JP3222800B2 - Work machine display - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power unit whose rotation speed is changed and adjusted by a manual rotation speed adjusting unit, a rotation speed detecting unit for detecting the rotation speed of the power unit, and the power unit. The present invention relates to a display device for a work machine provided with rotation speed display means configured to move an instruction unit for instructing the detected rotation speed along a change in the rotation speed along a set path.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a working machine such as a combine or a tractor, at the start of operation, a manual adjusting means such as an accelerator lever is operated to set the rotation speed of an engine as a power unit to a set rotation speed (usually a rated rotation speed). The work is performed after the adjustment, and the load on the engine corresponds to the amount of decrease in the engine speed from the set speed. In the conventional display device, the engine speed is displayed on an analog type tachometer using a pointer, while the load of the engine is displayed on another display such as a bar graph (for example, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 482
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-62339). Alternatively, a display of an engine speed is displayed by switching between a bar graph display and an engine load display on a screen of an image display device such as a liquid crystal display. Gazette).

[0003]

In the former of the above prior arts, it is necessary to provide an indicator for the load in addition to the one for the engine speed, and in the latter, an image display such as a liquid crystal type is required. It is necessary to provide a device, and there is a problem that the device configuration is complicated and expensive, and furthermore,
In the latter case, there is also an inconvenience that the engine load cannot be known in the display state of the engine speed. or,
After the work is started after adjusting to the rated rotation speed, the engine rotation speed may fluctuate instantaneously due to, for example, pulsation of the engine or a sudden increase in the work load, but usually stops after a predetermined time. Even if the engine speed is restored to a stable state, if the instantaneous change in the engine speed is faithfully displayed, there is a possibility that the worker may feel uselessly anxious about the load state of the engine. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to read the load state of an engine on the display of the engine speed by using a configuration as simple as possible in order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. It is another object of the present invention to prevent a worker from giving unnecessary uneasiness about the load state of the engine by suppressing and displaying a change in the engine speed that fluctuates instantaneously in the work state.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotational speed of the power unit whose rotational speed is changed by the manual rotational speed adjusting means is detected, and the rotational speed of the power unit is changed according to the change in the rotational speed of the power unit. In the number display means, a reading display unit provided for reading the position of the indicating unit along the setting path, wherein the indicating unit for indicating the detected rotation speed of the power unit moves along the set path, When reading whether or not the number of revolutions of the power unit is the set number of revolutions to be set by the number-of-rotations adjusting means, and the load of the power unit represented by the amount of decrease in the number of revolutions from the set number of revolutions of the power unit In addition, in the working state, the responsiveness of the movement of the indicator to the change in the rotation speed of the power unit is less sensitive than the responsiveness in the non-working state.

Therefore, before starting the work, that is, in a non-working state, operating the rotation speed adjusting means such as the accelerator lever,
When adjusting the rotation speed of a power unit such as an engine to the set rotation speed for work (usually the rated rotation speed), etc., quickly check the position of the indicator that responds sensitively to changes in rotation speed. In the working state, the load of the power plant can be read in a stable display state by the above-mentioned indicator that does not respond to a rapid change in the rotation speed while the adjustment operation is being performed. A separate load display or an image display device that switches and displays the number of rotations and load is provided to eliminate the problem of complicated and expensive device configuration, and to display the engine rotation speed with a simple configuration. The engine load condition can be read at the same time, and at the same time, the pulsation of the engine and the And displayed by suppressing a change in the engine speed varies instantaneously by sudden increase or the like of the load, it is possible to avoid giving a sense unnecessary anxiety for the load condition of the engine to the operator.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, when the rotation speed detection information is sampled at a set time interval and the predetermined number of sampled data are averaged, the number of data in the non-working state is determined in the working state. The responsiveness of the movement of the indicator is made less sensitive than the responsiveness in the non-working state by averaging a larger number of data to obtain the detected rotational speed of the power unit.

