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a discharge chute formed at the upper end of the vibrating body 8 for discharging heavy objects having a large specific gravity. Reference numeral 32 denotes a discharge port for a light-weight object having a small specific gravity formed at the lower end of the net-shaped vibrator 8.

The base frame 4 is fixed to the base 3 so as to be rotatable about a support shaft 34. Reference numeral 36 denotes an angle adjusting mechanism for rotating the base frame 4 with the handle 38 to adjust the inclination angle thereof. Reference numeral 40 denotes an angle fixing plate for fixing the base frame 4 so as to fix the inclination angle when the inclination angle of the base frame 4 is set. In FIG. 1,
Reference numeral 42 denotes an outlet for dust and the like communicating with the fan device 6.

Reference numeral 44 denotes a guide member provided at the center of the upper surface of the mesh vibrator 8. The guide member 44 has a plurality (five in the illustrated example) of guide plates 44 a to 44 e, and a plurality of (four in the illustrated example) guide paths 46 a to 46 d are formed on the upper surface of the mesh vibrator 8. Form. 48, 48 are the guide plates 4
It is a joining plate for joining the upper surfaces of 4a to 44e. Reference numeral 50 denotes a discharge port communicating with the discharge chute 30.

Reference numeral 52 denotes a separation chamber provided on the upper surface of the upper end portion of the mesh vibrator 8. The separation chamber 52 is formed by a wind direction guide plate 54 installed above the upper end portion of the reticulated vibrator 8 and the frame 12.
Has an opening 55 at its lower end.

The guide plate 44a is provided in the separation chamber opening 55.
44e are inserted or abutted. Guide plate 4
The plurality of (four in the illustrated example) air circulation openings 5 are formed by the separation chamber openings 54 divided by 4a to 44e.
6a to 56d are formed.

Purity adjusting plates 58a to 58d are attached to the air flow openings 56a to 56d so as to be vertically movable. By moving the purity adjusting plates 58a to 58d up and down, the degree of opening of the air flow openings 56a to 56d is changed, and the air flow rate is changed, so that the separation accuracy can be adjusted.

The angle adjusting plates 58a to 58d include:
Each of the long holes H is formed in the vertical direction.
Can be fixed at a predetermined position by tightening the fastener B inserted therein, and the degree of opening of the air circulation openings 56a to 56d can be freely changed (FIG. 5).

The reticulated vibrator 8 may be used for recovering copper wire from waste IC boards, household waste, motor waste, waste of various electric wirings, etc. when industrial waste is used as the material to be separated. Requires the use of an extremely fine mesh (for example, about 80 mesh). In the case of such a fine net, the net itself becomes thin and the net vibrator 8 becomes soft.

Since the soft reticulated vibrator 8 is soft and therefore deforms upward when wind is blown up from below, the above-described guide member 44 is installed on the upper surface of the soft reticulated vibrator 8. This prevents upward deformation of the soft reticulated vibrator 8.

According to the above-described structure, fine-shaped copper wires and other foreign substances (for example, scraps of IC substrate waste, household electrical appliances waste, motor waste, waste of various electrical wirings, etc.) to be recovered from the material to be separated. Glass pieces, plastic pieces,
The case of separating carbon pieces) will be described.

First, a material to be separated, such as a crushed IC substrate waste, is dropped from the supply device 28 onto the upper surface of the reticulated vibrator 8.
At this time, the upper surface of the reticulated vibrator 8 is divided into a plurality of guide paths 46a to 46d by a guide member 44, and the material to be separated is dispersed in the respective guide paths 46a to 46d and Guided to the top.

On the other hand, when the motor 10 is turned on and the fan device 6 is started, the fan device 6
The air flow is blown through the mesh of the net-shaped vibrating body 8 and blown upward. When the motor 26 is turned on to drive the eccentric crank 24, the net-shaped vibrating body 8 is in a vibrating state.

Here, the material to be separated dropped on the surface of the mesh vibrator 8 receives a vibrating force due to the vibration of the mesh vibrator 8, and a heavy material having a large specific gravity (copper wire or the like) is subjected to the mesh vibration. When the vibration force of the body 8 is transmitted to a greater extent, the body 8 moves toward the upper end, and when reaching the upper end, is discharged from the heavy-weight discharge port 50 and the discharge chute 30.

