JP3245092U - CO2 gas supply by aquarium pressurized gas container with nutrient substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an aquarium pressurized gas container for supplying CO2 gas for planting in an aquarium. The present invention has a receiving volume for receiving a mixture for fermentation, the mixture comprising mixed water, a nutrient substrate, and a reactant for interacting with the nutrient substrate; The reactants react with each other to produce CO2 gas, a receiving vessel 14, a closure device 16 for closing the receiving vessel in a gas-tight manner, and a CO2 gas extraction from the aquarium pressurized gas vessel 10 for the aquarium 12. a gas outflow device 18 for a gas outflow device, wherein the CO2 gas, when entering the gas outflow device, has a gas supply pressure p_B and regulates a gas container pressure p_G substantially equal to the gas supply pressure; A gas container pressure regulator 20 is provided. [Selection diagram] Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to an aquarium pressurized gas container for supplying CO2 gas produced therein to an aquarium.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a CO2 gas supply system comprising the aquarium pressurized gas container described above.

In order to supply oxygen to fish, it is very important to have sufficient planting in the aquarium. For this purpose, plants require carbon dioxide, CO2, which forms the basis of oxygen. CO2 gas is commonly used in fish farming for feeding plants and regulating pH values. In this process, gaseous CO2 is dissolved in the aquarium and made available to plants for photosynthesis or cell construction. To adjust the pH value, gaseous CO2 is likewise dissolved in the water, resulting in a decrease in the pH value of the water.

In principle, gaseous CO2 can be added to the water in a metered manner via measurement and control electronics. For this purpose, two different methods of supplying CO2 gas have been used in fish farming for several decades:

On the one hand, the CO2 gas is supplied by a CO2 pressure cartridge, the cartridge pressure being adjusted to such an extent that the CO2 gas corresponds to a certain pressure level, so that the aquarium can be supplied with CO2 with a gas supply pressure without further complications. , lowered by a pressure reducer.

Without light entering the aquarium, the photosynthesis process of the plants placed in it will stop, so the supply of CO2 gas is generally stopped at night. This is usually carried out using a CO2 pressure cartridge by cutting off the gas flow in the pipeline and thus the supply of CO2 gas. This shutoff can be implemented, for example, by a solenoid valve.

The same technology is used for pH adjustment using a CO2 pressure cartridge, but the CO2 gas supply is not switched at day/night intervals, the cutoff of the CO2 gas supply is controlled by control electronics, and the switching interval is Determined by permanent measurement of pH value.

Relevant safety regulations must be observed when storing, operating and transporting CO2 pressure cartridges; for example, national safety regulations may apply with respect to the CO2 pressure cartridges used. must be guaranteed.

To fill reusable CO2 pressure cartridges, they have to be transported to a filling station and from there again after filling. The transportation of CO2 pressure cartridges is also subject to safety regulations. CO2 pressure cartridges are usually equipped with an overpressure safety device to prevent excessive cartridge pressure and protect the CO2 pressure cartridge. Typically, overpressure protection is triggered at a cartridge pressure of approximately 58 bar.

For example, CO2 pressure cartridges with a CO2 fill of more than 50 grams are often not suitable for central warehousing due to national safety regulations and are therefore not suitable for national distribution with distribution to retailers. is not suitable.

In addition to the transportation and logistics issues mentioned above and the national safety regulations that must be met, the use of CO2 pressure cartridges has other drawbacks. To supply CO2 to the aquarium, additional technical equipment is required to reduce the cartridge pressure up to 58 bar. Therefore, the gas supply pressure, ie the pressure in the gas outlet device, must be reduced relative to the cartridge pressure, ie the pressure in the CO2 pressure cartridge. This is necessary in order to accurately adjust the amount of CO2 required and to ensure that the current does not swirl the tank in such a way that the animals living in the tank are harmed. Furthermore, animals living in aquariums are given too much CO2 and therefore too little oxygen, O2, due to uncontrolled CO2 supply, which can suffocate them. The pressure reducer used for this purpose further increases the cost of the CO2 cartridge system.

On the other hand, CO2 gas can be biologically produced on site, ie at the end user, and supplied to the aquarium to be supplied. For this purpose, CO2 fermentation systems are usually equipped with a fermentation vessel made of plastic, which is usually filled with a sugar-containing nutrient substrate. Adding yeast starts the fermentation process in which CO2 gas is released. The advantage of this process is that the CO2 pressure cartridge does not need to be filled and transported. The disadvantage is that the CO2 gas supply cannot be metered or can only be metered inappropriately, nor can the fermentation process be temporarily interrupted. Blocking the CO2 outflow would lead to an uncontrolled pressure build-up within the fermentation vessel. In the worst case, the pressure increase will even cause the fermentation vessel to burst. The CO2 gas produced by the fermentation process is fed from the fermentation vessel to the water tank without an inlet gas outlet device. Injection would lead to an excessive increase in pressure, since the fermentation process could produce more CO2 gas than is exhausted by the injected gas outlet device. Due to these drawbacks, the method ensures that no additional CO2 quantity is required to be injected or that CO2 over-injection is not possible due to the small amount of CO2 introduced in relation to the aquarium water. It is mainly used for aquariums with less demand. However, this means that the risk of persistent CO2 underinjection is imminent. The previously known fermentation processes are therefore also unsuitable for reliable pH regulation.

Based on this situation, the aim of the present invention is to provide an aquarium pressurized gas container that overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks.

In particular, the object relates to a low-cost aquarium pressurized gas container containing CO2 gas released into it, in which the CO2 gas supply to the aquarium can be shut off without high risk.

The object of the invention is achieved by the features of the independent main claim. Advantageous embodiments are provided in the dependent claims. Where technically possible, the teachings of dependent claims may be combined as desired with the teachings of the main claim and other dependent claims.

