JP3220422B2 - Tunnel excavator for updating existing pipeline - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for updating an existing pipeline for replacing a pipeline such as an old sewer pipe with a new pipeline.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To replace aging sewer pipes that have been deteriorated by long-term use, the sewer pipes are buried in a shallow part of a soft ground under a groundwater level such as a clay layer or sandy soil. In many cases, in order to prevent the occurrence of land subsidence at the time of renewal, it is necessary to excavate the ground around the sewer pipe using a completely closed shield excavator such as a muddy water type or a mud pressure type.

[0003] As a method of updating an existing pipeline such as a sewer pipe by using such a shield excavator, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-287984, a front donut is provided on the outer periphery of the existing pipeline. After arranging a shield excavator having a shape and excavating the ground around the existing pipeline by the shield excavator, assembling a new pipeline having a diameter larger than the existing pipeline behind the shield excavator, The method of removing the road has been adopted.

[0004]

However, according to the above-mentioned method of updating an existing pipeline, the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipeline is guided in a state in which the existing pipeline is passed through the center of a shield dough-shaped excavator having a front donut shape. In order to smoothly propell the shield excavator, the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe is required to be smooth, and in addition, the joint part is large like a fume pipe. In the case of a pipeline having a diameter, a large-diameter joint hinders advance of the shield excavator, and it becomes difficult to update the pipeline.

Further, as described above, the shield excavator excavates along the existing pipeline with the existing pipeline penetrating at the center thereof, so that the existing pipeline penetrates. There is a problem that the space inside the machine becomes narrow, and it becomes difficult to install a means for discharging excavated earth and sand such as a screw conveyor, an erector for assembling a new pipeline, and a hydraulic unit for operating various devices.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to smoothly crush the existing pipeline and excavate the surrounding ground while advancing using the inner surface of the existing pipeline as a guide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator for updating an existing pipeline which can be performed efficiently and does not narrow a space inside the machine.

[0007]

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel excavator for expanding and renewing an existing pipeline buried underground. At the front end opening of the cylindrical skin plate having a diameter larger than that of the road, a rotary cutter plate provided with a bit for crushing the existing pipeline and excavating the outer ground of the existing pipeline is disposed, and a front center of the rotary cutter plate is provided. The portion has a structure in which a cylindrical hood member for receiving the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline is protruded.

[0008]

When the hood member protruding forward from the rotary cutter plate side is inserted into the end of the existing pipeline, the existing pipeline crushing bit and the ground excavation bit provided on the rotary cutter plate are connected to the existing pipeline. It is in a state of being pressed against the end face and the outer ground of the existing pipeline. In this state, when the rotary cutter plate is rotationally driven and the skin plate as the excavator body is advanced, the existing pipeline is crushed by the existing pipeline crushing bit and the surrounding ground is excavated by the ground digging bit. .

At this time, if the cutter plate is rotated in a state where the front surface of the rotary cutter plate is pressed against the end face of the existing pipeline, the existing pipeline oscillates and it is difficult to efficiently crush it. Although it becomes crushed pieces and cannot be taken into the machine, since the hood member is inserted into the end of the existing pipeline and the existing pipeline is supported from the inner surface side, the existing pipeline may swing. Is crushed into small pieces by a crushing bit according to the excavation of the tunnel excavator, and is taken into the machine together with the excavated earth and sand and discharged backward. Furthermore, since the existing pipeline is crushed and the front ground is excavated on the front side of the rotating cutter plate, the space inside the machine can be used effectively without being affected by the existing pipeline, and the means for discharging excavated sediment and new pipes Road assembling means and various devices can be installed.

Further, since the hood member is inserted into the end of the existing pipeline and its outer peripheral surface is slidably contacted with and supported by the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline, the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline is guided. As a result, the hood member advances in the length direction of the existing pipeline, and the tunnel excavator excavates accurately in the length direction of the existing pipeline. The hood member, Oh intended to rotate from the front center portion to the cutter plate and integrally has protruded toward the front of the rotating cutter plate
You.

