JP3151148B2 - Waste sorting equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for sorting general wastes and wastes used in construction waste treatment facilities, and more particularly to an apparatus suitable for sorting composite wastes having different specific gravities.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vibrating sieve, that is, a sieve using vibration has been widely used as a sorter of this type. There are various types and types of vibrating sieves, and one of the representative ones is an inclined circular motion type.

[0003] In this method, a vibrating circular motion is applied to the inclined sieve surface by mechanical means, and the sieve is separated.
This is a model in which the processing object is transferred using gravity caused by the inclination of the sieve surface. This type includes a two-axis type and a four-axis type, both of which rotate an eccentric shaft and an unbalanced weight and give a circular motion to a sieve surface by centrifugal force. As a method of supporting the sieve body, a floor-standing method using an elastic body or various springs is adopted.

[0004]

In the case of the above-mentioned supporting system, a large vibration, that is, an amplitude of 20 mm or more cannot be taken due to its mechanism, so that satisfactory sorting accuracy cannot be improved. The reason is that, in the case of waste mixed with various miscellaneous substances, the fluidity on the sieving surface is insufficient, and the separation effect is not sufficiently exerted. Also,
There was a problem that the structure was complicated and the manufacturing cost was high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a waste sorting apparatus which can not only improve the accuracy of sorting wastes but also can be a relatively simple apparatus. The purpose is to do so.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention comprises a porous member 1 disposed directly between two eccentric shafts 8 and 9 provided at a height difference.
The sorting main body 12 having the eccentric shaft 4 is inclined and supported by the eccentric shafts 8 and 9 so that the sorting main body 12 can be largely vibrated, and the separation of incombustible and combustible waste materials is remarkably promoted. be able to.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, bearings 10 and 11 are provided at one end and the other end of a fixed frame 2, and the bearing 10 at one end is positioned higher than the bearing 11 at the other end.
The shafts 8c and 9c of the eccentric shafts 8 and 9 are supported on the eccentric shafts 11, respectively, and a sorting body 12 having a porous member 19 is provided between the eccentric portions 8b and 9b of the eccentric shafts 8 and 9 so that one end side is connected to the other end. The porous member 19 has one end formed on the sieve portion 25 and the other end formed on the porous portion 26.
And a discharge chute 20 is formed below the porous member 14.
And the discharge shoe is provided at a lower portion of the porous portion 26.
On the air supply hood 30 and the porous portion 26
Forming a wind separation unit 26 composed of the suction hood 31
A waste supply port 1 is provided at an upper portion of one end of the sorting main body 12.
8 is provided, before Sharing, ABS exits an outlet 21 provided in the lower portion of the other end of the chute 20, it was so as to rotate by a drive means one of the two eccentric shafts 8 and 9. The eccentricity l of the eccentric shafts 8 and 9 is set to 20 mm or more so that the amplitude of the sorting main body 12 becomes 40 mm or more. This can increase the upward fluidization of the waste.

[0008] The drive means of the waste sorting apparatus constructed as described above is activated, and the sorting body 12 is moved through the eccentric shafts 8 and 9.
Is vibrated circularly, and waste is supplied from the supply port 18 of the sorting body 12. The supplied waste is the porous member 1
The sieve portion 25 of No. 4 separates the mixture into incombustibles and combustibles.
The incombustible material that has passed through the sieve portion 25 is collected from the outlet 21 through the discharge chute 20, and the combustible material on the sieve portion 25 flows down to the porous portion 26. In the perforated portion 26, light combustibles are floated by the air supplied from the air supply hood 30 and blown up through the perforated portion 26, and together with the air, a suction hood 31 is provided.
, And the remaining relatively heavy combustible material that does not float is collected from the terminal edge of the porous portion 26.

In this operation, the entire sorting body 12 makes a circular motion, and the stable and large vibration causes the waste to be largely fluidized upward and is sufficiently disentangled, while at the same time the sheets of plastic and the like in the waste are sieved. Since it floats away from the part 25, the sieving action is performed smoothly and reliably. In addition, large wastes have a large amount of jumping and flow down quickly.

