JP3237533B2 - General lighting fluorescent lamps - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluorescent lamp for general lighting which aims at designing a color environment of indoor lighting preferably.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, as a method for quantitatively evaluating the color rendering of a light source, there is a "method for evaluating the fidelity of color appearance". This is a method for quantitatively evaluating how faithfully the target lamp reproduces the color compared to the reference light, and is currently specified in JIS Z 8726 "Method for evaluating the color rendering of light sources". It is represented by the numerical value of the average color rendering index Ra.
At present, fluorescent lamps are also being developed with the aim of improving the average color rendering index Ra and improving the brightness efficiency.

[0003]

On the other hand, in addition to the evaluation of the fidelity of the appearance of color, "a method of evaluating the preference of the appearance of color"
Has been studied recently. This method is a method for quantitatively evaluating whether the target lamp has a color shift when compared with the reference light, and whether the color shift is a shift in a preferable direction or a shift in an unfavorable direction.
This evaluation of the favorable color appearance is one of the important color rendering characteristics of the light source, but a standardized method has not yet been determined to date and is a subject for future research.

[0004] Regarding the preference of color appearance, human skin color, food, fresh flowers and green leaves are important objects. Among them, lamps for displaying foods, such as meat and fresh fish, and lamps for ornamental plants, such as fresh flowers and leaves, have already been developed. However, these food display lamps and plant ornamental lamps are so-called special lamps for specific applications, and the light colors of the lamps are pinkish. Therefore, such a special lamp cannot be substituted for general lighting.

In the development of general lighting lamps for houses, offices, shops, and the like, the appearance of colors of color objects that are important to the lighting environment, such as human skin color, fresh flowers, green leaves, and wall colors, is shown in a well-balanced manner. However, it is important to develop a unique lamp. Among them, we focused on human flesh color, clarified the preferred flesh color region by experiments, and produced a fluorescent lamp that shows flesh color favorably.
On the other hand, based on long-term research results, it has been revealed that lighting objects can be evaluated based on the conspicuous index developed from the concept of conspicuousness for color objects other than skin color such as fresh flowers and green leaves (for example, "Color Research Application" (Hashimoto et al .: Visual Clarity and Feeli)
ng of Contrast, Color Research and Application, 1
9, 3, June, (1994)), Hashimoto et al .: "Method of evaluating color rendering properties of light source based on conspicuousness", Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan, 79, 11, (1995), Japanese Patent Application No. 4-333919. Based on the results, we
A fluorescent lamp was created for the purpose of making colored objects, such as fresh flowers and green leaves, look beautiful and desirable under general lighting conditions. However, in producing the present fluorescent lamp, the use of a deep red phosphor is indispensable, and there has been a problem that the luminous flux is reduced in principle compared with the current three-wavelength band fluorescent lamp.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a luminous flux of 485 nm to 515 nm, which is a wavelength range for reducing the conspicuous index M, and a luminous flux of 565 nm to 5
485 nm to 515 nm for 95 nm radiant flux
Of the radiant flux of 565 nm to 595 nm
15% ratio r for radiant flux from 80 nm to 780 nm
By reducing the amount of light emission of deep red as much as possible by increasing the following, the conspicuous index M is increased, and a preferable lighting color environment particularly suitable for main lighting such as a house, a store, and an office is obtained, and the efficiency is improved. A fluorescent lamp for general lighting is realized.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention relates to 485 nm to 485 nm to 515 nm radiation and 565 nm to 595 nm radiation, which are wavelength ranges for reducing the conspicuous index M.
m to 515 nm radiant flux and 565 nm to 595 nm
The ratio r of the sum of the radiant fluxes of 380 to 780 nm to the radiant flux of 380 nm to 780 nm is set to 15% or less, and the conspicuous index M is increased by reducing the amount of deep red light emitted as much as possible.
In particular, a preferable lighting color environment suitable for main lighting such as a house, a store, and an office is obtained, and an efficient fluorescent lamp for general lighting is realized.

