JP3238318B2 - Breath bag and gas measuring device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhalation bag used for collecting exhaled air in a gas measuring device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art After a drug containing an isotope is administered to a living body, the metabolic function of the living body can be measured by measuring the change in the concentration or concentration ratio of the isotope contained in breath. Isotope analysis has been used to diagnose diseases in the medical field. In general, gastric ulcers and gastritis are caused by helicobacter pylori (H
It is known that bacteria referred to as P) exist.

[0003] If HP is present in the stomach of a patient, it is necessary to carry out eradication treatment by administration of an antibiotic or the like. Therefore, it is important to determine whether HP is present in the patient. HP has strong urease activity and breaks down urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. On the other hand, carbon has a mass number of 12 and isotopes having a mass number of 13 and 14 in addition to those having a mass number of 12.
^{Since 13} C has no radioactivity and exists stably, it is easy to handle.

[0004] Therefore, after administering urea marked with the isotope ¹³ C to the living body, the concentration of ¹³ CO _{2 in} the breath of the patient, specifically the concentration of ¹³ CO ₂ and ¹² CO ₂ , which is the final metabolite, is measured. If the ratio can be measured, the presence of HP can be confirmed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-42219, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 61-42219).
1-442220).

[0005]

In order to determine the concentration or the concentration ratio using the above-mentioned method, the exhaled air before and after the administration of the diagnostic agent to the living body is collected in an exhalation bag, and each collected air is collected. The concentration of ¹³ CO _{2 in} expiration or the ¹³ CO ₂ concentration ratio (
¹³ CO ₂ concentration / ¹² CO ₂ concentration. same as below)
Must be measured for each.

[0006] However, when such a measurement of breath is performed, since a measuring institution usually performs the measurement professionally, a large number of samples must be handled and processed in a short time. Therefore, the breath before the administration of the diagnostic agent is likely to be confused with the breath after the administration of the diagnostic agent. That is, the breath before the administration of the diagnostic agent and the breath after the administration of the diagnostic agent are not the same donor's breath, or the breath before the administration of the diagnostic agent and the breath after the administration of the diagnostic agent are reversed. Sometimes.

[0007] If there is such a mistake, a correct measurement result cannot be obtained, so that the mistake must be eliminated .

[0008] their in this, the present invention, by devising the breath bag itself, and to provide a breath bag capable of eliminating reliably mix-up with the breath.

[0009]

[0010]

The expiratory bag of the present invention comprises:
In order to accumulate a plurality of types of exhalation, a plurality of exhalation accumulation chambers in which containers are connected to each other, and exhalation in each exhalation accumulation chamber are led to a plurality of inlets of a gas measurement device for measuring exhalation. An exhalation bag having a plurality of exhalation introduction tubes, wherein the exhalation introduction tube has a shape that prevents the exhalation introduction tubes from being attached to the introduction opening of the gas measurement device by mistake (claim 1). .

Further, the gas measuring apparatus of the present invention has a plurality of exhalation accumulation chambers in which containers are connected to each other, and a plurality of exhalation introduction tubes for introducing a plurality of types of exhalation from a living body into the exhalation accumulation chamber, respectively. It is for measuring the expiration stored in the bag, and has a plurality of exhalation introduction ports for guiding exhalation of the exhalation accumulation chamber through the exhalation introduction tube. (Claim 2).

According to the configuration of the above-described expiration bag or gas measuring apparatus, the expiration in the expiration accumulation chamber of one expiration bag is erroneously guided to the gas measurement apparatus as the expiration in the other expiration accumulation chamber. Inconvenience can be eliminated. Therefore, for example, the breath before and after administering the diagnostic agent to the living body is collected in a breath bag, and the ¹³ CO _{2 in} each collected breath is collected.
When measuring the concentration of 13CO ₂ or the ratio of ¹³ CO ₂ concentrations, it is no longer possible to erroneously measure the breath before and after administering the diagnostic agent to the living body. In addition, when a load test is performed at regular intervals after the administration of the diagnostic agent to the living body, the order of the breath as the specimen is not mistakenly measured.

