JP3235505U - A cover member and a cap body having a cover member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cover member capable of preventing heat from staying in a covered portion while sufficiently suppressing sunlight reaching a user, and a cap body to which the cover member is attached. SOLUTION: This is a cover member 10 having flexibility and elasticity that can be connected to a predetermined position of a cap body 11 such as a hat and a helmet, and the sheet-shaped cover main body portion 12 and the cover main body portion 12 are attached to the cap body. A top having a hanging lower portion 13 connectable to the main body 11a, and a cover main body portion 12 covering the base cloth, the wavelength-selective emission layer arranged on the outer surface of the base cloth, and the outer surface of the wavelength-selective emission layer. Formed by a radiative cooling sheet with a coat layer, the wavelength-selective emission layer is composed of a metamaterial in which the dielectric particles are dispersed in the polymer matrix and the average emission rate of infrared rays having a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm is 0.8 or more. It is formed. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a cover member and a cap body for shielding the head and / or the neck from the irradiated sunlight and alleviating heat retention.

Conventionally, various cover members such as a neck guard have been proposed in order to shield the back of the head of a pedestrian or the like from being irradiated with sunlight when going out during the daytime. For example, Patent Document 1 below proposes a neck guard that is easy to handle, has excellent usability and fashionability, and protects the neck from ultraviolet rays and the like. This neck guard is formed by joining both ends of a lace cloth material using ultraviolet shielding characteristic fibers by sewing a bag or the like.

Utility Model Registration No. 3140287 Gazette U.S. Patent 10,502,505 B2

However, the conventional neck cover covers the user's neck with a cloth material or the like in order to shield the sunlight irradiation, and there is a problem that heat tends to stay in the part covered by the neck cover. there were. In Patent Document 1, although heat retention and stuffiness can be reduced by improving air permeability by using a lace material, if an excessive gap is provided, sunlight is irradiated through the gap. It was not easy to prevent heat retention while sufficiently blocking sunlight.

Therefore, in the present invention, a cover member capable of effectively removing or preventing heat retention in a covered portion while sufficiently suppressing sunlight reaching the user, and a cap body to which the cover member is attached are provided. The purpose is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a flexible cover member that can be hung from the rear part of a cap body such as a hat or a helmet to be worn on the head, and is a sheet-shaped cover main body and a cover. The cover main body includes a base cloth, a reflective layer arranged on the outer surface of the base cloth, and a wavelength-selective emission layer arranged on the reflective layer. It is characterized by being formed by a radiative cooling sheet having a top coat layer covering the outer surface of the wavelength selective emission layer.
The wavelength-selective emission layer of the cover member is preferably formed of a metamaterial in which dielectric particles are dispersed in a polymer matrix and the average emission rate of infrared rays having a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm is 0.8 or more.

The cover member of the present invention preferably has a solar reflectance of 0.8 or more in the wavelength range of 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm in the radiative cooling sheet.

The outer surface of the base fabric is preferably covered with a functional material layer.

In the cover member of the present invention, the upper edge is formed linearly along the lower edge of the cap body, and the lower edge is formed in a curved shape so that the distance from the upper edge is long in the middle portion and is reduced on both the left and right sides. .. The hanging lower portion may have a clip for holding a part of the cap body from inside or outside, or a belt attached to the part of the cap body.
Further, the cover member of the present invention is suspended from the cap body, and one end or both left and right ends of the cover body part is extended to the front surface of the user's face to cover the lower part of the user's face, thereby functioning as a face guard. There may be.

The present invention further provides a cap body in which at least a part of a collar portion or a crown portion is molded by the radiative cooling sheet, and the cap body may be integrated by detachably attaching the cover member. ..

