JP3223916B2 - optical disk - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical disk format, and more particularly, to a rewritable optical disk.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An optical disk has recently been very widely used as a medium for recording software such as video, audio, and data for a computer. In particular, expectations for improving the recording density of optical disks have recently been increasing, and therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of an optical disk format suitable for meeting such expectations.

[0003] The format of the current "130 mm rewritable optical disk" will be described below.

[0004] The format of a 130-mm rewritable optical disc is defined in "JIS X 6271". This format includes an A-type format in which continuous grooves are formed in a spiral shape on a disk, and lands between the grooves are used as tracks for recording signals.
There is a B-type format in which a mark for a sample is formed on a disk and tracking control is performed by a sample servo method.

A track for recording information data in the A-type format is a track having no wobble (small vibration), and information data is recorded only on lands (between grooves). FIG. 14 shows a standard user data format when the user data capacity is 512 bytes in the A-type format. The numbers shown in the figure indicate the number of bytes (B) allocated to each signal. Since the error correction code, the resynchronization byte, and the control byte are added to the 512B user byte, the data area has a capacity of 650B. In a sector storing a signal in the data area, a sector mark (SM) indicating the head of the sector, a VFO area for synchronizing clock reproduction, an ID area indicating the address of the sector, and an address mark indicating the head of the ID area ( AM) and an offset detection area (O) for rewriting data.
DF), the ALPC used to check the laser output, and other areas such as a 15B buffer area to avoid overlap with subsequent sectors. As a result, the total sector capacity is 746B. The buffer area is 15B for the user data capacity of 512B, and the redundancy is about 2.9%. In order to further increase the capacity, it is desirable to reduce the redundancy as much as possible.

[0006]

In such a conventional rewritable optical disk, when information is recorded on a guide track having no wobble, the information is usually obtained by using a unique clock of the optical disk device. Is being processed. However, the actual sector length deviates from the ideal sector length due to the effects of rotation fluctuation, eccentricity, and the like when recording / reproducing information on the optical disk, thereby increasing or decreasing the number of clocks counted by the unique clock. That is the fact. For example, when the number of clocks decreases, information cannot be completely recorded in a sector, and there is a possibility that overflow will occur over the next sector. For this reason, a buffer area is provided in advance in consideration of the reduced clock, and the sector length is made longer. For this reason,
Redundancy increases and user data capacity is sacrificed.

In addition to this, when recording data that is temporally continuous such as video data and audio data, the sector address cannot be confirmed by the conventional method of recording the sector address once and then recording. In such a case, it takes time to confirm the address again and then perform recording, and it becomes impossible to record continuous data. In another method of recording data by predicting the address of the sector from the previous address without reconfirming the address of the sector, errors in counting the sector length by a unique clock accumulate, and further, the count value The deviation increases.

Particularly, in the intermediate address method in the land / groove recording method in which the address detection accuracy may be reduced, the above problem in continuous recording of video data and audio data may be more serious.

Furthermore, in the future, in the case of an optical disc having several different data areas at a narrower track pitch in the rewritable area, the formats of the optical discs must all be compatible with each other.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems,
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical disk having a format in which a highly reliable recording and reproducing apparatus capable of stably performing tracking control or clock generation can be easily obtained, and an apparatus for stably manufacturing such an optical disk.

Further, in an optical disk including both a ROM area (lead-in area) and a rewritable area, an object of the present invention is to generate a stable clock for processing information data at the leading end of the rewritable area, and to generate a stable clock. Another object of the present invention is to provide a format of an optical disk capable of recording information data on an optical disk. It is also an object of the present invention to easily achieve compatibility between several types of optical disks having different data capacities.

[0012]

The optical disk of the present invention comprises:
A plurality of sectors are provided on the guide track, and each sector
Has an ID area, an information recording area, and an information unrecorded area,
The information recording area is located radially with respect to the guide track.
An optical disc having a groove and a land vibrating at a single frequency.
The ID area is an area containing address information.
If there are a plurality of address blocks and the ID area
Is the address blocks adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
The first address block group that includes
A second address block including two adjacent address blocks
A first address block group and the second address block group.
Dress blocks are defined in the radial direction from the track center axis.
A position shifted in the opposite direction by almost half of the track pitch
And are included in the first address block group.
Address block at the beginning of the
Block data length is included in the first address block group.
The address other than the head of the address block
The second address block is longer than the data length of the block.
Of the address blocks included in the
The data length of the address block is determined by the second address block.
Other than the top of the address blocks included in the lock group
Longer than the data length of the address block of
The land is switched every rotation of the guide track,
Each sector corresponds to an integral multiple of one period of the vibration frequency
Length and the sector is an integer for each revolution of the guide track
Thus, the above object is achieved.