Therefore, since a plurality of sampled data are averaged, even if abnormal data is mixed due to, for example, noise or the like, the influence thereof can be suppressed and the detected rotation speed of the power plant can be properly obtained. At the same time, the responsiveness of the movement of the pointing unit between the working state and the non-working state can be adjusted by a simple configuration in which only the number of sampling data at the time of the averaging processing is changed. Suitable measures are obtained.

[0008] In claim 3, in claim 1 or 2,
When the rotation speed of the power unit is changed by the unit rotation speed in the high rotation speed range for work including the set rotation speed, the amount of movement of the indicator unit is lower than the high rotation speed range for work. It is larger than the moving amount of the indicator when the number is changed by the unit rotation speed.

Therefore, for the same change in the number of revolutions, the moving range of the indicator is expanded in the high-speed working range including the set number of revolutions compared with the low-speed range. Compared to the case where the moving amount of the instruction unit is the same in the high rotation range and the low rotation range for work, whether the rotation speed of the power unit is the set rotation number and whether the load state of the power unit is Claim 1 which can be read more accurately and easily.
Or two suitable means are obtained.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, when the rotation speed of the power unit is changed by a unit rotation speed near the set rotation speed within the high rotation range for work, the moving amount is other than the vicinity of the set rotation speed. It is smaller than the moving amount when the rotation speed of the power unit is changed by a unit rotation speed in a high rotation range for work.

Therefore, in the high rotation range for work in which the movement range of the indicator for the same change in the rotation speed is expanded as compared with the low rotation range, the movement amount of the indicator near the set rotation speed is set to other high rotation speeds. If the moving amount of the indicator near the set speed is the same as the other high speed range, the operation of the adjusting means for adjusting the speed of the power unit to the set speed will vary. In contrast to the above, the indicator is easily deviated from the set number of revolutions and it is difficult to adjust, but even if there is some variation in the above adjustment operation, the indicator is positioned at the set number of revolutions to complete the adjustment operation quickly. Thus, the preferred means of claim 3 can be obtained.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a combine as a working machine will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the combine is provided with a mowing unit 1 at a front portion of an airframe V having a pair of right and left crawler traveling devices 3, and a maneuvering unit 2 behind the mowing unit 1.
A threshing unit 4, a diesel engine 5 as a power unit, a transmission unit 6 for the crawler traveling device 3, and the like are provided. The cutting unit 1 includes a stock sensor S1 that is turned on when the grain stalk is touched to detect that a cutting operation is being performed.
Is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control section 2 includes a control tower 10, a driving seat 11, and a left side of the driving seat 11 provided with a steering lever 8 and an instrument device 9 for steering the body V and elevating the reaping section 1. And an operation box 12, a floor step 13, and the like.

Next, a power transmission system is shown in FIG. The output of the engine 5 is transmitted to the threshing unit 4 via the threshing clutch 21 and the traveling clutch 22 and the continuously variable transmission 23
Is transmitted to the mission unit 6 via the Part of the output transmitted to the mission unit 6 is transmitted to the reaping unit 1 via the reaping clutch 24. S2 is a threshing switch for detecting the on / off state of the threshing clutch 21, and S3 is a vehicle speed sensor provided in the transmission unit 6 for detecting a vehicle speed.

A switching mechanism for switching the steering state to neutral, forward, and reverse states in conjunction with the continuously variable transmission 23 being shifted forward or backward by a shift lever (not shown). Are provided in the transmission 6, and a neutral switch S4 for detecting a neutral state of the steering and a reverse switch S5 for detecting a reverse state are provided (see FIG. 7). Here, when the combine performs the work (the harvesting work), the steering deviates from the neutral state and enters the running state, so that the neutral switch S4 constitutes a work state detecting means for detecting whether or not the work state is present. . That is, the state where the neutral switch S4 is off corresponds to the working state, and the state where the neutral switch S4 is on corresponds to the non-working state.

