JP3228121B2 - Ventilation control device for road tunnel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation control device for a road tunnel for reducing the soot concentration and the CO concentration of a road tunnel to an allowable value while saving energy of a ventilator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 11 is a control block diagram of a conventional ventilation control device for a road tunnel. In normal traffic ventilation control, the traffic volume and vehicle speed are input. In step 30, the traffic data is accumulated, and the traffic in the next control cycle is predicted from the created daily traffic pattern. 31 and 32
Then, the required ventilation volume for each ventilation section is obtained from the predicted traffic volume. At 33, the operation combinations of various ventilators are determined and output from the required ventilation volume.

[0003] Parameters (coefficients) used in the above ventilation calculation
Is a fixed or set value. In addition, the dust collection efficiency and the air density (ρ) of the dust collector equipment usually use set values as parameters. The combination of the ventilators is also set in advance by the person according to the ventilation volume.

In some cases, the normal ventilation control is performed by fuzzy control. In the interruption control 35, when a demand alarm signal is input, the operating air volume of the ventilator is reduced in order to reduce the power amount of the ventilator. In step 34, when the VI or CO deterioration occurs, the entire ventilator is immediately operated at 100%. In addition, at 36, when a fire occurs, the wind speed in the road tunnel is reduced to zero by using the shaft exhaust fan.

[0005]

The conventional road tunnel ventilation control apparatus is configured as described above. (1) Appropriate control can be performed unless the parameters are adjusted periodically by a person. Absent. In particular, adjustment of parameters that change seasonally and over time (such as a soot generation coefficient and a CO generation coefficient) requires time and can only be performed by a skilled person.

[0006]

[0007]

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

(2) The purpose of the conventional ventilation control is only the difference (deviation) between the VI value and the target VI value. That is, since the regulator control is performed so as to bring the VI value closer to the target VI value as much as possible, an excessive operation amount or hunting occurs, and a waste of power amount occurs.

[0012]

[0013]

(3) When an interrupt of VI deterioration or CO deterioration occurs, 100% operation is performed immediately, so that a large amount of ventilation power is required.

An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation control panel for a road tunnel which solves the above-mentioned conventional problems.

[0016]

Means for Solving the Problems (1) As a first means,
Smoke emission amount prediction means for estimating the amount of smoke emission in a tunnel
And CO generation amount prediction to predict CO generation amount in tunnel
A tunnel from the soot generation amount and the CO generation amount.
A required ventilation rate calculating means for calculating the ventilation rate in the
Ventilator set that calculates the combination of ventilators to be operated from the air volume
Ventilation control device for road tunnel provided with alignment calculation means
In the above, the soot generation amount predicting means uses the past VI (soot
Calculate measured soot generation from smoke density) value and past wind speed value
Means to calculate the amount of smoke emission measured and the traffic
Means for calculating predicted soot generation amount from the estimated soot generation amount
From the measured smoke generation amount and the predicted smoke generation amount.
Function to calculate the expected soot generation (μ)
And a means for adjusting the amount of generated soot smoke.
The means is based on the actual measured CO value from the past CO value and the past wind speed value.
Measured CO emissions calculation means for calculating emissions, and measured traffic
For calculating the predicted amount of CO generated from the amount
From the measured CO generation amount and the predicted CO generation amount
Calculate the correlation function and adjust the predicted CO generation amount (μc)
A predictive CO generation amount adjusting means;
Means for calculating the smoke concentration (K) obtained from the past VI value.
_i ) and a smoke concentration difference (D _i ) between the target smoke concentration (K ₀ ) and
Ventilator in the current control cycle obtained from the ventilation energy
Operating capacity (P _i ) of the ventilator in the previous control cycle
The difference between the operating capacity (P _i-1 ) and the total capacity of all ventilators
Fuzzy estimation from the operating capacity ratio (C _i ) divided by (P ₀ )
According to the theory, the soot concentration difference (D _i ) and the operating capacity ratio
The weight (a) for determining the priority of the control of (C _i )
This is calculated by performing the adjustment .