[0013] The "shape for preventing being attached to each other" includes, for example, an asymmetrical shape. By changing the diameter, length, and cross-sectional shape of each of the plurality of exhalation-induction tubes, it is possible to make them asymmetric. The expiratory inlet can be made asymmetric by changing the inner diameter, depth, and cross-sectional shape of the inlet. Further, breath bag of the present invention, the prior SL breath introduction pipe, during exhalation collection, it is preferable that the resistance applying means for applying a resistance to the blowing of the breath are provided (claim 3).

According to this configuration, the provision of the resistance applying means makes it possible to collect exhaled breath from the lungs instead of exhaled breath remaining in the mouth. The “resistance applying means” can be realized by giving some change in the expiration introduction tube that causes airflow resistance. For example, the inner diameter of the exhalation-induction tube may be reduced, or a member that becomes a resistance may be attached to the inner wall of the exhalation-induction tube.

Further, the expiratory bag of the present invention,PreviousRespiration
The immigration should include a dressing that removes moisture from the breath during breath collection.
Has a removable filterPreferably
(Claim 4). According to this configuration, the filter is exhaling
Moisture can be removed, resulting in poor optical measurement accuracy.
Can be prevented. In particular, measure using infrared
Removal of moisture is effective in some cases.

Further, breath bag of the present invention, the prior SL breath introduction pipe, during exhalation collection, it is preferable that the valve to prevent backflow of exhalation are provided (claim 5). According to this configuration, the collected breath returns due to the valve,
No more leakage.

Further, the gas measuring apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the expired air stored in an exhalation bag having an exhaled air accumulating chamber for accumulating exhaled air and an exhalation introducing tube with a check valve for introducing exhaled air from a living body into the exhaled air accumulating chamber. The method according to claim 2, wherein
In addition to the above configuration, the breath bag has a breath inlet for guiding breath from the breath bag through the breath inlet tube, and the function of the valve is stopped in a state where the breath inlet tube is attached to the breath inlet. It is preferable that a means for causing this to be provided is provided (claim 6).

According to this configuration, when exhalation is introduced into the gas measuring device through the exhalation introduction tube, the function of the valve can be stopped while the exhalation introduction tube is attached. It can be smoothly introduced into the gas measuring device. "Means to stop the function of the valve"
For example, a long pin may be put out from the exhalation introduction port, and the valve may be forcibly opened with this pin in a state where the exhalation introduction tube is attached.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, after a urea diagnostic agent marked with isotope ¹³ C is administered to humans, ¹³ CO _{2 in} exhaled breath
An embodiment of the present invention for performing spectral measurement of the concentration ratio,
This will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. I. Breath test First, the breath of the patient before administration of the urea diagnostic agent is collected in a breath bag. The capacity of the exhalation bag is about 250 ml. Thereafter, a urea diagnostic agent was orally administered and 10-1
Five minutes later, the breath is collected in a breath bag in the same manner as before administration.

FIG. 1 is an external view showing an exhalation bag 1 set in the nozzles N ₁ and N ₂ of the isotope gas spectrometer, and the exhalation bag 1 exhales a patient before administration of a urea diagnostic agent. And a breath collection chamber 1b for collecting the patient's breath after administration of the urea diagnostic agent are integrally formed to form one connected breath bag as a whole.

A pipe 2a is connected to the end of the breath collection room 1a, and a pipe 2b is connected to the end of the breath collection room 1b. The bottoms 5a and 5b of the breath collection chambers 1a and 1b are closed. The pipes 2a, 2b are connected to the breath collection chamber 1a,
The role of the breath blowing ports put blowing breath into the 1b, by being set to the nozzle N _1, N ₂ respectively proportional gas spectroscopic measurement apparatus, derives breath collection chamber 1a, the exhalation in the 1b Has two roles.