As shown in FIG. 4, the governor 2 of the engine 5
7 is returned to the starting position by a spring or the like (not shown), and is manually operated by the accelerator lever 7 provided on the control unit 2 in conjunction with the release wire 26. The accelerator lever 7 can be held at the current operating position by the friction holding mechanism 25. That is, the speed adjusting lever 28 is swung to a desired position by the accelerator lever 7 as a manual type rotational speed adjusting means, and the rotational speed (output) of the engine 5 is changed and adjusted. Normally, after operating the accelerator lever 7 to the starting position to start the engine 5,
While watching the display of the tachometer 17 to be described later, the user operates the output increasing side so as to reach the rated rotation speed (for example, 2900 rpm) which is the set rotation speed for work.

As shown in FIG. 7, a control device 43 is provided using a microcomputer. The control device 43 includes a stock sensor S1, a threshing switch S2,
The detection information of the vehicle speed sensor S3, the neutral switch S4, and the reverse switch S5 are input, and the detection information of the frequency detector 42 that detects the power generation frequency (pulse signal) of the dynamo 41 is also input to the control device 43. ing. Here, since the power generation frequency of the dynamo 41 corresponds to the rotational speed of the engine 5, the frequency detector 42 constitutes a rotational speed detecting means for detecting the rotational speed of the engine 5. The control device 43 stores the value of the rated rotation speed (for example, 2900 r).
pm) is stored.

On the other hand, a drive signal for the meter device 9 and the horn 14 is output from the control device 43. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the meter device 9 is provided with a tachometer 17 for analog display of the engine speed by the movement of the indicator hand 17a, and various indicator lights. That is, 29 is a rice clogging warning light, 30 is a cutter clogging warning light, 31 is a blinker lamp, 32 is a water temperature warning light, 33
Is an oil warning light, 34 is a charging warning light, 35 is an hour meter, 36 is a remaining fuel amount display light, and 37 is a load warning light.

The tachometer 17 and the control device 4
3 and the indicator needle 17a as an indicator for instructing the detected number of revolutions in accordance with the change in the number of revolutions of the engine 5 along a set path (in the figure, a left-right arcuate path). Rotation speed display means 100 configured to move
Is configured.

As shown by a solid line in FIG. 5, the rotation speed display means 100 indicates a pointer when the rotation speed of the engine 5 changes by a unit rotation speed in the high rotation speed range F for work including the rated rotation speed. The movement amount of the engine 5 is set to be larger than the movement amount in the rotation speed range lower than the high rotation speed range F for work, and the rotation speed of the engine 5 is reduced to the unit rotation speed near the rated rotation speed (rated rotation speed range). The moving amount of the pointer 17a when it is changed is configured to be smaller than the moving amount in the high rotation range F for work other than the vicinity of the rated rotation speed.

In other words, the angular range of the high rotation range F for working is wider than the arithmetic ratio of the engine speed to the entire rotation range. For example, the maximum rotation speed is 3200 rpm
And the high rotation range F for work is 2400 rpm to 320
Assuming that the rotation speed is 0 rpm, the arithmetic ratio of the high rotation range F for work to the entire rotation range is (3200-2400) / 32.
00 = １ ／ = 25%, and assuming that the total movement angle of the pointer 17a is 100 degrees, the display angle of the high rotation range F for work when not enlarged is 25 degrees. The display angle of the high rotation range F for work is enlarged to about 45 degrees by the electrical processing in the control device 43 to provide the tachometer 17 that is easy to use visually.

FIG. 5 shows a case in which the movement amount of the pointer 17a per unit rotation speed is the same in the entire rotation speed range by a two-dot chain line. The high rotation range F for work, which is a narrow rotation range, is enlarged to indicate the pointer 1.
7a has been replaced by a large deflection angle, and
It is shown that the deflection angle of the pointer 17a near the rated rotation speed is narrowed in the vicinity of the rated rotation speed while being in the enlarged rotation range.