According to the present invention, the cover member to be attached to the cap body is preferably a metamaterial in which dielectric particles are dispersed in a polymer matrix to form a layer having an average emission rate of infrared rays having a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm of 0.8 or more. Since the wavelength-selective emission layer of the above is provided, the heat around the back of the head covered with the cover member worn by the user can be concentrated and emitted to the infrared wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm. Therefore, the irradiation of sunlight can be effectively shielded and reflected, and the heat generated in the back of the head covered by the cover member can be emitted as infrared rays having a wavelength of a so-called atmospheric window.
As a result, if the user suspends and attaches the cover member to, for example, the rear part of the cap body, the back of the head including the neck circumference below the user's cap body can be covered with the cover member, and the cover member can be attached to the user. You can go out comfortably by preventing heat from staying in the covered area while sufficiently suppressing the irradiation of sunlight. Further, if the cap body itself is also molded with a radiative cooling sheet having the same configuration as the cover member, the user's head can also be protected from the sun's rays.

If the radiative cooling sheet constituting the cover member of the present invention has a solar reflectance of 0.8 or more in the wavelength range of 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm, it efficiently reflects sunlight radiated from the outside. It can emit light, and the heat dissipation effect of the wavelength-selective emission layer can be improved.

If the outer surface of the base fabric is covered with the functional material layer, the base cloth supporting the wavelength-selective emission layer does not come into direct contact with the user, for example, a cooling sensation material layer having water absorption as the functional material layer. If you use, you can absorb the sweat of the user and further improve the feeling of coolness and usability.

If the upper edge of the cover member is formed in a straight line along the lower edge of the cap body, the gap between the cover member and the cap body becomes smaller and fits when the cover member is attached to the cap body. , The cool feeling of the user's head is improved. Further, if the distance from the upper edge of the lower edge of the cover member is long in the middle portion and is formed in a curved shape so as to be reduced on both the left and right sides, the user's neck and the lower side thereof are twisted by the cover member in the intermediate portion. While covering widely, both left and right sides can be placed above the user's shoulders. Therefore, it is easy to surround the neck with the cover member, and the cover member can be widely covered behind the neck, and a cool feeling can be maintained.

If the lower part of the suspension of the cover member has a belt that holds a part of the cap body from inside and outside, for example, a fish clip is attached and / or is attached to a part of the cap body, the cover member can be attached to the cap very easily. It can be attached to the body, and by attaching the belt to a part of the cap body, it is possible to prevent the cover member from falling off from the cap body, and it is possible to achieve both usability and a sense of security during use.
If one or both ends of the left and right ends of the cover body is extended to the front of the user's face and the ends are locked with a locking tool, not only the back of the head of the user but also the lower part of the face can be locked. Since it can cover up to, it can also function as a face guard.

It is a perspective view of an example in which the cap body to which the cover member of this invention is attached is shown from the rear, and the cap body is used as a cap. It is a front view of the cover member of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the cover member of this invention. It is a rear perspective view which shows the modification of the cap body of this invention, and attached the cover member to the helmet as a cap body.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The cap body of the present invention can be applied to hats such as caps and hats, work helmets, etc. The cover member 10 to be held is detachably attached. This embodiment shows an example of the cap 11, and shows an example in which the cover member 10 is configured as, for example, a neck guard that can be hung from the rear portion of the hat main body 11a.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hat body 11a has a crown portion 11b and a flange portion 11c protruding forward from the crown portion 11b. A recess 11d that opens downward is provided behind the crown portion 11b, and the gaps between the open ends of the recess 11d are connected by an adjuster 11e for adjusting the peripheral length of the hat body 11a. The hat body 11a may be formed of various materials such as fibers of natural materials such as cotton cloth and synthetic resin, but in the present embodiment, the material constituting the outer surface of the hat body 11a is the cover body portion described later. A radiative cooling sheet 20 similar to 12 can be applied.

The cover member 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 includes a sheet-shaped cover main body portion 12 and a hanging lower portion 13 for connecting the cover main body portion 12 to the hat main body 11a. In the cover main body portion 12, the upper edge adjacent to the hat main body 11a is formed in a straight line shape, and the lower edge is formed in a curved shape. Has a shape to be used.

