JP3247577B2 - Hardness / tensile automatic testing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic hardness / tensile tester for automatically measuring hardness and tensile strength of the same test piece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When evaluating the physical properties of a metal material, a nonmetal material, or a composite material, the hardness and tensile strength of the material may be required. Conventionally, hardness and tensile strength are each separately measured by a single testing machine.

[0003]

Therefore, a test piece having a shape suitable for the hardness test and a test piece suitable for the tensile strength must be prepared. In addition, since the hardness test and the tensile strength were performed manually or automatically at different timings, the hardness and the tensile strength for the same test piece could not be accurately grasped on a one-to-one basis.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic hardness / tensile tester capable of automatically and continuously measuring the hardness and tensile strength of the same test piece.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided an automatic hardness / tensile testing machine in which a test piece presence / absence detection sensor is provided in a storage section, a test piece storage device for storing a test piece, and a test piece end face detection sensor. Is provided, which performs positioning in the width and longitudinal directions of the test piece taken out from the storage device, and positioning that can prevent a plurality of test pieces from being sucked by a pair of suction portions and a test piece suction preventing protrusion provided between the pair of suction portions. An apparatus including an apparatus, an information reading apparatus for reading information written on the test piece, a dimension measuring apparatus for measuring the size of the test piece, and a data processing unit for calculating a plurality of hardness measurement values or A hardness tester consisting of a plurality of hardness testers, a tensile tester for measuring tensile strength, and controlling the transfer of a test piece between the respective devices, and a test based on information read by the information reader. Do In which and a control device for the sequence control to perform tests with the various hardness testing device and tensile testing apparatus without separating the specimen to determine the kind.

[0006]

The information of the test piece taken out of the storage device is read by the information reading device. The control device tests the test piece based on the read information. That is, the type of the test or the hardness test to be performed is determined, and the test pieces are sequentially conveyed to each device according to the determination result. For the test piece on which the hardness test is performed, a tensile test is performed after the hardness test.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, reference numeral 10 denotes a transfer device, which includes a transfer rail 11 disposed linearly, a transfer robot 12 that moves linearly on the rail 11, and a traveling mechanism 13 that moves the robot 12. Prepare. Transfer robot 12
Is a suction device that sucks a test piece placed in a horizontal plane from above by a vacuum or a magnet, a transport unit that transports the sucked test piece in the directions of arrows A and B in FIG.
And a turning device for turning the device in the vertical direction. The traveling mechanism 13 includes a rack provided along the rail 11,
The motor includes a motor integrally provided with the robot, and a pinion gear connected to an output shaft of the motor and meshing with the rack. The motor is rotated to move the robot to a desired position on the rail. These devices and mechanisms are well known, and detailed illustration is omitted.

Along one side of the transport device 10, a storage device 20, a stamp reading device (information reading device) 30,
Contact type measuring device 40, polishing device 50, automatic Vickers hardness meter main body 60, automatic rockwell hardness meter main body 70
, Automatic Brinell hardness tester main body 80, tensile tester main body 9
0 and a test piece collection device 100A. Also, on the other side of the transport device 10, a stamp reading control device 35, an automatic Vickers hardness meter control device 65, an automatic Rockwell hardness meter control device 75, an automatic Brinell hardness meter control device 85, Testing machine controller 95A, tensile testing machine measuring board 95B, sequence controller 110
, A data processing device 120, and a test piece collection device 100
B, 100C.

FIG. 10 shows a dumbbell type test piece TP used in this embodiment. Both ends LP and RP are gripping portions of a tensile tester, and a hatched portion HP is a portion to be measured in a hardness test.

As shown in FIG. 3, the storage device 20 includes three storage portions 20a to 20c for stacking and storing a plurality of test pieces shown in FIG. And a transport unit 20e that adsorbs and holds the uppermost one of the stacked test pieces and transports it to the positioning unit 20d. The test piece suction part of the transporting unit 20e has a pair of suction cups and a plurality of suction prevention projections provided therebetween to slightly bend the test in the case of a thin test piece to prevent the suction of a plurality of sheets.

A test piece presence / absence detection sensor 20f is provided on the bottom of each of the storage sections, and automatically determines the presence or absence of a test piece in each of the storage sections. This sensor is a high-sensitivity type sensor capable of detecting a test piece regardless of the surface properties (black scale, rolling, polishing, etc.) of the test piece. Also, an interrupt test can be performed by the presence / absence determination function.

