JP3247141U - Flame retardant - Google Patents
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- JP3247141U JP3247141U JP2024001221U JP2024001221U JP3247141U JP 3247141 U JP3247141 U JP 3247141U JP 2024001221 U JP2024001221 U JP 2024001221U JP 2024001221 U JP2024001221 U JP 2024001221U JP 3247141 U JP3247141 U JP 3247141U
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- flame retardant
- oil cake
- laminated substrate
- boric acid
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000008918 voyeurism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】容易に製作可能で、薄手の材料として、使い勝手の良い難燃材を提供する。【解決手段】積層基材と、積層基材を内部に収容する包装袋とから成る難燃材であって、積層基材は、二枚の紙材５、５´の間に粉粒状の油かすｃが糊で紙材に付着された状態で挟み込まれて成る油かす芯材層と、石灰水溶液及びホウ酸水溶液が含浸・乾燥された布材４、４´が油かす芯材層の両表面それぞれに積層配置されて成る石灰・ホウ酸含有布材層とを備えており、包装袋は、内側のポリエチレンフォイル層３、３´とポリエチレンフォイル層に重ねられた外側の二重のアルミニウムフォイル層１、１´、２、２´とを備える包装材から形成されており、積層基材は、包装袋のポリエチレンフォイル層によって囲まれる包装空間に収容されている。【選択図】図１[Problem] To provide a flame retardant material that is easy to manufacture and easy to use as a thin material. [Solution] The flame retardant material is composed of a laminated substrate and a packaging bag that contains the laminated substrate. The laminated substrate comprises an oil cake core layer formed by sandwiching granular oil cake c between two sheets of paper material 5, 5' with the powdered oil cake c attached to the paper material with glue, and a lime/boric acid-containing cloth material layer formed by laminating cloth materials 4, 4' impregnated with an aqueous solution of lime and an aqueous solution of boric acid and dried on both surfaces of the oil cake core layer. The packaging bag is formed from a packaging material that comprises an inner polyethylene foil layer 3, 3' and an outer double aluminum foil layer 1, 1', 2, 2' that is overlaid on the polyethylene foil layer, and the laminated substrate is contained in a packaging space surrounded by the polyethylene foil layer of the packaging bag. [Selected Figure] Figure 1
Description
本考案は、布生地のような布材或いは油かすを糊で付着させた紙、ポリエチレンのシート材、アルミフォイル材のような薄厚の材料であって、且つ燃えにくい性質を有する難燃材に関するもの。This invention relates to a flame-retardant material which is a thin material such as a cloth material, paper with oil cake glued on it, a polyethylene sheet material, or an aluminum foil material, and which has flame-retardant properties.
従来、繊維製の衣服や身の回り用品としては、繊維を織った布や生地が縫製されて製品化されている。また、屋内の内装材や屋内に置かれる各種の物品のようなインテリア（室内装飾品）に属するものとして、部屋の壁に貼られる壁紙や、遮光、防音、覗き見防止などを目的として室内各所に吊り下げて使用されるカーテン、或いは部屋の床に敷かれるカーペットや絨毯のような敷物としての内装材がある。また、室内の各所には、ドア、間仕切り、建具、家具のような据付け具（和室用としては襖、障子の類）が置かれ、更にはホビー製品や置物、収納ケースのような生活雑貨も随所に置かれることがある。更に、屋外においては、フェンス、ガーデン、門扉、バルコニーのようなエクステリア製品が、シート材、パネル材、板材等の材料で製造されている。これらの製品は、布材、シート材或いは薄板材のように比較的厚さの薄い素材が直接に用いられているものがあるが、そうした素材を適宜組み合わせて製品として構成されるものもある。Conventionally, textile clothing and personal items are manufactured by sewing woven fabrics and cloth. Indoor interior materials and various items placed indoors (interior decorations) include wallpapers pasted on the walls of a room, curtains hung in various places in a room for the purpose of blocking light, soundproofing, and preventing peeping, and interior materials such as carpets and rugs laid on the floor of a room. In addition, various fixtures such as doors, partitions, fittings, and furniture (such as sliding doors and shoji screens for Japanese-style rooms) are placed in various places in the room, and household goods such as hobby products, ornaments, and storage cases are also placed in various places. Furthermore, outdoors, exterior products such as fences, gardens, gates, and balconies are manufactured from materials such as sheet materials, panel materials, and board materials. Some of these products are made directly from relatively thin materials such as cloth materials, sheet materials, and thin board materials, but some are made by appropriately combining such materials.
