JP3241640B2 - Mounting method of interior product support structure in vehicle structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION claims invention, the inside of the vehicle body structure made of a composite of plastic, to a method of Fit the structure for supporting the various interior parts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 5, a conventional general vehicle structure has a so-called semi-monocoque structure made of metal. That is, a metal outer plate 4 also made of an aluminum alloy or the like is provided outside a metal frame 42 made of an aluminum alloy or the like.
The structure is constituted by attaching 1. In order to manufacture a structure as shown in the figure, a metal frame 42 is first assembled, a metal outer plate 41 is applied to the outside thereof, the outer plate is hit with a hammer or the like, and the outer plate is moved along the frame. The two are integrated. In the process, the surface of the outer plate is uneven, so putty is applied to flatten the surface, and the surface is polished smoothly to finish.

[0003] In recent years, there has been a proposal among vehicle technicians to convert a vehicle structure to plastic. The metal semi-monocoque structure as shown in FIG. 5 has disadvantages such as the above-mentioned integration between the frame and the outer plate and considerable work required for finishing the surface. The aim is to reduce the number of man-hours. The plasticization of the structure is particularly significant for a high-speed leading vehicle (or a trailing vehicle having a similar shape. The same applies hereinafter). Unlike other vehicles, which are mostly composed of flat or cylindrical surfaces, the leading vehicle of a high-speed car is mainly a three-dimensional curved surface, so if you have a metal semi-monocoque structure as before, This is because enormous man-hours are required for such integration and finishing.

[0004] The inventors of the present invention have found that, based on previous studies and researches, FRP has been used as a plastic vehicle structure.
We believe that it is better to use a composite material having a sandwich structure in which a core made of a plastic foam material is laminated between skins of inner and outer layers made of (fiber reinforced plastic). In such a composite material, the inner and outer layer skins mainly have strength against in-plane tension, bending, and shearing, and these are combined with the action of a core having a considerable thickness to make out-of-plane bending. Exhibits rigidity against Therefore, even if other frames are not integrated, such a composite material can form a vehicle structure having necessary strength. Note that there are Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Hei 5-345567 and Hei 7-96833 as reference conventional techniques for a high-speed vehicle using a composite material.

[0005]

The interior of the vehicle structure, that is, the wall surface on the vehicle cabin side, needs to be fitted with interior parts and the electric wiring to be run along. Therefore, a structure for supporting and fixing them is required. Must be provided. As the structure, a screw member (that is, a nut, a bolt, or another component including a screw portion) is provided inside the structure, and the interior component or its support tool is detachable using the screw of the member. Is preferably attached.

If the structure is made of metal as shown in FIG. 5, it is easy to attach the above-mentioned screw member to a part of the frame by welding (or screwing). It is difficult with such composite structures. This is because there are the following problems in attaching the screw member to the composite structure.

In the case of a composite material structure, it is not easy to attach an object inside. This is because unlike metal, it cannot be attached by welding, and since the inner skin covers the entire inner surface of the structure, it is easy to attach a screw member to a part of the structure by screwing or other locking means. It is not.

[0008] Plastic composites do not have the strength of metal to locally applied loads. In other words, the skin of the inner and outer layers is thin even though it is a highly elastic FRP, so if the screw member is fixed only to the inner layer skin without any reinforcement, the load of interior parts etc. will concentrate on that part. The possibility of damage to the inner layer skin and the like due to the action of the inner layer increases. If the screw member can be fixed to both the inner and outer layer skins, the load will be distributed to both skins and it will be harder to break, but since the inner layer skin covers the entire inner surface of the structure as described above, it is realistic It is difficult to make such a fixation, and perforations in the outer skin can also entail problems with appearance and infiltration of rainwater. Because plastic foam cores have low mechanical strength of their own,
Even if the screw member is fixed to the core, the load cannot be shared.

[0009] In view of the above, increasing the thickness of the inner skin or increasing the density (and thus the strength) of the core will significantly increase the cost of the composite. It is sufficient if the structure can be formed so that the thickness increases only partially around the mounting position of the screw member, not the entire inner skin, but the location where the interior parts etc. are provided can be changed or added at the vehicle assembly site etc. Therefore, it is not easy to specify the position in advance, and inconvenience is likely to occur.

[0010] The present invention is directed to a vehicle mounting structure made of plastics and a suitable mounting for supporting an interior product inside the structure while taking the above problems into consideration.
It does not provide a method .