[0017]

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

(2) As a second means , a smoke generation amount prediction means for predicting a smoke generation amount in the tunnel, a CO generation amount prediction means for predicting a CO generation amount in the tunnel, the smoke generation amount and the CO In a ventilation control device for a road tunnel, comprising a required ventilation amount calculating means for calculating a ventilation amount in a tunnel from the generated amount and a ventilator combination calculating means for calculating a combination of a ventilator to be operated from the ventilation amount, The ventilator combination calculating means includes: a basic ventilation amount calculating means for calculating a ventilation amount of the ventilation section from a soot generation amount of a predetermined ventilation section; and a predetermined interval around the ventilation amount, with the ventilation amount as an operating air volume of the ventilator. An air flow selecting means for selecting an air flow in the operation, an operation selecting means for selecting an operation combination of the ventilator according to an air flow output from the air flow selecting means, and an operation selected by the operation selecting means. An optimal operation combination selecting means for selecting an optimal combination from the combinations; and a smoke concentration difference (D _i ) between the smoke concentration (K _i ) obtained from the past V (smoke concentration) I value and the target smoke concentration (K ₀ ). ) And the difference between the operating capacity (P _i ) of the ventilator in the current control cycle and the operating capacity (P _i-1 ) of the ventilator in the previous control cycle, obtained from the amount of ventilation power, is calculated as the total capacity ( The weight (a) for determining the priority of the control of the soot concentration difference (D _i ) and the operating capacity ratio (C _i ) is adjusted by fuzzy inference from the operating capacity ratio (C _i ) divided by P ₀ ). and a objective function, the optimal operating combination selection means is for the optimal operation combining operation pattern became smallest value to calculate the objective function.

[0023]

[0024]

(3) As a third means , VI in the tunnel
VI to determine whether to operate the ventilator according to the value
Deterioration judgment means, VI deterioration operation turn setting selection means for selecting a ventilator to be operated based on the VI value, CO deterioration judgment means for judging whether to operate the ventilator based on the CO value in the tunnel, and CO deterioration judgment means CO deterioration operation pattern setting selecting means for selecting a ventilator to be operated,
The VI deterioration operation pattern setting selecting means and the CO
Output control means for operating the ventilator in accordance with the output of the deterioration operation pattern setting selection means, wherein the VI deterioration judgment means judges deterioration level 2 if the deterioration level 2 set value or less is continued for a set time period based on the VI value. If the level 1 or less is continued for the set time period, it is determined that the level is worsened, and a predetermined ventilator is operated based on the worsened level.

[0026]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a block diagram for adjusting the amount of generated smoke. FIG. 1 shows a method for automatically adjusting the amount of smoke generated per vehicle (μ) (the product of the amount of smoke discharged and the concentration of smoke) used for calculating the amount of smoke generated in the tunnel. In step 1, the measured smoke generation amount for each control cycle is calculated from the past VI value and wind speed value. In step 2, the predicted soot generation amount is calculated for each control cycle using the actually measured traffic amount instead of the predicted traffic amount. In step 3, the correlation coefficient for the set period of the measured and predicted soot generation amounts obtained in steps 1 and 2 is obtained. In step 4, the soot generation amount (μ) used in the predicted soot generation amount calculation formula is adjusted for each set period using the slope and correlation coefficient between the prediction and the actual measurement obtained in step 3.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of adjusting the amount of generated CO.
FIG. 2 shows a method of automatically adjusting the CO generation amount (μc) (the product of the CO emission amount and the CO concentration) used when calculating the CO generation amount in the tunnel. 5 is an excessive CO value.
The measured soot generation amount is calculated for each control cycle based on the wind speed value. In step 6, the predicted CO generation amount for each control cycle is calculated using the actually measured traffic volume instead of the predicted traffic volume. In step 7, the correlation between the set periods of the measured and predicted CO generation amounts obtained in steps 5 and 6 is obtained. In step 8, using the slope and correlation coefficient between the prediction and the actual measurement obtained in step 7 and using the calculated CO generation amount for each set period. The amount of generated CO (μc) is adjusted.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for adjusting the objective function weight (a). FIG. 3 shows a method of automatically adjusting the weight (a) of the objective function by fuzzy inference. In step 9, the smoke concentration (K _i ) is obtained from the past VI value for each control cycle, and the difference (D _i ) from the target smoke concentration (K _o ) is calculated. In 10, for each control cycle, the operating capacity (P _i ) of the ventilator in the current control cycle and the operating capacity (P in the previous control cycle)
_i-1 ) is calculated as a ratio to the total capacity (P _o ) of all the ventilators. 11 D _i and C, obtained above 9,10
The change width (Δa) of the weight (a) is obtained from _i by fuzzy inference. In step 12, the frequency distribution of Δa obtained for each control cycle within the set period is obtained, and the average value (μ) and deviation (σ) are obtained. In step 13, a is adjusted based on the average value (μ) and deviation (σ) of Δa obtained in step 12.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a dust collection efficiency calculation. A method for obtaining the dust collection efficiency (η) based on the processing air volume of the dust collector to be operated in the next control cycle is shown. In 14, the dust collection efficiency (η) of the next control cycle is obtained from the following formula based on the dust collector processing air volume (Qc) of the next control cycle.