The relationship between the operation amount of the accelerator lever 7 and the change amount of the engine speed is set so as to be substantially linear over the entire speed range. The change amount of the engine speed with respect to the unit operation amount of the accelerator lever 7 in the region F is made smaller than the change amount of the engine speed with respect to the unit operation amount of the accelerator lever 7 in the rotation region lower than the high rotation region F for work. Non-linear relationships can also be provided.

The rotation speed display means 100 determines the responsiveness of the movement of the pointer 17a to the change in the rotation speed of the engine 5 when the operation state (running state) is detected by the neutral switch S4. It is configured to be less sensitive than when a non-working state (running stop state) is detected. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the rotation speed detection information from the frequency detector 42 is sampled at a set time interval Δt, and a predetermined number of sampled data are averaged to detect the rotation speed of the engine 5. In the working state, the number of sampling data to be averaged (16 in the figure) is made larger than the number of data in the non-working state (8 in the figure).
The detected rotation speed Kf in the working state and the detected rotation speed Kn in the non-working state are obtained, and the pointer 17 in the working state is obtained.
The responsiveness of the movement a is less sensitive than the responsiveness in the non-working state. In FIG. 8, the latest sampling data is t0, and the data before this is sequentially t1, t2... T7.
When the next data is sampled after the set time interval Δt, the data becomes t0, and the numbers of the data t0, t1,.
Increase to t1, t2, etc.

[0025]

Kf = (t0 + t1 +... + T15) / 16 Kn = (t0 + t1 +... + T7) / 8

FIG. 9 shows the result of making the response of the movement of the pointer 17a less sensitive in the working state than in the non-working state. First, in the non-working state, when the accelerator lever 7 is operated to increase the rotation speed and adjust the rated rotation speed to the rated rotation speed after the engine 5 is started, the response of the movement of the pointer 17a is good. As shown in the figure, the rotation speed display indicated by the solid line follows the actual rotation speed change indicated by the dotted line with a small amount of delay, and the accelerator operation and the actual display correspond well, and Can be operated without. Further, when the threshing clutch 21 is turned on to drive the threshing unit 4, the rotation speed is reduced by a predetermined amount as shown in FIG.

Next, when the continuously variable transmission 23 is shifted from the neutral position to the forward side, the neutral switch S4 changes from the on state to the off state, and the work state is detected. And
At the start of traveling, the engine speed decreases as shown in FIG. 3C, and the engine speed fluctuates up and down due to pulsation of the engine 5 as shown in FIG. The engine speed decreases due to sudden increase in load or the like. Here, in the working state, the response of the indicating section 17a is slow, and therefore, the movement of the indicating section 17a does not follow the rapid change in the rotational speed indicated by the dotted line, as indicated by the solid line. Of the load on the display is suppressed.

The tachometer 17 has a reading display unit YH provided along the movement path of the pointer 17a for reading the position of the pointer 17a. It is provided to be able to read whether or not it is the rated speed to be set, and to be able to read the load of the engine 5 represented by the amount of decrease in the speed from the rated speed of the engine 5.

The reading display section YH has a plurality of load display portions indicating loads of the engine 5 in a plurality of stages. Specifically, an appropriate load display unit that indicates that the amount of decrease in the rotational speed of the engine 5 is in an appropriate load state (appropriate rotation range a in the figure) that is smaller than the small set value so as to represent a three-stage load. 38, a load caution display section 39 for displaying that the rotation speed reduction amount is in a load caution state (caution rotation range b in the figure) between the small-side set value and the large-side set value; A load alarm display unit 40 is provided to indicate that the load is in the load alarm state (the alarm rotation range c in the figure) in which the amount of decrease in the rotational speed is greater than the set value on the large side.

Each of the display sections is color-coded so as to be identifiable. Specifically, the appropriate load display section 38 is colored green, the load caution display section 39 is colored yellow, the load alarm display section 40 is colored red, and the rated rotation range d indicating the rated rotation range d within the appropriate rotation range a. The display 38a is formed in white. Thus, whether or not the engine speed is the rated speed or the load state can be quickly and visually recognized.