[0011]

According to the mounting method of the present invention ,
Reference examples of the interior product support structure in the vehicle structure used
A ) a structure in which interior parts are supported on a sandwich vehicle structure in which a core made of a plastic foam material is laminated between inner and outer skins made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP); b) A reinforcing plate is bonded (that is, overlapped and integrated) to the inner surface of the inner skin, and c) a state in which the inner skin and the reinforcing plate are penetrated and crimped to each other (that is, both are deformed and blind nut in close contact not-engaged so state) is provided - there is. In addition, interior goods here refer to decorative boards, ceiling boards, fasteners for electric wiring, and other small parts. In the expressions such as "inside / outside layer" and "inside", "inside" means the side closer to the cabin when assembled in the vehicle, and "outside" means the opposite side (the side facing the outside of the vehicle). (The same applies hereinafter). The blind nut is also called a rib nut or the like, and can be attached by caulking only from the side inserted into a plate or the like, and can be used as a nut from that side, and corresponds to the screw member in the above description.

In the interior article support structure described as the reference example , first, the structure itself made of a plastic composite material can exhibit sufficient strength as a vehicle structure.
The structure has a sandwich structure as in the above a), and the inner and outer layer skins and the core are laminated as described above, based on the in-plane and out-of-plane forces as described above. that obtained to exhibit sufficient strength for.

As the above-mentioned screw member for attaching the interior component, a blind nut is employed as in the above c) and the inner member is attached to the inner skin. Therefore, it is not possible to attach the screw member inside the composite structure. Not difficult.
In other words, since the blind nut can be attached to the inner skin only from the inside as described above, although the inner skin covers the entire inner surface of the structure, the blind nut, which is a screw member, is placed inside the structure. It is relatively easy to fix. In addition, since the blind nut is attached to the structure so as not to penetrate the outer skin, there is no danger of deteriorating the appearance, and no special measures need to be taken to prevent rainwater from entering.

Although the blind nut for supporting the interior component is attached to the inner skin, in this interior component support structure, it is easy to avoid that the load is applied intensively only to the blind nut in the inner skin. . This is because, as in the above b) and c), the reinforcing plate is joined to the inner layer skin, and the blind nut is attached while being caulked to both. In other words, when a load from interior parts or the like acts on the blind nut, the load is
Of the inner skin, it works widely on a portion that is integrated with the reinforcing plate and is close to a rigid body (that is, the area of the reinforcing plate). If the load is distributed over a large area,
Even if the inner skin is made of FRP and is more brittle than metal,
It will not be easily damaged.

The reinforcement of the inner skin as described above is performed by integrating the reinforcing plate only at the portion where the blind nut is to be mounted, and does not increase the thickness of the inner skin. The increase in the production cost of the material structure is small. Moreover, since it is possible to join the reinforcing plate to the composite material structure and attach the blind nut without difficulty at a vehicle assembling site or the like, the mounting position of the interior parts is determined after the structure is formed (for example, by actual matching). ) Even if it is decided, there is no inconvenience.

Further, the above-mentioned interior article supporting structure further includes: d) the skin of the inner and outer layers in the above-mentioned structure is made of a highly elastic carbon fiber reinforced plastic (highly elastic CFRP), and the core is made of polymethacrylimide foam for heat-resistant structure. it is wood, but also including.

According to the investigations and studies by the inventors, among the plate-like composite materials having a sandwich structure in which the inner and outer layer skins and the core therebetween are laminated, the one using the material as claimed in claim 2 is the same. It is considered to be optimal as a vehicle structure. Because the composite material obtained by combining the inner and outer layer skins made of high elasticity CFRP and the core made of polymethacrylimide foamed material provides the mechanical strength required for the vehicle structure and is preferable in terms of manufacturing procedures and costs. is there. In addition,
When the leading vehicle traveling at a speed as high as the Shinkansen is composed of the above-mentioned composite material structure, a considerable pressure difference is repeatedly generated between the inside and outside when entering a tunnel and birds such as crows and flying birds In consideration of the collision with the outer surface, it is preferable that each skin of the inner and outer layers has a thickness of about 1 to 8 mm, and that of the core has a thickness of about 30 to 70 mm.

The method for mounting an interior article supporting structure in a vehicle structure according to the present invention is directed to a vehicle structure having a sandwich structure in which a core of a plastic foam material is laminated between inner and outer skins made of fiber reinforced plastic. A method of attaching an interior product support structure, comprising: 1) drilling a hole from the inside of the inner skin to reach the core, 2) attaching a reinforcing plate having a similar through hole to the inner surface of the inner skin. , Through an uncured cold-setting adhesive, and aligning the hole position, 3) While the adhesive is uncured, apply a blind nut from the inside of the reinforcing plate and the inner skin of the reinforcing plate from the inside of the reinforcing plate. Insert into the above hole and crimp on both (reinforcement plate and inner skin) (that is, deform and make close contact and engage with both)
It is characterized in that it is attached by.