[0030]

(Equation 1)

(Embodiment 3) Since the air density in the tunnel changes depending on the atmospheric pressure and the downhole temperature, correction is made by the following formula.

[0032]

(Equation 2)

(Embodiment 4) FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing conditions for preventing short circuits. As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), in order to prevent a short circuit, it is necessary that the amount of air blown from the dust collector and the air discharged from the shaft should be smaller than the amount of air blown from the main shaft. Therefore, this condition is included as a constraint condition of the operation pattern. Operation patterns that do not satisfy this condition are excluded.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram for calculating natural ventilation power. Correction of the atmospheric pressure values of both wellheads is performed as in the following equation, and the natural ventilation power (ΔP _MT ) of both wellheads is calculated.

[0035]

(Equation 3)

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a ventilation operation combination calculation. FIG. 7 shows a method of obtaining the basic ventilation amount from the amount of smoke generated in each ventilation section and obtaining the operation combination of the ventilator. In step 15, the basic ventilation amount of each ventilation section is calculated from the amount of smoke generated in each ventilation section. In 16, the obtained basic ventilation volume is used as the operating air volume of the ventilator, and n operating patterns are selected centered on the basic ventilation volume in increments of%. In 17, when the operation pattern is selected for the ventilation section m in the same manner as in the above 16, all n ^m operation patterns are selected.

Embodiment 7 Another embodiment of the present invention will be described. As means for obtaining a plurality of ventilation operation patterns, an operation function having the smallest value after calculating an objective function is selected as an optimum one. The following equation is used as the objective function.

[0038]

(Equation 4)

Or

[0040]

(Equation 5)

(Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a control for maintaining the wind speed in a road tunnel at 0 m / s. Figure 8 shows how to zero the tunnel wind speed from tunnel fire. At 18, all the ventilators are stopped together with the input of the fire occurrence signal. In 19, the mine wind is sequentially operated in the reverse direction by a jet fan after a lapse of a predetermined time, and the air is quickly brought to zero. In 20 mine wind is 0m
/ S, the other jet fans are stopped except for the jet fan that cancels the natural ventilation power and the traffic ventilation power, and 0 m / s is maintained. At 21, the wind speed feedback control is started after the set time has elapsed. This is about 10
The underground wind speed is read at intervals of 20 seconds, and control when the target wind speed is set to 0 m / s by PID control is performed at intervals of about 10 to 20 seconds.

(Embodiment 9) FIG. 9 is a demand control block diagram. FIG. 9 shows interrupt control when a demand alarm occurs. In step 22, when the demand alarm is generated, the amount of electric power is reduced by reducing the amount of air flow of the ventilator of the power receiving system, so that the electric power is included in the demand contract. In 23, the insufficient ventilation air volume is supplemented by the ventilation device of another power receiving system. At 24, the operating air volume of each ventilator as a result of performing the ventilation calculation at 22 and 23 is determined and output.