When collecting breath, the pipes 2a, 2b
, Cylindrical filters (such as filters used for cigarettes) 7a and 7b are pierced, and exhalation is blown. The reason why the filters 7a and 7b are used is to remove moisture contained in exhaled breath. Pipes 2a, 2b
In FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 2, check valves 3a and 3b are provided so that the exhaled breath does not flow backward.

Further, the inside diameter of a portion of each of the pipes 2a and 2b is reduced (for example, see the small-diameter portions indicated by reference numerals 4a and 4b) so as to provide resistance when breath is blown. This is to provide resistance when exhaling air, so that the patient can exhale air from the lungs. This is because it has been confirmed by actual measurement that the CO ₂ concentration is more stable when air in the lung is collected than when air in the mouth of the patient is collected.

When the expiration is completed, the filter is removed and the pipes 2a and 2b are respectively inserted into the nozzles N ₁ and N ₂ of the isotope gas spectrometer. Nozzle N
₁ and N ₂ have different inner diameters,
The thicknesses of 2b also differ from each other accordingly. Therefore, the pipes 2a and 2b are not attached to the wrong nozzles N ₁ and N ₂ , and the exhalation of the patient before administration of the urea diagnostic agent and the exhalation of the patient after administration are incorrectly handled. Absent.

The nozzle N of the isotope gas spectrometer is
₁ and N ₂ are provided with protrusions 6 a and 6 b. When the pipes 2 a and 2 b are inserted into the nozzles N ₁ and N ₂ ,
The functions of the check valves 3a and 3b are released. When the setting of the exhalation bag 1 is completed, the following automatic control is performed. II. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the isotope gas spectrometer.

The exhalation bag that collects the exhaled air after administration (hereinafter referred to as “sample gas”) and the exhalation bag that collects the exhaled air before administration (hereinafter referred to as “base gas”) are set in nozzles N ₁ and N ₂ , respectively. You. The nozzle N ₁ is connected to a three-way valve V ₁ through a transparent resin pipe (hereinafter simply referred to as “pipe”), and the nozzle N ₂ is connected to a three-way valve V ₂ through a pipe.

On the other hand, a reference gas (any gas having no absorption in the wavelength range to be measured, for example, nitrogen gas) is supplied from a gas cylinder. Reference gas divided into two-way, one enters a reference cell 11c through the flow meter M _1, the other leads to the three-way valve V ₃ through the flow meter M _2. The reference gas that has entered the reference cell 11c exits the reference cell 11c and is discharged as it is.

[0028] While the divided from way valve V ₃ leads to the three-way valve V _1, and the other thereof is connected to the first sample cell 11a for measuring the absorption of ¹² CO _2.
Also, while the divided from way valve V ₂ are two-way leads to the first sample cell 11a through a valve V _4, the other is connected to the three-way valve V _1. Furthermore, between the three-way Harrub V ₃ and the first sample cell 11a, the gas injector 21 for quantitatively injecting the sample gas or the base gas (volume 60 cc) is interposed. The gas injector 21 has a shape like a syringe having a piston and a cylinder. The drive of the piston is performed by a motor (not shown), a feed screw connected to the motor, and a nut fixed to the piston. Done by

As shown in FIG. 3, the cell chamber 11 contains ¹² CO 2.
Short first sample cell 11 for measuring the absorption of ₂
a, comprising a long second sample cell 11b for measuring the absorption of ¹³ CO ₂ and a reference cell 11c for flowing a reference gas, the first sample cell 11a and the second sample cell 11b are in communication with each other, Cell 1
The gas led to the first sample cell 11a
b and is exhausted. The reference gas is guided to the reference cell 11c and exhausted. The length of the first sample cell 11a is specifically 13 mm, and the length of the second sample cell 11a is 11 mm.
The length of b is specifically 250 mm, and the length of the reference cell 11c is specifically 236 mm.