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical disk according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the guide track of the optical disk can be followed by the optical head when recording and reproducing information. The guide track is switched between a groove (solid line) and a land (dotted line) every rotation. Designed for One rotation has a plurality of sectors, and each sector includes an ID area, an information recording area, and an information unrecorded area. The guide track shown in the drawing is spiral,
It may be concentric or spiral in the opposite direction. The number of sectors during one rotation is also arbitrary.

FIG. 1 shows a portion where a groove and a land are switched in the optical disk according to the first embodiment of the present invention. I
The D area includes ID1, ID2,
It consists of four parts, ID3 and ID4, ID1 and ID
2, ID3 and ID4 are paired, and are shifted from the guide track toward the inner or outer circumference by a distance of about 1/2 track pitch. The guide track also wobbles in a direction perpendicular to the tracing direction of the optical head.

The number of sectors per rotation of the optical disk is k (k
In the case of> 1), the operation of the optical head which continuously moves from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side and performs continuous recording and reproduction will be described. When the optical spot is on land # n-1 of the information recording area, ID1 and ID2 (# n + k) and ID3 and ID4 of the ID area
After continuously tracing (#n), the optical spot enters the groove #n in the information recording area and performs recording / reproduction. Thereafter, when the optical disk returns by one rotation, the optical spot passes through the ID area from the groove # n + k-1 of the information recording area,
It enters the land # n + k portion of the information recording area and performs recording and reproduction.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the sector format of the optical disk according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The capacity of one sector is 2697B including the ID area, the information unrecorded area, and the information recorded area. Actually, information is recorded in the information recording area, but the information recording area includes the guard 1 area (20B), the VFO area (35B), and the PS area (3
B), data area (2418B), PA area (1B),
And a guard 2 area (52B). Among them, the data area of 2418B is especially the SY area (2B) and the data 1, data 2,.
1B). The data area contains error correction codes, and the actual user capacity is 2048B. I
The D area includes ID1 (46B), ID2 (18B), ID
3 (46B) and ID4 (18B). The unrecorded area includes a mirror area (2B), a gap area (10B), and a buffer area (25B).

ID1 to ID4 are provided for recognizing the address of a sector, and it is also possible to recognize whether the following guide track is a groove or a land. Of the unrecorded area, the mirror area and the gap area are areas for adjusting the laser power during recording. The buffer area is
It is provided to adjust a time axis direction shift of information data due to optical disk rotation fluctuation or optical disk eccentricity. The buffer area has 25B, and the redundancy is about 1.2% for 2048B of user data. Guard 1
The area and the guard 2 area are for protecting the recording medium from deterioration at the beginning and end of data due to repeated recording of information data. The VFO area is provided to assist the operation of the PLL circuit that creates a reproduction clock during reproduction. The PS area indicates the start end of the information data, and the PA area uniquely determines the end data of the information recorded when demodulating according to a rule based on digital modulation.

FIG. 3 shows the phase relationship between information data and guide tracks in the optical disc according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, when the wobble phase is 0, bit 1 which is the first bit of the information data bit string is
Recording is started for. In the example of the drawing, the phase is 0, but this phase may be an arbitrary phase.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an optical disk device for recording information on the optical disk according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The operation of actually recording information data on an optical disk will be described below with reference to the optical disk device of FIG.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 50 is an optical disk, 51 is an input I / F, 52 is an error correction encoder, 53
Is a digital modulator, 54 is an additional signal generator, 55 is a multiplexer, 56 is a semiconductor laser modulator, 57 is an optical head, 58 is a head amplifier, 59 is a TE (tracking error signal) detector, and 5a is a head drive. , 5b is an ID detector, 5c is a timing generator, 5d is a wobble signal detector, and 5e is a write clock generator.

Through the input I / F 51, digitized audio data, video data, computer data, and other important information are input. The input data is input to an error correction code generator 52, where an error correction code is calculated and added to the input data.