衣服に関して、消防士が着用する消防服或いは非常に高温の作業所で着用される作業衣には、耐火性、難燃性のある生地から縫製された衣服が用いられている。また、近年、生活向上の観点から、身の回り品、インテリア製品やエクステリア製品に用いられる材料には、重大な火災事故に至ることがないように、着火し難い或いは仮に着火することがあっても燃え広がり難い難燃材が用いられる傾向が高まっているが、ハロゲン化合物の難燃材から、最近では有機リン系難燃材を用いる傾向にあるが、難燃剤の液状化による利用として、薬剤利用がある。本考案はそのような傾向を考慮し、安全使用性を重視し、より毒性ガスの出ない方向をめざす、油かすの利用に着目したものである。
総務省消防庁の消防団の装備の基準では、１２００℃の温度で１５秒耐えられるものとあり、消防活動は高温高熱下では低姿勢で低温のところで活動することになっており（２０１４年２月１７日２１ページ８２３ＫＢ）、消防服は３層構造で、外側がゴアテックス、中間が透湿防水層、内側は不燃繊維であることになっている。実際の作業では、１０００℃を超える作業をしていて熱くて着用できないなどがあり、その他一般に販売されている物は、１０００℃においても１３秒で燃え尽きることのない仕様が望まれている。
従って、本考案はこれ迄の消防服の概念を覆し、革新的技術に発展する可能性がある。例えば、基本ユニットの多重構造化による製品がこれである。３ｍｍの１枚の基本ユニットに、１０００℃～１３００℃のバーナーの炎を３分間放射しても、基本ユニットを貫通しませんでした。 Regarding clothing, firefighters' fire suits and work clothes worn in very high temperature work places are made of fire-resistant and flame-retardant fabrics. In addition, in recent years, from the viewpoint of improving living standards, there has been a growing trend to use flame-retardant materials that are difficult to ignite or difficult to spread even if ignited, for materials used in personal items, interior products, and exterior products, in order to prevent serious fire accidents. Recently, there has been a trend from halogen compound flame retardants to organic phosphorus flame retardants, but there is also a chemical use of flame retardants by liquefying them. In consideration of such trends, this invention focuses on the use of oil cake, which emphasizes safe use and aims to avoid the emission of more toxic gases.
According to the Fire and Disaster Management Agency's standard for fire brigade equipment, it must be able to withstand a temperature of 1200°C for 15 seconds, and firefighting activities are to be carried out in low positions in high heat and low temperatures (February 17, 2014, page 21, 823 KB), and firefighting suits are to have a three-layer structure, with Gore-Tex on the outside, a breathable waterproof layer in the middle, and a non-flammable fiber on the inside. In actual work, there are cases where the temperature exceeds 1000°C and it is too hot to wear, and other items sold in the general public are expected to have specifications that do not burn out in 13 seconds even at 1000°C.
Therefore, this invention has the potential to overturn the conventional concept of firefighting suits and develop into an innovative technology. For example, this is a product with a multi-layered structure of basic units. Even when a 3mm basic unit was exposed to a burner flame of 1000℃ to 1300℃ for three minutes, the basic unit did not penetrate.