The test piece TP is positioned by a positioning portion 20d with respect to two orthogonal axes (longitudinal direction and width direction) in a horizontal plane. The positioning section 20d is provided with an end face detection sensor. Even if the test piece is bent, warped, twisted, or otherwise deformed, the position is detected by the end face detection sensor so that the test piece can be reliably positioned in the width and length directions. I do.

Accordingly, the robot 12 of the transfer device 10
Moves forward to the positioning portion 20d of the storage device 20, the test piece is gripped by the gripping portion, and is conveyed from the positioning portion 20d to the marking reading device 30. The positioning unit 20
In d, a test piece having a large bend is detected in a state where the test piece is gripped by the grip portion, and the test piece having such an abnormality is collected by a collecting device described later. In addition, since each part of the storage device 20 is well-known, detailed illustration is omitted.

FIG. 4 shows the overall configuration of the positioning section 20d. A test piece tray 202 is provided at the tip of the piston rod of the tray lifting cylinder 201, and the test piece is placed on the tray 202. Arms 203 and 204 for positioning in the width direction are provided so as to sandwich the width direction of the test piece, and these arms 203 and 204 are screwed to right and left screws of the feed screw 205, respectively. The feed screw 205 is rotated by a width-direction positioning arm opening / closing motor 206 to open and close the width-direction positioning arms 203 and 204. Arm 203, 2
The positioning of the test piece in the width direction is performed by the opening / closing motion of 04. The light projecting elements 207a and 208a and the light receiving element 207 of the transmission type photoelectric switch are provided at the ends of the arm 203, respectively.
b and 208b are arranged at a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, and the light emitting elements 209a and 210a and the light receiving elements 209b and 210
b (not shown) are arranged vertically.

When the width-direction positioning arms 203 and 204 are closed by the motor 206, the test piece TP is
03, 204, and is positioned at the center CLX of the tray 202. At this time, each of the light emitting elements 207a, 208
a, 209a, and 210a are shielded by the test piece TP, and the light receiving elements 207b, 208b, 209b, and 210
b outputs a signal of a level indicating that no light is received.

On the other hand, arms 211 and 212 for positioning in the longitudinal direction are provided so as to sandwich the longitudinal direction of the test piece, and these arms 211 and 212 are screwed to the right and left screws of the feed screw 213, respectively. The feed screw 213 is rotated by a longitudinal positioning arm opening / closing motor 214 to open and close the longitudinal positioning arms 211 and 212. Arm 21
The test piece is positioned in the longitudinal direction by the opening and closing movements of the test pieces 1 and 212. A light projecting element 215a and a light receiving element 215b of a transmission type photoelectric switch are provided above the arm 211 at a predetermined distance in the vertical direction, and a light projecting element 216a and a light receiving element 216 of the transmission type photoelectric switch are provided above the arm 212.
b are provided at a predetermined distance.

When the longitudinal positioning arms 211 and 212 are closed by the motor 214, the test piece TP is moved by the arms 211 and 212 and the center CLY of the tray 202 is moved.
At this time, each light emitting element 215a, 21
6a is blocked by the test piece TP,
5b and 216b output signals of a level indicating that no light is received.

Further, a light projecting element 217a and a light receiving element 217b of the photoelectric switch are provided above the arms 211 and 212 so as to face each other. When the warped test piece TP is placed on the tray 202 and the light from the light projecting element 217a is cut off by the test piece TP, a signal of a level indicating that the light receiving element 217b is not receiving light is output.

The marking reading device 30 includes a mounting portion 30a for the test piece TP supplied from the transport device 10, and a mounting portion 3a.
A reading section 30b for reading the test strip number of the test strip TP placed at 0a. The marking reading device 30 automatically changes the irradiation pattern such as the irradiation angle and the brightness so that the marking of the test piece can be read normally. In addition, a bar code reader can be used by attaching a bar code instead of the engraving, and information of the test piece can be given to the test piece in various forms, and a reading device corresponding thereto can be used.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, the dimensioning device 40 includes a mounting portion 40 a for the test piece TP supplied from the transport device 10 and a test piece mounted on the mounting portion 40 a. And a measuring unit 40b for measuring the thickness and width of the object. The thickness and width of a thick test piece are measured, and only the thickness of a thin test piece is measured.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, the polishing apparatus 50 includes a mounting section 50a for the test piece TP supplied from the transfer apparatus 10 and a polishing section 50b for polishing the measured section HP of the test piece. And a transport section 50c for transporting the test piece TP between the mounting section 50a and the polishing section 50b. The polishing device 50 is for polishing the hardness measurement portion HP of the test piece TP when performing the Vickers hardness test and the Rockwell hardness test.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, the Vickers hardness tester main body 60 has an indenter on the mounting portion 60 a of the test piece TP supplied from the transport device 10 and on the measured portion HP of the test piece. An indenter pressing portion 60b for pressing and an imaging portion 60c for imaging an indentation formed on the measurement target portion HP are provided.