First, the outline of the conspicuous index M will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the degree of conspicuousness of the color object illuminated under each illumination lamp is determined by the brightness (B) of the nonlinear color perception model of Naya et al.
Colorfulness (Mr-g, My-b) (for example, "Color Research Application" (Naya et al., Color Research
and Application, 20, 3, (1995))).

In particular, since the test color that greatly contributes to the conspicuousness is red, the area surrounded by the red, blue, and green test colors and the red, yellow, and green test colors are based on the red test color. The sum of the enclosed areas was defined as the color gamut area of the four test colors. Based on the color gamut area of the four test colors, the conspicuous index M is given by equation (1).

G (S, 1000 (lx)) in the equation (1) indicates the color gamut area of the four test colors under the sample light source S and the illuminance of 1000 (lx), and G (D65, 1000 (lx)).
x)) is the reference light source D65 and the reference illuminance 1000 (l
The color gamut area of the four test colors under x) is shown.

M = [G (S, 1000 (lx) / G (D65,1000 (lx))] ^1.6 × 100 (1) That is, the color gamut area of the four-color test color under any illumination lamp light S Shows an area equivalent to the color gamut area under the standard light D65 light, that is, when a conspicuous feeling equivalent to the standard light D65 light is obtained, the conspicuous index M of the lamp is 1
00 was standardized. As this conspicuous index M increases,
Color objects such as fresh flowers and green leaves can be made to stand out.

Next, 3 which is widely used at present is
380 nm to 780 nm for wavelength range fluorescent lamps (6700K) and broadband white fluorescent lamps (4178K)
Of the spectral radiation intensities in the visible wavelength range, to determine which wavelength range reduces the conspicuous index M, the conspicuous index M was calculated for 41 types of illumination lamps prepared by cutting the spectral radiant intensity every 10 nm. 3 and 4 show the results obtained by calculating the change in.

FIG. 3 shows the result of a fluorescent lamp of the three-wavelength band emission type. The horizontal axis indicates the cut wavelength, and the vertical axis indicates the value of the conspicuous index M. As is apparent from FIG. 3, from around 460 nm to around 520 nm, and from around 550 nm to 600 nm.
It can be seen that the value of the conspicuous index M when the wavelengths in the vicinity are cut is higher than when no wavelength is cut.

FIG. 4 shows the result of a broadband light emitting fluorescent lamp. The horizontal axis shows the cut wavelength, and the vertical axis shows the conspicuous index M
Shows the value of As is clear from FIG. 4, the value of the conspicuous index M is higher when the wavelengths around 470 nm to around 500 nm and around 550 nm to around 600 nm are cut than when no wavelengths are cut.

[0015] Therefore, regardless of the type of light emission type, in a fluorescent lamp, blue light emission from around 460 nm to 520 nm
It was revealed that the wavelength around nm and the wavelength around 550 nm to around 600 nm of yellow light emission were in the wavelength region where the conspicuous index M was reduced.

On the other hand, JIS Z 9112 specifies the radiant flux ratio of three wavelengths among the spectral distribution characteristics of a three-wavelength band fluorescent lamp.

That is, from 445 nm of blue emission to 475
nm, green light emission 525 nm to 555 nm, red light emission 59
It specifies that the radiant flux in the three wavelength ranges from 5 nm to 625 nm is at least 50% or more of the radiant flux in the 380 nm to 780 nm wavelength range.

According to this regulation, blue light emission, green light emission,
The wavelength width is 30 nm for each red emission. In addition, the blue-green light emission and yellow light emission revealed in this experiment
Blue light emission, green light emission, and red light emission are wavelength ranges in which the color and properties are completely different.

Therefore, the wavelength ranges of blue-green light emission and yellow light emission are specified so that the wavelength ranges do not overlap and the wavelength width is 30 nm.