The object is therefore, in particular, an aquarium pressurized gas container for supplying an aquarium with CO2 gas produced therein, comprising:
- a receiving vessel having a receiving volume for receiving a mixture for fermentation, said mixture comprising mixing water, a nutrient substrate, and a reactant for interacting with said nutrient substrate; a receiving vessel, wherein the nutrient substrate and the reactant react with each other to produce CO2 gas;
- a closing device for hermetically sealing said receiving container;
- a gas outflow device for CO2 gas extraction, in particular shutoffable, from the aquarium pressurized gas container for the aquarium, wherein the CO2 gas has a gas supply pressure when entering the gas outflow device; , gas outflow device;
- a gas container pressure regulator configured to adjust gas container pressure such that it substantially matches said gas supply pressure;
The aquarium pressurized gas container is such that the receiving volume of the receiving container for the mixture comprising the mixed water, the nutrient substrate and the reactant is dependent on the aquarium water volume of the aquarium to be supplied with CO2. This is accomplished by a water tank pressurized gas container configured as follows.

Advantageous aspects of the claimed invention are explained below, and preferred variant embodiments of the invention are explained further below. Descriptions, particularly regarding advantages and definitions of features, are primarily descriptive and are preferred, but not limiting, examples. If the description is limiting, this will be explicitly mentioned.

In other words, aquarium pressurized gas containers for CO2 gas supply systems and CO2 gas supply systems themselves are available for supplying advanced aquariums with precise CO2 control and safe shutoff of CO2 gas supply. It is specifically envisioned that the following can be achieved. The CO2 gas supply system operates without the use of additional pressure reducers. This is because the gas container pressure generated in the aquarium pressurized gas container corresponds to the desired gas supply pressure for accurate CO2 gas delivery and therefore does not need to be reduced. In contrast, overpressure increases due to CO2 evolution can be reduced, for example, by means of gas container pressure regulators. Therefore, the gas container pressure and the gas supply pressure preferably always correspond to each other. The gas container pressure usually only decreases when the fermentation process starts or when the nutrient substrates, e.g. sugar-containing nutrient substrates, and/or the reactants, e.g. yeast, can no longer be used, in particular when they are exhausted. . In other words, the gas container pressure is reduced, especially at the beginning and/or end of the fermentation process.

The receiving vessel includes a space for receiving a nutrient substrate and a reactant that interacts with the nutrient substrate. In this respect, the receiving vessel may for example comprise within its space a separate, preferably removable, vessel for receiving a nutrient substrate and a reactant that interacts with said nutrient substrate. This facilitates exchange of nutrient substrates and reactants. However, it is alternatively possible that preferably the receiving vessel itself receives the nutrient substrate and the reactant, so that the nutrient substrate and the reactant are separated from the environment only by at least one wall of the receiving vessel.

The closing device for hermetically sealing the receiving container can be, for example, a lid. It may be completely removable or removable from the receiving container.

Alternatively, it is also possible, preferably, for the closure device to be connected to the receiving container in a movable, for example pivotable, manner.

Alternatively, the receiving container and the closing device are preferably configured such that the receiving container is provided with a recess, e.g. particularly laterally arranged, and the closing device is designed to cover this recess, e.g. as a gas-tight plate closure. can be done.

The function of the gas outflow device is to precisely regulate or meter the CO2 gas exiting the aquarium pressurized gas container and does not function as a pressure reducer. This occurs to a negligible extent if the gas container pressure is to be changed. The metering gas outlet device may be, by way of example, a needle valve. In particular, the gas outlet device is not provided with overpressure protection.

Having a gas supply pressure when the CO2 gas enters the gas outlet device refers to a pressure at which the CO2 gas can enter the aquarium without causing damage. The overall description should be interpreted such that the CO2 gas already has a gas supply pressure when it enters the gas outlet device. In other words, this means that no pressure reducer is arranged between the CO2 outlet area of the receiving vessel and/or the closure device and the gas outlet device. As a result, CO2 gas flows directly into the gas outlet device from the space in which the fermentation process takes place.

Gas container pressure regulators can be designed in various ways. However, what is important is that the gas container pressure regulator adjusts the gas container pressure to essentially match the desired gas supply pressure. In particular, the gas container pressure regulator may be permanently operable. In conventional CO2 pressure cartridges, for example, the pressure reducer reduces the gas container pressure to the gas supply pressure only when CO2 gas flows into the water tank, whereas the gas container pressure is permanently reduced by the gas container pressure regulator. Maintained at supply pressure.

The space in which the fermentation process takes place therefore does not experience gas container pressures that would interrupt the fermentation process, for example as a result of overpressure, even if the CO2 gas extraction is blocked by the gas outlet device. Thus, as soon as the gas container pressure is reached by the fermentation process started, the gas supply pressure is immediately available.

The fact that the gas container pressure substantially corresponds to the gas supply pressure means, in particular, that the deviation of the gas container pressure from the gas supply pressure is less than or equal to 20%, preferably less than or equal to 15%, particularly preferably less than or equal to 10%, and most preferably This means less than 5%. Here, preferably the gas container pressure can be viewed as a reference value. Alternatively, the gas supply pressure can be viewed as a reference value. Preferably, the gas container pressure and the gas supply pressure are equal. As the deviation decreases, CO2 gas can be better injected into the gas outlet device for entering the aquarium.

The pressure values are given here in units bar. In this context, the average air pressure of the atmosphere, also referred to as atmospheric pressure, is preferably 101325 Pa, or 101.325 kPa, or 1013.25 hPa, or 1 bar, as a reference value for ambient pressure at sea level.

According to the International System of Units (SI), 1 bar is exactly equal to 10 ⁵ Pascals, so this can be simplified and preferably assumed as atmospheric pressure.

Pressure values within the general disclosure may be suitably converted according to one of the above descriptions.

The pressure values are preferably applied at room temperature, particularly preferably at 21 degrees Celsius.

All percentage values are based on pressure values.

Gas container pressure and gas supply pressure are each considered to be overpressure in the context of the overall disclosure. This means that the preferred pressure should be applied above ambient pressure, which is typically 1 bar. For example, this means that a gas container pressure of 0.8 bar at an ambient pressure of 1 bar corresponds to a total gas container pressure of 1.8 bar. In particular, this applies to all gas container pressures and gas supply pressures.

Furthermore, this means in particular that the gas container pressure and the gas supply pressure are predetermined and limited to an upper limit by the gas container pressure regulator.