The Vickers hardness tester main body 60 performs a test in accordance with a test instruction from the Vickers hardness tester controller 65. In the hardness measurement processing of the present apparatus, the imaging unit 60
The image of the indentation captured in step c is supplied to the Vickers hardness meter controller 65, and a predetermined size of the indentation is calculated by well-known image processing to calculate the Vickers hardness. Further, as data processing, it is possible not only to calculate an average value but also to perform five-point measurement depending on an instruction, and to calculate an average value excluding the maximum value and the minimum value. Since such a Vickers hardness tester is a well-known technique, detailed illustration is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, the rockwell hardness tester main body 70 automatically switches between the mounting portion 70a for the test piece TP supplied from the transfer device 10 and the specified load. An indenter pressing portion 70b for pressing an indenter against the measured portion HP of the test piece and a displacement gauge 70c for measuring the depth of an indentation formed on the measured portion HP are provided. The displacement measured by the displacement meter 70c is supplied to the Rockwell hardness meter controller 75, and the Rockwell hardness is calculated. Further, as data processing, it is possible not only to calculate an average value but also to perform five-point measurement depending on an instruction, and to calculate an average value excluding the maximum value and the minimum value. Since such a Rockwell hardness tester is a well-known technique, detailed illustration is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, the Brinell hardness tester main body 80 has an indenter on the mounting portion 80a of the test piece TP supplied from the transfer device 10 and on the measured portion HP of the test piece. An indenter pressing portion 80b for pressing and an imaging portion 80c for imaging an indentation formed on the measured portion HP are provided. Imaging unit 8
The image of the indentation taken at 0c is supplied to the Brinell hardness meter control device 85, and a predetermined size of the indentation is calculated by well-known image processing to calculate the Brinell hardness. Since such a Brinell hardness tester is a well-known technique, detailed illustration is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, the tensile tester main body 90 is provided with a test piece T supplied from the transfer device 10.
Upper and lower gripping portions 90a and 90b for gripping both ends of P, a load portion 90c for separating the upper and lower gripping portions 90a and 90b from each other to apply a tensile load to the test piece TP, and a load detector for detecting a load applied to the test piece at the time of loading And a displacement measuring unit (not shown) for measuring the displacement of the test piece. The load and displacement are sent to a tensile tester controller 95A, which creates a load-displacement characteristic curve and calculates various yield loads. Since such a tensile tester is a well-known technique, detailed illustration is omitted.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the fully automatic hardness / tensile tester. When an operator turns on a start switch, a program stored in the CPU of the data processing device 120 is started. 4 is executed. The operation will be described with reference to FIG.

In step S1, the uppermost test piece TP of the storage device 20 is moved by the robot 12 of the transfer device 10.
And transported to the mounting portion of the stamp reading device 30.
In step S2, the reading unit of the reading device 30 reads the test piece number of the test piece TP, and in step S3,
The read test strip number is sent to the host computer 200 via the data processing device 120. Host computer 20
0 reads out the test information to be performed on the test piece based on the received test piece number and sends it to the data processing device 120. The data processing device 120 receives this tester information in step S4. Here, the host computer 200 is a computer that is provided separately from the fully-automated testing machine shown in the drawing, and is used, for example, to manage the production and process of the material to be tested by this testing machine.

In step S5, the marking reading device 30
The test piece TP on the mounting portion 30a is transferred by the robot 12 of the transfer device 10 to the mounting portion 40a of the dimensioning device 40.
In step S6, the thickness and width of the test piece TP are measured by the size measuring device 40, and the measurement data is read. In step S7, a load range in a tensile test and a cross-sectional area for calculating stress are calculated based on the read measurement data. In step S8, the data processing device 120 controls each device and the testing machine so as to perform a predetermined test based on the test information received from the host computer 200. The details of step S8 will be described later. In step S9, the test piece is sucked by the robot 12 of the transfer device 10 and collected by the collection device after being transported to the designated collection device in order to collect the test piece in the collection device after the test is completed. The designation of the collecting device is classified into three types: a test piece that needs reprocessing, a test piece that does not require reprocessing, and an abnormal test piece, and is collected into the corresponding collecting device.

Here, the test piece which needs reprocessing includes a test piece for performing a squeezing measurement as a post-processing, a test piece for observing a change in the surface of the test piece, a material out of a tensile standard, and a material having an inappropriate breaking position. Point. In addition, abnormal test specimens refer to overbending materials in the length direction, materials that cannot be stamped, abnormal measuring materials, abnormal hardness materials, etc., which are extremely important for quality confirmation and can be assigned to each collection device. It is built to be able to.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a procedure for explaining the collection process. This flowchart describes the type of collection, and does not match the steps shown in FIG. In step S901, the test piece is positioned, and in step S902
Then, based on the signal from the light receiving element 217b of the warp detection photoelectric switch, it is determined whether or not the warpage of the test piece is normal. If the signal from the light receiving element 217b is a signal of a level at which light is not received, it is determined as a warped abnormal material in step S9.
At 16, the test piece is collected in the abnormal material collection box.

If the signal from the light receiving element 217b is a signal of a level at which light is being received, the process proceeds to step S903 as a normal material without warpage. In step S903, the marking of the test piece is read by the marking reading device 30, and if the reading is abnormal, the test piece is collected in the abnormal material collection box in step S916. If the reading is performed normally, the thickness and width of the test piece are measured by the dimension measuring device 40 in step S905. If the measured value is not within the standard, the test piece is collected in the abnormal material collection box in step S916 as an abnormal material. If determined to be within the standard, a hardness test is performed in step S907. In step S908, it is determined whether the hardness test result is within the standard.
At 6, the test piece is collected in the abnormal material collection box.

Next, a tensile test is performed in step S909, and if it is determined in step S910 that the mode is the roping mode, the flow advances to step S915 to collect test pieces in the reprocessing-necessary material collection box. Here, the roping mode is a test in which a strain is applied by a specified value by a tensile test and the surface state of the test piece is visually observed. If it is not in the inspection roping mode, the process proceeds to step S911, and it is determined whether or not the tensile test result value is within the standard.
Proceeding to 915, the test piece is collected in the reprocessing necessary material collection box. If it is determined that the tensile test result is within the standard, step S
At 912, it is determined whether the fracture is C or not. If the fracture is C, the process proceeds to step S915, where the test piece is collected in the reprocessing necessary material collection box. In the case of C fracture, the process proceeds to step S913. If it is determined in step S913 that the test piece requires the aperture measurement, the process advances to step S915 to collect the test piece in the reprocessing-needed material collection box. If aperture measurement is not required, step S9
At 14, the test specimen is collected in the reprocessing unnecessary material collection box. The drawing measurement is to manually measure the amount of contraction (drawing) in the width direction after tensile breaking.

The processing of the measurement data is performed by the data processing device 120. However, after the measurement of all the test pieces is completed, the data calculation processing may be performed by batch processing, or the data processing may be performed in real time. The calculation data is output by a printer (not shown), and the host computer 200
Is forwarded to

The test based on the test information in step S8 is, for example, as follows: The data processing device 120 controls the fully automatic hardness / tensile tester based on the test information, and Perform Vickers hardness test and tensile test Rockwell hardness test and tensile test Brinell hardness test and tensile test Vickers hardness test and Rockwell hardness test and tensile test Vickers hardness test and Brinell hardness test and tensile test Rockwell hardness test and Brinell hardness test and tensile test In addition to the ordinary tensile strength and elongation test for detecting tensile strength and elongation at break, n-value test for examining work hardening index of material and drawing of material An r-value test for examining characteristics is also included, and continuous operation is possible even if the contents of those tests change.

The data processing device 120 performs the test processing in step S8 in FIG. 8 according to the test information received from the host computer 200. Although the detailed procedure is omitted, the test pieces TP taken out of the storage device 20 are sequentially transported to each step by the transport device 10 according to the above-described test contents, and necessary measurement and processing are performed in each step.

For example, when it is necessary to polish the hardness measuring portion HP in the Vickers hardness test or the Rockwell hardness test, the test piece TP is conveyed to the polishing device 50 after the measurement, and polished. Is transferred to each hardness meter.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. The hardness test and the tensile test can be performed on one test piece, and the data is printed out or stored in association with each other, so that the reliability of the physical property evaluation is improved. Further, the number of test pieces can be reduced. Since the data of the hardness and the data of the tensile strength can be obtained almost at the same time, it is possible to respond to the quality control very quickly. Since the test piece number is stamped on the test piece and a predetermined test is performed based on the test piece number, when storing the test pieces in the storage device, the order of storing the test pieces may be different, and the order of the test piece order may be different. Tracking errors are prevented.

If the Vickers hardness, Rockwell hardness or Brinell hardness is determined according to the thickness of the test piece, there is no need to specify which hardness meter to use in the test information. Test information can be specified efficiently. In addition, it is possible to identify a match between the type of the hardness test determined by the thickness and the type of the hardness test in the test information, thereby performing a more reliable test. Alternatively, if the test information specifies a hardness test suitable for a thin plate, and if the test piece is a thick plate, the type of hardness test is determined by giving priority to the thickness information. Alternatively, the hardness test specified in the above may be prioritized.

A roughness measuring device may be added in addition to the hardness test and the tensile test, and the roughness of the test piece may be measured together with the hardness and the tensile strength, if necessary. The rectilinear conveying device may be a turning manipulator conveying device, and a housing device, an engraving reading device, a dimension measuring device, a polishing device, and various types of testing machines may be arranged on a circumferential path of the turning manipulator. In addition,
When surface change observation such as a Rydus test is required, an image device is installed at the subsequent stage of the tensile tester. For example, other test machines and measuring devices can be used in addition to those of the embodiment.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, 1
A hardness test and a tensile test can be performed on this test piece, and the reliability of physical property evaluation is improved. Further, the number of test pieces can be reduced. Further, since the data of the hardness and the data of the tensile strength can be obtained almost at the same time, it is possible to respond to the quality control very quickly. Furthermore, since the test piece information is added to the test piece and a predetermined test is performed based on the test piece information, when storing the test pieces in the storage device, the storing order may be different, Tracking errors in one order are prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a hardness / tensile tester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the hardness / tensile tester shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;

FIGS. 4A and 4B are views showing a positioning unit, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a front view.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;

8 is a flowchart showing an example of a measurement procedure of the hardness / tensile tester shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the types of test piece collection.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of an example of a test piece.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Conveying device 20 Storage device 20d Positioning part 20f Test piece presence / absence detection sensor 30 Marking reading device 40 Sizing device 50 Polishing device 60 Fully automatic Vickers hardness meter main body 65 Automatic Vickers hardness meter control device 70 Fully automatic rockwell hardness meter main body 75 Automatic Rockwell hardness tester control device 80 Fully automatic Brinell hardness tester main unit 85 Automatic Brinell hardness tester control device 90 Tensile tester main unit 95 Tensile tester control device 100 Collection device 110 Sequence control device 120 Data processing device 200 Host computer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Masami Fujii, Inventor 1 at Shimono Nishinogoshoda-cho, Kita-ku, Kyoto-shi Inside Shimanzu Seisakusho's Shiino Plant (72) Inventor Naofumi Gakio 1, Shiono-Nishi-Goshoda-cho, Kita-ku, Kyoto-shi Shimadzu Corporation Shiino Plant (72) Inventor Kenichi Maeda 1 Shiino Nishi Goshoda-cho, Kita-ku, Kyoto City Stock Company Shimadzu Corporation Shiono Plant (72) Inventor Akio Ueda 1 Shiono Nishi-Goshoda Town Kita-ku, Kyoto City Shimadzu Corporation (56) References JP-A-6-313751 (JP, A) JP-A-5-281113 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01N 3 / 42 G01N 3/08 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A test piece storage device for storing a test piece provided with a test piece presence / absence detection sensor, and a test piece end face detection sensor for storing a test piece, and the width and length of a test piece taken out of the storage device are provided. A positioning device capable of preventing a plurality of test pieces from being suctioned by a pair of suction portions and a test piece suction prevention protrusion provided between the pair of suction portions and an information reading device for reading information written on the test piece; A size measuring device for measuring the size of the test piece, a hardness testing device including one or a plurality of hardness testers having a data processing unit for calculating a plurality of hardness measurement values, and measuring a tensile strength. A tensile test device, and controls the transport of the test piece between the respective devices, and determines the type to be tested based on the information read by the information reading device to separate the test pieces without separating the test pieces. Characterized by comprising a control device for performing sequence control so that a test is performed by a tensile test device and a tensile test device.
Automatic tensile testing machine.