A light-weight object (plastic piece or the like) having a small specific gravity is floated by an air flow blown up on the surface of the mesh vibrator 8 and is not much affected by the vibration of the mesh vibrator 8 and is not affected by the air slide phenomenon. When it falls and moves in the direction of the lower end of the reticulated vibrator 8 and reaches the lower end, it is discharged from the light-weight outlet 32.

One of the features of the specific gravity separator 2 of the present invention is that an extremely fine mesh vibrator 8 is used in order to be able to separate and recover finely shaped articles (such as copper wires) contained in industrial waste. However, in this case, the reticulated vibrator 8 is thin and soft. This soft reticulated vibrator 8
When the air is blown up from below, the mesh vibrating body 8 is deformed.

According to the present invention, the guide member 44 having the plurality of guide plates 44a to 44e is
The material to be separated supplied from the supply device 28 is dispersed on the upper surface of the reticulated vibrator 8 to effectively perform the specific gravity separation operation, and the reticulated vibrator is formed by the air flow from below. 8 is effectively suppressed.

Even when the soft reticulated vibrator 8 is used alone, the upward deformation due to the air flow can be sufficiently prevented by the installation of the guide member 44. As shown in the figure, by arranging a mesh body 9 having a coarser mesh and a stronger stiffness than the soft mesh body 8 on the lower surface side of the soft mesh vibrator 8, the air flow blown up from below is rectified and the soft mesh mesh is formed. Reinforcement of the body 8 can be performed.

By the above-mentioned basic constitutional operation, the separation operation due to the difference in the specific gravity of the material to be separated can be performed sufficiently effectively, and the fine-shaped copper wire or the like can be effectively recovered from the industrial waste. it can.

In the present invention, a wind direction guide plate 54 is provided above the upper end portion of the reticulated vibrator to form a separation chamber 52 having a lower end portion as an opening 55, so that the specific gravity of the specific gravity moved to the upper end portion is increased. A device has been devised to further separate a light-weight material (plastic piece or the like) having a small specific gravity mixed in a heavy-weight material (copper wire or the like).

The air flow blown up from below the separation chamber 52 to the reticulated vibrator 8 passes through the mesh of the reticulated vibrator 8 and strikes the lower surface of the wind direction guide plate 54. , That is, in the direction of the separation chamber opening 55. In the separation chamber 52, a light-weight object (plastic, etc.) having a small specific gravity is moved toward the lower end by the air slide phenomenon and receives the last separation action.

At this time, the separation chamber opening 55 is divided into air circulation openings 56a to 56d, and the air circulation openings 56a to 56d change the opening degree by vertically moving the purity adjusting plates 58a to 58d. By changing the air flow rate, the strength of the air sliding phenomenon can be adjusted, and the accuracy of the separating action can be adjusted. That is, if the air flow rate is increased, the air slide phenomenon becomes stronger, and the separation accuracy of a substance having a small specific gravity is increased.Also, if the air flow rate is reduced, the air slide phenomenon becomes weak, and the separation accuracy of a substance having a large specific gravity is increased. Lower.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which a soft reticulate body is used as the reticulated vibrator 8 has been described. However, a porous sheet having another shape may be used as the reticulated vibrator 8 other than the soft reticulate body. Can be.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a porous sheet 8 a having a sawtooth side surface can be used as the reticulated vibrator 8. In the porous sheet 8a, a large number of holes h are formed in the base sheet 60, and the base sheet 60 is formed in a side sawtooth shape or a surface wave shape.

The side sawtooth shape of the porous sheet 8a is not limited to the shape shown in FIG.
It is sufficient that the unevenness is formed on the surface of No. 0, but it is also possible to use, for example, a side sawtooth-shaped porous sheet 8a as shown in FIG.