Advantageously, the nutrient substrate and/or the reactants themselves can be supplied to the aquarium pressurized gas container. Therefore, transportation of the aquarium pressurized gas container is not necessary.

Preferably, the nutrient substrate is a sugar-containing nutrient substrate. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred that the reactant is yeast. When the nutrient substrate is a sugar-containing nutrient substrate and the reactant is yeast, CO2 gas may be produced as part of the commonly known fermentation process. An advantage is that the nutritional substrates and reactants can be provided by domestically available means, eg sugar water and yeast. However, a gel-like sugar-containing nutrient matrix is advantageous since it produces CO2 gas more uniformly.

The invention therefore relates to an aquarium pressurized gas vessel as fermentation vessel for biological and/or chemical CO2 production, in particular by yeast. In this case, when the gas outflow device is shut off, it is possible to keep the generated CO2 gas under pressure in the aquarium pressurized gas container. This allows the gas outflow device to be shut off and opened as often as required for CO2 extraction. The CO2 gas produced in the aquarium pressurized gas container is therefore also reliably available for quantitatively determined CO2 addition. Fermentation processes or other processes for CO2 production can replace CO2 pressure cartridges for adding CO2 into the aquarium by using an aquarium pressurized gas container. Here, an increase in the gas container pressure above the desired gas supply pressure in the container is prevented, for example by one or more gas container pressure regulators. When used in the present invention, the gas container pressure regulator, specifically designed as a pressure relief valve, serves to preset the gas container pressure and does not serve to protect the aquarium pressurized gas container. The CO2 gas produced is preset to a gas supply pressure that is advantageous for further use. In this case, excess CO2 gas is released into the ambient air by the gas container pressure regulator, thus maintaining the gas container pressure at a uniform level.

Compared to CO2 cartridge systems, the overpressure that builds up within the aquarium pressurized gas container is low, so periodic inspection of the container regarding national safety regulations is not required. The present invention solves the storage and transportation problem in that after the ingredients for CO2 production in the container are consumed, the contents of the container can be easily replaced to start the renewal of CO2 production. do. The ingredients to be supplemented are common in households and are not subject to storage and transportation restrictions.

The combination of two known systems, namely the known CO2 production by means of a nutrient substrate and the initially mentioned known system with the CO2 pressure cartridge, and the conventional overpressure protection, results in the aquarium pressurization of the present invention. Does not work with gas containers. Gas container pressure will rise steadily. However, conventional cost-intensive pressure reducers may also be required due to high gas container pressures. This is because otherwise the gas supply pressure and therefore the CO2 gas supply into the aquarium would be too high.

In other words, the idea can be presented that the principle of bottle fermentation is used in a modified way to supply CO2 gas in the aquarium.

One aspect of the invention provides that a gas container pressure regulator is used as a pressure reducer, the pressure reducer preferably adjusting the overpressure of the gas container to an overpressure of 0.6 bar to 1.0 bar, particularly preferably 0.8 bar or less relative to the ambient pressure. The key is to limit the pressure. The gas container pressure regulated in the proposed method allows CO2 gas to be stored to a limited extent, as much as is essentially allowed by the receiving container, and also allows the CO2 gas supply to the aquarium to be , allowing for reliably adjustable fine-tuning options. Furthermore, CO2 diffusers with a flow resistance of, for example, 0.3 to 0.6 bar as overpressure relative to the ambient pressure can be operated without problems.

In a closed water bath pressurized gas vessel without overpressure protection and with nutrient substrates and reactants, the constantly increasing gas vessel pressure may cause the final will stop CO2 production. In the worst case, in particular, the nutrient substrate and/or the reactants can be affected by high gas container pressures in such a way that even with a subsequent reduction in gas container pressure, CO2 production is no longer possible; As a result, at least partial exchange of the nutrient substrate and/or reactant may be necessary. The use of a gas container pressure regulator prevents such an uncontrolled increase in the CO2 content in the aquarium pressurized gas container and therefore allows CO2 production to continue for a longer period of time, up to e.g. 30-40 days. make it possible to In particular, the limiting factor for maintaining the functionality of the microorganisms used is not the increasing CO2 content of the liquid contained in the container, which kills the microorganisms, but the alcohol content that accumulates or is contained therein. It is a depletion of nutrients. The liquid volume is such that the maximum accumulated alcohol content is also not a limiting factor and therefore the entire nutrient content from the liquid can be used for CO2 production before microorganisms die due to lack of nutrients, for example. can be determined in a suitable manner.

In particular, the aquarium pressurized gas container corresponds to an ideal, or nearly ideal, or approximately ideal initial pressure for metering CO2 gas by a downstream gas outlet device as a metering device. One or more gas container pressure regulators may be provided, preconfigured to create an overpressure within the aquarium pressurized gas container.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the gas container pressure or gas supply pressure is not permanently applied. Insofar as pressure or reaction is mentioned, this applies provided that the nutrient substrate and reactants result in stable CO2 production, unless logic suggests otherwise. Substantially, the course of CO2 production corresponds to a Gaussian curve. In a water tank pressurized gas container, the course of the gas container pressure is somewhat more stable in a moderate range. As soon as the nutrient substrate and reactants are added together into the aquarium pressurized gas container, fermentation and thus CO2 production begins immediately. Once the desired gas container pressure or gas supply pressure is reached, it remains generally stable within the aquarium pressurized gas container. As soon as the fermentation components are consumed, the amount of CO2 produced decreases.

In other words, the amount of aquarium water in the aquarium to be supplied with CO2 has a direct effect on the dimensions of the aquarium pressurized gas container.

In particular, the nutritional substrate, especially the sugar, the reactant, especially the yeast, and the liquid are mixed to form a mixture. The liquid is preferably water, particularly preferably drinking water. The liquid is also referred to below as mixed water. The mixture releases CO2 through its fermentation process.

Basically, water is divided into aquarium water and mixed water. While mixed water is defined above, aquarium water is, for example, water in an aquarium inhabited by fish or other aquatic organisms and/or aquatic plants.

However, since only the term water may be used, the meaning of either aquarium water or mixed water is determined by the overall context.

In other words, the term volume refers to size or capacity. Preferred units are liters, alternatively kilograms.

