JP3223357U - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided a heat exchanger that prevents the occurrence of a problem that icing moisture adheres to a front surface of a low temperature gas passage of a condenser or a surface near an inlet portion and blocks the low temperature gas passage. The low temperature air passage is formed by extending a width W of the high temperature air passages 3a to 3c and the like from a length L of the low temperature air passages 4a and 4b and the like, and protruding the high temperature air passage to the low temperature air inlet side. An ejection hole 8 is formed in the flat plate plates 2b to 2e of the protruding portion 7 of the high-temperature air passage corresponding to the inlet portion 6, and the high-temperature air is directed from the ejection hole 8 toward the inlet portion 6 of the low-temperature air passage. A part of the high-temperature air passing through the passage is ejected. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between high-temperature air and low-temperature air passing through a high-temperature air passage and a low-temperature air passage adjacent to each other, and an air-conditioning system using such a heat exchanger.

For example, an aircraft air-conditioning system using a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between high-temperature air and low-temperature air passing through a high-temperature air passage and a low-temperature air passage that are adjacent to each other is known in the form shown in FIG. Yes.
In FIG. 5, high-temperature and high-pressure engine bleed air from an engine compressor (not shown) is cooled by heat exchange with ram air (outside air) in a primary heat exchanger 26, and the compressor 20
The temperature rises as the pressure is increased and the pressure is further increased. This hot air is the hot air flow path 22.
Then, it is cooled again by heat exchange with the ram air in the secondary heat exchanger 25, and dehumidified through a dehumidifying circuit comprising two heat exchangers of the reheater 27 and condenser 24 and a water separator 28.

As is well known, a heat exchanger such as the reheater 27 and the condenser 24 has a plurality of flat plate plates and a high temperature air passage through which high temperature air passes and a low temperature air passage through which low temperature air passes between adjacent plates. In this configuration, the heat is exchanged between the hot air passing through the hot air passage and the cold air passing through the cold air passage. The high-temperature air passage and the low-temperature air passage are provided with a large number of fins in order to increase heat exchange efficiency.

The high-temperature air dehumidified by the dehumidifying circuit (reheater 27, condenser 24, water separator 28) is steamed again through the reheater 27 and supplied to the turbine 21, and is supplied to the turbine 21. It is adiabatically expanded to become low-temperature air.
The low-temperature air leaving the turbine 21 passes through the low-temperature air passage of the condenser 24 through the low-temperature air passage 23 and is heat-exchanged with the high-temperature air passing through the high-temperature air passage of the condenser 24.
It becomes conditioned air, is mixed with in-machine recirculation air, and is supplied into the machine (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

In the air conditioning system configured as described above, the temperature of the low-temperature air exiting the turbine 21 is 20 ° C. to 30 ° C. during maximum cooling. For this reason, icing moisture generated by adiabatic expansion in the turbine 21 adheres to the front surface of the low-temperature air passage of the capacitor 24 and the surface near the inlet, and the capacitor 2
4 may be blocked, and a sufficient amount of conditioned air cannot be supplied into the machine via the condenser 24.
In addition, the amount of low-temperature air used for heat exchange with the high-temperature air in the condenser 24 may decrease, and heat exchange performance may deteriorate.

In order to avoid such a situation, a part of the high-temperature air that branches the bypass flow path 22a from the high-temperature air flow path 22 and exits the compressor 20 is guided to the low-temperature air passage inlet of the condenser 24,
It is suppressed that the low temperature air path in the capacitor | condenser 24 is blocked by icing moisture. 2
9 is an on-off valve that opens and closes the circulation of the bypass flow path 22a by detecting the blockage state of the low-temperature air passage due to icing moisture (freezing condition of icing moisture) based on the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the condenser 24. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-92994 A

Aircraft International Joint Development Promotion Fund [Explanation 17-5] “Technology Trends on Air-conditioning Systems Installed in Aircraft”

In the conventional air conditioning system and heat exchanger, a part of the high-temperature air (about 150 ° C. to about 180 ° C.) exiting the compressor is introduced near the inlet of the low-temperature air passage of the condenser (heat exchanger) by the bypass channel. As a result, icing moisture is not defrosted to some extent, but on the other hand, the introduction of high-temperature air inevitably reduces the cooling efficiency (dehumidification efficiency) of the dehumidification circuit composed of the reheater, condenser, and water separator.