[0010]

An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 6, reference numeral 2 denotes a fixed frame mounted on an anti-vibration rubber 1 on a base B. The fixed frame 2 includes a horizontal frame 3 and an inclined frame 4; 4 is supported at one end by a supporting means 6 via a gantry 5 and a bracket 5a for height adjustment, that is, an inclination angle adjustment, and the other end is directly supported by a supporting means 7 without the gantry 5. Thereby, the inclined frame 4 is inclined downward from one end side to the other end side, and by replacing the bracket 5a with an appropriate height,
The tilt angle can be adjusted between 15 ° and 20 °.

Although not shown, the bracket 5a and the gantry 5
It can be adjusted by interposing a liner between them.
Numerals 8 and 9 denote eccentric shafts, which are composed of hollow shaft portions 8a and 9a located in the middle in the longitudinal direction, eccentric portions 8b and 9b on both sides thereof, and shaft portions 8c and 9c on both sides of the eccentric portions 8b and 9b. The eccentric shafts 8, 9 are provided with outer bearings 10, 1 fitted on the shaft portions 8c, 9c.
A pair is provided on one end side and the other end side of the inclined frame 4 via the first frame 1.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a sorting body, which comprises a sorting frame 13 formed of a square frame, a porous member 14, side plates 15, 16 and a front plate 17, and a hopper 19 having a waste supply port 18.
And a discharge chute 20 having a discharge port 21. The sorting main body 12 is supported by inner bearings 23 and 24 fitted to the eccentric portions 8b and 9b of the eccentric shafts 8 and 9. Therefore, the porous member 14 has substantially the same inclination as that of the inclined frame 4. Further, the porous member 14 is attached to the sorting frame 13 and includes a sieve portion from the supply port 18 side, that is, a screen 25 (two steps in this embodiment), and a porous portion 26 following the screen portion. Is formed with a drop port 27.

In this embodiment, the side plates 15, 1
6, an opening 28 is formed above a space surrounded by the front plate 17 and the hopper 19.

The sieve section or screen 25 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), a plurality of substantially rectangular shapes are arranged at predetermined intervals in the conveyance direction of the waste through both side plates 25a, and are arranged in an inclined manner in the conveyance direction. A bent plate (inclined plate) 25b having a cross section is formed, and a space between the bent plates 25b is formed in a sieve hole 25c. In this example, the upper side of the bent plate 25b is formed in the comb teeth 25d, and a plurality of sieve auxiliary holes 25c 'communicating with the sieve holes 25c are also formed in the comb teeth 25d in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the waste is transported. ing. Sieve auxiliary hole 25c
'Is alternately formed between the adjacent bent plates 25b. 25e is a flat plate having a comb-tooth portion located on the upstream side, and 25f is a bent flat plate provided adjacent to the bent plate 25b on the most downstream side.

Further, the porous portion 26 is formed as shown in FIGS.
As shown in (a), (b), and (c), the whole is formed of a horizontal flat plate 26a, and concave portions 26b which are larger than the flat plate 26a are formed on the surface of the flat plate 26a at predetermined intervals in the same direction. A wind selection hole 26c is formed in a plurality of rows in a staggered manner, and is formed on opposite side walls (side walls substantially parallel to the waste moving direction a of the recess 26b shown in FIG. 8) which are longitudinal sides of the recess 26b. Have been. Opposite side walls on the short side of the concave portion 26b are formed on the inclined wall 26d toward the bottom wall.

Reference numeral 29 denotes a wind separator provided around the perforated plate 26. An air supply hood 30 disposed below the perforated plate 26 through the discharge chute 20 and a suction hood 3 disposed above the perforated plate 26.
It consists of 1. The air supply hood 30 is fixed to the discharge chute 20 via a flange 32 protruding from the air supply hood 30. In addition, 33 is an air supply port and 34 is a flexible tube.

In the suction hood 31, a mounting plate 35 fixed to the side is fitted in the side plates 15 and 16, and a pin 37 from the side plates 15 and 16 is fitted in a long hole 36 provided in the mounting plate 35. It goes up and down. The upper and lower positions are adjusted by screwing a bolt 38 provided on the mounting plate 35 and using a nut 39. In addition, 40 is a suction port, and 41 is a flexible tube.