An O ₂ sensor 18 is provided in an exhaust pipe led from the reference cell 11c. As the O ₂ sensor 18, a commercially available oxygen sensor can be used. For example, a solid electrolyte gas sensor such as a zirconia sensor or an electrochemical gas sensor such as a galvanic cell type sensor can be used. Symbol L indicates an infrared light source device. The infrared light source device L includes two waveguides 23a and 23b for irradiating infrared rays. The method of generating infrared rays may be any method, for example, a ceramic heater (surface temperature of 450 ° C.) or the like can be used. In addition, a rotating chopper 22 that cuts off and passes infrared rays at a constant cycle is provided. Among the infrared rays emitted from the infrared light source device L, an optical path formed by a light passing through the first sample cell 11a and the reference cell 11c is referred to as a “first light path”, and an optical path formed by a light passing through the second sample cell 11b. Is referred to as a “second optical path” (see FIG. 4).

Symbol D detects infrared light passing through the cell.
FIG. The infrared detector D is
A first wavelength filter 24a placed in a first optical path and a first wavelength filter 24a;
Of the second wavelength filter placed in the second optical path.
It has a filter 24b and a second detection element 25b. No.
One wavelength filter 24a is¹²CO_TwoMeasuring absorption
For this reason, it passes infrared light with a wavelength of about 4280 nm (bandwidth about
20 nm), the second wavelength filter 24b ¹³CO_Twoof
Pass infrared light at a wavelength of about 4412 nm to measure absorption.
(Bandwidth about 50 nm). First
Detection element 25a and second detection element 25b detect infrared rays.
Any element can be used as long as the element emits, for example, PbSe.
Such a semiconductor infrared sensor is used.

The first wavelength filter 24a and the first detection element 25a are contained in a package 26a filled with an inert gas such as Ar,
b, the second detection element 25b is also contained in a package 26b filled with an inert gas. The entire infrared detecting device D is maintained at a constant temperature (25 ° C.) by a heater and a Peltier element, and the parts of the detecting elements in the packages 26a and 26b are maintained at 0 ° C. by a Peltier element.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the detailed structure of the cell chamber 11. As shown in FIG. The cell chamber 11 itself is made of stainless steel, and is vertically and horizontally sandwiched by a metal plate (for example, a brass plate) 12, and is sealed by a heat insulating material 14 via a heater 13 sandwiched vertically and horizontally. The cell chamber 11 is divided into two stages, one of which has a first sample cell 11a and a reference cell 11c, and the other of which has a second sample cell 11b.

A first optical path passes in series through the first sample cell 11a and the reference cell 11c, and a second optical path passes through the second sample cell 11b. Symbol 15, 1
Reference numerals 6 and 17 denote sapphire transmission windows that transmit infrared rays. The cell chamber 11 is heated at a constant temperature (4
(0 ° C.). III. Measurement procedure Measurement is performed in the order of reference gas measurement → base gas measurement → reference gas measurement → sample gas measurement → reference gas measurement → ‥‥. However, in addition to this procedure, the procedure of base gas measurement → reference gas measurement → base gas measurement, sample gas measurement → reference gas measurement → sample gas measurement, and ‥‥ may be performed, but the same base gas and sample gas are measured twice. Efficiency must be reduced. Hereinafter, the former efficient procedure will be described.

During the measurement, the reference gas is constantly flowing in the reference gas 11c. III-1. Reference Measurement As shown in FIG. 5, a clean reference gas is passed through the gas flow path and the cell chamber 11 through the gas flow path and the cell chamber 11 for about 15 seconds for about 15 seconds.
Wash.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the gas flow path is changed to supply a reference gas, and the gas flow path and the cell chamber 11 are cleaned. After about 30 seconds, each detection element 25
The light quantity is measured by a and 25b. The reason for performing the reference measurement in this way is to calculate the absorbance. In this manner, the amount of light obtained by the first detection element 25a is ¹² R ₁ , and the amount of light obtained by the second detection element 25b is
¹³ written as R _1. III-2. Base Gas Measurement Next, the base gas is sucked from the expiration bag by the gas injector 21 so that the reference gas does not flow through the first sample cell 11a and the second sample cell 11b (FIG. 7).
reference).