The load warning lamp 37 and the horn 14 constitute a load notifying means for selectively notifying the load state of the engine 5 from an appropriate load state, a load caution state, or a load alarm state. And the control device 43
Are configured to control the operation of the load warning light 37 and the horn 14 based on the detection information of the frequency detector 42. Specifically, the control device 43 blinks the load warning light 37 in the load caution state, and blinks the load warning light 37 in the load warning state.
4 is operated intermittently, and the load warning light 37
And the operation of the horn 14 is stopped.

[Alternative Embodiment] In the above embodiment, the rotational speed display means 100 is constituted by using the tachometer 17 and the control device 43 to control the detection information of the rotational speed of the power unit (engine 5). The controller 43 controls the driving of the indicator 17a of the tachometer 17 based on the processing result by inputting to the device 43 and performing the electrical processing. The present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the instruction unit 17a may be driven by a signal obtained by converting a rotation speed detection signal from the frequency detector 42 by a hardware circuit.

The configuration in which the response of the movement of the indicating unit 17a in the working state in the rotation speed display means 100 is less sensitive than the response in the non-working state is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment. Instead of changing the number of data to be averaged, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a set time interval Δt2 for sampling the rotation speed detection information in a working state.
Is longer than the set time interval Δt1 in the non-working state (for example, about twice), the same number of data (eight in the figure) is averaged as described above, and each detected rotation speed Kf, K
n may be obtained.

As another means for adjusting the responsiveness of the movement of the indicator 17a, in a configuration in which the indicator 17a is driven by a signal obtained by converting a rotation speed detection signal from the frequency detector 42 by a hardware circuit, The frequency response of the signal conversion circuit may be less sensitive in the working state than in the non-working state.

In the above embodiment, the entire rotation speed range (0 to 3200 rpm) of the power unit 5 is displayed on the rotation speed display means (the tachometer 1).
7), the display is not limited to this. For example, a rotation speed range below a predetermined rotation speed (for example, 500 rpm) is not displayed, and this rotation speed (for example, 500 rpm) is not displayed.
When the distance exceeds m), the instruction unit 17a may start moving. In this case, even if the moving amount per unit rotation speed of the pointer 17a in the high rotation range F for work and the low rotation speed range lower than this is the same, the pointer in the rotation range F for work F The advantage of increasing the display angle of 17a is obtained.

In the above embodiment, when the rotation speed of the power unit 5 changes by a unit rotation speed near the set rotation speed (rated rotation speed) in the high rotation range F for work, the moving amount of the indicator 17a is Although it is smaller than the movement amount in the high rotation range F for work other than the vicinity of the set rotation speed, it is larger than the movement amount in the rotation speed region lower than the high rotation range F for work. The amount of movement in the vicinity of the set rotation speed is made smaller than the amount of movement in the rotation speed region lower than the high rotation region F for work,
The moving amount in the vicinity of the set rotational speed is set to be the smallest in the entire rotational speed range, or the moving amount of the indicator 17a in the high rotational speed range F for work is set to be smaller in the lower rotational speed range. It is also possible to make only the movement amount near the set rotation speed smaller while keeping the same movement amount.

In the above embodiment, the high rotation range F
Although the deflection angle of the pointing unit 17a is changed linearly (see FIG. 5), the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the deflection angle may be changed in an arc shape.

In the above embodiment, the reading display section YH divides the display area to read the load of the power unit 5 in a plurality of stages (three stages). A scale with numbers such as 1, 2, and 3 may be attached to the path on the low rotational speed side from the position of, so that the larger the number on the scale where the pointer 17a is located, the greater the load. .

The rotation speed display means 100 is not a tachometer 17 provided with an indicator needle 17a as an indicator but is a liquid crystal or LE.
In a bar graph display device such as D, the tip of the lit bar (corresponding to the indicating unit) may move in a set direction according to a change in the number of revolutions.

The manual rotation speed adjusting means is not limited to the accelerator lever 7, but may be constituted by a volume, for example. In this case, an electric signal from a volume or the like is input to the control device, and the control device drives the actuator to change the rotation speed of the power device.