Preferably, in particular the amount of nutrient substrate and/or reactant is measured in grams, and/or preferably the volume of mixing water and/or the volume of aquarium water in the aquarium is measured in liters, weight percent or volume percent. and liters are particularly preferred.

It is currently not envisaged that the aquarium, nutrient substrate, reactants, mixing water and/or aquarium water in the aquarium are part of the protection scope. Nevertheless, preferably one or more of these may be included as part of the protection scope.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is assumed that the receiving volume of the receiving container corresponds linearly to the aquarium water volume of the aquarium. Preferably, this also applies to the amount of nutrient substrate, reactants and/or mixing water to be supplied into the receiving volume of the receiving vessel. Surprisingly, it has been found that scaling certain preferred ratios allows for a stable supply of CO2 regardless of the size of the aquarium. For example, when determining a particular ratio of mixture components, aquarium pressurized gas container volume and/or aquarium water volume, it can be chosen such that a nearly optimal gas supply pressure is always achieved, so that the gas There is little need for CO2 to be released via a vessel pressure regulator. It has been found that the optimal ratio is scalable and the overall ratio once determined for a particular nutrient substrate can be used for different aquarium pressurized gas container volumes and/or aquarium water volumes.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, the receiving volume of the receiving container is in the same multiple of 1.0 liters to 1.5 liters for aquariums with aquarium water volumes in multiples of 100 liters and 150 liters. It is assumed that In this embodiment, the receiving volume preferably includes multiples of 100 grams to 300 grams of sugar, multiples of 0.25 grams to 0.75 grams of yeast, and multiples of 0.75 liters to 1.25 liters. Configured to receive mixed water. This is a very good ratio to suitable receiving volume for the sugar, yeast and mixed water mixture, consistent CO2 supply and fish-friendly and plant-friendly gas supply pressure in different aquarium sizes. It was found that it provides the following. This solution is also sustainable as no sugar or yeast ferments beyond uneconomical levels. The resulting CO2 pressure slightly exceeds the gas supply pressure.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is assumed that the receiving volume of the receiving container is the same multiple of 1.3 liters for an aquarium with an aquarium water volume that is a multiple of 125 liters. In this embodiment, the receiving volume is preferably configured to receive equal multiples of 250 grams of sugar, equal multiples of 0.5 grams of yeast, and equal multiples of 1.0 liters of mixed water. . This is the optimal ratio to adequate receiving volume for the sugar, yeast and mixed water mixture, providing consistent CO2 supply and fish-friendly and plant-friendly gas supply pressure across different aquarium sizes. It was discovered that. This solution is also sustainable as no sugar or yeast ferments beyond uneconomical levels. The resulting CO2 pressure slightly exceeds the gas supply pressure.

In other words, the liter ratio of the volume of aquarium water in the aquarium to the receiving volume of the receiving container is 125:1.3.

If sugar, yeast and mixed water are to be added to the receiving volume as well, the volume in liters of aquarium water in the aquarium, the receiving volume in liters of the receiving vessel, the sugar in grams, in grams The ratio of yeast to mixed water in liters is 125:1.3:250:0.5:1.0.

The aquarium water and/or mixed water is particularly suitable as drinking water and/or tap water. Alternatively, distilled water can be used. Exemplary yeasts preferably utilize water for survival and reaction. Therefore, it is desirable to use clean water, especially drinking water, free of impurities.

Reference to "essentially" is meant to include deviations of 10% or less from the specified ratio. However, the specified ratio itself is particularly preferred.

The specification of "multiples" suggests that these quantities can preferably be scaled either upward or downward. In particular, these quantities include, individually or for several values, a respective deviation of at least plus/minus 10%.

Indications of quantities by weight or volume are understood in the context of the present patent application not only as indicated values, but also as multiples of these values.

Thus, values such as 1 and 0.6 may also mean 3 and 1.8 by a multiple of 3, for example. Similarly, by the exemplary multiple 0.5 they may also mean 0.5 and 0.9.

As an example, for an aquarium with an aquarium water volume of 200 liters to 300 liters, 400 grams to 600 grams of sugar, 0.5 grams to 1.5 grams of yeast, and 1.5 liters to 2.5 liters. of mixed water and/or an aquarium gas container with an aquarium gas container volume of 2.0 liters to 3.0 liters (in each case inclusive).

Particularly preferably, for an aquarium with an aquarium water volume of 125 liters, 250 grams of sugar, 0.5 grams of yeast and 1.0 liters of mixed water and/or a 1.3 liter aquarium gas container. A water tank gas container with a volume is used (in each case including both ends).

If an aquarium with an aquarium water volume of 250 liters is illustratively scaled by a factor of 2, then 500 grams of sugar, 1.0 grams of yeast and 2.0 liters of mixed water, and/or a 2.3 liter aquarium. A water tank pressure gas container with a gas container volume is used (in each case including both ends). In this case, an aquarium pressure gas container with a 2.3 liter aquarium pressure gas container volume constitutes 90 percent of the multiplier 2, resulting in 2.34 liters, which rounds down to 2.3 liters. Optionally, a 2.6 liter aquarium pressure gas container volume is also preferred.

If an aquarium with an aquarium water volume of 500 liters is illustratively scaled by a factor of 4, then 1000 grams of sugar, 2.0 grams of yeast and 4.0 liters of mixed water, and/or a 5.2 liter aquarium. A water tank gas container with a gas container volume is used (in each case including both ends).

In principle, a demand-based production rate of CO2 can be achieved using the above information. In light of the knowledge that the production rate depends on the amount of the mixture used, e.g. sugar, yeast and mixed water, the demand-based production rate can be determined by e.g. the volume of the aquarium pressure gas container modified for each different aquarium water volume. This is achieved by using the size together with the amount of nutritional substrate contained therein in a correspondingly modified manner as well.

This means that more nutrient substrate increases CO2 production, or less nutrient substrate results in a decrease in production rate.