After the base gas has been sucked in, the base gas is mechanically pushed out at a constant flow rate using a gas injector 21 as shown in FIG. During this time, each detection element 25
The light quantity is measured by a and 25b. In this way,
The amount of light obtained by the first detection element 25a ¹² B, write the resulting quantity and the ¹³ B in the second detection element 25b. III-3. Reference measurement The gas flow path and the cell are washed again, and the light quantity of the reference gas is measured again (see FIGS. 5 and 6).

Thus, the light amount ¹² R ₂ obtained by the first detection element 25 a and the light amount ¹³ R ₂ obtained by the second detection element 25 _b are written. III-4. Sample gas measurement The sample gas is sucked from the expiration bag by the gas injector 21 so that the reference gas does not flow through the first sample cell 11a and the second sample cell 11b (see FIG. 9).

After the sample gas has been sucked in, the sample gas is mechanically pushed out at a constant speed using a gas injector 21 as shown in FIG. During this time, the light amounts are measured by the respective detection elements 25a and 25b. In this manner, the amount of light obtained by the first detection element 25a ¹² S, second
The amount of light obtained by the detection element 25b are the ¹³ S. III-5. Reference measurement The gas flow path and the cell are washed again, and the light quantity of the reference gas is measured again (see FIGS. 5 and 6).

Thus, the light amount obtained by the first detection element 25a is written as ¹² R ₃ , and the light amount obtained by the second detection element 25b is written as ¹³ R ₃ . IV. Data processing IV-1. Calculation of absorbance of base gas First, the transmitted light amount of the reference gas ¹² R ₁ ,
^{Using 13} R ₁ , the transmitted light amount of the base gas ¹² B, ¹³ B, and the transmitted light amount of the reference gas ¹² R ₂ , ¹³ R ₂ , the absorbance of ¹² CO ₂ in the base gas, ¹² Abs (B) and ¹³ CO ₂ The absorbance is determined as ¹³ Abs (B).

[0041] Here, ¹² CO ₂ absorbance ¹² Abs (B) is, ¹² Abs (B) = - calculated in log _{^{[2 12 B / (12 R 1}} + 12 R 2) ], ¹³ CO ₂ absorbance ¹³ determined by log _{^{[2 13 B / (13 R 1}} + 13 R 2) ] ^{- abs (B), 13 abs} (B) =.

As described above, when calculating the absorbance, the average value (R ₁ + R) of the light amounts of the reference measurements performed before and after
₂ ) Take the value of 2 and calculate the absorbance using the average value and the amount of light obtained from the base gas measurement. Therefore, offset the effect of drift (time change affects the measurement). Can be. Therefore, measurement can be started immediately without having to wait for complete thermal equilibrium (usually several hours) when starting up the device.

It should be noted that III. As described at the beginning of the above, when the procedure of base gas measurement → reference gas measurement → base gas measurement → sample gas measurement → reference gas measurement → sample gas measurement, etc. is adopted, the base gas measurement
¹² CO ₂ absorbance ¹² Abs (B) is, ¹² Abs (B) = - calculated by log _{^{[(12 B 1 + 12 B 2}} ) / 2 12 R ], ¹³ CO ₂ absorbance ¹³ Abs (B) is , ¹³ Abs (B) = - it is determined by the log _{^{[(13 B 1 + 13 B 2}} ) / 2 13 R ]. Here, R is the transmitted light amount of the reference gas, and B ₁ and B ₂ are the transmitted light amounts of the base gas before and after the measurement of the reference gas, respectively. IV-2. Calculation of Absorbance of Sample Gas Next, the transmitted light amount of the reference gas ¹² R ₂ ,
^{Using 13} R ₂ , the transmitted light amount of the sample gas ¹² S, ¹³ S and the transmitted light amount of the reference gas ¹² R ₃ , ¹³ R ₃ , the absorbance of ¹² CO ₂ in the sample gas, ¹² Abs (S), and ¹³ CO ₂
Absorbance ¹³ Request and Abs (S).