According to this mounting method, the above-described interior component support structure can be easily implemented at a vehicle assembly site or the like. Above the blind nut mounting holes
One of the reasons is to open from the inside of the inner layer skin as in 1), but not only that, the configuration of b) in which the reinforcing plate is joined to the inner skin, the above 2) and 3) This is because it is realized by a procedure. This point can be explained in detail as follows.

After the composite vehicle structure is formed
In the case of configuring the above-described support structure, usually, the operation of joining the reinforcing plate to the inner skin as in b) above is extremely troublesome. It is necessary to keep the reinforcing plate in close contact with the inner surface of the inner skin until the adhesive applied between them hardens, and for that purpose, the mating surface between the inner skin and the reinforcing plate is suctioned from the surroundings to reduce the pressure This is because a means or a pressing means for pressing the reinforcing plate from the inside onto the inner skin must be used for each reinforcing plate. However, in this mounting method, as described in 2) and 3) above, the reinforcing plate is layered on the inner skin via the uncured room temperature adhesive, and the blind nut is attached before the adhesive is cured, and the inner skin and the reinforcing plate are attached. In any case, the reinforcing plate can be kept in close contact with the inner skin by the action of the blind nut without using other means. That is, the blind nut used as a screw member for attaching the interior component is also used as a means for bringing the inner skin and the reinforcing plate into close contact with each other until the adhesive is cured. Therefore, after the reinforcing plate and the blind nut are attached to the inner skin by the above 1) to 3), the above-mentioned interior article supporting structure is completed only by waiting for the room temperature curing type adhesive to cure over time. .

[0021]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an interior component support structure 20 provided on a part of the inside of the vehicle structure 2.
(a)-(d) is explanatory drawing which shows the procedure for attaching the support structure 20 to the structure 2. FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the entirety of the first vehicle 1 of the Shinkansen, which is a railway vehicle including the structure 2 and has a maximum speed setting close to 300 km / h.

In the leading vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 3, the structure 2 at a position covering the crew compartment is made of a plastic plate-like composite material. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the main part of the structure 2 is formed of two layers of high elastic CFRP (fiber reinforced plastic using carbon fiber as a reinforcing material).
A sandwich composite plate-like composite material in which a core 12 of a polymethacrylimide foam material, which is a foam material for a heat-resistant structure, is laminated between the skins 11 and 13. The structure 2 made of such a composite material is prepared by impregnating a glass fiber with a prepreg (prepolymer), which is a material of an FRP plate, on a mold (not shown) having a shape along the outer surface shown in FIG. ) Are laminated and heated and pressed in an autoclave (not shown) to be cured. The thickness of the outer skin 13 is set to 1.5 to 6 mm in consideration of the impact force at the time of a bird collision according to the inclination angle of each part with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle. 0.6 mm. The thickness of the core 12 is determined so that the entire thickness including the core 12 becomes 50 mm. Unlike the example shown in FIG. 5, such a structure 2 made of a composite material exhibits the necessary strength as the structure of the leading vehicle 1 without integrating other frames, and enters the tunnel. It does not break even if it repeatedly receives the pressure difference between inside and outside when it hits, and even if it receives a collision with a bird on the outside.

With respect to the structure 2 as described above, after curing and completion of molding, the structure 2 is provided at a plurality of locations inside (inside the room).
An interior component support structure 20 for supporting and fixing interior components such as electric components is configured as shown in FIG. Same structure 20
Is provided with a blind nut 23 having a female screw (screw hole) 23a inside the structure 2. When the interior component 7 is supported, a part of the interior component 7 is And the interior component 7 is fixed by the bolt 6 (and the washer 6a) to be connected to the female screw 23a. Similar to a well-known blind rivet (not shown) and the like, the blind nut 23 passes through a series of operations of passing through the inner layer skin 11 of the structure 2 and caulking it to the structure 2.
(For example, made by Tomobuchi Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) metal (for example, aluminum alloy) parts that can be performed only from the inside. Unlike a normal blind rivet, it has a female screw 23a in the axial center portion, and can be used as a nut from the inside of the structure 2 as described above (FIG. 1).