That is, the wavelength range of blue-green light emission is 485 nm to 515 nm, and the wavelength range of yellow light emission is 565 nm to 595 nm.
And These wavelength ranges are wavelength ranges in which the conspicuous index M is reduced as described above.

Next, with respect to the current fluorescent lamp for general illumination, the radiant flux from 485 nm to 515 nm and 565 nm
From 380 nm to 780 n of the sum of the radiant flux from 595 nm to 595 nm
The ratio r (%) to the radiant flux of m was determined by the equation (2).

R = (P _BG + P _Y ) / P _T × 100 (%) (2) Here, P _BG , P _Y , and P _T are represented by the equations (3), (4), and (5), respectively. You.

P _BG = (S _{5 (485)} + S _{5 (515)} ) / 2 + ΣS _{5 (485 + 5n)} (where n = 1 to 5) (3) P _Y = (S _{5 (565)} + S _{5 (595)} ) / 2 + ΣS5 _{(565 + 5n)} (However, n = 1 to 5) (4) _PT = ΣS5 _{(375 + 5n)} (where n = 1 to 81) (5) Here S _{5 (} λ ₎ is the spectral distribution of wavelength λ at 5 nm intervals, n
Represents a positive integer.

(Table 1) shows the calculation result by the equation (2).

[0025]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, r is 15%
The following fluorescent lamps for general illumination do not exist. In other words, if a fluorescent lamp for general lighting with r of 15% or less is made, a lamp with a higher conspicuous index than the current fluorescent lamp for general lighting can be made. And an efficient lamp can be created.

Further, as is apparent from Japanese Patent Application No. 7-215842, the optimum conspicuous index M of a fluorescent lamp for general lighting is the correlated color temperature T and the reciprocal correlated color temperature Mr (10 ⁶ / T) of the discharge lamp. In relation to, M ≧ 7.5 × 10 ⁻² Mr
+101.5 and M ≦ 7.5 × 10 ^-2 Mr +129.5 and 100
(MK ^-1 ) ≦ Mr ≦ 385 (MK ⁻¹ ) (2600 (K) ≦ T ≦ 10000
(K)), the conspicuous index M of the general fluorescent lamp can be designed within this range to provide a fluorescent lamp for general illumination that preferably reproduces the color of the illumination environment.

Next, the relative spectral distribution of the fluorescent lamp for general illumination manufactured as one embodiment of the present invention is shown. An example of the relative spectral distribution of each fluorescent lamp is 400 nm to 460 nm,
It can be constituted by a combination of phosphors having peak wavelengths from 500 nm to 550 nm and from 600 nm to 670 nm.

The phosphor has a peak wavelength of 400 nm to 46 nm.
Bivalent europium-activated blue phosphor having a wavelength of 0 nm, terbium or terbium / cerium-activated green phosphor having a peak wavelength of 500 to 550 nm, and a peak wavelength of 6
A trivalent europium or manganese-activated red phosphor having a wavelength of from 00 nm to 670 nm can be used.

As an example, the fluorescence from 400 nm to 460 nm
Body is Sr_TwoP_TwoO₇:EU²⁺, Sr_Ten(PO_Four)₆Cl _Two:EU²⁺, (Sr, Ca)
_Ten(PO_Four)₆Cl_Two:EU²⁺, (Sr, Ca)_Ten(PO_Four)₆Cl_Two・ NB_TwoO_Three:EU²⁺And B
aMg_TwoAl_{1 6}O₂₇:EU²⁺And so on.

The phosphor of 500 nm to 550 nm is LaPO ₄ :
Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ , La ₂ O ₃・ 0.2SiO ₂・ 0.9P ₂ O: Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ , CeMgAl
₁₁ O ₁₉ : Tb ³⁺ , GdMgB ₅ O ₁₀ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ^{3+ and the} like.