[0044] Here, ¹² CO ₂ absorbance ¹² Abs (S) is, ¹² Abs (S) = - calculated in log _{^{[2 12 S / (12 R 2}} + 12 R 3) ], ¹³ CO ₂ absorbance ¹³ abs (S) is, ¹³ abs (S) = - is determined by the log _{^{[2 13 S (13 R 2 +}} 13 R 3) ].

As described above, when calculating the absorbance, the average value of the light amounts of the reference measurements performed before and after is taken, and the absorbance is calculated using the average value and the light amount obtained by the sample gas measurement. Therefore, the influence of the drift can be offset. In addition, III. Base gas measurement → reference gas measurement → base gas measurement,
If the procedure of sample gas measurement → reference gas measurement → sample gas measurement, etc. is adopted, the absorbance ¹² Abs (S) of ¹² CO ₂ of the sample gas is ¹² Abs (S) = − log [( ¹² S _{1 ^{+ 12 S 2) / 2 12}} R ] at sought, ¹³ CO ₂ absorbance ¹³ Abs (S) is, ¹³ Abs (S) = - in log _{^{[(13 S 1 + 13 S 2}} ) / 2 13 R ! Desired. Here, R is the transmitted light amount of the reference gas, and S ₁ and S ₂ are the transmitted light amounts of the sample gas before and after the measurement of the reference gas, respectively. IV-3. Calculation of Concentration The concentration of ¹² CO _{2 and} the concentration of ¹³ CO ₂ are determined using a calibration curve.

The calibration curve is prepared using a gas to be measured having a known ¹² CO ₂ concentration and a gas to be measured having a known ¹³ CO ₂ concentration. Strictly speaking, a gas containing ¹² CO ₂ and a gas containing ¹³ CO ₂ are measured independently, and a gas containing ¹² CO ₂ and ¹³ CO ₂ is measured. So, the absorbance of ¹³ CO ₂ will be different. This is because the wavelength filter used has a bandwidth and the absorption spectrum of ¹² CO _{2 and} the absorption spectrum of ¹³ CO ₂ overlap. In the book shelf determination, since a gas in which ¹² CO ₂ and ¹³ CO ₂ are mixed is to be measured, it is necessary to correct the overlap when determining a calibration curve. In this measurement, data obtained by correcting the partial overlap of the absorption spectrum is actually used.

[0047] The ¹² CO ₂ concentration is obtained a calibration curve, ¹² the CO ₂ concentration taking 20 points in the range of about 0% to 6%, measuring the absorbance of ¹² CO _2. The curve passing through each data point is determined using the least squares method. The approximation by the quadratic equation resulted in a curve with relatively few errors.
In the present embodiment, a calibration curve approximated by a quadratic equation is employed.

Next, five points of data are taken in the vicinity of the concentration of ¹² CO ₂ determined for the base gas using the above calibration curve. This 5-point data range is equivalent to 1.5% in terms of the concentration range, and is 1/4 of the calibration curve range (6%) obtained above. Then, a calibration curve is created again in this narrow range. When a calibration curve is created using such a narrow range of data, it is recognized that the fitting between the data and the approximate curve is improved, and the error in creating the calibration curve is extremely reduced. Therefore, using the re-created calibration curve, the absorbance of the base gas was ¹² Abs.
From (B), calculate the concentration of the component gas.

Similarly, for the sample gas, ¹² CO
_Find the concentration of ₂ . Next, determine the calibration curve for ¹³ CO ₂ concentration, the ¹³ CO ₂ concentration 0.00% 0.07%
Take 20 points in the range and measure the absorbance of ¹³ CO ₂ . The curve passing through each data point is determined using the least squares method. Since the curve approximated by the quadratic equation has a relatively small error curve, the calibration curve approximated by the quadratic equation is employed in the present embodiment.