Also, normally, the blockage of the low-temperature air passage of the condenser due to icing moisture is determined by whether or not the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream channels of the condenser reaches a predetermined value, so that the adhesion of icing moisture itself can be avoided. Therefore, it was not possible to prevent the occurrence of problems due to the adhesion of frozen moisture.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention suppresses the occurrence of problems that freeze moisture adheres to the front surface of the low temperature air passage of the condenser and the surface near the inlet and blocks the low temperature air passage with the simplest possible configuration. It aims at providing the heat exchanger and air-conditioning system which enabled it.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a heat exchanger according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a high-temperature air passage in which a plurality of flat plates are stacked and fins are provided between adjacent plates, and high-temperature air passes through the fins. The heat exchanger is configured to alternately and orthogonally form low-temperature air passages through which the low-temperature air passes to exchange heat between the high-temperature air passing through the high-temperature air passage and the low-temperature air passing through the low-temperature air passage. The high temperature air passage is wider than the low temperature air passage and has a protruding portion formed by protruding the high temperature air passage to the low temperature air inlet side, and the high temperature air passage corresponding to the inlet portion of the low temperature air passage is provided. An ejection hole is drilled in the flat plate plate of the protruding portion, and a part of the high temperature air passing through the high temperature air passage is ejected from the ejection hole toward the inlet portion of the low temperature air passage.
In the above configuration, the number of stages of the high temperature air passage or the low temperature air passage, the ratio of the width of the high temperature air passage to the length of the low temperature air passage, and the number and diameter of the ejection holes should be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the heat exchanger. Can do.

The heat exchanger of the present invention according to claim 2 is the heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the protruding portion of the high-temperature air passage is partitioned by a partition wall to form a fraction passage that is isolated from the high-temperature air passage, Air other than hot air that passes through the hot air passage is introduced into the fraction passage.
In this case, it is possible to select a blown air source that passes through the fractionation passage.
When the cooling capacity is insufficient, air as low as possible is introduced, although it is limited to the air in the high-temperature air flow path.

Furthermore, the heat exchanger of the present invention according to claim 3 is the heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the injection hole is formed in the side wall surface of the high temperature air passage or the fractionation passage on the low temperature air inlet side. It has been drilled.

Furthermore, the high-temperature air compressed by the compressor is cooled by a heat exchanger, dehumidified by a condenser and a water separator, supplied to the turbine, and the low-temperature air adiabaticly expanded by the turbine is again heat-exchanged by the condenser and harmonized. An air conditioning system for taking out as air, wherein the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used as a condenser.

According to the heat exchanger of the present invention, it is provided with the ejection holes for ejecting a part of the high-temperature air passing through the high-temperature air passage toward the inlet of the low-temperature air passage. It is possible to suppress a problem that the low-temperature air passage is not deposited at the inlet portion of the low-temperature air passage and adheres to the front surface of the low-temperature air passage or the inner surface of the passage to block the low-temperature air passage. That is, the frozen moisture is blown away by the ejection energy of the high-temperature air ejected from the ejection hole, and the adhesion of the frozen moisture is prevented.
Further, in an air conditioning system using such a heat exchanger, the amount of low-temperature air provided for heat exchange with high-temperature air does not decrease, and heat exchange efficiency does not decrease.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of embodiment of the heat exchanger of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the cross section of the low-temperature gas passage direction of the heat exchanger of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the cross section of the low-temperature gas passage direction which shows another example of embodiment of the heat exchanger of this invention. It is a flow-path block diagram which shows an example of the air conditioning system for aircrafts using the heat exchanger of this invention of FIG. It is a flow-path block diagram which shows the form of the air-conditioning system for aircraft which uses a general heat exchanger.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the heat exchanger of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, the basic structure of the heat exchanger 1 is as is well known. That is, a large number of flat plates 2a to 2l are stacked and a high-temperature air flow path (
High-temperature air passages 3a to 3f through which high-temperature air from the high-temperature air inlet side passes, and low-temperature air flow paths (
The low temperature air passages 4a to 4e through which the low temperature air from the low temperature air inlet side passes are alternately and orthogonally formed, and the adjacent high temperature air passages 3a to 3f and the low temperature air passages 4a to 4e are adjacent to each other.
In this configuration, heat exchange is performed between the high-temperature air and the low-temperature air.