On the other hand, in order to find a target sector for recording information on the optical disk 50, the optical head 57 traces the light spot sequentially to an ID area, an information unrecorded area, and an information recorded area on the optical disk 50. That is, the optical head 57 irradiates the optical disk 50 with a laser beam having a substantially constant power. The reflected light has a change in intensity,
Photoelectric conversion is performed by a light receiving element on the optical head, and a reproduction signal (RF signal) is detected. Since the reproduced signal is a weak signal, it is amplified by the head amplifier 58, and then the TE detector 59, the ID detector 5b, and the wobble signal detector 5d
Is input to The signal input to the TE detector tracks whether or not the groove or land of the optical disk is tracked based on the signal, and detects the detected T.
The E signal, the phase TE signal, and the land / groove phase information are input to the head driver 5a. Head driver 5
a sends a drive signal to the optical head 57 for tracking the light spot on the optical disk 50 from those signals. As a result, the light spot can accurately trace the guide track of the optical disk 50.

In the state where the tracking is activated, the signal input to the ID detector 5b is binarized to 0 or 1, that is, digitized. First, an address of a target sector is searched from the binarized digital signal sequence. In addition, with the four address values obtained,
It shows how to switch from land to groove or from groove to land, and can therefore be used as a land or groove phase signal in tracking.

As a result of the above operation, the ID detector 5
When the timing at which the address is detected by step 6 is sent to the timing generator 5c, the timing generator 5c operates the error correction code generator 52, the digital modulator 53, the additional signal generator 54, and the multiplexer 55 at a predetermined time. For this purpose, various timing signals are created and transmitted.

Normally, the timing generator 5c generates various signals using a fixed clock. In the optical disk 50 of the present invention, in order to detect a wobble signal from a guide track and extract a signal of a specific frequency, From this signal, a clock synchronized with the rotation of the optical disk 50 can be created. That is, the wobble signal detector 5d receiving the output signal from the head amplifier 58 in FIG. 5 extracts a wobble signal of a specific frequency from the signal, for example, through a band-pass filter. The extracted signal is sent to the write clock generator 5e. In the write clock generator 5e, a clock signal synchronized with the rotation is generated by the PLL circuit.

The clock generated by the write clock generator 5e and synchronized with the rotation of the optical disk 50 is sent to the digital signal generator 53, the additional signal generator 54, the multiplexer 55, and the timing signal generator 5c.

The digital modulator 53 which has received the output signal from the error correction encoder 52, that is, the information data and the error correction code data, uniquely converts the data in which the original 0s and 1s continue based on a specific rule. Another 0 and 1 are replaced with continuous data. The output from the digital modulator 53 is input to the multiplexer 55. On the other hand, the additional signal generator 5
4 is a guard 1 area other than the data area shown in FIG.
Signals for the FO area, PS area, guard 2 area, etc. are generated. Signals for the PA domain are typically generated by a digital modulator 53 because they are based on certain rules of digital modulation. The generation of the SY signal in the data area can be performed by the additional signal generator 54 or the digital modulator 53. The output from the additional signal generator 54 is input to the multiplexer 55. The two signals input to the multiplexer 55 are adjusted in timing and input to the semiconductor laser modulator 56. In the semiconductor laser modulator 56, an optical head 57
A drive signal for modulating the output of the semiconductor laser mounted on the optical disk is created and sent to the optical head 57.

A light beam having a predetermined output value is emitted from the optical head 57 to the optical disk 50, and
Is recorded with information data.

When a recording operation is performed by processing information data with a fixed clock as in the prior art, the data is not synchronized with the rotation of the optical disk. In the worst case, the information data is recorded in a predetermined sector length. Could not have been.
However, by using the optical disk of the present invention in which the guide track wobbles or vibrates, a clock synchronized with rotation can be used as described above. As a result, information data can be reliably recorded in a predetermined sector.

In addition, the clock generated from the wobble signal actually shifts from the wobble phase due to the performance of the PLL circuit for generating the clock signal. The length of the information non-storage area of the sector is determined as follows in consideration of the phase shift of the Walb.