これまでの耐熱性、耐火性又は防火性を考慮した材料としては、亜鉛メッキ鋼板等の金属製材料、ポリ塩化ビニルやポリ塩化ビニリデンのような化学素材を基にして、例えばシート材や薄板材に成形される難燃性化学材料がある。また、アスベストのような鉱物繊維、アルミニウムやシリカを原料としたセラミック繊維、或いはアラミド繊維やポリエステル繊維等の化学繊維を用いて、織物や布材に成形される難燃性繊維材料などがある。Materials that have been used in consideration of heat resistance, fire resistance, or fire prevention include metal materials such as galvanized steel sheets, flame-retardant chemical materials based on chemical materials such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride, which are formed into, for example, sheet materials or thin plate materials, and flame-retardant fiber materials formed into textiles or cloth materials using mineral fibers such as asbestos, ceramic fibers made from aluminum or silica, or chemical fibers such as aramid fibers and polyester fibers.
こうした難燃材として、各種の材料が提案されている。その一つとして、植物繊維の上面には防炎ポリ塩化ビニル被膜を、そして下面には再生紙を包含させた難燃材が提案されている（特許文献１）。また、硬質繊維板の片面又は両面に難燃処理した紙や布などのシートを貼着させた難燃材が提案されている（特許文献２）。更に、ホウ酸又はホウ酸塩を含み、長期間固まらずに使用できるとともに、糊の匂いを抑制した難燃材組成物が提案されている（特許文献３）。更に、一般的な不燃液・難燃剤としては、従来から、臭素系、塩素系、ホウ素系、シリコン系、窒素含有化合物等の難燃剤が知られている。また、ホウ酸の濃い水溶液はセルロース用の難燃剤（処理した木材は不燃木材となる）として知られており、紙や繊維材にホウ酸を塗したものはセルロースファイバーとして住宅用断熱材として利用されており、炭酸カルシウムを原料とする漆喰のような材料は、旧来より建築素材として利用されてきている。本考案では、窒素化合物の難燃材の中で、より安全性の高い方向を目指し、油かすの利用を考案したものである。Various materials have been proposed as such flame retardants. One of them is a flame retardant material in which a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride coating is applied to the upper surface of plant fibers and recycled paper is included on the lower surface (Patent Document 1). Also, a flame retardant material in which a sheet of flame-retardant-treated paper or cloth is attached to one or both sides of a hard fiberboard has been proposed (Patent Document 2). Furthermore, a flame retardant composition containing boric acid or a borate salt, which can be used for a long time without hardening and suppresses the smell of glue, has been proposed (Patent Document 3). Furthermore, as general non-combustible liquids and flame retardants, flame retardants such as bromine-based, chlorine-based, boron-based, silicon-based, and nitrogen-containing compounds have been known in the past. Also, a concentrated aqueous solution of boric acid is known as a flame retardant for cellulose (treated wood becomes non-combustible wood), and paper or fiber material coated with boric acid is used as cellulose fiber as a residential insulation material, and materials such as plaster made from calcium carbonate have been used as building materials for a long time. This invention aims to use oil cake as a nitrogen compound flame retardant, aiming for a higher level of safety.
そこで、新規で且つ容易に製作可能であり、且つ使い勝手の良い難燃材を得る点で、解決すべき課題がある。本考案の目的は、新規で且つ容易に製作可能であり、且つ多種の技術分野において用いられる薄手の材料として使い勝手の良い難燃材を提供することである。また、難燃性をより高めるために、油かすの利用により高い難燃効果を得ることができ、更にアルミフォイルの利用により、その強度が強化されたのである。Therefore, there is a problem to be solved in terms of obtaining a new, easily manufacturable, and easy-to-use flame retardant material. The object of the present invention is to provide a new, easily manufacturable, and easy-to-use flame retardant material that can be used in a wide variety of technical fields. In order to further increase the flame retardancy, a high flame retardant effect can be obtained by using oil cake, and the strength is further increased by using aluminum foil.