The low-temperature air passage 4c is a bypass passage having a large diameter and prevents the amount of low-temperature air used for heat exchange from being significantly reduced by blocking the low-temperature air passages 4a, 4b, 4d, and 4e due to adhesion of icing moisture. Is provided to do. That is, the low-temperature air passage 4c has a large diameter, so that frozen water does not accumulate or adhere and the passage is not blocked, and the minimum necessary amount of low-temperature air (amount).
Can be secured. Also, the high temperature air passages 3a to 3f and the low temperature air passages 4a, 4a, 4
b, 4c, and 4e are provided with a large number of fins 5 in order to increase heat exchange efficiency.

In the heat exchanger 1 of the present invention, in addition to the basic structure of the heat exchanger, the low-temperature air passages 4a, 4b
The width W of the high-temperature air passages 3a to 3f is wider than the length L of 4c and 4d.
FIG. 2 shows the upper three stages of FIG. 1 with the same configuration as that of all stages. In FIG. 2, the high temperature air passages 3 a to 3 c include a large number of fins 5 inside, and are formed so that the high temperature air passes in a direction perpendicular to the drawing. The width W of the high temperature air passages 3a to 3c is the low temperature air passage 4a,
It is formed wider than the length L of 4b, and a part of the high-temperature air passages 3a to 3c in the width direction protrudes to the low-temperature air inlet side.
In the protruding portion 7 of the high temperature air passages 3a to 3c, the inlet portion 6 is formed in the low temperature air passages 4a and 4b, except for the flat plate 2f that forms the uppermost flat plate 2a and the bypass passage 4c. The plate-like plates 2b to 2e of the protruding portion 7 corresponding to the portion 6 are provided with a large number of ejection holes 8 from the ejection holes 8 toward the inlet portions 6 of the low temperature air passages 4a and 4b. A portion of the hot air passing through ~ 3c is ejected.

In the above configuration, the number of stages of the high temperature air passages 3a to 3f or the low temperature air passages 4a to 4e, the presence or absence of the bypass passage 4c, the width W of the high temperature air passages 3a to 3f or the low temperature air passages 4a and 4b,
The length L of 4c and 4e and the number and diameter of the ejection holes 8 can be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the heat exchanger 1.

Next, another example of the embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In contrast to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the cold air passages 4a, 4b
The protruding portions 7 of the high-temperature air passages 3a to 3c corresponding to the inlet portion 6 (see FIG. 2) are partitioned by a partition wall 9 to form fraction passages 10a to 10c separated from the high-temperature air passages 3a to 3c. Fraction passages are similarly formed for the high temperature air passages 3d to 3f (see FIG. 1) corresponding to the inlet portions 6 of the low temperature air passages 4d and 4e.
In the above configuration, as high-temperature air to be ejected from the ejection holes 8 of the fraction passages 10a to 10c,
An air source other than the high-temperature air that passes through the high-temperature air passages 3a to 3c can be appropriately selected according to the cooling capacity.

For example, when the cooling capacity is insufficient, it is desirable to use the air in the high-temperature air flow path in the air conditioning system as low-temperature air as possible as the high-temperature air that is ejected from the ejection hole 8. Then, the high-temperature air before being supplied to the turbine can be bypassed and introduced into the fractionation passages 10a to 10c (see FIG. 4).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the ejection holes 8a are also formed in the side walls of the fraction passages 10a to 10c on the cold air inlet side. Although not shown, the hot air passages 3a to 3 of the embodiment shown in FIG.
An ejection hole 8a can also be formed in the side wall surface of c.
According to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent freezing moisture from adhering to and depositing on the side wall surfaces of the fractional passages 10a to 10c and the high temperature air passages 3a to 3c that are in contact with the adiabatically expanded low temperature air.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of an air conditioning system using the heat exchanger 1 of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the heat exchanger of the embodiment of FIG. 3, that is, the heat exchanger 1 provided with the fractionation passage 10 is used as a condenser in an air conditioning system for aircraft.

The high-temperature and high-pressure engine bleed air from the engine (not shown) is cooled by heat exchange with ram air introduced from outside the machine body by the primary heat exchanger 26, compressed by the compressor 20, and further increased in pressure and temperature. To rise. Next, the high-temperature air is cooled again by heat exchange with the ram air in the secondary heat exchanger 25 through the high-temperature air flow path 22, further cooled by heat exchange in the reheater 27, and then in the condenser (heat exchanger) 1. Cool further.
The water in the high-temperature air is condensed by cooling with the reheater 27 and the condenser 1, and the condensed water is separated and removed in the water separator 28 using centrifugal force. The reheater 27, the two heat exchangers of the condenser 1 and the water separator 28 form a dehumidification circuit. The high-temperature air from which moisture has been separated is used again for cooling the high-temperature air before moisture separation in the reheater 27, and then supplied to the turbine 21, where it is adiabatically expanded by the turbine 21 to become low-temperature air.