If a seal material is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hood member so as to be in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline, even if the excavated ground is soft ground, the end surface of the existing pipeline and the front surface of the rotary cutter plate may be used. It is possible to prevent earth and sand from entering the existing pipeline together with the groundwater through the gap therebetween, thereby preventing the occurrence of land subsidence. In this case, since the existing pipeline renewal tunnel excavator of the present invention airtightly partitions the inside of the machine by a partition provided in the front end of the skin plate, an airtight partition wall is provided in the rear portion of the existing pipeline. If compressed air is supplied into the rear part of the existing pipeline closed by this partition,
The pressure and pressure can surely prevent groundwater from entering the sediment intake room in the existing pipeline or between the cutter plate and the bulkhead.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of a concrete pipe A, such as a sewer pipe, on the front side of a concrete pipe; This shows an existing pipeline renewal tunnel excavator forming a renewal pipeline B on the rear side. The cutter plate 2 is rotatable at the front end opening of a cylindrical skin plate 1 having a larger diameter than the existing pipeline A. A partition 3 is fixed in the front end of the skin plate 1 which is appropriately spaced from the back of the cutter plate 2 and the cutter plate 2 side and the rear side of the skin plate 1 are hermetically sealed by the partition 3. Partitioning.

The cutter plate 2 has a cylindrical hood member 4 of an appropriate length which is inserted into the existing pipeline A at the center thereof and receives the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline A. The sealing member 5 is entirely fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the hood member 4 and the sealing member 5 is brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline A, so that earth and sand in the ground can be removed. This prevents the existing pipeline A from entering the existing pipeline A together with the groundwater and supports the existing pipeline A from the inside through the sealing material 5. The rear end of the hood member 4 is formed in a circular through hole 7 communicating with a sediment intake chamber 6 formed by a space between the back surface of the cutter plate 2 and the partition wall 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cutter plate 2 has a crushing bit 8 for crushing the existing pipeline A as an excavation bit on its annular plate surface, and a digging bit 8 for digging the outer ground of the existing pipeline A. Drilling bits 9 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction,
Further, on both sides of the crushing bit 8 and the digging bit 9, there are openings for taking in the crushed pieces of the existing pipeline A and the excavated earth and sand.
10 are drilled. In addition, depending on the material of the existing pipeline A and the geology of the outer peripheral ground, the bit disposed on the plate surface of the cutter plate 2 may be constituted by only one of the bit for crushing or the bit for excavation. It is also possible to crush and excavate both the existing pipeline and the outer ground.

The rotary drive mechanism of the cutter plate 2 has a drive motor 11 mounted on the partition wall 3 and a rotation shaft of the drive motor 11 protrudes into the earth and sand intake chamber 6 and is fixed to a tip of the rotation shaft. The pinion 12 has a structure in which the pinion 12 meshes with an internal gear 13 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end small diameter portion 2a of the cutter plate rotatably supported on the inner peripheral surface of the open end of the skin plate 1.

Further, there is provided earth and sand discharging means for discharging the excavated earth and sand in the earth and sand intake chamber 6 backward from the partition wall 3 stretched in the front end of the skin plate 1.
The earth and sand discharging means is composed of a screw conveyor 14 having an airtight inside. The front end opening of the screw conveyor 14 faces the inside of the earth and sand intake chamber 6 through the lower end of the partition wall 3 and from the front end thereof. It is disposed inside the aircraft in a state of being inclined obliquely upward toward the rear. Reference numeral 15 denotes a driving motor for rotating the screw shaft of the screw conveyor 14. Although not shown, the screw conveyor 14 has a discharge port (not shown) for discharging excavated earth and sand through an airtight chamber.

A plurality of propulsion jacks 16 are attached to the rear inner peripheral surface of the skin plate 1 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and the spreader 16a at the tip of the piston rod of the propulsion jack 16 is connected to the renewal pipeline B. To the front end face of
The skin plate 1, which is the body of the excavator, is propelled by applying a propulsion reaction force to the renewal pipeline B. Although not shown, an erector and other devices are arranged inside the rear end of the skin plate 1.