As shown in FIG. 3 described later, the cover main body portion 12 includes a radiative cooling sheet 20 and, if necessary, a functional material layer 15 that covers the outer surface of the base cloth 21, for example, a water-absorbing cooling sensation material layer. It has at least the flexibility to be curved and placed around the neck, the flexibility to be freely deformable, and more preferably the elasticity. The functional material layer 15 is made of, for example, a cooling sensation material layer. For example, the cooling sensation material layer 15 may be sewn on the base cloth 21. When the base cloth 21 includes the cooling sensation material layer 15, it may be provided with a peripheral edge reinforcing portion 16 (see FIG. 1) that reinforces the peripheral edge in a state where these are integrally stacked so as not to be separated.

The radiative cooling sheet 20 includes a base cloth 21, a reflective layer 24 arranged in close contact with the outer surface of the base cloth 21 or via another layer, and a wavelength-selective emission layer 22 arranged on the reflective layer 24. The top coat layer 23 that covers the outer surface of the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 is sequentially laminated and formed. Here, the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 of the radiative cooling sheet 20 has an action of absorbing electromagnetic waves in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum of the shining sunlight and releasing them into space through an atmospheric window of, for example, 7 μm to 14 μm. .. Further, the lower reflective layer 24 reflects the electromagnetic spectrum of sunlight transmitted through the wavelength-selective emission layer 22, for example, infrared rays, visible light and ultraviolet rays other than 7 μm to 14 μm, and the reflective layer 24 is formed from the base cloth 21. The lower head and back of the base cloth 21 can be cooled by radiating the heat conducted through the base cloth 21 as infrared rays from the wavelength-selective emission layer 22. This radiative cooling system is described in detail in Patent Document 2 by the applicant. Therefore, by covering the head with the radiant cooling sheet 21 of the present invention, the user absorbs a part of the infrared rays of the shining sunlight, the other sunshine is reflected, and the heat of the head is used as the base cloth 21. It can be radiated and cooled as infrared light by the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 via.

The base cloth 21 is a layer for ensuring the strength of the cover main body portion 12, and a reflective layer 24 arranged directly or with another layer interposed therebetween is laminated on the outer surface side of the base cloth 21. As the base cloth 21, since the user of a hat or a work helmet uses it under the scorching sun, for example, a cloth made of natural fiber or synthetic fiber can be used. The surface of the base cloth 21 is preferably processed to be suitable for adhering the adjacent reflective layer 24, and is preferably provided with a primer-treated layer such as PU (polyurethane). be.
To prepare the radiative cooling sheet 20, a sheet in which a reflective layer 24, a wavelength-selective emission layer 22, and a topcoat layer 23 are laminated is prepared, and is reflected on the base cloth 21 by a method such as a knife coating method. It can be manufactured by adhering the layer 24 via a thin resin layer.

The reflective layer 24 is composed of, for example, an Ag layer, the thickness thereof can be 10 nm to 400 nm, but the sunlight transmitted through the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 is effectively reflected in order to improve the radiative cooling characteristics. The thickness is preferably 20 nm to 300 nm. The reflective layer 24 may be composed of, for example, an upper layer of Ag and a lower layer of two or more layers of Al layer. As a result, electromagnetic waves having an infrared wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm absorbed by the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 of sunlight are not transmitted to the lower side of the reflection layer 24, and are effectively directed to the surface side of the radiative cooling sheet 20. Can be reflected.

The wavelength-selective emission layer 22 described above is laminated on the surface side of the reflection layer 24. In the present embodiment, the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 is composed of a layer formed of a polymer matrix in which dielectric particles 22a are dispersed in a polymer. The wavelength-selective emission layer 22 is formed by dispersing the dielectric particles 22a in a polymer matrix in order to facilitate the emission of infrared rays in the wavelength range of the window of the atmosphere, for example, infrared rays having a wavelength of 7 to 17 μm, and is 7 μm to 14 μm. The average emission rate of infrared rays in the wavelength range of 1 is preferably 0.5 or more and 1.0 or less, preferably 0.8 (80%) or more, and the closer it is to 1, the more preferable.