本考案による難燃材は、薄厚状の繊維材、シート材又は板材からなり、ホウ酸水溶液が含浸・乾燥されて成る基材に対して、前記基材の一側表面に、石灰水を混合した水性塗料が塗布・乾燥されて成る炭酸カルシウム含有層、及び前記基材の他側表面に、高濃度ホウ酸水溶液が含浸・乾燥されて成るホウ酸含有層が積層されて成っている。更に、紙に糊を付着させた油かすの層がより難燃性を高めている。The flame retardant material of the present invention is made of a thin fiber material, sheet material or plate material, and is composed of a substrate impregnated with an aqueous solution of boric acid and dried, a calcium carbonate-containing layer formed by applying an aqueous paint mixed with lime water to one surface of the substrate and drying it, and a boric acid-containing layer formed by impregnating with an aqueous solution of high concentration of boric acid and drying it to the other surface of the substrate. Furthermore, a layer of oil cake made by applying glue to paper further enhances the flame retardancy.
この難燃材によれば、基材はホウ酸水溶液が含浸・乾燥されて成るので、基本的にホウ酸を含んでいて、難燃性を備える。
基材の薄厚一側に形成される石灰石含有層においては、石灰水は水酸化カルシウムが溶けた水溶液であるが、乾燥することで二酸化炭素を吸収しながら硬化（炭酸化）して炭酸カルシウムを含む層が形成される。炭酸カルシウムを含む層は、建材の一種である漆喰としても知られているように、それ自体防火性のある材料である。石灰水に水性塗料を混ぜた液を基材の布に含浸し、乾燥させることによって、基材に対して厚みの薄い炭酸カルシウムの層として容易に形成される。この石灰とホウ酸含有層においては、高濃度のホウ酸水溶液が含浸・乾燥されて成り、十分な厚みの層としてのホウ酸石灰の含有層が形成される。ホウ酸系の素材は、空気と熱の遮断性があって、難燃材の一つである。
この考案による難燃材によれば、石灰ホウ酸含有層の難燃性を備えているので、全体として難燃性が優れた積層材となる。基材が、例えば布材であるような場合であっても、この積層材は、柔軟性等の基材である布材の性質を損ねることがなく、布材としての利便性を活用できる。また、窒素化合物を含む油かすを糊で付着させた紙は、表面を石灰とホウ酸の溶液が塗布されているので、より高い難燃性の効果が生じる上、アルミフォイルで覆われた基材は、より一層高い難燃性効果が期待され、二重で覆われたアルミフォイルの難燃性もより強化されるのである。
いずれも空気と熱の遮断性による効果を狙うもので、特に油かす使用による物は、極めてその効果が高い。 According to this flame retardant material, the substrate is impregnated with an aqueous solution of boric acid and then dried, so that the substrate basically contains boric acid and has flame retardancy.
In the limestone-containing layer formed on one thin side of the substrate, lime water is an aqueous solution of dissolved calcium hydroxide, and when it dries, it hardens (carbonates) while absorbing carbon dioxide, forming a layer containing calcium carbonate. The layer containing calcium carbonate is a fire-resistant material in itself, as it is also known as plaster, a type of building material. By impregnating the substrate fabric with a liquid made by mixing lime water with water-based paint and drying it, it is easily formed as a thin layer of calcium carbonate relative to the substrate. In this lime and boric acid-containing layer, a high-concentration aqueous boric acid solution is impregnated and dried, and a layer containing lime borate is formed as a layer of sufficient thickness. Boric acid-based materials have air and heat insulation properties and are one of the flame-retardant materials.
The flame retardant material according to this invention has the flame retardancy of the lime-boric acid-containing layer, so that the laminate has excellent flame retardancy as a whole. Even if the substrate is, for example, a cloth material, this laminate does not impair the properties of the substrate cloth, such as flexibility, and can utilize the convenience of the cloth material. In addition, the paper to which the oil cake containing nitrogen compounds is attached with glue has a surface coated with a solution of lime and boric acid, so that a higher flame retardant effect is obtained, and the substrate covered with aluminum foil is expected to have an even higher flame retardant effect, and the flame retardancy of the aluminum foil covered with a double layer is also further strengthened.