Since the wolve signal contains noise,
A clock generated from the wobble signal has a phase shift. Assuming that the C / N of the wobble signal is 15 dB and the bandwidth of the PLL circuit for generating a clock from the wobble signal is 1 kHz, the noise component included in the wobble signal has a normal distribution, and the wobble signal is binary-coded by a fixed slice. Assuming that a noise level at which the probability of inability to convert is reduced to 1 / 100,000 is considered, and that the amount of information bits included in one period of wolves is w bits, the minimum phase shift is calculated to be 0.15 w bits. On the other hand, it is easy to suppress the maximum phase shift to about ± w / 2 bits. This makes it possible to control the length of the information non-storage area that absorbs the shift of the recording clock of the sector to 0.1 w bits or more and w bits or less.

If the calculation is performed on the assumption that the amount of information data included in one cycle of the wobble is 93 bits, there is a possibility that the information data is shifted in the + and-directions. 9.3 bits or more and 93 bits or less are sufficient.

However, in this embodiment, in order to further increase the reliability, the data capacity of the unrecorded area, that is, the buffer area, is about twice the proper value, that is, 25B = 20.
Set to 0 bit. Even if the data capacity is about twice the proper value of 25B, it is about 1.2% with respect to the user data capacity of 2048B, which is considerably lower than the conventional 2.9%.

At this time, in the sector format shown in FIG. 2, the whole sector is 2697B, and each sector has a 232 wobble period of 93 bits. In addition, 1
A track is composed of an integral multiple of a sector. Accordingly, since the wobble phase is completed for each sector and for each round of the track, the design of the recording / reproducing apparatus is simplified. Further, the problem that the phase of the wobble changes for each track is also solved.

When the information data to be recorded is audio data or (moving picture) video data, it is necessary to process and record continuously occurring information. However, for each sector
If recording is performed while confirming the address of the area, when an address cannot be detected, data that is continuously input cannot be completely recorded. Further, when the address cannot be detected, it is possible to predict and record from the address of the previous sector, but since the prediction is performed based on the count value of the fixed clock, the count value is determined by the rotation fluctuation of the optical disk. Errors accumulate. As a result, there is a possibility that data to be recorded in the sector may extend over consecutive sectors.

However, in the format of the optical disk according to the first embodiment of the present invention, since the wobble signal is used as a reference, the above problem can be easily solved. As shown in FIG. 3, if the recording start point is determined for each sector based on the phase 0 of the wobble signal, continuous recording is possible even if address detection is not possible, as long as there is no detection error of the wobble signal. In addition, the count value of the clock does not accumulate in each sector.

In each area, the predetermined data distribution is arbitrary. The data amount and data distribution of the sector format in FIG. 2 are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to this.

As described above, according to the optical disc of the first embodiment of the present invention, when recording continuous information data such as audio data and (moving image) video data, the ID area assigned to each sector is recorded. Even if the address cannot be detected, continuous recording can be performed by reliably generating a clock from the wobble signal, and a format capable of realizing a larger capacity than before can be provided.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 6 (a) shows an address area of an optical disc in an L / G (recording and reproducing information on both lands and grooves) method on an optical disc according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Is shown. In the optical disk of FIG. 6A, there are two sets of address information in the ID area, and the distance is shifted by 1/2 track pitch toward the inner circumference or the outer circumference. The width of the uneven signal is substantially equal to the width of the groove and the land in the information recording area. The grooves and lands are replaced every track. ID area has two partial IDs
a and IDb, each containing address information,
It is shifted from the guide track to the inner circumference side or the outer circumference side by a distance of about 1/2 of the track pitch. That is, adjacent grooves and lands share one address. The guide track (information recording area) wobble in a direction (radial direction) perpendicular to the tracing direction of the optical head.

FIG. 6B illustrates the phase shift of the wolves at the point where the groove and the land are switched for each track in the optical disc according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The wobble has a period that is an integral multiple of each sector, and the track has an integer number of sectors per revolution. Therefore, one of the optical disks
In the circumference, the phase of the wolves should be continuous, but due to the fluctuation of the rotation of the optical disk during manufacturing, a shift occurs between one rotation of the optical disk and a clock as a reference for data processing, and the wobble phase is changed. May not completely match. Therefore, among the wobble phases, the initial phase at the start of the wobble and the final phase after one round of the track must be set to predetermined values.

If the initial phase of the wobble for each revolution of the guide track is ± n bits of information bits and the final phase is ± m bits of information bits, the accuracy is stable without the influence of rotation fluctuation. Since the final phase is most affected by the rotation fluctuation, the relationship of n ≦ m holds.

The initial phase is reset for each round of the track so that the accumulation of the phase shift is eliminated. Therefore, usually, the initial phase is ±
It is adjusted within one bit.