Next, five points of data are obtained near the concentration of ¹³ CO ₂ determined using the above calibration curve for the base gas. This 5-point data range corresponds to 0.015% in terms of the concentration range, which is 1/4 of the calibration curve range (0.07%) obtained above. Then, a calibration curve is created again in this narrow range. When a calibration curve is created using such a narrow range of data, it is recognized that the fitting between the data and the approximate curve is improved, and the error in creating the calibration curve is extremely reduced. Therefore, the concentration of the component gas is determined from the absorbance ¹³ Abs (B) of the base gas using the re-created calibration curve.

Next, the same applies to sample gas.
¹³ Determine the concentration of CO ₂ . The concentration of ¹² CO ₂ in the base gas, determined using the calibration curve, is calculated as ¹² Conc (B),
Further corrected the concentration of ¹³ CO ₂ in the base gas
¹³ Conc (B), the concentration of ¹² CO ₂ in the sample gas ¹²
Conc (S), the concentration of ¹³ CO ₂ in the corrected sample gas is written as ¹³ Conc (S). IV-4. Calculation of concentration ratio The concentration ratio between ¹³ CO ₂ and ¹² CO ₂ is determined. The ¹³ CO ₂ concentration ratio in the base gas is: ¹³ Conc (B) / ¹² Conc (B) The ¹³ CO ₂ concentration ratio in the sample gas is obtained by ¹³ ConC (S) / ¹² Conc (S).

The concentration ratio was ¹³ Conc (B) / ¹² Conc (B)
^{+ 13 Conc (B), 13} Conc (S) / 12 Conc (S) + 13 may be defined as Conc (S). ^{This is because} the concentration of ¹² CO ₂ is much higher than the concentration of ¹³ CO ₂ , so that both have substantially the same value. IV-5. ¹³ C ¹³ C variation in comparing the variation of the determined sample gas and the base gas is obtained by the following expression.

Δ ¹³ C = [concentration ratio of sample gas−concentration ratio of base gas] × 10 ³ / [concentration ratio of base gas]
(Unit: per mill (per thousand)) Modifications In the above example, the pipes 2a and 2b of the expiration bag 1 have different thicknesses, but any means may be used as long as the pipes 2a and 2b are not mistaken. For example, the depths of the nozzles N ₁ and N ₂ of the gas spectrometer may be made different so that the pipes have different lengths. According to this, even if the longer pipe is fitted into the shallow nozzle, there is a surplus, so the user notices that the pipe has been attached by mistake.

Further, the cross-sectional shape (circle, square, triangle, etc.) of the pipe may be changed.

[0055]

As described above, according to the expiratory bag according to the first aspect or the gas measuring device according to the second aspect, the expiration in the expiration accumulation chamber of one expiration bag is changed to the expiration in the other expiration accumulation chamber. It is possible to surely eliminate the mistake of inadvertently leading to the gas measuring device when exhaling, and to obtain a correct measurement result. The expiratory bag or gas according to claim 3 to 6.
According to the measuring device, the following additional effects can be obtained.
You.

According to the expiration bag of the third aspect, the provision of the resistance applying means makes it possible to collect exhalation from the lungs instead of exhalation remaining in the mouth, thereby reducing measurement errors. . According to the expiration bag of the fourth aspect, since water in the expiration can be removed by the filter, deterioration of the optical measurement accuracy can be prevented.
In particular, when measuring using infrared rays, the removal of water is effective.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the exhalation-inlet tube is provided with a valve for preventing backflow of exhaled air at the time of exhaled air collection, the exhaled air does not leak. According to the gas measuring device of the sixth aspect, since the exhalation-inlet tube is provided with a valve for preventing backflow of exhaled air at the time of exhalation collection, the exhaled exhaled air does not leak and is exhaled through the exhalation-introduction tube. When the gas is introduced into the gas measuring device, the function of the valve can be stopped in a state where the exhalation introducing pipe is attached, so that the collected exhaled gas can be smoothly introduced into the gas measuring device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing an exhalation bag set in a nozzle of an isotope gas spectrometer.