The phosphor of 600 nm to 670 nm is made of Y ₂ O ₃ : E
u ³⁺ , GdMgB ₅ O ₁₀ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ , Mn ²⁺ or GdMgB ₅ O ₁₀ : Ce ³⁺ , M
n ²⁺ , Mg ₆ As ₂ O ₁₁ : Mn ⁴⁺ and 3.5MgO · 0.5MgF ₂ · GeO ₂ : Mn ⁴⁺ .

(First Embodiment of Fluorescent Lamp)
First, an example of a 2800K fluorescent lamp composed of four phosphors will be described. FIG. 1 shows Sr ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu ²⁺ and LaPO
₄ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ and Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu ³⁺ and 3.5MgO ・ 0.5MgF ₂・ GeO ₂ : Mn 4
5 is a spectral distribution of a fluorescent lamp in which two phosphors are mixed in a weight ratio of 1.5: 23.7: 44.9: 29.9 in order. The sum of the radiant flux of 485 nm to 515 nm and the radiant flux of 565 nm to 595 nm of the fluorescent lamp of FIG. 1 is 380 nm to 780 nm.
Is 14.2%, and the conspicuous index M is 135.

Therefore, the fluorescent lamp shown in the present embodiment can provide a fluorescent lamp for general lighting that particularly looks fresh and vivid in green of fresh flowers and leaves, and preferably reproduces the color of the lighting environment.

(Second Embodiment of Fluorescent Lamp) Next, the sum of the radiant flux of 485 nm to 515 nm and the radiant flux of 565 nm to 595 nm is 380 nm to 780 nm.
An example is shown in which the ratio r to the radiant flux is set to 10% or less.
Since r is set to 10% or less, the luminous flux of deep red can be further reduced, so that an efficient fluorescent lamp can be provided.

This embodiment shows an example of a fluorescent lamp which does not use a deep red phosphor. FIG. 5 shows BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu ²⁺
₅ is a spectral distribution of a fluorescent lamp in which phosphors of LaPO ₄ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ and Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu ³⁺ are partially improved. 485 of the fluorescent lamp of FIG.
515 nm to 515 nm radiant flux and 565 nm to 595 n
The ratio r of the sum of the radiant flux of m to the radiant flux of 380 nm to 780 nm is 4.2%, and the conspicuous index M is 121.

Therefore, the fluorescent lamp shown in the present embodiment is particularly effective in general lighting because the green color of fresh flowers and leaves looks vivid and clear, reproduces the illumination environment in a preferable color, and contains no deep red light. Fluorescent lamps can be provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, an example of the embodiment is shown, but it goes without saying that there are various other combinations of phosphors.

Further, the chromaticity point of the light color of the fluorescent lamp is
1960 Chromaticity deviation Δ from chromaticity point of blackbody locus on uv chromaticity diagram
By making u and v exist in a chromaticity range larger than -0.003 and smaller than +0.010, the white wall can be made white and suitable as a fluorescent lamp for general illumination as a light color of natural illumination light.

Further, the chromaticity point of the light color of the fluorescent lamp is
1960 Chromaticity deviation Δ from chromaticity point of blackbody locus on uv chromaticity diagram
By making u, v be in the chromaticity range larger than 0 and smaller than +0.010, the brightness efficiency can be increased. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the chromaticity deviation Δu, v is defined as S (u, v), the chromaticity point of the light color of the light source, the perpendicular drawn from the chromaticity point S to the blackbody locus, and the blackbody. When the intersection with the locus is P (u _o , v _o ), it is defined by the distance SP between the chromaticity point S and the intersection P on the CIE 1960uv chromaticity diagram.

However, when the chromaticity point S is on the upper left side of the locus of the black body (on the greenish side), the chromaticity deviation is positive (Δu, v>
0), the chromaticity deviation is negative (Δu, v <0) when it is on the lower right side (reddish light color side).