Due to the design of the aquarium pressure gas container to supply the CO2 gas produced in the aquarium pressure gas container to the aquarium, once the predetermined gas supply pressure is reached, the excess CO2 produced will be removed by adjusting the gas container pressure. released into the environment through containers. Since the amount of CO2 produced is highly dependent on the volume of the mixture used, including in particular mixed water, sugar and yeast, for different size categories of aquariums the aquarium pressure gas container volume and/or Alternatively, it has proven advantageous to use a water tank pressure gas container with a corresponding amount of nutrient substrate. The advantage of this variant is that at least approximately the required amount of CO2 is produced in each tank pressure gas container, so that only a small amount of excess CO2 is discharged into the environment, preferably by means of a gas container pressure regulator. be.

Another advantage of the whole concept is that the risk of CO2 overfilling in the aquarium is minimized, as long as the CO2 production, for example based on the above values, hardly exceeds the actual demand. The proper If a properly selected aquarium pressure gas container with a nutrient substrate is used in advance, serious damage with a lasting effect will not occur. As a result, the risk of errors is greatly reduced and the operability is greatly simplified, even for inexperienced users, and the safety of the organisms in the aquarium is increased.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, the gas container pressure regulator is provided such that the gas container pressure has an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure of at least 0.3 bar, preferably at least 0.5 bar, particularly preferably at least 0.6 bar. It is assumed that the This corresponds to a preferred gas supply pressure to supply sufficient CO2 gas to the aquarium. Since the gas container pressure and the gas supply pressure substantially correspond to each other, the advantageously designed gas container pressure regulator makes it possible to supply sufficient CO2 into the aquarium.

Alternatively, it is preferably provided that the gas container pressure regulator is configured such that the gas container pressure has an overpressure of 0.8 bar or more relative to the ambient pressure. It has been found that this is a particularly favorable value for optimally supplying CO2 gas to the aquarium, so that a pH value favorable for the ecosystem is set in conventional aquariums.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, the gas container pressure regulator is arranged such that the gas container pressure has an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure of less than or equal to 3.0 bar, preferably less than or equal to 1.0 bar, particularly preferably less than or equal to 0.9 bar. It is assumed that the This corresponds to a preferred gas supply pressure to supply sufficient CO2 gas to the aquarium. Since the gas container pressure and the gas supply pressure essentially match each other, an advantageously designed gas container pressure regulator can avoid swirling the water in the aquarium in a manner that is detrimental to the ecosystem, or Allows an optimal CO2 supply to the aquarium without adversely affecting the pH value due to excess CO2 gas.

Alternatively, it is preferably provided that the gas container pressure regulator is configured such that the gas container pressure has an overpressure of 0.8 bar or less relative to the ambient pressure. It has been found that this is a particularly favorable value for optimally supplying CO2 gas into the aquarium, so that a pH value favorable for the ecosystem is set in conventional aquariums.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the gas outlet device comprises a needle valve. A preferred needle valve is a type of valve with a small orifice and a threaded needle-shaped plunger. It allows precise regulation of the flow. The plunger can be moved longitudinally by a screw. Therefore, the needle-shaped tip only slightly enlarges or reduces the opening of the valve. This is because the needle has to be moved over a relatively large distance even for small changes. Due to the small taper angle of the needle, a very sensitive adjustment of the flow rate is thus achieved. A packing-sealed valve is a dynamically sealed valve. A dynamic seal means that relative movement between the seal body (shaft/ball/plug) and the sealing material is possible. The latter is also called packing. Typical sealing materials are O-rings made of Teflon or Perbunan, Viton, EPR/EPDM, Kalrez or PEEK for standard valves. These types of valves have a silicone-based lubricant from the factory. This increases packing life, minimizes wear within the valve, and reduces required operating torque.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the gas container pressure regulator is provided with a safety valve. Preferred safety valves, also called pressure relief valves, belong to safety fittings according to DIN EN 806-1 or DIN 3211 and protect pressurized water tanks and pressurized gas containers from undesired gas container pressure increases. Standard is intended to mean the currently valid version, but at least according to the version on the date of application. Once a predetermined vessel pressure is exceeded, CO2 gas is exhausted into the atmosphere or into the collection pipeline.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the aquarium pressurized gas container is equipped with an opening safety device in order to adjust the gas container pressure to the ambient pressure in case of activation. If the aquarium pressurized gas container is under pressure, opening can be difficult or even dangerous. However, when the opening safety device is activated, the gas container pressure drops to ambient pressure so that the closure device can be opened without increasing the risk.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, the aquarium pressurized gas container is reusable, in particular the receiving container can be reclosed in a gas-tight manner by means of a closure device. It is particularly environmentally friendly. Typically, fermentation vessels are disposable. Due to the fact that the closure device is airtightly reclosable, the aquarium pressurized gas container can be reused in an environmentally friendly manner.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the closure device is in the form of a screw-on lid. This allows a suitable embodiment of the aquarium pressurized gas container, while allowing a reliable seal even after many gas supply cycles.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the closure device is formed as a snap-on lid. Preferably, the snap-on lid comprises a movable closure clip that interacts in a form-fitting manner with a correspondingly formed receiving container. This form-fitting principle has been found to advantageously seal the aquarium pressurized gas container, even at low pressures. In particular, the snap-on lid comprises a rotating closing mechanism, preferably arranged coaxially with the closing device, ie having the same axis of rotation. When the rotary closure mechanism is actuated, the closure clamp tightens or loosens the connection between the receiving container and the closure device. This allows easy operation of the aquarium pressurized gas container, while allowing a reliable seal even after many gas supply cycles.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is assumed that the gas outlet device is provided with a shut-off mechanism for stopping the CO2 gas extraction. The blocking mechanism may be operated, for example, when the plants in the aquarium do not receive sunlight for photosynthesis, such as at night. This can prevent the pH value in the aquarium from developing unfavorably, especially since the plants may even emit CO2 gas at night. Thereby, the increasing gas container pressure can be regulated by the gas container pressure regulator.