In the support structure 20 shown in FIG. 1, a reinforcing plate 22 is joined to the inner skin 11 near a portion through which a blind nut 23 passes. The reinforcing plate 22 is the same high elasticity CFRP plate as the inner skin 11 and has a thickness of 2.5
It has a disk shape of 50 mm in diameter and 50 mm in diameter, and is adhered to the inner surface of the inner skin 11 via a cold-setting adhesive 21. Since the reinforcing plate 22 is integrated with the inner skin 11 in the vicinity of the mounting portion of the blind nut 23 and the vicinity thereof, the load of the interior component 7 and the like acting via the blind nut 23 is limited to the area of the reinforcing plate 22. The particles are almost evenly distributed, so that the inner skin 11 and the like are not easily broken. That is, even if the inner skin 11 and the core 12 are hardly separated from each other even when a tensile force is applied upward from the blind nut 23, the inner skin is not affected by the moment when the blind nut 23 receives a lateral force as shown in the figure. 1
It is unlikely that a part of 1 (in the vicinity of contact with the blind nut 23) will be broken. Therefore, this support structure 2
0, the strength requirement of 50 kg (that is, 50 kg in the upward direction in the figure (toward the room) from the blind nut 23).
The condition that there is no breakage point even when the force of (1) is applied is satisfied.

The interior article supporting structure 20 shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the structure 2 by the procedure shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the core 1 penetrates from the inner side of the inner layer skin 11 (from the indoor side, that is, the upper side in the figure).
Drill a hole to reach 2. Reference numeral 11a in the figure denotes a through hole provided in the inner skin 11 by this, and reference numeral 12a denotes a hole formed inside the core 12. Since the inner skin 11 made of CFRP is hard, a diamond drill is used for drilling.

The through hole 11 a provided in the inner skin 11
A disk-shaped reinforcing plate 22 having the above-described size provided with a through hole 22a having the same diameter as that of the inner layer skin 11 is overlaid on the inner surface of the inner skin 11 as shown in FIG. However, immediately before stacking, the uncured room-temperature-curable adhesive 2 is placed between the inner skin 11 and the reinforcing plate 22.
1 is applied, and the position of the through hole 22a is
Assume that it is set to the position 1a.

Before the adhesive 21 is cured,
The blind nut 23 is connected to the reinforcing plate 22 and the inner skin 11.
And attached to both. For details, follow steps 1) to 3) below.

1) First, a blind nut 23 is inserted from the inside of the reinforcing plate 22 through the through holes 22a and 11a to the inside of the hole 12a. Caulking tool 30 having
It is connected to the blind nut 23. That is, FIG.
As shown in (b), the female screw 23a is inserted into the hole 12a of the core 12, and the flange 23c on the proximal end side is inserted into the through hole 22 of the reinforcing plate 22.
a blind nut 23
With the male screw 31 of the caulking device 30 inside.
Is inserted, and the male screw 31 is rotated clockwise to be screwed into the female screw 23a.

2) The blind nut 23 is swaged to both the reinforcing plate 22 and the inner skin 11 by continuing the clockwise rotation of the male screw 31 without rotating the base 32 of the swaging tool 30. When the male screw 31 continues to rotate clockwise, the female screw 23a of the blind nut 23 is strongly drawn toward the collar 23c, and as a result, the thin portion 23b near the base end is formed.
The buckling deformation results in a bent portion 23d, and the reinforcing plate 22 and the inner skin 11 are sandwiched between the buckling deformation and the brim 23c as shown in FIG. 2C.

3) Then, while turning the male screw 32 counterclockwise, as shown in FIG.
Extract from 3. Since the bent portion 23d is permanently deformed, the state in which the blind nut 23 sandwiches the reinforcing plate 22 and the inner skin 11 is maintained even after the crimping tool 30 is extracted.

The inner skin 11, the reinforcing plate 22, the blind nut 23, and the like are left for an appropriate time in the state shown in FIG. 2D, and the room temperature curing type adhesive applied between the inner skin 11 and the reinforcing plate 22. Wait for the agent 21 to cure. During this time, since the blind nut 23 caulked as described above presses the inner skin 11 holding the adhesive 21 and the reinforcing plate 22, there is no need to use any other means. When the adhesive 21 cures, the support structure 20 shown in FIG. 1 is completed, and the interior structure 7 can be supported on the support structure 20.