In order to form the renewed pipeline B while crushing the existing pipeline A by the tunnel excavator C for renewing the existing pipeline configured as described above, first, the renewed pipeline B is formed from the center of the cutter plate 2 forward. The projecting hood member 4 is inserted into the rear end of the existing pipeline A to be crushed so that the outer peripheral sealing material 5 is brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline A, and the front surface of the cutter plate 2 is moved to the existing pipeline. When the tunnel excavator C is propelled while rotating the cutter plate 2 in a state where the tunnel excavator C is abutted on the rear end surface of A and the surrounding ground, the crushing bit 8 provided on the cutter plate 2 The rear end of the opening is crushed and the surrounding ground is digged by the ground digging bit 9. These crushed pieces and excavated earth and sand are taken into the earth and sand intake chamber 6 through the opening 10 of the cutter plate 2.

At this time, the hood member 4 also rotates integrally with the cutter plate 2 so that the outer peripheral sealing material 5 slides on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the existing pipeline A while the circular inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline A is formed. As it moves upward, the existing pipeline A is prevented from vibrating up and down and left and right despite the circumferential crushing force of the crushing bit 8 supported by the hood member 4 and pressed against the rear end face of the opening. The existing pipeline A is crushed into small pieces according to the excavation of the tunnel excavator C and easily passes through the opening 10 provided in the cutter plate 2.

Existing pipeline A taken into sediment intake chamber 6
The crushed pieces and excavated earth and sand are further taken into the screw conveyor 14 and conveyed rearward, and are discharged rearward in the tunnel from the rear end of the screw conveyor 14 by carrying-out means such as an earth and sand truck or a belt conveyor. Even if the excavated ground is soft ground, the sealing material 5 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hood member 4 prevents earth and sand from entering the existing pipeline A together with the groundwater. Further, since the hood member 4 is concentrically inserted into the existing pipeline A, the hood member 4 accurately advances in the length direction of the existing pipeline A using the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline A as a guide. While the excavation direction of the tunnel excavator C is controlled in the length direction of the existing pipeline A, the cutter board 2 can reliably crush the existing pipeline A and excavate the ground in front.

When the tunnel excavator C excavates for a certain length while excavating the surrounding ground along with the crushing of the existing pipeline A, the propulsion jack 16 is retracted and the skin plate 1
By assembling the segments for one ring in the rear end portion, a renewal pipeline portion b having a constant length larger than the existing pipeline A is formed. Is received by the front end face of the renewed pipeline portion b and the propulsion jack 16 is extended to send out the existing pipeline A portion to the tunnel excavation wall surface t side to excavate the shield excavator C, as described above. The crushing bit 8 and the digging bit 9 projecting from the cutter plate 2 crush the rear end of the existing pipeline A and excavate the ground.
This work, that is, the crushing of the existing pipeline A, the excavation of the ground, and the formation of the renewal pipeline portion b are repeatedly performed so that the renewal pipeline B having a larger diameter than the Is formed.

The replacement of the existing pipeline crushing bit 8 and the ground excavation bit 9 mounted on the cutter plate 2 is performed by a worker passing through the hood member 4 from the existing pipeline A side.
From there, the machine enters the earth and sand intake chamber 6 and performs bit replacement work from the back side of the cutter plate 2.

When the ground in which the existing pipeline A is buried is soft ground with a lot of groundwater, the water pressure overcomes the sealing pressure of the sealing material 5 mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the hood member 4 and the existing pipeline A There is a danger that groundwater will enter the earth and sand together with the earth and sand, and groundwater will enter the earth and sand intake chamber 6 together with the earth and sand through the opening 10 for taking in crushed pieces and earth and sand provided on the plate surface of the cutter plate 2. The ground around the pipe A collapses or collapses, causing land subsidence. For this reason, when the front ground is excavated while crushing the existing pipeline A by the tunnel excavator C, infiltration of groundwater is prevented by the following method.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the existing pipeline A is provided in the rear end of the existing pipeline A at an appropriate distance from the hood member 4 projecting from the cutter plate 2 of the tunnel excavator C. A is provided with a partition wall D which hermetically partitions A, and a compressor 17 is installed in an existing pipeline A in front of the partition wall D to form a ventilation pipe.
By supplying compressed air to the space 19 in the existing pipeline A between the partition wall D and the partition wall 3 of the tunnel excavator C through 18, the space 19 is compressed, and the infiltration of groundwater is prevented by this pressure and pressure. Block. The compressor 17 may be installed on the back side of the partition wall 3 of the tunnel excavator C so as to supply the space portion 19 through the partition wall 3.