(Embodiment 10) FIG. 10 is a control block diagram of VI deterioration and CO deterioration. FIG. 10 shows interrupt control when VI and CO deteriorate. In 25, if the VI is lower than the deterioration level 2 set value (example 40%) or less for a set time period (example 30 seconds), it is determined that the deterioration level is 2. In addition, the time limit for setting the deterioration level 1 or less (example 30%) or less (example 3)
(0 seconds), if it continues, it is judged to be the deterioration level 1. In 26, the operating air volume of each ventilator can be set when the above-mentioned determined VI deterioration level 2 and VI deterioration level 1 occur. For example, when the deterioration level 1 occurs, all the ventilators operate 100%. When the deterioration level 2 occurs, the set ventilator is operated. 27
In the same manner as in the above 1, when the CO value is equal to or higher than the deterioration level 2 set value (for example, 80 ppm) for a set time period (for example, 30 seconds), the deterioration level is determined to be 2. Further, if the set time (example 30 seconds) or more continues for the deterioration level 1 set value (example 100 ppm), it is determined to be the deterioration level 1. At 28, the CO deterioration level 2 and the CO deterioration level 1 determined at 3 above as in 2 above
The operating air volume of each ventilator at the time of occurrence can be set. For example, when the deterioration level 1 occurs, all the ventilators operate 100%. When the deterioration level 2 occurs, the set ventilator is operated.
At 29, the operation pattern after the occurrence of deterioration is output.

[0044]

【The invention's effect】

(1) According to the first aspect of the invention, the amount of smoke generated is automatically
Since the parameters of the amount of CO generation and the weight of the objective function are adjusted, the adjustment work that has conventionally been performed manually or when the control is abnormal but difficult and time-consuming to adjust is not required.

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

(2) According to the second aspect of the invention, the purpose of ventilation control is to select an operation pattern that minimizes the objective function. This means that an optimal operation pattern in which the deviation of the VI value from the target VI value is small and the amount of ventilation power is small is selected.

[0051]

[0052]

(3) According to the third aspect of the present invention, the deterioration level 2 is provided before the 100% operation of the total ventilator due to the deterioration of VI and CO, and the set operation of the ventilator in the corresponding ventilation section is performed at this time. By doing so, 100% operation of all the ventilators due to VI deterioration and CO deterioration is prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a smoke generation amount adjustment showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a CO generation amount adjustment block diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an adjustment of an objective function weight (a) according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a dust collection efficiency calculation according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating an example of a short circuit prevention condition according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating another example of a short circuit prevention condition according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram for calculating natural ventilation power according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a ventilation operation combination calculation according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a control for maintaining a wind speed in a road tunnel of 0 m / s according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a demand control block diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing VI deterioration and CO deterioration control according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a control block diagram of a conventional ventilation control device for a road tunnel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Measured smoke generation amount calculation means 2 Predicted smoke generation amount calculation means 3 Measured / predicted smoke generation amount correlation calculation means 4 Predicted smoke generation amount adjustment means 5 Measured CO generation amount calculation means 6 Predicted CO generation amount calculation means 7 Actual measurement / predicted CO Generation amount correlation calculating means 8 Predicted CO generation amount adjusting means 9 Di calculating means 10 Ci calculating means 11 Δa calculating means 12 Δa frequency distribution calculating means 13 a adjusting means 14 Dust collection efficiency calculating means 15 Basic ventilation amount calculating means 16 Air flow calculating means 17 operation calculation means 18 stop means 19 reverse operation means 200 0 m / s maintaining means 21 wind speed feedback control means 22 ventilation volume reduction calculation means 23 ventilation ventilation supplement calculation means 24 output control means 25 VI deterioration determination means 26 VI deterioration operation pattern selection means 27 CO deterioration determination means 28 CO deterioration operation pattern selection means 29 Output control means 30 Traffic Volume Prediction Means 31 Smoke Emission Prediction Means 32 Necessary Ventilation Volume Calculation Means 33 Ventilator Combination Calculation Means 34 VI / CO Deterioration Operation Pattern Selection Means 35 Demand Control Operation Calculation Means 36 Wind Speed Zero Control Calculation Means 37 Output Control Means