Both aim to provide insulation from air and heat, and those using oil cake in particular are extremely effective.
この難燃材において、前記炭酸カルシウム含有層は、前記石灰水を混合した前記水性塗料の含浸・乾燥を反復することで多重層に形成することができ、また前記ホウ酸含有層は前記高濃度ホウ酸水溶液の含浸・乾燥を反復することで多重層に形成することができる。In this flame-retardant material, the calcium carbonate-containing layer can be formed into multiple layers by repeatedly impregnating with the aqueous paint mixed with the lime water and drying it, and the boric acid-containing layer can be formed into multiple layers by repeatedly impregnating with the high-concentration aqueous boric acid solution and drying it.
本考案による難燃材によれば、紙材、布等の繊維材、シート材又は板材のような薄手素材を基材として、その表面に炭酸カルシウムとホウ酸含有層を形成しているので、特に衣服や身の回り品、インテリア製品やエクステリア製品に適用した場合には、使用・着用するのに安全・安心で、且つ耐熱性、耐火性、防火性に優れた製品となる。
また、石灰ホウ酸含有層の難燃性を備えているので、難燃性が優れた積層材となる。基材が、例えば布材であるような場合であっても、この積層材は、柔軟性等の基材である布材の性質を損ねることがなく、布材としての利便性を活用できる。また、基材がシート材や板材であっても、同様にこれらの素材の性質を損ねることなく、同様に利便性を活用できる。
本考案の効果を一層強固にするため、油かすを糊で付着させた紙を乾燥させ、紙の表面に石灰とホウ酸水の溶液を塗布し、更に基材の難燃性を高めるためアルミフォイルを二重に貼り付けることにより、その効果は絶大になったのである。 The flame retardant material of the present invention is made by forming a layer containing calcium carbonate and boric acid on the surface of a base material such as paper, cloth, or other fibrous material, or a thin material such as a sheet or plate. Therefore, when applied to clothing, personal items, interior products, and exterior products in particular, the product is safe and secure to use and wear, and has excellent heat resistance, fire resistance, and fire prevention properties.
In addition, since the laminate has the flame retardancy of the lime borate-containing layer, it is a laminate with excellent flame retardancy. Even if the substrate is, for example, a cloth material, this laminate can utilize the convenience of the cloth material without impairing the properties of the substrate, such as flexibility. Even if the substrate is a sheet material or a plate material, the convenience can be utilized in the same way without impairing the properties of these materials.
To further strengthen the effect of this invention, the paper to which the oil cake had been attached with glue was dried, and then a solution of lime and boric acid water was applied to the surface of the paper. Furthermore, a double layer of aluminum foil was applied to increase the flame retardancy of the base material, thereby making the effect even greater.
図１に示す斜視図等は、この考案の難燃材の例の概略を示している。断面図は難燃材の構造を示して解り易く描いたものであり、実際には袋状に形成されている。平面図にすると座布団のような形になる。The perspective view shown in Figure 1 shows an outline of an example of the flame retardant of this invention. The cross-sectional view shows the structure of the flame retardant in an easy-to-understand manner, and it is actually formed in a bag shape. In plan view, it looks like a cushion.
基材の石灰水は、水酸化カルシウムが溶けた水溶液であるが、乾燥することで二酸化炭素を吸収しながら硬化（炭酸化）して炭酸カルシウムを含んだ層となる。石灰含有物は、それ自体耐熱性、耐火性及び防火性のある物である。また、ホウ酸は、それ自体耐熱性、耐火性、及び防火性のある物である。この難燃材は石灰とホウ酸含有の層を備えているので、耐火性があり、その上窒素化合物を含む油かすの層があって、更にアルミフォイルの２重層により、強い難燃性が形成されている。The base material, lime water, is an aqueous solution with calcium hydroxide dissolved in it, but when it dries, it hardens (carbonates) while absorbing carbon dioxide, forming a layer containing calcium carbonate. Lime-containing materials are heat-resistant, fire-resistant, and fire-resistant by themselves. Also, boric acid is heat-resistant, fire-resistant, and fire-resistant by itself. This flame-retardant material has a layer containing lime and boric acid, so it is fire-resistant, and on top of that there is a layer of oil cake containing nitrogen compounds, and the double layer of aluminum foil forms a strong flame retardant.