The compressed air supplied into the space 19 is prevented from leaking forward to the existing pipeline A by the partition wall D, and a hood member is provided to the tunnel excavator C side. The inside of the sediment intake chamber 6 is filled from the inside with the partition wall 3 and the screw conveyor 14 which is formed airtight.
, The pressure and pressure act on the sealing member 5 mounted on the outer periphery of the hood member 4 in the direction of preventing the inflow of groundwater, and the sediment intake chamber 6 From inside, the ground around the existing pipeline A is pressed through the crushed pieces provided on the cutter plate 2 and the opening 10 for taking in excavated earth and sand, and groundwater infiltrates into the existing pipeline A and the tunnel excavator C. Can be reliably prevented.

The tunnel excavator C is propelled as described above while the groundwater intrusion is suppressed, and the existing pipe A is crushed by the cutter plate 2 and the surrounding ground is excavated. The crushed fragments and excavated earth and sand are conveyed rearward by the screw conveyor 14 and the renewed pipeline portion b for one ring is assembled for every fixed length of excavation, and the rear end of the existing pipeline A is brought close to the partition wall D. When crushed, the partition wall D is moved forward to crush the existing pipeline A and form the renewal pipeline D again. The partition wall D is provided with a passage portion d that penetrates in the front-rear direction through which workers can enter and exit, and the passage portion d is provided with a door 20 that can be closed in an airtight state.

Next, when it is necessary to replace the updated pipeline crushing bit 8 or the ground excavation bit 9 mounted on the cutter plate 2 due to wear or loss, it is necessary to replace the partition as shown in FIG. A partition wall D ′ having the same structure as the partition wall D is disposed in the existing pipeline A near the front of the wall D,
As shown in FIG. 4, the door 20 of D 'is opened and the door 20 is closed in order to maintain the airtightness in the space after the worker enters the space between the partition walls D and D' as shown in FIG. The door 20 of the partition wall D on the rear side is opened to enter the sediment intake chamber 6 of the tunnel excavator C from the inside of the hood member 4 as shown in FIG. 8 and a bit 9 for excavating the ground. During this time, the inside of the space 19 in the existing pipeline A is maintained in a compressed state to prevent infiltration of groundwater. If the existing pipeline A is made of reinforced concrete, the concrete crushing bit 8 is replaced with a reinforced concrete crushing bit.

After the replacement of the bit, the operator moves the door 20 of the partition D
Is closed to prevent the air inside the space portion 19 from leaking out, from the front partition D 'to the outside through the existing pipeline A, the front partition D' is removed, and the rear partition D 'is removed. As described above, the existing pipeline A is crushed and the renewal pipeline B is formed again while the partition wall D is moved forward to maintain the inside of the space 19 in a compressed state.

In the above embodiment, the tunnel excavator C
The inside of the cylindrical hood member 4 protruding forward from the center of the cutter plate 2 is communicated with the inside of the earth and sand intake chamber 6 through the circular through hole 7, but as shown in FIG. The rear end may be closed by the face plate 2b of the cutter plate 2. Since other structures are the same as those of the tunnel excavator C, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

The face plate 2b of the cutter plate 2 is provided with an opening / closing door 21 which can be closed in an airtight manner. When replacing the bit, an operator is provided with an existing pipeline A which is held in an airtight manner by partition walls D and D '.
The opening / closing door 21 is opened through the space 19 in the inside to enter the earth and sand intake chamber 6 to perform a bit exchange operation. When the cutter plate 2 has a completely closed structure as described above, compressed air cannot be supplied from the inside of the machine to the space 19 in the existing pipeline A. Therefore, the compressed air cannot be supplied through the partition D in the same manner as described above. Supply. Further, since the sediment intake chamber 6 has a completely closed structure, the inside of the sediment intake chamber 6 is formed in an airtight manner. It is possible to prevent intrusion into the storage room 6.