Illustratively, the shutoff mechanism may include a motorized solenoid valve. A solenoid valve may be provided as an alternative to or in addition to the isolation mechanism.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is assumed that the gas outlet device comprises a gas supply bubble detection device for detecting the amount of CO2 gas entering the gas outlet device. The gas supply bubble detection device may be, for example, a bubble counter. Bubble counters are conventionally used in chemical laboratories in experimental work with gases to check the strength of gas flows. Bubbles of uniform size come out of the inlet tube and can be counted if the gas flow is not too large. The number of bubbles per period is a measure of the amount of CO2 gas flowing through the device. If the number of bubbles per period decreases, this means that the nutrient substrate and/or the reactants are producing less CO2 gas due to their progressive reduction until they no longer produce any CO2 gas. It can be shown that For example, if one bubble is detected every two seconds instead of every second, the end user can infer from it that fresh nutrient substrate and/or fresh reactant should be obtained. This ensures that the time without CO2 generation is minimized. The bubble-by-bubble injection also aids in the precise operation of the CO2 diffuser, which allows for a constant CO2 saturation of the aquarium water due to the previously calculated injection delivered via the amount of bubbles per unit time. enable.

The shutoff mechanism may be placed in the assembly with the gas supply bubble detection device, by way of example.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the gas outlet device is arranged in the receiving vessel such that the CO2 gas can flow from the receiving vessel into the gas outlet device. The closed device can be opened more easily to exchange nutrient substrates and/or reactants without using gas egress devices as bulky components.

Alternatively or additionally, the gas outlet device can be arranged in the closure device so that CO2 gas can flow from the closure device to the gas outlet device. This is a particularly useful embodiment if the closure device is designed as a top cover so that the gas outlet device is easily accessible from above.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, in the closed state of the aquarium pressurized gas container, the receiving container is closed in a gas-tight manner by the gas container pressure which forces the seal into the connection area between the receiving container and the closure device. It is assumed that the aquarium pressurized gas container is provided with a circumferentially arranged seal in the connection area between the receiving container and the closure device. It has been found that this type of sealing system, which seals well especially at high pressures, allows a long-lasting seal. In this context, the seal arranged circumferentially in the connection region between the receiving container and the closure device can be understood as a ring. This ring presses itself into the contact gap between the receiving container and the closure device. The higher the gas container pressure, the more firmly the ring is pushed radially outwards and thus into the contact gap.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, the gas outlet device and the gas container pressure regulator are arranged in a common module connected to the receiving container and/or the closing device. In particular, the modules are replaceable. Therefore, if a module is defective, it can be easily replaced. Furthermore, this increases the functionality of the aquarium pressurized gas container. For example, the required amount of CO2 gas supplied may depend on the plants and/or organisms, especially fish, present in the aquarium. In this case, the replacement or insertion of the necessary modules can provide a technically unsophisticated end user with a simple and less likely cause of failure solution.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the gas container pressure regulator is connected to the receiving container and/or to the closing device. In the receiving container, the gas container pressure regulator does not move, so that the risk of damage when the closure device formed as a lid is released from the aquarium pressurized gas container is reduced. In contrast, a gas container pressure regulator in a closure device can be more easily replaced if necessary, for example to set a new gas container pressure or gas supply pressure.

Furthermore, a CO2 gas supply system comprising an aquarium pressurized gas container according to any one of the aforementioned characteristics is advantageous, the CO2 gas supply system supplying the aquarium with CO2 gas generated in the aquarium pressurized gas container. a CO2 gas supply line connected to a gas outlet device for the CO2 gas supply line, the CO2 gas supply line being configured to be immersed in the water tank at the end remote from the gas outlet means.

Preferably, the CO2 gas supply line is provided with a CO2 diffuser at its end remote from the gas outlet device, the CO2 diffuser particularly preferably having a flow resistance of at least 0.3 bar and at most 0.6 bar, as an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure. It is possible to operate with It has been found that this allows the CO2 gas to be better dissolved in the aquarium water.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by means of preferred examples of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic side view of a CO2 cartridge system with a CO2 pressure cartridge for CO2 gas supply of an aquarium according to a first prior art; FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a CO2 fermentation system with a fermentation vessel for CO2 gas supply of an aquarium according to a second prior art; FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a CO2 gas supply system comprising an aquarium pressurized gas container for CO2 gas supply of an aquarium according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an aquarium pressurized gas container according to a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aquarium pressurized gas container is designed to replace the aquarium pressurized gas container according to FIG. 3; FIG. 5 shows an alternative schematic side view of the aquarium pressurized gas container according to FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the aquarium pressurized gas container according to FIGS. 4 and 5; FIG.

The exemplary embodiments described are only examples that may be modified and/or supplemented in various ways within the scope of the claims. Each feature described for a particular example embodiment may be used independently or in combination with other features in any other example embodiment. Any feature described for an example embodiment of a particular claim category may be used in a corresponding manner in an example embodiment of another claim category.

FIG. 1 shows a previously known CO2 cartridge system as a CO2 gas supply system 28.

FIG. 2 shows a previously known fermentation system as a CO2 gas supply system 28.

FIG. 3 shows a CO2 gas supply system 28 according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Here, the CO2 gas supply system 28 according to FIG. 3 comprises the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows an aquarium pressurized gas container 10 according to a second embodiment, which can also be used in a CO2 gas supply system 28 according to FIG. 4 and 5 show the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 according to embodiment 2 in side view in two different rotated positions. FIG. 6 shows an aquarium pressurized gas container 10 according to a second embodiment in a top view.

FIG. 1 shows a CO2 cartridge system as a CO2 gas supply system 28, with a CO2 pressure cartridge as the aquarium pressurized gas container 10. The aquarium pressurized gas container 10 serves to supply the aquarium 12 with CO2 gas from a CO2 pressure cartridge, which is formed as a receiving vessel 14 filled with CO2 gas. The receiving container 14 is closed in a gas-tight manner by means of a closing device 16 . The CO2 pressure cartridge is equipped with a 58-bar pressure relief valve 34 to prevent excessive cartridge pressure p_G and protect the CO2 pressure cartridge. Typically, the 58-bar pressure relief valve 34 is triggered at a cartridge pressure p_G of approximately 58 bar. In order to reduce this cartridge pressure p_G, the gas outlet device 18 for CO2 gas extraction from the CO2 pressure cartridge for the aquarium 12 is installed in a cost-intensive manner so that the cartridge pressure p_G is significantly reduced and reaches the gas supply pressure p_B. Equipped with a pressure reducer. The gas supply pressure p_B is many times smaller than the cartridge pressure p_G. The CO2 cartridge system includes a CO2 gas supply line 30 connected to the gas outlet device 18 for supplying CO2 gas to the aquarium 12. In this regard, the CO2 gas supply line 30 is configured to be immersed within the water tank 12 at the end remote from the gas outlet device 18. A shutoff mechanism 18a may be used to stop CO2 gas extraction from the CO2 pressure cartridge. Once the CO2 gas has completely flowed out of the CO2 pressure cartridge, the CO2 pressure cartridge is moved to the CO2 filling station and refilled with CO2 gas.