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Mizuho Ishida 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-185300 (JP, A) JP-A-5-185 296000 (JP, A) JP-A-6-33700 (JP, A) JP-A-8-82199 (JP, A) JP-A-61-196099 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21F 1/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A smoke generation amount prediction means for predicting a smoke generation amount in a tunnel, a CO generation amount prediction means for predicting a CO generation amount in a tunnel, and a smoke generation amount in the tunnel based on the smoke generation amount and the CO generation amount. The ventilation control device for a road tunnel, comprising: a required ventilation amount calculating unit that calculates a ventilation amount of the vehicle; and a ventilator combination calculating unit that calculates a combination of a ventilator to be operated from the ventilation amount. A measured soot generation amount calculating means for calculating a measured soot generation amount from a past VI (smoke density) value and a past wind speed value, and a predicted soot generation amount calculating means for calculating a predicted soot generation amount from an actually measured traffic amount. Predictive smoke generation amount adjusting means for calculating a correlation function from the actually measured smoke generation amount and the predicted smoke generation amount to adjust the predicted smoke generation amount (μ). A measured CO generation amount calculating means for calculating a measured CO generation amount from a past CO value and a past wind speed value; a predicted CO generation amount calculating means for calculating a predicted CO generation amount from a measured traffic amount; And a predicted CO generation amount adjusting means for calculating a correlation function from the predicted CO generation amount and adjusting the predicted CO generation amount (μc), wherein the ventilator combination calculating means obtains a past VI value. Density difference (D _i ) between the obtained soot concentration (K _i ) and the target soot concentration (K ₀ ), the operating capacity (P _i ) of the ventilator in the current control cycle obtained from the ventilation power amount, and the previous control The soot concentration difference (D _i ) by fuzzy inference from the operation capacity ratio (C _i ) obtained by dividing the difference between the operation capacity (P _i-1 ) of the ventilator in the cycle by the total capacity (P ₀ ) of all the ventilators. priority and of the control of the operation capacity ratio (C _i) Fits road tunnel ventilation control device calculated by adjusting the weight (a) determining the. 2. A soot for predicting an amount of soot generated in a tunnel.
Estimated amount of CO generated in tunnel
CO generation amount prediction means, the soot generation amount and the CO generation
Calculate the required ventilation volume to calculate the ventilation volume in the tunnel from the volume
The combination of the means and the ventilator to be operated is calculated from the ventilation volume.
Road tunnel provided with ventilator combination calculating means
In the ventilation control device for ventilation, the ventilator combination calculating means is configured to emit soot in a predetermined ventilation section.
Basic ventilation calculation to calculate the ventilation volume of the ventilation section from the raw volume
Outlet means, and the ventilation volume is the operating air volume of the ventilator.
Air volume selection means for selecting the air volume at predetermined intervals around the value,
The operation of the ventilator depends on the air volume output from the air volume selection means.
Driving selection means for selecting a rolling combination, and the driving selection means
Select the optimal combination from the driving combinations selected in
Means for selecting an optimal operation combination to be selected and a past VI (soot concentration)
Soot concentration (K _i ) and target soot concentration obtained by
(K ₀ ) and the difference in soot concentration (D _i )
Operating capacity of the ventilator in this control cycle (P
_i ) and the operating capacity of the ventilator in the previous control cycle
(P _i-1 ) divided by the total capacity of all ventilators (P ₀ )
Fuzzy inference from the calculated operating capacity ratio (C _i )
Control of the soot concentration difference (D _i ) and the operating capacity ratio (C _i )
Adjustment of weight (a) to determine priority
And the optimal operation combination selecting means has an objective function.
Operation pattern that has the smallest value
Ventilation control device for road tunnel with optimal driving combination . 3. A method according to VI (smoke density) in a tunnel.
VI deterioration judgment to determine whether to operate the ventilator
Means and selecting a ventilator to operate according to said VI value
VI worsening operation turn setting selecting means and CO in tunnel
CO bad to determine whether to operate the ventilator according to the value
And a ventilator to be operated based on the CO value.
Means for selecting and setting the CO worsening operation pattern,
Deterioration operation pattern setting selecting means and said CO deterioration operation
Operate the ventilator by the output of the pattern setting selection means.
Output control means, and the VI deterioration determination means
Deterioration level 2 or less is continued for the set time depending on the value
And worsening level 2 and worsening level 1 setting or less
If the set time period continues, it is determined that the level
A ventilation control device for a road tunnel that operates a predetermined ventilator by a bell .