Although the case where the existing pipeline A to be updated is a sewer pipe has been described, the present invention can be applied to the case where a gas pipe or a wiring pipe is updated. In addition, although the renewal pipeline B is formed by assembling segments behind the renewal tunnel excavator, an existing buried pipe may be propelled and buried by the propulsion method while excavating with the renewal tunnel excavator. Further, the door body 20 is used as partition walls D and D '.
An airbag that expands by supplying compressed air to the inside, presses against the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline A, and contracts by removing the compressed air is used. Alternatively, if a partition wall provided with doors at the front and rear open ends of the passage portion d is used, a worker enters and exits while keeping the space portion 19 airtight by a single partition wall. Can be.

[0032]

As described above, the present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for expanding and updating the diameter of an existing pipeline buried underground, wherein the front end of a cylindrical skin plate having a diameter larger than that of the existing pipeline is provided. At the opening, a rotating cutter plate provided with a bit for crushing the existing pipeline and excavating the outer ground of the existing pipeline is provided, and the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline is received at the center of the front surface of the rotating cutter plate. Since the cylindrical hood member that stops is projected, the hood member protruding forward from the rotary cutter plate side is inserted into the end of the existing pipeline to install the bit provided on the rotary cutter plate. It is possible to accurately press the end face of the pipeline and the outer peripheral ground of the existing pipeline, and in this state, the rotary cutter plate is driven to rotate and the skin plate as the excavator body is advanced to advance the existing pipeline. On the road Is capable going smoothly drilled crushed simultaneously with its surrounding ground of the mouth end.

Further, the hood member projecting forward from the rotary cutter plate side is inserted into the end of the existing pipeline to support the existing pipeline from the inner surface side. The run-out can be prevented, and therefore the existing pipeline can be crushed into small pieces by the existing pipeline crushing bit, and can be easily taken into the machine together with the excavated earth and sand. Excavation can be performed efficiently, and in addition, the existing pipeline is crushed and the front ground is excavated on the front side of the rotary cutter plate, so that the space inside the machine can be effectively used without being affected by the existing pipeline. It can be used, and means for discharging excavated earth and sand, means for assembling new pipelines, and installation of various devices are possible.

Further, since the hood member is inserted into the end of the existing pipeline and its outer peripheral surface is slidably contacted with and supported by the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline, the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline is guided. As a result, the tunnel excavator can be accurately excavated in the length direction of the existing pipeline while sliding the hood member in the length direction of the existing pipeline. Since the hood member is projected forward from the center of the front surface of the rotary cutter plate, the hood member can be concentrically and integrally rotated along the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipeline by rotation of the cutter plate. Yes, so that the tunnel excavator can always be drilled in the correct direction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator in a state where an existing pipeline is being updated,

FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutter plate,

FIG. 3 is a simplified vertical sectional side view of a state in which front and rear partition walls for maintaining a pneumatic state are provided in an existing pipeline;

FIG. 4 is a simplified longitudinal side view of a state where a worker enters a pressurized space,

FIG. 5 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing a state where an operator enters a tunnel excavator;

FIG. 6 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing another structure of the tunnel excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Skin plate 2 Cutter plate 3 Partition wall 4 Hood member 5 Seal material 6 Sediment intake room 8 Crushing bit 9 Drilling bit A Existing pipeline B Renewal pipeline

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 311 E21D 9/06 301 E21F 15/00 F16L 1/024

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tunnel excavator for expanding and renewing an existing pipeline buried in the ground, wherein the existing pipeline is crushed at a front end opening of a cylindrical skin plate having a larger diameter than the existing pipeline. A rotary hood plate provided with a bit for excavating the outer ground of the existing pipeline is provided, and a cylindrical hood member for receiving the inner circumferential surface of the existing pipeline is provided at the center of the front surface of the rotary cutter plate. A tunnel excavator for renewing an existing pipeline characterized by being protruded.