FIG. 2 shows a CO2 gas supply system configured as a fermentation system, including a fermentation vessel configured as an aquarium pressurized gas container 10 for supplying CO2 gas generated in the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 to an aquarium 12. 28 is shown. The fermentation system includes a receiving vessel 14 for receiving a mixture, the mixture comprising water, also referred to as mixing water, a nutrient substrate, and a reactant for interacting with the nutrient substrate, where the nutrient substrate and the reactant are in contact with each other. Reacts to produce CO2 gas. However, since the CO2 gas immediately flows out, the gas container pressure p_G does not increase within the fermentation container. Furthermore, the fermentation system comprises a closing device 16 for closing the receiving vessel 14. The closure device 16 is further configured as a gas outlet device 18 for extracting CO2 gas from the fermentation vessel for the aquarium 12, the CO2 gas flowing into the gas outlet device 18 at a gas supply corresponding to the gas container pressure p_G. with pressure p_B. The fermentation system does not include a shutoff mechanism as this could rupture the fermentation vessel. The fermentation system includes a CO2 gas supply line 30 connected to the gas outflow device 18 for supplying the CO2 gas produced in the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 to the aquarium 12, the CO2 gas supply line 30 It is configured to be immersed into the water tank 12 at the end remote from the outflow device 18 .

FIG. 3 illustrates a preferred exemplary embodiment of a CO2 gas supply system 28 that includes an exemplary aquarium pressurized gas container 10. As shown in FIG.

The aquarium pressurized gas container 10 is configured to supply CO2 gas generated within the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 to the aquarium 12.

For this purpose, the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 comprises:
- a receiving vessel 14 having a receiving volume for receiving a mixture for fermentation, the mixture comprising mixing water, a nutrient substrate and a reactant for interacting with the nutrient substrate; and a reactant react with each other to produce CO2 gas; a receiving vessel;
- a closing device 16 for hermetically sealing the receiving container 14;
- a gas outflow device 18 for CO2 gas extraction from an aquarium pressurized gas container 10 for an aquarium 12, wherein the CO2 gas has a gas supply pressure p_B when entering the gas outflow device 18; 18;
- a gas container pressure regulator 20 for regulating a gas container pressure p_G substantially equal to the gas supply pressure p_B;

The aquarium pressurized gas container 10 is configured such that the receiving volume of the receiving vessel 14 for mixed water, nutrient substrate and reactants depends on the aquarium water volume of the aquarium 12 to be supplied with CO2.

Figure 3 shows a preferred exemplary embodiment, where for an aquarium 12 having an aquarium water capacity that is a multiple of 125 liters, the receiving volume of the receiving vessel 14 is the same multiple of 1.3 liters. Additionally, the receiving volume is configured to receive equal multiples of 250 grams of sugar, equal multiples of 0.5 grams of yeast, and equal multiples of 1.0 liter of mixed water.

The CO2 gas supply system 28 further includes a CO2 gas supply line 30 connected to the gas outlet device 18 for supplying the CO2 gas generated in the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 to the aquarium 12, and includes a CO2 gas supply line 30 connected to the gas outlet device 18. The line 30 is configured to be immersed within the water tank 12 at the end remote from the gas outlet device 18 .

Preferably, the CO2 gas supply line 30 is equipped at its end remote from the gas outlet device 18 with a CO2 diffuser 32, which particularly preferably has an overpressure of 0.3 bar or more 0.6 relative to the ambient pressure p_U. Can operate with flow resistance below bar.

It is further provided that the gas container pressure regulator 20 is designed such that the gas container pressure p_G is an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure p_U of less than or equal to 0.3 bar, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 bar, particularly preferably less than or equal to 0.6 bar. Preferably, but not presented in more detail.

It is further preferred that the gas container pressure regulator 20 is designed such that the gas container pressure p_G is less than or equal to 3.0 bar, preferably less than or equal to 1.0 bar, particularly preferably less than or equal to 0.9 bar, although this is not provided in more detail.

Particularly preferably, although not shown, the gas container pressure regulator 20 is designed such that the gas container pressure p_G is 0.8 bar as an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure p_U. Stated another way, as a comprehensive example, the gas container pressure p_G is 0.8 bar higher than the ambient pressure p_U.

Further preferably, although not presented in more detail, the gas outlet device 18 is provided with a needle valve and/or the gas container pressure regulator 20 is provided with a safety valve.

According to FIGS. 3 to 6, the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 is preferably equipped with an opening safety device 22 in order to adjust the gas container pressure p_G to the ambient pressure p_U during its operation.

According to FIGS. 3 to 6, the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 is preferably reusable, in particular the receiving container 14 can be reclosed in a gas-tight manner by means of a closing device 16.

According to FIG. 3, the closure device 16 is preferably designed as a screw-on lid.

According to FIGS. 4 to 6, the closure device 16 is preferably designed as a snap-on lid, preferably with a rotating closure mechanism 24.

According to FIGS. 3 to 6, the gas outlet device 18 preferably comprises a shutoff mechanism 18a for stopping the CO2 gas extraction. .

According to FIGS. 4-6, the gas outflow device 18 preferably comprises a gas supply bubble detection device 26 for detecting the amount of CO2 gas entering the gas outflow device 18.

According to FIGS. 3 to 6, the gas outlet device 18 is preferably arranged in the closure device 16 so that CO2 gas can flow from the closure device 16 into the gas outlet device 18.

More preferably, when the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 is closed, the gas container pressure p_G forces the seal into the connection area between the receiving container 14 and the closure device 16, so that a hermetic sealing of the receiving container 14 occurs. As such, the aquarium pressurized gas container 10 includes a seal arranged circumferentially in the connection area between the receiving container 14 and the closure device 16, but not presented in more detail.