Reference numeral 42 denotes a driving means provided on a projecting stand 43 protruding from the fixed frame 2, and the driving means 42 comprises a motor 4
4, a pulley 45, a pulley 46 at the end of the eccentric shaft 8 and a belt 47. Reference numeral 48 denotes a cover provided on the inclined frame 4 so as to surround the opening 28, thereby sealing the sorting main body 12. The opening 28 may be closed directly instead of the cover 48.

This embodiment has the above configuration.
The operation will be described.

After the construction waste or the general waste is crushed by a waste crusher (not shown), the crushed waste is directly conveyed by a conveyor or the like and is introduced into the sorting main body 12 from the supply port 18 while air from the blower is allowed. The air is supplied to the air supply hood 30 through the flexible tube 34. The waste input by this is
It flows down to the falling port 27 side on the inclined porous member 14 while being subjected to the vibration action by the circular motion of the sorting main body 12. The rotational directions of the eccentric shafts 8 and 9 performing the circular motion are set as shown by arrows in FIG. 1, the amplitude l is set to 40 mm or more, and the frequency is set to 40 to 180 rpm.

In this process, among the wastes, first, non-combustible materials such as stones, concrete, pottery, glass, and the like are crushed by the vibrating action of the sorting main body 12.
After passing through the 25 sieve holes 25c (sieve auxiliary holes 25c ') and dropping onto the discharge chute 20, the sieved material is collected from the outlet 20 and the sieved material flows onto the porous portion 26. Here, the sieve portion (screen) 25 has a configuration in which a plurality of bent plates 25b are arranged in a superposed manner, so that a relatively long waste material such as a wood piece, a partially mixed wire, a rubber piece can be used. The catch on the sieve hole 25c is greatly reduced.

Next, the material on the sieve on the porous portion 26 is subjected to air separation. That is, the air is blown out into the concave portion 26b by the opposing wind selection holes 26c in substantially the same amount, and after the collision and merge in the concave portion 26b, it is blown out at a substantially right angle to the upper portion thereof, that is, the surface direction of the flat plate 26a. Of the air flowing down on the surface of the flat plate 26a due to the jet air, the light one having a small specific gravity floats largely. The floating lightweight plastic, fine wood chips, and papers are sucked into the suction hood 31 from the suction port 40 through the unillustrated exhaust fan by the exhaust port (not shown) through the flexible pipe 41 and collected by the collector via the flexible pipe 41. Is done. On the other hand, relatively heavy materials that do not float, mainly wooden pieces, partially mixed wire and rubber pieces, fall into the discharge chute 20 from the drop port 27, and merge with the sieved material through the discharge port 21 to be collected. Thus, the wind selection hole 26c
The air ejected from the air jets at a right angle to the surface direction of the flat plate 26a, so that the lightweight one does not flow down along with the relatively heavy one on the flat plate 26a, and effectively receives the floating action from the air. Be sorted out.

Even if a piece of wood or wire is sent to the porous portion 26, the wind selection hole 26c is provided on the opposite side wall of the recess 26b, which is substantially parallel to the direction of waste movement, so that the flow of waste can be prevented. There's little to be caught in it, as it won't hinder you.

Further, since the air selection hole 26c of the porous portion 26 has a long and narrow slit shape when viewed from a plane, waste hardly falls from the air selection hole 26c. At the time of this wind power sorting, air from the wind screening hole 26c of the concave portion 26b blows out from the lateral direction with respect to the flow of the waste, so that the air is less likely to resist the flow of the waste. It is possible to give rise to the surface, and it is possible to reliably sort with high accuracy even if there is no great difference in the specific gravity of the waste.

Further, the recess 26b has no hole other than the wind selection hole 26c, and the inclined wall 2 having no wind selection hole 26c.
The side wall formed at 6d becomes a part of the guide portion for the flow of the waste, and does not cause clogging in the concave portion 26b or retention of the waste due to clogging.

Furthermore, since there is no protrusion on the surface of the flat plate 26a, the flow of waste is smooth.

In the above-described embodiment, combustible materials such as wood chips from the fall port 27 are combined with non-combustible substances and collected from the discharge port 21. However, these can be sorted again by another sorter. In addition, a discharge chute is separately provided at the drop port 27, and the combustible material from the porous portion 26 can be separately collected from the non-combustible material.