ここで、薄厚とは、繊維製の布や生地のように、人の手で容易に撓む、曲がる、折れる、畳む等の日常経験する変形が可能な厚さである。
また、繊維製の布や生地以外のシートや板材である場合には、繊維製布や生地と同等又はそれよりも強度を持ち、人の手指で容易に挟む、掴むことができるような厚みをいう。 Here, the term "thin" refers to a thickness that allows deformation such as easy bending, curving, folding, and other everyday deformations experienced by humans, like fiber cloth or fabric.
In the case of sheets or plates other than textile cloth or fabric, it refers to a thickness that is equal to or stronger than textile cloth or fabric and can be easily held or gripped between human fingers.
この考案による難燃材は、例えば図２に示す工程を順に経て製造される。工程１は、石灰、ホウ酸、水性塗料の水溶液に布を含浸した図で、工程２は、含浸の布の乾燥である。工程３は、紙。工程４は、その紙の上に糊を塗布した物。工程５は、糊の上に油かすを付着させたもの。工程６は、別の紙の上に糊を塗布した物に油かすを付着させたもの。工程７は、工程６を乾燥。工程８は、工程７を工程２の布で包んだ物。工程９は、工程８をポリエチレンの袋状に包んだシート材の物。工程１０は、工程９をアルミフォイルで包んだ物。
以上の多重構造により、難燃性を強化させたのである。 The flame retardant material according to this invention is manufactured, for example, through the steps shown in Figure 2. Step 1 is a diagram of cloth soaked in an aqueous solution of lime, boric acid, and water-based paint, and step 2 is drying the soaked cloth. Step 3 is paper. Step 4 is the paper with glue applied to it. Step 5 is oil cake attached to the glue. Step 6 is another piece of paper with glue applied to it and oil cake attached to it.
The above multi-layer structure enhances flame retardancy.
以下、基材を布とアルミ及び油かすを包んだ紙とアルミフォイル及びポリエチレンのシート材にしたときの、難燃材の比較試験の一例を示す。各実験例１０００℃～１３００℃で難燃材を加熱した。３分経過した加熱の結果は、図１の斜図面及び正面図の断面図の４´で炎焼が止まった。
従って、１´、２´、３´は全く炎焼しなかった。図１の炎は矢印の方向からバーナーを噴射したものである。 Below is an example of a comparison test of flame retardants when the substrates were cloth, aluminum, paper wrapped with oil cake, aluminum foil, and polyethylene sheet materials. In each experiment, the flame retardants were heated at 1000°C to 1300°C. After 3 minutes of heating, the flames stopped burning at 4' in the cross-sectional view of the oblique view and front view of Figure 1.
Therefore, 1', 2', and 3' did not burn at all. The flames in Figure 1 were caused by a burner being sprayed from the direction of the arrow.