FIG. 2 is a partial view showing a pipe connected to a tip of an expiration bag.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the isotope gas spectrometer.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a structure of a cell chamber.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a gas flow path when a clean reference gas is flown through a gas flow path and a cell chamber of the isotope gas spectrometer for cleaning.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a gas flow path when a clean reference gas is flown through a gas flow path and a cell chamber of the isotope gas spectrometer to perform cleaning and reference measurement.

FIG. 7 shows a first sample cell 11a having a reference gas;
It is a figure which shows the state in which the base gas is inhaled by the gas injector 21 from the expiration bag so that it may not flow through the 2nd sample cell 11b.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a gas flow path when a light quantity is measured by detecting elements 25a and 25b by mechanically extruding a base gas at a constant speed using a gas injector 21 after sucking a base gas. FIG.

FIG. 9 shows that the reference gas is a first sample cell 11a,
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which a sample gas is being sucked in from a breath bag by a gas injector 21 so as not to flow through a second sample cell 11b.

FIG. 10 shows a gas injector 2 after sucking a sample gas.
1 is a diagram showing a gas flow path when a sample gas is mechanically extruded at a constant speed by using a reference numeral 1 and light amounts are measured by respective detection elements 25a and 25b.

[Explanation of symbols]

D infrared detecting device L infrared light source device M _1, M ₂ flowmeters N _1, N ₂ nozzle V ₁ ~V ₄ valve 1 breath bag 1a, 1b breath collection chamber 2a, 2b pipes 3a, 3b check valves 4a, 4b fine Diameter part 7a, 7b Filter 11a First sample cell 11b Second sample cell 11c Reference cell 21 Gas injector 24a First wavelength filter 25a First detection element 24b Second wavelength filter 25b Second detection element

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP 7-33303 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01N 33/497 A61B 5/08 G01N 1 / 02

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of exhalation storage chambers, each of which is connected to another container, for accumulating a plurality of types of exhaled breath, respectively.
An exhalation bag having a plurality of exhalation introduction pipes each of which guides the exhalation in each exhalation accumulation chamber to a plurality of inlets of a gas measurement device for measuring exhalation, wherein the exhalation introduction tube includes an introduction of the gas measurement device. A respiratory bag having a shape that prevents the mouth from being worn by mistake. 2. A method for measuring expiration stored in an exhalation bag having a plurality of exhalation accumulation chambers in which containers are connected to each other and a plurality of exhalation introduction tubes for introducing a plurality of types of exhalation from a living body into the exhalation accumulation chamber. A plurality of exhalation introduction ports for guiding exhalation in an exhalation accumulation chamber through the exhalation introduction tube, wherein the exhalation introduction openings are prevented from being attached to each other by the exhalation introduction tubes. A gas measuring device having a shape. The 3. Before SL breath introduction pipe, during exhalation collection, breath bag according to claim 1, wherein the resistance imparting means for imparting a resistance to the blowing of the breath are provided. The 4. Before SL breath introduction pipe, during exhalation collection, breath bag according to claim 1, characterized in that a detachable filter for removing moisture in the breath are provided. 5. The front Symbol breath introduction pipe, claims, characterized in that the valve to prevent backflow of exhalation to be collected is provided
Item 7. The expiratory bag according to Item 1 . From 6. Before SL breath bag has a breath inlet for guiding the exhalation through front with check valve <br/> Symbol breath introduction pipe, this exhalation inlet breath injection pipe is mounted In the state,
3. The gas measuring device according to claim 2, further comprising means for stopping the function of the check valve.