As shown in FIG. 1, the inclined frame 4 is bent to provide an eccentric shaft 8 on the upper surface of the inclined frame 4 and an eccentric shaft 9 on the lower surface of the frame 4. By doing so, there is an advantage that the height of the sorting device can be reduced, but if there is no height limitation,
The inclined frame 4 may be linear. Further, the porous member 1
The sieve portion 25 of No. 4 may be a perforated plate having round or square sieve holes formed on a flat plate, and the perforated portion 26 may be a perforated plate having round or square air-selecting holes formed on a flat plate.

[0030]

The present invention is embodied in the form as described above, and the bearings 10 and 1 are provided at one end and the other end of the fixed frame 2.
1 and the bearing 10 at one end is replaced with the bearing 11 at the other end.
And the bearings 10 and 11 support the shaft portions 8c and 9c of the eccentric shafts 8 and 9, respectively.
A separating body 12 having a porous member 14 is provided between the eccentric portions 8b and 9b so as to be inclined downward from one end to the other end, and one end of the porous member 14 is formed in the sieve portion 25, The other end side is formed in the porous portion 26, and the porous member
14, a discharge chute 20 is provided below the
At the lower part of the air supply chute,
And the suction hood 31 above the porous portion 26.
Forming a Ranaru wind sorting section 29, the sorting body 12 at one end of the upper waste supply port 18 is provided, a discharge port 21 provided before the bottom of the other end of Sharing, ABS exit chute 20, the two eccentric Since one of the shafts 8 and 9 is configured to be rotated by the driving means, the waste can be separated into non-combustibles and combustibles with high precision, separated and collected, and
The noise is lower than that of the conventional spring method, and the apparatus is simpler, and the entire apparatus can be downsized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of a waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway enlarged sectional view around the eccentric shafts 8 and 9;

FIG. 7 shows a sieve section 25, (a) is a plan view thereof, (b)
Is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the porous portion 26 with a part omitted.

9A and 9B show concave portions provided in the porous portion 26, FIG. 9A is a plan view thereof, FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 9A,
(C) is a sectional view along line CC of (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Anti-vibration rubber 2 Fixed frame 3 Horizontal frame 4 Inclined frame 8 Eccentric shaft 8a Hollow shaft portion 8b Eccentric portion 8c Shaft portion 9 Eccentric shaft 9a Hollow shaft portion 9b Eccentric portion 9c Shaft portion 10 Outer bearing 11 Outer bearing 12 Sorting body 13 Sorting Frame 14 Porous member 18 Supply port 19 Hopper 20 Discharge chute 21 Discharge port 23 Inner bearing 24 Inner bearing 25 Sieve part (screen) 26 Porous part 27 Drop off port 28 Opening 29 Wind separation unit 30 Air supply hood 31 Suction hood 33 Air supply port Reference Signs List 40 suction port 41 flexible tube 42 driving means 43 overhanging stand 48 cover

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hitoshi Kubota 1-16 Higashigishi-cho, Urawa-shi, Saitama (56) References JP-A-8-89901 (JP, A) JP-A-47-4395 (JP, A) JP 50-141756 (JP, A) Jiko 16-3260 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B07B 1/00-4/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A bearing 1 is provided at one end and the other end of a fixed frame 2.
The bearings 10 at one end are positioned higher than the bearings 11 at the other end, and the shaft portions 8c and 9c of the eccentric shafts 8 and 9 are supported on the bearings 10 and 11, respectively. A separating body 12 having a porous member 14 is provided between the eccentric portions 8b and 9b of the shafts 8 and 9 so as to be inclined downward from one end to the other end. and forming, to form the other side of the porous section 26, the multi
A discharge chute 20 is provided below the hole member 14, and
Penetrated the discharge chute 20 at the lower part of the part 26
Air supply hood 30 and suction hood 3 above the porous portion 26
1 to form a wind sorting section 29 comprising
To the second end side upper provided waste feed port 18, before Sharing, ABS exits provided an outlet 21 at the bottom of the other end of the chute 20, rotated by one driving means of both eccentric shafts 8 and 9 A waste sorting apparatus characterized in that: