JP3239588B2 - Organic matter extraction method and organic matter extraction solvent - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to relates to organic matter extraction how,
Useful for extracting various organic substances such as press oil used in the shadow mask pressing process of color cathode ray tubes, trace oil in factory wastewater, lubricant for polyethylene bags, and silicone oil used in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices. to provide a name way method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various solvents have been used for extracting and washing organic substances. Among them, carbon-based solvents such as trichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride have been used in a great many fields because of their many features such as low toxicity, flame retardancy and quick drying.

[0003]

However, trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride and the like have been completely abolished by the year 2000 in the Montory All Protocol adopted in 1987 because of their large ozone depletion potential. It is a substance that must be tackled as soon as possible in terms of environmental protection.

On the other hand, general organic solvents must be used in consideration of their ability to dissolve organic substances. However, there are so many types of organic matter,
Depending on the organic matter to be extracted, the solvent must be chosen from polar organic solvents or non-polar organic solvents. When a plurality of types of organic substances are present together, they often cannot be extracted or removed simultaneously.

The present invention, without the use of halocarbon solvents, and, in one extraction operation, is intended to provide an extraction how the organic material can be extracted a plurality of types of organic matter at the same time .

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention is intended to provide an extraction how possible with organics to extract only soluble organics at relatively low temperatures to high boiling point solvent.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems] organic extraction method of the present invention, the polar organic solvent to the <br/> nonpolar organic solvent comprising a polar organic solvent and hexane consisting of acetone, composed of the acetone
The mixing ratio of the components is equal to or higher than the minimum azeotropic point, and a mixed solvent having both the solubility as the polar organic solvent and the solubility as the non-polar organic solvent is used.
And extracting an organic substance having a boiling point higher than the minimum azeotropic point.

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

The organic matter extraction method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
Polar organic solvent and hexane non-polar organic solvent
When the composition ratio of the hexane is 44% by weight or less,
Seton is mixed at 56% by weight or more, and the polar organic
Solvent ability as a solvent and as the non-polar organic solvent
Using a mixed solvent that has dissolving power, the minimum azeotropic
This is a method of extracting organic matter having a boiling point higher than the point.

The organic matter extraction method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
Polar organic solvent and hexane non-polar organic solvent
The composition ratio of the hexane is 44 to 34% by weight,
Acetone is mixed at 56-66% by weight,
Soluble as an organic solvent and as the non-polar organic solvent
Using a mixed solvent that has all the solubility
This is a method for extracting organic substances having a boiling point higher than the azeotropic point.

[0014]

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[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

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[0024]

[0025]

In the organic substance extraction method of the present invention, a polar organic solvent and a non-polar organic solvent are mixed, and a solvent having both a solubility as a polar organic solvent and a solubility as a non-polar organic solvent is used. Accordingly, the restriction on the organic matter to be extracted is eliminated, and even if a plurality of types of organic matter are present, they can be simultaneously extracted.

Furthermore, by using a mixed solvent of a polar organic solvent and a non-polar organic solvent having the lowest azeotropic point, the mixing ratio is selected to a value at which the volatile organic solvent having a low boiling point finally evaporates. However, the time required for removing the solvent can be reduced. In addition, by using a mixed solvent having a low minimum azeotropic point, it is possible to extract organic substances which have been difficult to extract until now.

Furthermore, by using a mixed solvent of a ketone solvent which is a polar organic solvent and an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent which is a non-polar organic solvent, restrictions on organic substances to be extracted are substantially restricted. Even if a plurality of types of organic substances are present together, they can be simultaneously extracted.

Further, by using a mixed solvent of a polar organic solvent and a non-polar organic solvent having the lowest azeotropic point,
The mixing ratio is set to a value at which the volatile organic solvent having a low boiling point finally evaporates, and the time required for removing the solvent can be shortened.

Further, a polar organic solvent, acetone,
By using a mixed solvent with hexane as a non-polar organic solvent, it is possible to simultaneously extract many of the organic substances that actually need to be extracted, which is very useful in practical use.