The condition of the final phase m will be described below.

When the light spot traces an intermediate land (land is not cut) between the groove and the adjacent groove on the completed optical disk, the wobble frequency is set to ω, and the deviation when the groove is cut is determined. θ, and the phase shift in the adjacent groove is −θ. The Wolve signal obtained in an ideal state with no phase shift is A · CO
Assuming that SωT, the actual wobble signal having a phase shift is A · COS (ωt + θ) + A · COS (ωt−θ) =
2A · COSθ · COSωt. That is, the wobble signal is a signal modulated by the phase shift (COSθ). As a result, there is a possibility that inconvenience may occur in circuit operation. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the phase shift as much as possible so that the phase shift does not accumulate. If the phase shift θ is within 1/10 of the cycle,
(COSθ) <= (COS (2π / 10)) = 0.81
The original signal level is secured, and the phase shift is within a sufficiently allowable range. That is, Walbe's 1
If the period is w bits of information bits, the relationship with the final phase m at which the quality of the wobble signal is practically sufficient is m ≦ w
/ 10.

Here, the initial phase of the wobble signal is represented by I
Although it is adjusted to 0 at the boundary between the front part of the D area and the information recording area, another location such as the boundary between the rear part of the ID area and the information recording area may be used.

FIG. 7 shows details of the sector format of the optical disk according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the format of the optical disc according to the first embodiment.
And basically the same. The difference is that the guard 1 area (20 + IB), the guard 2 area (55-IB), the gap area (10 + j / 16B), and the buffer area (2
5-j / 16B). Here, I is an integer from 0 to 7, j is an integer from 0 to 16, I and j are randomly selected, guard 1 area, guard 2
The lengths of the area, the gap area, and the buffer area change each time recording is performed. As a result, deterioration of the recording medium due to repeated recording can be prevented, and the number of recordings can be improved.

Embodiment 2 of the present invention as described above
According to the optical disc described above, one round of the guide track includes an integer number of sectors, the sector length is set to an integral multiple of the period of the wobble, and the initial phase and the final phase of the wobble are within a predetermined accuracy. At the time of recording and reproduction, the phases of the wolves match, so that tracking control and clock generation of the optical disk can be stabilized.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 8 (a) shows address information of an optical disk of the L / G (recording and reproducing information on both lands and grooves) method optical disk in an optical disk according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. . In the optical disk of FIG. 8A, the address information of the ID area is given to the land and the groove independently, and is located at the center of the land and the groove. In order to suppress crosstalk from an adjacent track, the pit width of the concavo-convex signal in the ID area is smaller than the pit width of the groove or land.

FIG. 8B illustrates the phase shift of the wolves at the switching point between the groove and the land for each round of the track in the optical disc according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The wobble has a multiple period for each sector, and the track has an integer number of sectors for each round. Therefore, while the wobble phase is continuous in one round of the optical disk, a shift occurs between one rotation of the optical disk and a clock used as a reference for data processing due to the influence of rotation fluctuation of the optical disk during manufacturing. The Walb phases do not completely match. Therefore, in the wobble phase, the initial phase at the start of the wobble and the final phase after one round of the track must be set to predetermined values.

Assuming that the initial phase of the wobble for each revolution of the guide track is ± n bits of information bits and the final phase is ± m bits of information bits, it is the initial phase that is not affected by rotation fluctuation and has stable accuracy. Since the final phase is most affected by the rotation fluctuation, the relationship of n ≦ m holds.

The initial phase is reset every round of the track so that the accumulation of the phase shift is eliminated. Therefore, usually, the initial phase is ±
It is adjusted within one bit.

Similarly to the optical disk of the second embodiment, assuming that one period of wolves is w bits of information bits, the relationship with the final phase m is m ≦ w / 10.

As described above, according to the optical disc of the third embodiment of the present invention, the address of the ID area is independently assigned to the land and the groove, and an integral number of sectors are provided in one round of the guide track. , And the sector length is set to an integral multiple of the period of the wobble. Since the initial phase and the final phase of the wobble have a predetermined precision, the wobble phase matches at the time of recording and reproduction, and the track control and clock of the optical disc are performed. The production can be stabilized.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 9 shows an optical disk manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. This optical disk manufacturing apparatus has two sets of address information in the ID area described with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B and is shifted toward the inner circumference or the outer circumference by a distance of 1/2 track pitch. The purpose is to manufacture optical disks.

An actual optical disk cutting operation using this optical disk manufacturing apparatus will be described below. FIG.
, Reference numeral 150 denotes an optical disk master, 151 denotes an optical head, 152 denotes a spindle motor, 153 denotes a one-rotation signal detector, 154 denotes a spindle motor rotation controller,
155 is a reset signal generator, 156 is a reference clock generator, 157 is a laser output modulator, 158 is a feed controller, 159 is a wobble signal generator, 160 is a first signal selector, 161 is a timing signal generator, 162 Is a predetermined signal generator, 163 is an ID signal generator, 164 is a second signal selector, 165 is a deflection signal generator, and 166 is a deflector.

In order to form grooves (lands) for ID information and guide tracks on the optical disk master 150, the optical head 151 is rotated while the optical disk master 150 mounted on the spindle motor 152 is rotated and feed control is performed in the radial direction. The modulated laser light is emitted and irradiated onto the master optical disc 150.

More specifically, in order to control the rotation of the spindle motor 152, the spindle motor rotation controller 1
54 receives a signal (for example, a frequency generation signal) accompanying rotation from the spindle motor 152, compares the signal with a clock from the reference clock generator 156,
Adjust the rotation speed and phase of the spindle motor. However, it is generally difficult to accurately match the reference clock in bit units due to the response characteristics of the spindle motor 152, the eccentricity of the optical disk master 150, and the like.

On the other hand, the modulation of the laser light output from the optical head 151 is performed as follows. The signal in the ID area is output from the ID signal generator 163. The signal generated by the ID signal generator 163 is output as a digital data string of 0 or 1 in synchronization with this clock based on the clock output from the reference clock generator 156. The ID signal generator 163 receives a reset signal synchronized with one rotation from the reset signal generator 155, and synchronizes the reset signal every rotation. The output from the ID signal generator 163 is input to the first signal selector 160.

When forming the groove, predetermined data is obtained from the predetermined signal generator 162. Normally, laser light is emitted when the groove is formed, while laser light is not emitted on the land.
Therefore, the output signal switches every rotation and the laser
Flashing (large / small output) is repeated every rotation.

The signal from the predetermined signal generator 162 is also input to the first signal selector 160. The output signal from the first signal selector 160 selects which of the two input signals is output according to the output of the timing signal generator 161. In the address areas of ID1 to ID4, the signal from the ID signal generator 163 is selected, and in the other areas, the signal from the predetermined signal generator 162 is selected. The timing signal generator 161 is connected to the reference clock output from the reference clock generator 156 and the reset signal generator 15.
5 and generates and outputs a timing signal for selecting various signals. Upon receiving the output signal from the first signal selector 160, the laser output modulator 157 outputs a laser beam of a predetermined intensity to the optical head 1.
A signal is sent to the optical head 151 so as to be output from the optical head 51. As a result, the optical head 151 emits a laser beam at a predetermined output value and irradiates the optical disc master 150.

The wobble signal from the wobble signal generator 159 is used to generate a wobble on the guide track. In the ID area, the address is shifted by 1/2 track pitch by using the deflection signal of the deflection signal generator 165. The wobble signal and the deflection signal are selected by a signal from the timing signal generator by the second signal selector 164. The output of the second signal selector 164 is connected to the deflector 166. The deflector 166 deflects the light spot by 1/2 track pitch in the ID area,
In a region other than the region D, the light beam or the spot is vibrated in the radial direction, thereby wobbling the groove. The optical head 151 moves in the radial direction by a distance corresponding to the track pitch portion by one rotation according to a signal from the feed controller 158.

As described above, the master optical disk 150
Is cut, but the phase of the rotation of the spindle motor 152 and the output signal of the wobble signal generator 159 are shifted due to the rotation fluctuation or the eccentricity of the optical disk master 150 or the like. Therefore, in order to make the initial phase of the wobble signal uniform every rotation, the reset signal generator 155 resets the wobble signal generator 159 every rotation based on the output signal from the single rotation signal detector 153. As a result, according to the actual rotation of the master optical disk 150, the phase of the wobble signal can be accurately aligned once in one round at a specific location, thereby eliminating the possibility of accumulating phase shifts. be able to.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 10 shows an optical disk manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. This optical disk manufacturing apparatus has the object of manufacturing an optical disk having the address information of the ID area independently in the center portions of the lands and the grooves, as described in FIGS. 8A and 8B. I have.