本考案による難燃材の適用例としては、耐熱、耐火、防火性が期待される分野であることは勿論であるが、以下のような例が考えられる。
まず、本考案による難燃材は、衣類製品としては、耐熱、耐火性を備えた消防服のような専用服、或いは高温作業環境下で用いられる作業服が考えられる。これら専用服、作業服の服飾生地（生地となる元の基材は、天然繊維、化学繊維、或いはその混合繊維でよい）に、この難燃材を適用して、適宜の縫製によって衣類に仕立てることができる。
その他にも、本考案による難燃材は、傘、鞄、帽子のような身の回り品；紙（耐熱、防火紙として、例えば障子、襖に適用可能）；布やフィルム、シート、パネル等から成るカーテン、家具等のインテリア製品；フェンス、ガーデン、門扉、バルコニーのようなエクステリア製品；テントやハンモック等のキャンプ用品のようなアウトドア製品；鍋敷や鍋掴み等の調理補助具；消化マット、消化クロス、消防毛布のような防災グッズ；布、シートやパネルから成る一般建築素材；車、電車、航空機のような交通機関の椅子やシート等の内装材に用いることができる。これらの場合にあっては、火災に遭遇するような場合であっても、それらの製品の耐熱性、耐火性、防火性を向上させることができる。 Examples of applications of the flame retardant material of this invention include, of course, fields where heat resistance, fire resistance, and fire prevention are expected, but the following examples are also possible.
First, the flame retardant material of the present invention can be used in clothing products such as heat-resistant and fire-resistant firefighting uniforms and work clothes used in high-temperature working environments. The flame retardant material can be applied to the fabric of these special-purpose and work clothes (the original base material of the fabric can be natural fibers, chemical fibers, or a mixture of these fibers) and then sewn into clothing.
In addition, the flame retardant material of the present invention can be used for personal items such as umbrellas, bags, and hats; paper (as heat-resistant and fire-resistant paper, for example, applicable to shoji and sliding doors); interior products such as curtains and furniture made of cloth, film, sheet, panel, etc.; exterior products such as fences, gardens, gates, and balconies; outdoor products such as camping equipment such as tents and hammocks; cooking aids such as trivets and potholders; disaster prevention goods such as fire mats, fire cloths, and fire blankets; general building materials made of cloth, sheets, and panels; and interior materials such as chairs and seats for transportation such as cars, trains, and airplanes. In these cases, the heat resistance, fire resistance, and fire prevention of these products can be improved even in the event of a fire.
本考案の発明品発生の技術の思想的背景は、世界の災害発生の多発や、人類自ら発明した核爆弾に苦しむ有様や、その脅威に晒される人々の苦悩を少しでも和らげるべく実現したものでもあります。
材料は、身近にある物で、安価に入手でき、軽量で、防火服や建築材など、使用目的により大きさや厚みも自由に変えられる。使用目的の根幹は、何よりご利用者様の安全・安心が最も大切なことであり、それがあって地えられます。それが、技術の思想的発展性を高度化する要因へ繋がるものと考えるものであります。高温、高圧のレーザービームや空振など、防災上人体に与える損傷を少なくする上でも、科学の発達に伴うリスクを少なくする目的で考案された発明でもあります。有毒ガス発生の少ない油かすの利用は、技術の思想的背景として、人体に害を及ぼさないという安全性や安心できる環境を求めるもので構成されるべきという考え方に基づきます。
単に基本ユニットに限らず、その多重構造により火炎の空振や数千度の高温に対する防御としても考案された難燃材でもあります［図３］。 The ideological background of the technology behind this invention was to alleviate, even just a little, the suffering of people exposed to the threat of the frequent occurrence of disasters around the world and the suffering caused by the nuclear bombs that mankind invented themselves.
The materials are readily available, inexpensive, lightweight, and can be freely adjusted in size and thickness depending on the purpose of use, such as fireproof clothing or building materials. The basis of the purpose of use is the safety and security of the user, which is the most important thing. We believe that this leads to a factor in advancing the ideological development of the technology. It is an invention that was devised to reduce the damage caused to the human body in disaster prevention, such as high-temperature and high-pressure laser beams and air vibrations, and to reduce the risks associated with scientific development. The use of oil cake, which produces little toxic gas, is based on the idea that the ideological background of the technology should be composed of things that are safe and do not harm the human body and that seek a safe environment.
It is not just a basic unit, but due to its multi-layered structure it is also a flame-retardant material designed to protect against airborne flames and high temperatures of several thousand degrees [Figure 3].
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