By the way, as for the above-mentioned structure 2 mainly composed of a plastic plate-like composite material, there is almost no work to be added from the inside after being attached to the leading vehicle 1 as shown in FIG. It can be attached to the vehicle 1 at almost the last stage of the assembly process. In other words, unlike the structure shown in FIG. 5, which needs to be welded to the inner frame or hitting the metal plate from the inside and must be assembled at the beginning of the assembly process, the structure 2 shown in FIG. May be mounted as shown in FIG. 3 after mounting various devices and electrical components on the vehicle 1.
Therefore, in the vehicle 1 using the composite structure 2, it is extremely easy to mount the devices and components, and in particular, the leading vehicle 1 with a large number of mounted devices has a great advantage in this respect.

Some of the small electric components and the like provided inside the structure 2 as the interior parts 7 in FIG. 1 have fixed positions determined after the structure 2 is mounted on the vehicle 1 as described above. . Therefore, some of the support structures 20 in FIG. 1 are attached to the inside of the structure 2 at the end of the manufacturing process of the vehicle 1 such as the assembly site of the vehicle 1. The use of the reinforcing plate 22, the adhesive 21, the blind nut 23, and the like to form the support structure 20 as shown in FIGS. To make it very easy to attach. However, as shown in FIG. 4, if the support structure 20 for an interior component is configured without using a reinforcing plate or the like,
It will be extremely difficult to attach it in a similar process. In order to satisfy the demand for strength, the inner skin 1 as shown in FIG.
Although it is necessary to increase the thickness of 1 ′, if the thickness is increased in the entire area inside the structure 2 ′, a significant increase in cost will be caused. On the other hand, if the thickness is increased only in a previously specified portion, the structure 2 ′ This is because the requirement for determining the position of the interior component (and therefore of its support structure 20) even after it has been mounted on the vehicle 1 is not fulfilled.

The leading vehicle 1 shown in FIG.
Structure 3 connected to the rear and lower parts as shown in FIG.
Since the main part is mainly composed of a flat plate or a simple quadric surface, a semi-monocoque structure made of an aluminum alloy similar to that shown in FIG. 5 is employed. This is because it is relatively easy to integrate a flat plate or a quadratic curved surface along a metal plate after assembling the frame, and the subsequent finishing does not require much man-hour. Since the metal frame is not easily damaged even when the load is concentrated, the interior structure support structure inside the structure 3 is provided with a blind nut attached to the frame without special reinforcement, or welded or screwed as before. An appropriate screw member (one that can fix interior parts and the like with screws, not shown) is attached by a stopper. However, such a structure 3,
Alternatively, a structure of a vehicle other than the leading vehicle 1 (which is also generally composed mainly of a flat plate or a quadratic curved surface) is a composite material structure similar to the structure 2, and the interior product supporting structure is similar thereto. Of course, it is also possible to attach.

[0035]

The method for mounting the interior article support structure in the vehicle structure according to the first aspect has the following effects. That is, the above-described internal component support structure shown as a reference example can be particularly easily implemented at a vehicle assembly site or the like. Since the blind nut for supporting the interior goods is also used as a means to keep the inner skin and the reinforcing plate in close contact until the adhesive is cured, there is no need to use other means for the close contact,
This is because it is only necessary to wait for the adhesive to harden.

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the invention according to the application, and is a cross-sectional view showing an interior component support structure 20 provided in a part of the inside of a vehicle structure 2. FIG.

2 (a) to 2 (d) show the interior article supporting structure 20 of FIG.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a procedure for attaching the to the structure 2.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the entirety of a leading vehicle 1 which is constructed by partially using the structure 2 and the like shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing, as a comparative example, a main part of an interior article supporting structure 20 ′ that does not belong to the invention of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a conventional general structure of a high-speed leading vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Top vehicle 2 Vehicle structure 11 Inner skin 12 Core 13 Outer skin 20 Interior structure support structure 21 Adhesive 22 Reinforcement plate 23 Blind nut

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-109164 (JP, A) JP-A-60-121168 (JP, A) JP-A-4-35964 (JP, U) JP-A-1 172962 (JP, U) Shokai 55-134362 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B61D 17/00-17/18

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] among-the outer layer made of a fiber-reinforced plastic
A core of plastic foam is laminated between the skins
Vehicle structure with a sandwich structure, interior structure support structure
A method of attaching the hole from the inside of the inner layer the skin, reaching the core therethrough
The opened, the reinforcing plate having the same through-hole, the inner surface of the inner layer the skin
Then, through the uncured cold-setting adhesive, and position the hole
The combined superimposed, while the adhesive is uncured, the blind nut, the upper
From the inside of the reinforcing plate and the hole of the reinforcing plate and inner skin
Mounting method interior trim support structure in the vehicle body structure, characterized in that attached by being caulked to both inserted therein.