The low-temperature air that exits the turbine 21 passes through the low-temperature air flow path 23 and is used to cool the high-temperature air in the condenser 1 and then is supplied as conditioned air into the cabin of an aircraft cabin or the like. In addition,
The compressor 20 is started by a motor (not shown) at the start, and after the start, the turbine 2
It is driven by the power extracted from 1.

In the condenser 1, a high-temperature air flow path 22 between the compressor 20 and the turbine 21.
The high-temperature air is cooled to become conditioned air by causing heat exchange between the high-temperature air flowing through the low-temperature air flowing through the low-temperature air flow path 23 connected to the outlet of the turbine 21.
In the middle of the reheater 27 of the high temperature air flow path 22 and the flow path of the turbine 21, a part of the high temperature air cooled by heat exchange in the reheater 27 is separated into the fractionation passage 10 formed in the capacitor 1 described with reference to FIG. The bypass flow path 11 to be supplied to (10a, 10b, 10c) is branched. An open / close valve 12 opens and closes the flow of the bypass flow path 11.

According to the above configuration, part of the high-temperature air (the coldest air in the high-temperature air flow path 22) supplied from the reheater 27 to the turbine 21 passes through the bypass flow path 11 and the fractional passage 10 of the capacitor 1. To the inlet 6 of the low temperature air passages 4 a, 4 b, 4 d, 4 e and the side wall surfaces of the respective fraction passages 10 from the ejection holes 8, 8 a formed in the fraction passage 10.
As a result, icing moisture generated by adiabatic expansion in the turbine 21 adheres to the front surfaces of the low-temperature air passages 4a, 4b, 4d and 4e of the condenser 1, the vicinity of the inlet portion 6, and the side wall surface of the fractionation passage 10. Is suppressed. This action is not due to ice melting due to the temperature of the high-temperature air, but is a result of being blown off before adhering or accumulating by the ejection energy ejected from the hot air ejection holes 8 and 8a, and preventing the adhering or accumulating of icing moisture itself. Can do.
Therefore, a sufficient amount of conditioned air can be supplied into the machine via the condenser 1 without blocking the low-temperature air passages 4a, 4b, 4d, and 4e in the condenser 1, and the engine bleed air in the condenser 1 can be supplied. The amount of low-temperature air used for heat exchange with (high-temperature air) is reduced, and the heat exchange performance is not lowered.

In the air conditioning system, the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3 is used as the condenser 1, but the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 2 can also be used, and the same effect can be expected.
The air conditioning system of the present invention is not limited to the aircraft air conditioning system, but includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between high-temperature air passing through the high-temperature air passage and low-temperature air passing through the low-temperature air passage. The present invention can be widely applied to air conditioning systems to be used, such as automobiles and general household air conditioning systems.

1,24 condenser (heat exchanger)
2a to 2l Flat plate plates 3a to 3f High temperature air passages 4a to 4e Low temperature air passage 4c Bypass passage 5 Fin 6 Inlet portion 7 Extruding portion 8, 8a Ejection hole 9 Bulkhead 10 Fraction passage 10a, 10b, 10c Fraction passage 11, 22a Bypass passage 12, 29 On-off valve 20 Compressor 21 Turbine 22 High temperature air passage 23 Low temperature air passage 25 Secondary heat exchanger 26 Primary heat exchanger 27 Reheater 28 Water separator

Claims (1)

Laminating a plurality of plate-like plates and, between adjacent plates, a high-temperature air passage through which high-temperature air is provided with fins, and a low-temperature air passage through which low-temperature air is provided with fins,
In a heat exchanger that is formed alternately and orthogonally and exchanges heat between the hot air passing through the hot air passage and the cold air passing through the cold air passage, the temperature higher than the length of the cold air passage The flat plate of the protruding portion of the high-temperature air passage corresponding to the inlet portion of the low-temperature air passage has a protruding portion formed by widening the width of the air passage and protruding the high-temperature air passage to the low-temperature air inlet side. A heat exchanger characterized in that an ejection hole is formed in a plate-like plate, and a part of the high-temperature air passing through the high-temperature air passage is ejected from the ejection hole toward the inlet of the low-temperature air passage.