FIG. 10 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Only the points different from FIG. 9 showing the configuration of the optical disk manufacturing apparatus in FIG.

The difference from FIG. 9 is that the ON / OFF controller 2
00 and a light spot diameter adjuster 201. ON / O
The FF controller 200 controls the signal of the wobble signal generator 159 to wobble the guide track other than the ID area. The light spot diameter adjuster 201 uses a liquid crystal or the like,
The effective diameter of the light spot is varied by changing the numerical aperture NA of the optical constant.

An outline of an actual optical disc cutting operation will be described below with reference to FIG. The description of the same operation as that of the optical disk manufacturing apparatus according to the fourth embodiment is omitted.

The signal in the ID area from ID signal generator 163 is input to first signal selector 160.

A predetermined signal for forming a groove from the predetermined signal generator 162 is sent to the first signal selector 160.
The output signal from the first signal selector 160 is selected by the output of the timing signal generator 161. In the address areas of ID1 to ID4, the ID signal generator 16
3 is selected, and in other regions, the signal from the predetermined signal generator 162 is selected.

Upon receiving the output signal from the first signal selector 160, the laser output modulator 157 sends a signal to the optical head 151 so that laser light of a predetermined intensity is output from the optical head 151. As a result, the optical head 1
51 emits a laser beam with a predetermined output value, and is radiated to the optical disk master 150.

The wobble signal from the wobble signal generator 159 is used to generate a wobble in the guide track. The wolve signal is output from the ON / OFF controller 20.
0, and the wobble signal is turned on in a region other than the ID region by a signal from the timing signal generator 161. The output of the ON / OFF controller 200 is supplied to the deflector 166
Connected to. The deflector 166 causes the light spot to vibrate in the radial direction in an area other than the ID area to wobble the groove.
Further, based on a signal from the timing signal generator 161, the light spot diameter controller 201 controls the light spot in the ID area to be smaller. Optical head 151
Moves in the radial direction by a distance corresponding to the track pitch in one rotation according to a signal from the feed controller 158.

In this way, the optical disc master 150 is cut, and the rotation of the spindle motor 152 and the phase of the output signal of the wobble signal generator 159 are changed.
The optical disk master 150 shifts due to rotational fluctuation or eccentricity. Therefore, in order to align the initial phase of the wobble signal every rotation, the reset signal generator 155 resets the wobble signal generator 159 every rotation based on the output signal from the one rotation signal detector 153. As a result, due to the actual rotation of the master optical disc 150, the phase of the wobble signal is accurately aligned with a predetermined position for each rotation, thereby eliminating the possibility of accumulating a phase shift.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 11 shows a read-only ROM area in an optical disc according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
The relationship between a rewritable area in which information can be rewritten and an information unrecorded area is shown.

As shown in FIG. 11, there is a read-only ROM area, a rewritable area in which information can be rewritten, and an information unrecorded area provided in the middle between the ROM area and the rewritable area. A transition area is provided in part or all of the storage area on the rewritable area side. FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of a transition area between the ROM area and the rewritable area. There are two types of transition region configurations. One is a continuous guide track which does not include an ID which is an address area and includes a wobble signal as in the transition area shown in FIG. The other is a configuration including an ID area, which is an address area, like a rewritable area. In any case, a processing clock for the recording process can be generated.

For example, when information is recorded in sector # 0, the light spot is tracked in the transition area (groove) of the information unrecorded area, and then recording processing is performed based on the wobble signal obtained from the RF signal. Clock can be obtained. However, it is assumed here that the light spot moves in the direction of the arrow (from left to right in the drawing). In order to draw the light spot into the transition area, the transition area needs to be at least one track long. This is because the incident angle cannot be specified during rotation of the optical disk.

In FIG. 12, the transition area has three tracks, and the groove and land are switched every rotation. The switching spot between the groove and the land in the transition area may be a portion where the beginning of the ID area is extended toward the inner circumference, or a spot where the last part of the ID area is extended toward the inner circumference. Alternatively, the grooves and lands need not be switched.

The sector # 0 does not necessarily need to start from a land track, but may start from a groove track.