The use of a mixed solvent of acetone and hexane in which the composition ratio of acetone is equal to or higher than the lowest azeotropic point or the amount of acetone is equal to or higher than 56% by weight makes the solvent higher than the lowest azeotropic point. Then, the solvent can be removed by heating at a low temperature within the range of the boiling point of acetone of 56 ° C. or less, so that organic substances having a low boiling point can be extracted.

Further, in the above-mentioned mixed solvent, the composition ratio of hexane is 44 to 34% by weight and acetone is 5% by weight.
By using a solvent that is 6 to 66% by weight, the solvent can be removed by heating at the lowest azeotropic point or a temperature almost equal thereto, and the organic substance to be measured can be extracted.

[0032]

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[0041]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the organic extraction how the present invention will be described based on Examples.

Example 1 In the case of an azeotropic mixed solvent composed of a plurality of types of volatile organic solvents, the ratio of the amount of evaporation changes by changing the mixing ratio of the volatile organic solvents constituting the solvent. Therefore, by adjusting the mixing ratio of the azeotropic mixed solvent so that the volatile organic solvent having a low boiling point is finally evaporated, the time for removing the solvent is greatly reduced. Therefore, if this method is applied to the extraction of the measurement object, the time required for measurement is significantly reduced.

Hexane as an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent,
Taking a binary mixed solvent with acetone as a ketone solvent as an example, the relationship between the composition ratio of the mixed solvent and the boiling point is as shown in FIG.

That is, in a binary solvent mixture of hexane and acetone, when hexane is 100% by weight, the boiling point is 69 ° C., and the boiling point decreases as the value of the composition ratio of acetone increases. And hexane is 4
When the amount of acetone is 1% by weight and the amount of acetone is 59% by weight, the boiling point (49 ° C.) of the mixed solvent becomes lowest. further,
The boiling point increases as the weight ratio of acetone increases, and reaches 56 ° C. with 100% by weight of acetone.

From the fact that acetone is practically used in a mixed solvent of 56% by weight or more, preferably, a mixed solvent having a composition ratio at which the boiling point is equal to or substantially equal to the azeotropic point, acetone is used. By heating at a temperature within the range of a boiling point of 56 ° C. or lower, the solvent can be removed, and the organic substance to be measured can be extracted.

Further, a mixed solvent in which hexane is 44 to 34% by weight and acetone is 56 to 66% by weight is as follows:
It is easily removed by heating to a temperature of (50 ± 1) ° C. or higher. Therefore, by using this mixed solvent, an organic substance having a boiling point slightly higher than the boiling point can be easily extracted. In addition, any organic substance that can be dissolved in at least one of hexane and acetone can be extracted, so that restrictions on the target organic substance are greatly reduced.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which hexane, acetone, and a hexane / acetone azeotrope are evaporated and reduced when kept at room temperature (20 ° C.). As is clear from this, the azeotropic mixed solvent of hexane and acetone has a more remarkable loss on evaporation than either hexane or acetone.

The minimum azeotropic point of the mixed solvent of hexane and acetone is lower than the boiling point of almost all organic substances to be extracted, and organic substances which evaporate at a low temperature, which has been very difficult to extract, are also extracted. Can be. And even if the ratio of acetone becomes a value slightly larger than the azeotropic mixture ratio, the boiling point of acetone (56 ° C.)
The solvent can be removed below.

Example 2 As shown in Table 1 below, hexane and acetone are alkyd resins, each of which is independently dissolved, but ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyvinyl formal. Shows different properties for the same vinyl resin. That is, although hexane dissolves the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, it is difficult for hexane alone to dissolve polyvinyl formal. On the other hand, although acetone alone has a relatively weak dissolving power for the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl formal has a dissolving power.

[0050]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 2 below, hexane and acetone dissolve ester-based oils alone, but exhibit different properties from hydrocarbon-based oils and silicone-based oils. That is, since hexane is a non-polar organic solvent, it dissolves a hydrocarbon-based oil, but it is difficult to dissolve a polar oil or an alcohol-modified silicone oil by itself. On the other hand, since acetone is a polar solvent, it has a relatively low solubility in hydrocarbon-based oils by itself, but its demand is growing in the future, including polar oils and alcohol-modified silicone oils. It exhibits excellent dissolving power for oils having hydrophilic groups, which are presumed to come.

[0052]

[Table 2]

By using a mixed solvent of hexane and acetone, each characteristic is complemented, and the number of objects to be measured is significantly increased.

In addition to hexane, pentane, 2-methylbutane or 2-methylpentane may be used instead.
Similar results can be obtained by using any mixed solvent using methyl ethyl ketone, 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, 2-hexane, or methyl isobutyl ketone instead of acetone.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of an apparatus used for extracting organic matter containing oil. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a heating device with a temperature control mechanism, and a local exhaust device 12 is disposed above the heating device. Reference numeral 13 denotes a glass petri dish for boiling a sample, which is used to contain a mixed solvent 14 of acetone and hexane. The sample 15 is a target from which organic additives or organic dirt is extracted.

First, the heating device 11 is energized to generate heat,
Keep at a predetermined temperature. Heating device 1 with temperature control mechanism
A sample boiling glass petri dish 13 is placed on 1, and a sample 15 cut or broken into an appropriate size is put into the sample boiling petri dish 13. Then, a mixed solvent 14 of acetone and hexane is added in such an amount that the sample 15 is sufficiently immersed, and is heated and maintained at a constant temperature to elute. After a certain time has elapsed, the sample 15 is taken out of the sample boiling petri dish 13 and heating is continued. Petri dish for boiling sample 13
When the amount of the solvent 14 gradually decreases, the solvent 14 is transferred to a ceramic container, and the solvent is completely removed at room temperature. After the removal of the solvent, the organic matter as the extract is extracted.

According to the present embodiment, the use of a binary solvent mixture of hexane and acetone enables the extraction of fats and oils into hydrophilic silicone oils, which were conventionally difficult to dissolve with hexane alone, Acetone alone can be dissolved in high molecular weight hydrocarbon oils, which are difficult to dissolve, greatly reducing the restrictions on the extraction target, making it easy to extract many types of fats and oils in one operation. it can. Also, the removal of the solvent is very easy because the mixed solvent has a low boiling point.

In the present embodiment, the heat treatment was performed when the object to be extracted was eluted from the sample 15, but instead of this method, ultrasonic waves were applied to the mixed solvent 14 by a known ultrasonic device. The elution may be performed, or the elution may be performed by applying an ultrasonic wave while heating.

Example 4 Tetrahydrofuran (TH
F) is a solvent having excellent extraction power, but is liable to be oxidized, and may explode if heated to evaporate and concentrated in a peroxide state. Here, since tetrahydrofuran and hexane are a binary azeotrope, by adding hexane in excess of the azeotropic mixing ratio, only tetrahydrofuran is selectively evaporated while leaving hexane. Subsequently, acetone is added to the remaining hexane so as to have an azeotropic mixture ratio to increase the volatility, and the solvent is removed. Will be possible.

Example 5 An organic substance to be extracted is dissolved only with a solvent as a first component of the above-mentioned polar organic solvent and non-polar organic solvent, and a second azeotropic mixture is formed in this solution. The solvent as an ingredient is added in excess and heated to leave only the solvent of the second ingredient. Further, the solvent as the third component which forms an azeotrope with the solvent of the remaining second component is added in excess to leave only the solvent of the third component.

As a result, the organic matter is first extracted with the first solvent, and the second and third solvents are used to lower the boiling point of the solvent for extracting the organic matter as compared with the first solvent. Therefore, organic substances that are difficult to extract with the first solvent can be extracted because they are dissolved in the first solvent but have a lower boiling point than that of the first solvent. Further, the same can be said for the second solvent.