The power unit is not limited to the diesel engine 5, but may be another internal combustion engine, an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or the like.

The rotational speed detecting means is not limited to the frequency detector 42 for detecting the power generation frequency of the dynamo 41. For example, an electromagnetic force for applying a magnetic field to the flywheel ring gear of the engine 5 to detect a frequency corresponding to the number of teeth. A pickup type rotation speed sensor may be used.

In the above embodiment, the work state detecting means is constituted by the neutral switch S4, and the switch is turned off (running state) to the working state, while the switch is turned on (running stopped state) to the non-working state. Although corresponding to the state, the work state detecting means is not limited to this. For example, the work state detecting means may be constituted by both the neutral switch S4 and the threshing switch S2. In this case, as the non-working state, the neutral switch S4 is turned on and the threshing switch S2 is turned off, or the neutral switch S4 is turned on and the threshing switch S2 is turned off.
2 can be set to the ON state, and the detection conditions can be set as appropriate. Further, in addition to the neutral switch S4 and the threshing switch S2, a stock sensor S1 may be added to constitute a work state detecting means. In this case, for example, when the neutral switch S4 is in the off state, the threshing switch S2 and the stock switch Source sensor S
1 is in the ON state, and the other state can correspond to the non-work state.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a control unit.

FIG. 3 is a power transmission diagram of the combine.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an operation unit of the engine.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship graph between an engine speed and a deflection angle of a tachometer pointer.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an instrument device.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the combine.

FIG. 8 is a time chart showing sampling of rotation speed detection information.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing a follow-up state of a deflection angle of a pointer in response to a change in an engine speed;

FIG. 10 is a time chart illustrating sampling of rotation speed detection information according to another embodiment;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 5 power unit 7 rotation speed adjusting means 17a indicating unit 42 rotation speed detecting means 100 rotation speed displaying means S4 work state detecting means YH reading display unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI G05B 23/02 301 G05B 23/02 301P (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 69/00 A01D 67 / 00 A01D 41/12 B60K 35/00 F02D 29/00 G05B 23/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A power unit whose rotation speed is changed and adjusted by a manual rotation speed adjustment unit, a rotation speed detection unit for detecting a rotation speed of the power unit, and a power unit for detecting a change in the rotation speed of the power unit. A rotation speed display means configured to move an instruction unit for instructing the detected rotation speed along a set path, and display the rotation speed along the movement path of the instruction unit. A reading display unit provided for reading the position of the indicating unit is capable of reading whether or not the rotation speed of the power unit is a set rotation speed to be set by the rotation speed adjustment means, and A work state detecting means provided so as to be able to read a load of the power unit represented by an amount of decrease in the number of revolutions of the power unit from the set number of revolutions, and detecting whether or not the power unit is in a work state; The rotation speed table Indicating means for indicating the responsiveness of the movement of the indicator to a change in the rotation speed of the power unit, when the work state is detected by the work state detection means, compared to when the non-work state is detected. Work machine display device configured to be insensitive. 2. The rotation number display means samples the detection information of the rotation number detection means at a set time interval and averages a predetermined number of sampled data to obtain a detection rotation number of the power unit. In the working state, the number of sampling data to be averaged is made larger than the number of data in the non-working state, and the response of the movement of the pointing unit is less sensitive than the response in the non-working state. The display device for a working machine according to claim 1, wherein the display device is configured to: 3. The rotation speed display means displays the amount of movement of the indicator when the rotation speed of the power unit changes by a unit rotation speed in a high rotation speed range for work including the set rotation speed. 3. The display device for a working machine according to claim 1, wherein the movement amount is larger than the movement amount in a low rotation range lower than a high rotation range for use. 4. The rotation speed display means displays the amount of movement of the indicator when the rotation speed of the power unit changes by a unit rotation speed near the set rotation speed. The display device for a working machine according to claim 3, wherein the display device is configured to be smaller than the movement amount in a high rotation range for use.