The hole diameter and the hole density of the holes h of the side sawtooth-shaped porous sheet 8a are appropriately set according to the material to be separated.
For example, when the pore diameter is extremely small and the pore density is large, the porous sheet 8a becomes soft. For such a soft porous sheet, if the above-mentioned mesh body 9 having a coarse mesh and strong stiffness is installed on the lower surface of the porous sheet 8a, the air flow is rectified and the porous sheet is formed in the same manner as described above. There is an advantage that reinforcement is performed.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, fine objects (for example, copper wire) and other foreign substances (for example, glass pieces, plastic pieces, carbon pieces, etc.) to be recovered are provided.
A remarkable effect that finely shaped objects (such as copper wires) and other foreign substances can be effectively separated from various industrial wastes including the above by utilizing the specific gravity difference is achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a specific gravity separator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic explanatory cross-sectional view showing a reticulated vibrator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic explanatory top view showing a mounting state of a mesh vibrating body and a guide member.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a purity adjusting plate.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial top view showing an example of a side sawtooth-shaped porous sheet.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of a perforated sheet having a side saw tooth shape.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Specific gravity separator, 3 bases, 4 base frames, 6 fan units, 8 mesh vibrator, soft mesh vibrator, 8a perforated sheet, 9 strong waist mesh, 10 motor, 12 frame,
Reference Signs List 16 upper support column, 18 lower support column, 20 upper arm, 22 lower arm, 24 eccentric crank, 26 motor, 28 feeding device, 30 discharge chute, 32 discharge port, 34 support shaft, 36 angle adjusting mechanism, 38 handle, 40 Angle fixing plate, 42 Extraction port for dust etc., 44
Guide member, 44a-44e Guide plate, 46a-46d
Guideway, 48 joining plate, 50 outlet, 52 separation chamber,
54 Wind direction guide plate, 55 Separation chamber opening, 56a-5
6d air flow opening, 58a-58d purity adjusting plate,
60 base sheet, H long hole, h hole

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A reticulated vibrator is provided on a base frame installed on a base at an angle, and air is blown up to a surface of the reticulated vibrator from a fan device installed below the reticulated vibrator. In a specific gravity separation device, a material to be separated in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed is supplied, and a material having a large specific gravity is separated and moved toward a top end, and a light substance having a small specific gravity is moved toward a bottom end. It is formed of a soft mesh with a fine mesh, and a plurality of guide plates form a plurality of guide paths.
Guide member installed to form the upper surface of the reticulated vibrator.
A specific gravity separator installed in the center . 2. A resilient vibrator is provided on a base frame installed on a base at an angle, and air is blown up to a surface of the reticulated vibrator from a fan device installed below the reticulated vibrator. In a specific gravity separation device, a material to be separated in which substances having different specific gravities are mixed is supplied, and a material having a large specific gravity is separated and moved toward a top end, and a light substance having a small specific gravity is moved toward a bottom end. Formed by side saw-toothed perforated sheets, multiple guide plates form multiple guide paths
Guide member installed to form the upper surface of the perforated sheet.
A specific gravity separator installed in the center . 3. A structure in which the base frame is rotatably mounted on the base via a support shaft and can be fixed at a predetermined rotation angle, and the inclination angle of the net-shaped vibrator can be set to be changeable. The specific gravity separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. A top above the upper end portion of the mesh vibrator
Minutes formed by installing a wind direction guide plate that covers the end
The upper ends of the plurality of guide plates are inserted or brought into contact with the openings at the lower ends of the separation chambers, and the plurality of air circulation openings are formed by the separation chamber openings divided by the plurality of guide plates. The specific gravity separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the separation accuracy can be adjusted by changing the degree of opening of the air flow opening to change the air flow rate. 5. The method according to claim 5, wherein a purity adjusting plate is attached to each of the air flow openings so as to be vertically movable, and the degree of opening of the air flow opening is changed by vertically moving the purity adjustment plate. The specific gravity separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: 6. A mesh body having a coarser mesh and a stronger stiffness than the mesh vibrator is installed on the lower surface of the mesh vibrator to rectify the airflow blown up from below and to reinforce the mesh vibrator. The specific gravity separation device according to claim 1, wherein the separation is performed.