By repeating such a series of operations by selecting a solvent and sequentially repeating the operation, the boiling point is lowered, and finally, the organic matter having a low boiling point and which has been difficult to extract can be easily extracted.

The method of the present invention includes, for example, extraction of residual oils and fats after press oil degreasing and washing used in a shadow mask pressing step of a color cathode ray tube, extraction of trace oil in factory wastewater, extraction of lubricant in polyethylene bags, The present invention can be applied to extraction of organic dirt such as silicone oil used in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device, extraction of a lubricant used in molding a synthetic resin or the like, and the like.

[0064]

According to the organic matter extraction method of the present invention, a polar organic solvent and a non-polar organic solvent are mixed, and a solvent having both a solubility as a polar organic solvent and a solubility as a non-polar organic solvent is used. Therefore, restrictions on the organic matter to be extracted are eliminated, and even if a plurality of types of organic matter are present, they can be simultaneously extracted. Further, since a halogen compound (fluorocarbon) such as halogenated carbon or halogenated hydrocarbon, which has been widely used as a solvent, is not required, the possibility of damaging the environment is significantly reduced.

Further, by using a mixed solvent of a polar organic solvent and a non-polar organic solvent having the lowest azeotropic point, the mixing ratio is selected to a value at which the volatile organic solvent having a low boiling point finally evaporates. In addition, the solvent can be removed in a short time, and since a mixed solvent having a lower minimum azeotropic point is used, organic substances that have been difficult to extract can be easily extracted.

Further, since a mixed solvent of a ketone solvent as a polar organic solvent and an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent as a non-polar organic solvent is used, restrictions on organic substances to be extracted are substantially eliminated. Thus, even if a plurality of types of organic substances are present together, they can be extracted simultaneously.

Furthermore, by using a mixed solvent of a polar organic solvent and a non-polar organic solvent having the lowest azeotropic point,
The mixing ratio is set to a value at which the volatile organic solvent having a low boiling point finally evaporates, and the time required for removing the solvent can be shortened.

Further, acetone as a polar organic solvent,
By using a mixed solvent with hexane as a non-polar organic solvent, it is possible to simultaneously extract many of the organic substances that actually need to be extracted, which is very useful in practical use.

[0069]

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[0073]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of an apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a composition ratio of a binary mixed solvent of hexane and acetone and a boiling point.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the remaining time of hexane, acetone, and a hexane / acetone azeotrope at room temperature (20 ° C.), and their remaining amounts.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 11 heating device with temperature control mechanism 12 local exhaust device 13 glass petri dish for sample boiling 14 mixed solvent of acetone and hexane 15 sample

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-6-9745 (JP, A) JP-A-4-221806 (JP, A) JP-A-1-131166 (JP, A) JP-A-48-39421 (JP) , A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01D 11/04 C11D 7/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A polar organic solvent comprising acetone and a non-polar organic solvent comprising hexane are mixed at a composition ratio of the polar organic solvent comprising acetone equal to or higher than a composition ratio showing a minimum azeotropic point. An organic substance extraction method for extracting an organic substance having a boiling point higher than the minimum azeotropic point by using a mixed solvent having both a dissolving ability as a solvent and a dissolving ability as the non-polar organic solvent. 2. A polar organic solvent comprising a mixture of a polar organic solvent comprising acetone and a non-polar organic solvent comprising hexane at a composition ratio of hexane of 44% by weight or less and acetone at 56% by weight or more. An organic substance extraction method for extracting an organic substance having a boiling point higher than the minimum azeotropic point by using a mixed solvent having both a dissolving ability as a solvent and a dissolving ability as the nonpolar organic solvent. 3. A polar organic solvent composed of acetone and a nonpolar organic solvent composed of hexane, wherein the composition ratio of the hexane is 44 to 34% by weight and the acetone is 56 to 66% by weight. An organic substance extraction method for extracting an organic substance having a boiling point higher than the minimum azeotropic point by using a mixed solvent having both a dissolving ability as an organic solvent and a dissolving ability as the non-polar organic solvent.