Further preferably, the gas outlet device 18 and the gas container pressure regulator 20 are arranged in a common module connected to the receiving container 14 and/or the closing device 16, but this is not presented in more detail.

According to FIGS. 4 to 6, a gas container pressure regulator 20 is preferably connected to the closure device 16.

The gas outlet device 18 may include a shutoff mechanism 18a. However, this is an optional embodiment and is independent of other features.

Gas outlet device 18 may include a gas container pressure regulator 20 . However, this is an optional embodiment and is independent of other features.

Gas outlet device 18 may include an opening safety device 22 . However, this is an optional embodiment and is independent of other features.

10 Water tank pressurized gas container 12 Water tank 14 Receiving container 16 Closing device 18 Gas outflow device 18a Closing mechanism 20 Gas container pressure regulator 22 Opening safety device 24 Rotary closing mechanism 26 Bubble counting device 28 CO2 gas supply system 30 CO2 gas supply line 32 CO2 diffuser 34 58 bar pressure relief valve
p_B Gas supply pressure
p_G Gas container pressure
p_U Ambient pressure

Claims (18)

An aquarium pressurized gas container for supplying CO2 gas generated in the aquarium pressurized gas container (10) to an aquarium (12),
- a receiving vessel (14) with a receiving volume for receiving a mixture for fermentation, said mixture containing mixed water, a nutrient substrate and a reactant for interacting with said nutrient substrate; a receiving vessel (14), wherein the nutrient substrate and the reactant react with each other to produce CO2 gas;
- closing means (16) for closing said receiving container (14) in an airtight manner;
- a gas outflow device (18) for in particular interruptible CO2 gas extraction from the aquarium pressurized gas container (10) for the aquarium (12), wherein the CO2 gas is removed from the gas outflow device (12); a gas outlet device (18) having a gas supply pressure (p_B) when entering 18); and
- a gas container pressure regulator (20) configured to adjust a gas container pressure (p_G) such that it substantially corresponds to said gas supply pressure (p_B);
Equipped with
The aquarium pressurized gas container (10) is configured such that the receiving volume of the receiving container (14) for the mixture depends on the aquarium water volume of the aquarium (12) to be supplied with CO2. Aquarium pressurized gas container. Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, wherein the receiving volume of the receiving vessel (14) corresponds linearly to the aquarium water volume of the aquarium (12). the receiving volume of the receiving container (14) is in the same multiple of 1.0 liters to 1.5 liters for an aquarium (12) having an aquarium water volume in multiples of 100 liters to 150 liters;
Preferably, the receiving volume receives sugar in multiples of 100 grams to 300 grams, yeast in multiples of 0.25 grams to 0.75 grams, and mixed water in multiples of 0.75 liters to 1.25 liters. The aquarium pressurized gas container of claim 1, configured to. the receiving volume of the receiving vessel (14) is the same multiple of 1.3 liters for an aquarium (12) having an aquarium water volume of a multiple of 125 liters;
Preferably, the receiving volume is configured to receive equal multiples of 250 grams of sugar, equal multiples of 0.5 grams of yeast, and equal multiples of 1.0 liter of mixed water. Aquarium pressurized gas container described in . The gas container pressure regulator (20) is designed such that the gas container pressure (p_G) is in excess of the ambient pressure by at least 0.3 bar, preferably at least 0.5 bar, particularly preferably at least 0.6 bar. The aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1. The gas container pressure regulator (20) is designed such that the gas container pressure (p_G) is an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure of less than 3.0 bar, preferably less than 1.0 bar, particularly preferably less than 0.9 bar. The aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1. Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, wherein the gas outlet device (18) comprises a needle valve and/or the gas container pressure regulator (20) comprises a safety valve. Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, comprising an opening safety device (22) for regulating the gas container pressure (p_G) to ambient pressure (p_U) during operation. Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, which is reusable, in particular, the receiving container (14) being reclosable in a gas-tight manner by the closing device (16). Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, wherein the closing device (16) is designed as a screw-on lid or as a snap-on lid, preferably with a rotating closing mechanism (24). Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, wherein the gas outlet device (18) comprises a shut-off mechanism (18a) for stopping the CO2 gas extraction. Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, wherein the gas outflow device (18) comprises a gas supply bubble detection device (26) for detecting the amount of CO2 gas flowing into the gas outflow device (18). . The gas outlet device (18) extends into the receiving vessel (14) so that the CO2 gas can flow from the receiving vessel (14) and/or from the closure device (16) into the gas outlet device (18). 2. Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, wherein the aquarium pressurized gas container is/or is arranged on the closure device (16). a seal arranged circumferentially in the connection area between the receiving vessel (14) and the closing device (16), in the closed state of the aquarium pressurized gas vessel (10), the gas vessel pressure ( p_G) presses the seal into the coupling region between the receiving container (14) and the closure device (16), whereby a gas-tight closure of the receiving container (14) is obtained. Aquarium pressurized gas container as described. 1 . The gas outlet device ( 18 ) and the gas container pressure regulator ( 20 ) are arranged in a common module connected to the receiving container ( 14 ) and/or to the closure device ( 16 ). Aquarium pressurized gas container described in . Aquarium pressurized gas container according to claim 1, wherein the gas container pressure regulator (20) is connected to the receiving container (14) and/or the closure device (16). A CO2 gas supply system (28) comprising an aquarium pressurized gas container (10) according to claim 1,
comprising a CO2 gas supply line (30) connected to the gas outlet device (18) for supplying the CO2 gas generated in the water tank pressurized gas container (10) to the water tank (12);
A CO2 gas supply system (28), wherein the CO2 gas supply line (30) is configured to be immersed in the water tank (12) at the end remote from the gas outlet device (18). Said CO2 gas supply line (30) comprises a CO2 diffuser (32) at its end remote from said gas outlet device (18), said CO2 diffuser (32) preferably under overpressure relative to ambient pressure. 18. The CO2 gas supply system (28) according to claim 17, operable with a flow resistance of 0.3 bar or more and 0.6 bar or less.