Polymers constituting the polymer matrix include polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polymethylpentene (PMP). , 4-Methyl-1-pentene, (also referred to as 4-methyl-1-pentene)), polyvinylfluoride, a polymer selected from the group can be used.

The dielectric particles are preferably materials that can improve the emission rate of infrared rays by, for example, scattering effect or absorption resonance effect. For example, silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ), silicon carbide (SiC). , Zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ) and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) may be particles having an average diameter of 3 μm to 30 μm selected from the group. The proportion (volume%) of the dielectric particles in the polymer matrix is 1% to 25%. If the proportion of the dielectric particles in the polymer matrix is less than 1%, the radiative cooling characteristics are deteriorated, which is not preferable.

The topcoat layer 23 is a layer that can be in close contact with the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 to prevent damage to the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 and improve weather resistance, and the wavelength of the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 is 7 μm to 14 μm. It is preferable that the material does not inhibit the emission of infrared rays as much as possible. The top coat layer 23 can be appropriately selected depending on the wavelength selective emission layer 22, but it is preferably formed of a dielectric layer that allows sunlight to pass through, for example, TiO ₂ , SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O _{3, and the} like. It may be a layer such as a dielectric layer made of an inorganic material or a dielectric layer made of a resin such as PMMA or PET.

The radiative cooling sheet 20 is formed so as to be able to efficiently reflect the sunlight radiated from the outside by the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 and the reflection layer 24, and has a solar reflectance in the wavelength range of 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm. Is 0.7 (70%) or more, preferably 0.8 (80%) or more. In addition, the radiative cooling sheet 20 also has a UV cut of 99% or more, that is, a function of reflecting ultraviolet rays and a waterproof performance due to the above configuration.

In the present embodiment, if necessary, the inner surface of the radiative cooling sheet 20 may be covered with, for example, the inner surface of the base cloth 21 by the water-absorbing cooling sensation material layer 15. The water-absorbent cold sensation material layer 15 is a chemical fiber or the like that feels a cool sensation when it comes into contact with the skin, and is not particularly limited. For example, the contact cool sensation evaluation value Q-max is 0.2 W / cm ^2. That should be the above.

In the cover main body portion 12 of the present embodiment, the radiative cooling sheet 20 in which each layer is laminated and the cooling sensation material layer 15 are integrally stacked in an inseparable manner, and the peripheral reinforcing portion 16 such as a U-shaped binding or a band material is formed. The periphery is reinforced by.

The cover member 10 is detachably attached to the cap body 11 and used. In order to attach the cover member 10 to the cap body 11, the cover main body portion 12 is provided with a hanging lower portion 13 as a means for connecting to the cap body main body 11a. As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the hanging lower portion 13 is provided with clips 17 connected to the peripheral edge reinforcing portion 16 at both left and right ends of the upper edge of the cover main body portion 12, respectively, and the cover main body portion 12. It has a belt 18 provided at the center of the upper edge.

As the clip 17, for example, a part of the cap body 11a may be sandwiched from inside or outside, and a fish clip or the like can be used. The belt 18 extends upward from the clip 17 and has a length that can be wound around a part of the cap body 11a. The belt 18 is provided with a locking tool 18a such as a hook. In the present embodiment, the locking tool 18a provided on one end side of the belt 18 and the locked tool 18b provided at a plurality of upper and lower positions near the upper edge of the cover main body 12 to lock the locking tool 18a. And have.

In order to use the cover member 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the cover member 10 is connected and attached to the lower end of the rear portion of the cap body 11a by using the suspension lower portion 13. It can be used by hanging it behind. In order to attach the cover member 10 to the cap body 11a by the hanging lower portion 13, first, the belt 18 is wound around the adjuster 11e arranged in the recess 11d at the rear of the cap body 11a through the opening portion, and the belt 18 is wound on one end side. The stopper 18a is locked to one selected from the plurality of locked attachments 18b, and a part of the cap body 11a is sandwiched and attached from inside and outside by clips 17 at both left and right ends.