[0042]

As described above, according to the present invention, at least indoor flowers, vegetation, human skin color, and the like can be reproduced in a preferable color, and the color environment of indoor lighting can be efficiently improved. Provide a fluorescent lamp for general lighting.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a relative spectral distribution diagram of a fluorescent lamp according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conspicuous index M which is a basic concept of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a cut wavelength and a conspicuous index M of a first fluorescent lamp.
Relationship with

FIG. 4 shows a cut wavelength and a conspicuous index M of a second fluorescent lamp.
Relationship with

FIG. 5 is a relative spectral distribution diagram of the fluorescent lamp according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a chromaticity deviation SP.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-9-120797 (JP, A) JP-A-4-324241 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01J 61/30-61/48

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. Radiation flux from 485 nm to 515 nm and 565 nm to 595
The ratio r of the sum of the radiant flux of nm to the radiant flux of 380 nm to 780 nm
Is 15% or less, and the fluorescent lamp S for general lighting has an illuminance of 1000
The color gamut area of the four test colors under (lx) is G (S, 1000 (lx)).
And the standard light D65 is the color of the four-color test color under an illuminance of 1000 (lx).
The area is G (D65, 1000 (lx)), and the conspicuous index M is M = (G
(S, 1000 (lx)) / G (D65,1000 (lx))] When expressed as ^1.6 × 100,
In the relationship between the conspicuous index M and the reciprocal correlation color temperature Mr, M ≧
7.5 × 10 ^-2 Mr + 101.5, M ≦ 7.5 × 10 ^-2 Mr + 129.5,100 (MK
^-1 ) ≦ Mr ≦ 385 (MK ⁻¹ ) A fluorescent lamp for general lighting, characterized by being present in a range of: 2. Radiation flux from 485 nm to 515 nm and 565 nm to 595
The ratio r of the sum of the radiant flux of nm to the radiant flux of 380 nm to 780 nm
Is 10% or less, and the fluorescent lamp S for general lighting has an illuminance of 1000
The color gamut area of the four test colors under (lx) is G (S, 1000 (lx)).
And the standard light D65 is the color of the four-color test color under an illuminance of 1000 (lx).
The area is G (D65, 1000 (lx)), and the conspicuous index M is M = (G
(S, 1000 (lx)) / G (D65,1000 (lx))] When expressed as ^1.6 × 100,
In the relationship between the conspicuous index M and the reciprocal correlation color temperature Mr, M ≧
7.5 × 10 ^-2 Mr + 101.5, M ≦ 7.5 × 10 ^-2 Mr + 129.5,100 (MK
^-1 ) ≦ Mr ≦ 385 (MK ⁻¹ ) A fluorescent lamp for general lighting, characterized by being present in a range of: 3. The chromaticity point of the light color of the fluorescent lamp is CIE
The fluorescent lamp for general illumination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a chromaticity deviation from a black body locus on a 1960 uv chromaticity diagram exists in a chromaticity range larger than -0.003 and smaller than +0.010. . 4. The chromaticity point of the light color of the fluorescent lamp is CIE
The fluorescent lamp for general illumination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a chromaticity deviation from a blackbody locus on a 1960 uv chromaticity diagram exists in a chromaticity range larger than 0 and smaller than +0.010. 5. A blue phosphor having a peak wavelength of the phosphor of the fluorescent lamp of 400 to 460 nm, and a blue phosphor of 500 to 5 nm.
5. The fluorescent lamp for general illumination according to claim 3, wherein the fluorescent lamp is composed of a combination of a 50 nm green phosphor and a 600 nm to 670 nm red phosphor. 6. The phosphor has a peak wavelength of 400 nm.
From 460 nm to a divalent europium-activated blue phosphor, terbium having a peak wavelength from 500 nm to 550 nm, or terbium / cerium-activated green phosphor.
6. The fluorescent lamp for general illumination according to claim 5, wherein the fluorescent lamp is a trivalent europium or manganese-activated red phosphor having a peak wavelength of 600 nm to 670 nm.