As described above, according to the optical disk of the present embodiment, the transition area is provided in a part or all of the rewritable area side of the information unrecorded area, so that the optical disc is the head of the rewritable area. In the sector # 0, a recording clock can be stably generated from the groove.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 13 shows the relationship among a read-only read-in area, an information non-storage area including a transition area, a rewritable area, and a lead-out area in an optical disk according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. FIG.

Here, the track pitch To of the lead-in area, which is a read-only ROM area, and the track pitch Tw of the rewritable area are set so as to satisfy the relationship of To> = Tw. That is, in some optical discs having different data capacities, the track pitch of the lead-in area is kept constant, while the track pitch of the rewritable area can be changed to change the data capacity. As a result, when the data capacity of the rewritable area becomes the smallest, To = Tw, and when the capacity of the rewritable area increases, the track pitch Tw of the rewritable area becomes narrow.

As described above, in the optical disk of this embodiment, the track pitch T of the lead-in area
o and the track pitch Tw of the rewritable area, To> =
By setting the relationship to be Tw, even if the optical discs have different data capacities in the rewritable area, the track pitch of the lead-in area to be reproduced first is the same, so that it can be easily reproduced. In addition, by knowing the characteristics of the track in the rewrite area according to the reproduced control information, tracking control is achieved according to the characteristics of the track, and compatibility is guaranteed.

[0091]

According to the present invention, a predetermined method of using an optical data recording disk having an improved data storage capacity can be found. Therefore, even if the amount of general computer data such as music and video data increases, it can be stored on an optical disk. Further, since a fixed clock for determining a sector address is not used, continuous video and audio data can be recorded on an optical disk according to the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a format structure in which a groove and a land are switched on an optical disc according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a sector format in the optical disc according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a phase relationship between information data and a wobble of a guide track.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical disc according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows an optical disc according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Block diagram of optical disk device for recording information

FIG. 6A is a configuration diagram of an ID area shifted by a half track pitch in the optical disc according to the second embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 7 is a detailed view of a sector format in the optical disc according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8A shows an optical disc according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, in which lands and grooves have independent addresses.
FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating the phase shift of a wobble in the optical disc according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of an optical disk manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an optical disk manufacturing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a relationship among a read-only ROM area, a rewritable area, and an information unrecorded area in the optical disc according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a transition area between a ROM area and a rewritable area.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a relationship among a read-only read-in area, an information unrecorded area, a rewritable area, and a lead-out area in the optical disc according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a format example of a conventional optical disc.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 50 optical disk 51 input device 52 error correction encoder 53 digital modulator 54 additional signal generator 55 multiplexer 56 semiconductor laser modulator 57 optical head 58 head amplifier 59 TE detector 5a head driver 5b ID detector 5c timing generation 5d Wobble signal detector 5e Write clock generator 150 Optical disk master 151 Optical head 152 Spindle motor 153 One rotation signal detector 154 Spindle motor rotation controller 155 Reset signal generator 156 Reference clock generator 157 Laser output modulator 158 Feed control 159 Wobble signal generator 160 First signal selector 161 Timing signal generator 162 Predetermined signal generator 163 ID signal generator 164 Second signal selector 165 Deflection signal generator 166 Deflector

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiya Takemura 1006 Kadoma Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. In-company (72) Inventor Isao Sato 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-10-11763 (JP, A) JP-A-10-91967 (JP, A (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G11B ^7/ 00-7/013 G11B 7/24

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of sectors are provided on a guide track, each of which includes an ID area, an information recording area, and information not recorded.
Comprising a recording area, said information recording area, in the optical disk having a groove and lands oscillating at a single frequency in a radial direction relative to the track in the guide, the ID region is a region including address information address
The ID area has a plurality of blocks.
A first address block group including two locks and a circle
A second address including two address blocks adjacent in the circumferential direction;
And a first address block group.
And the second address block group from the track center axis
In the radial direction, shift in the opposite direction by almost half the track pitch.
The address blocks included in the first address block group.
Data length of the address block at the head of the
Is the address block included in the first address block group.
Of the data of the address block other than the head of the lock
The address blocks included in the second address block group that are longer than the length .
Data length of the address block at the head of the
Is the address block included in the second address block group.
Of the data of the address block other than the head of the lock
Longer than the length, the groove and the land are switched at each rotation of the guide track, and each sector has a length corresponding to an integral multiple of one cycle of the frequency of the vibration, and at each rotation of the guide track. An optical disk including an integer number of such sectors.