When the user covers the cap body 11 on the head in this state, the head of the user is covered by the cap body body 11a, and the back of the head, the neck, and the rear side near the base of the neck are covered by the cover member 10. As a result, the sunlight can be shielded and reflected, and the heat of the inner part facing the user can be released by utilizing the heat dissipation action of the radiative cooling sheet 20, so that the user can be comfortably covered like a shade. can.
When the cover body 12 is suspended from the cap body 11a and the cover body 12 is formed wide so that at least one of the left and right ends extends to the front surface of the user's face, the face of the user is formed. It can cover the bottom and can function as a face guard.

According to the present embodiment, the cap body 11a and the cover body 12 of the cover member 10 suspended from the cap body 11a are formed by a radiative cooling sheet having a wavelength-selective emission layer 22 on the outer surface of the base cloth 21. Therefore, the heat of the portion covered by the cap body 11 can be released together with the portion covered by the cover member 10.
In particular, since the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 is formed of a metamaterial in which dielectric particles are dispersed in a polymer matrix and has an average emission rate of infrared rays having a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm of 0.8 or more, the cap body 11a The heat of the portion covered by the cover member 10 can be concentrated and emitted to an infrared wavelength having a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm.

Therefore, when the user is irradiated with sunlight while going out, the sunlight can be shielded and reflected, and the heat generated in the portion covered by the cover member 10 can be emitted as infrared rays having a wavelength of a so-called atmospheric window. .. As a result, if the cover member 10 is hung from the rear portion of the cap body 11a and attached, the entire head and back of the head of the user are covered with the radiative cooling sheet 20, and the sunlight reaching the user is sufficiently suppressed. It is possible to prevent heat from staying in the covered area and to go out in a comfortable state.

Further, according to the present embodiment, since the solar reflectance in the wavelength range of 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm in the radiative cooling sheet 20 is 0.7 or more, the sunlight radiated from the outside is efficiently reflected. It can emit light, and the heat dissipation of the cover main body 12 can be improved by the heat dissipation effect of the wavelength-selective emission layer 22.

Further, according to the cover member 10 of the present embodiment, since the inner surface of the radiative cooling sheet 20 is covered with the cooling sensation material layer 15 having water absorption, the base cloth 21 supporting the wavelength-selective emission layer 22 is used by the user. When the inner surface of the cover main body 12 comes into contact with the user's skin, sweat can be absorbed and a feeling of coldness can be felt when the cover main body 12 comes into contact with the skin, which improves the user's usability.

Further, since the upper edge of the cover member 10 of the present embodiment is formed in a straight line shape, when the cover member 10 is attached to the cap body body 11a, a gap is unlikely to occur between the cover member and the cap body body 11a. , Easy to keep the user's head cool.

Further, since the distance from the upper edge to the lower edge of the cover member 10 is long in the middle portion and is formed in a curved shape so as to be reduced on both the left and right sides, the user's neck and the lower side thereof are covered with the cover member 10 in the intermediate portion. It is easy to place both left and right sides above the user's shoulders while covering it more widely. Therefore, it is easy to surround the neck with the cover member 10, the cover member 10 can be widely covered behind the neck, and the coolness of the entire back of the head can be maintained.

Further, according to the cover member 10 of the present embodiment, the hanging lower portion 13 has a clip 17 that holds a part of the cap body 11a from inside and outside, and a belt 18 that is wound around a part of the cap body 11a and attached. Therefore, the cover member 10 can be attached to the cap body 11a extremely easily, and the belt 18 provided to the minimum can be wound around a part of the cap body 11a and attached to the cover member 10 from the cap body 11a. It is possible to surely prevent the product from falling off, and it is possible to achieve both usability and a sense of security when using the product.
Incidentally, when the cover member 10 having the radiative cooling sheet 20 according to the above embodiment was prototyped and exposed to the sun at a temperature of 20 ° C. and measured, the surface temperature of the cover member 20 was 22.6 ° C. For comparison, the surface temperature of a neck guard made of a general cloth material was measured and found to be 34.3 ° C., and a temperature difference of 11.7 ° C. was obtained.

The above embodiment can be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the cap body 11a has been described by using an example of a hat such as a cap, but the cap body 11 and the cap body 11a are not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, even if the cap body 11 or the cap body 11a is a helmet, the cover member 10 can be attached to a predetermined position of the cap body 11 as in the above embodiment.
That is, by suspending the cover main body 12 by the suspension lower portion 13 using a band-shaped body provided inside the helmet to adjust the circumference of the user's head, the back of the head, neck and neck below the helmet can be suspended. The rear side near the root can be covered by the cover member 10. Further, if the left and right ends are evenly extended to the front of the user's face, the entire lower part of the face can be covered and the face guard can be used. Even if one of the left and right ends is expanded and locked at the other end, it can also function as a face guard.

Further, in the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the surface of the cap body 11a is formed by the radiative cooling sheet 20 as the cap body 11, and the cover member 10 formed by the same radiative cooling sheet 20 is attached to the rear portion. Of course, it is also possible to configure only the cover member 10 with the radiative cooling sheet 20 without using the radiative cooling sheet 20 for the cap body 11, and further, the cap body 11a whose outer surface is composed of the radiative cooling sheet 20. It can also be used without the cover member 10.
Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the inner surface of the radiative cooling sheet 20 is covered with the cooling sensation material layer 15 as the cover main body portion 12 has been described, but the present invention is not particularly limited, and the cooling sensation material layer 15 is used. It is also possible to dispose of various cloths other than the cooling sensation material on the inner surface of the radiative cooling sheet 20.

10 Cover member 11 Cap body 11a Cap body 11b Crown part 11c Flange part 11d Recess 11e Adjuster 12 Cover body part 13 Hanging lower part 15 Cooling material layer 16 Peripheral reinforcement part 17 Clip 18 Belt 18a Locking tool 18b Locking tool 20 Radiative cooling sheet 21 Base cloth 22 Wavelength selective emission layer 22a Dielectric particles 23 Top coat layer 24 Reflective layer

Claims (9)

A flexible cover member that can be hung from a predetermined location on a cap such as a hat or helmet.
A sheet-shaped cover main body and a hanging lower portion for connecting the cover main body to the cap body are provided.
The cover main body portion covers the base cloth, the reflection layer arranged on the outer surface of the base cloth, the wavelength-selective emission layer arranged on the reflection layer, and the outer surface of the wavelength-selective emission layer. A cover member, characterized in that it is formed of a radiative cooling sheet having and. The wavelength-selective emission layer is characterized in that dielectric particles are dispersed in a polymer matrix and formed of a metamaterial having an average emission rate of infrared rays having a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm of 0.8 or more. The cover member according to 1. The cover member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radiative cooling sheet has a solar reflectance of 0.8 or more in a wavelength range of 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm. The cover member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outer surface of the base cloth is covered with a functional material layer. The upper edge is formed in a straight line along the lower edge of the cap body, and the lower edge is formed in a curved shape so that the distance from the upper edge is long in the middle portion and is reduced on both the left and right sides. The cover member according to any one of 4 to 4. The cover member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hanging lower portion is composed of a fish clip that holds a part of the cap body from inside and outside, or a belt that is attached to the part of the cap body. The cover main body is suspended from the cap body, and at least one of the left and right ends thereof is extended to the front surface of the user's face to cover the lower part of the user's face, thereby functioning as a face guard made of a radiative cooling sheet. , The cover member according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A cap body to which the cover member according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is detachably attached to the cap body body. The radiation in which at least a part of the cap body is composed of the base cloth, the wavelength-selective emission layer arranged on the outer surface of the base cloth, and the top coat layer covering the outer surface of the wavelength-selective emission layer. The cap body according to claim 8, wherein the cap body is formed by a cooling sheet.

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