JP3219312B2 - Track construction machinery measuring equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical receiving device for receiving light waves emitted from a light source located at both sides of a measuring device and at a point remote from the measuring device, and a track construction machine comprising an evaluation device. It relates to a measuring device.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the construction of new track facilities or the restoration of existing track facilities, it is necessary to be able to accurately determine the course of the track and, in particular, to adapt or correct the course of the track to the requirements. In order to achieve this, a measuring device is required. Conventionally, such a measuring device comprises an optical measuring device which utilizes three mutually separated reference points on the path of the trajectory for the purpose of determining the course of the trajectory. In the case of a straight horizontal section, the above three points must be on a line, but in the case of a curve, for example, the three reference points must be offset from each other to some extent. This deviation is measured and evaluated. If necessary, the orbital layout must be corrected according to the evaluation.

[0003] A conventional optical measuring device has a motor-driven lens disk, which is arranged at an intermediate reference point with the light waves emitted by the lamps in the two outer reference points being appropriately arranged. Projected onto the sensor. In this case, the outer reference point 2 with respect to the optical axis of the measuring device
The relative position of the individual is well confirmed by time measurement,
Be evaluated.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to find a measuring device which does not require moving parts and therefore eliminates wear and the deterioration of the measuring accuracy caused by wear.

[0005]

According to the present invention, the object is to provide two lenses which are spaced apart on the same axis and, in each case, to provide a plurality of lenses between the two lenses. Arranging at least one sensor having a light-sensitive point in such a way that light rays entering through each lens are projected onto a corresponding zone of the sensor according to the angle of incidence on the lens, and collectively evaluating the signals produced by the sensors This can be achieved by providing an evaluation logic circuit.

Claims 2 to 12 describe preferred embodiments of the present invention.

The measuring device according to the invention has the advantage that, since there are no moving parts, a certain measuring accuracy is guaranteed throughout the life of the device. This is because there is no wear on the moving parts of the optical system, which reduces the accuracy of the measurement depending on the length of time the measuring device has been used.
Furthermore, the measuring device can be of a very simple construction, which is insensitive to shocks and rough transport conditions.

[0008]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention;

In the middle of the optical axis 3 formed by each of the two lenses 1 and 2 having a semicircular cross section, a sensor
Strips 4 and 5 are arranged. The sensor strips 4, 5 are arranged such that the light rays collected by the lenses 1, 2 are projected independently of the position of the corresponding light source and are focused along the sensor strip as fine lines of light. In this example, light source A, which is on optical axis 3, is projected onto point A ′ of sensor strip 5. The light source B, which deviates from the optical axis 3, is projected onto the point B 'of the sensor strip 5 according to the offset. The distance between the projection point A 'on the sensor strip 5 and the position of the optical axis of the projection point B' on the sensor strip 5 is a measure of the angle β of the light source with respect to the optical axis at that point. To filter out stray light,
According to the present invention, the coloring filter 6 and the polarizing filter 7,
8 is additionally arranged in front of the lens 2. Therefore,
It can be ensured that only light emitted from a particular light source falls on the sensor strip and that an unambiguous signal can be produced. In particular, when using a highly sensitive charge-coupled device (CCD) sensor,
The amount of light falling on the CCD sensor must be limited to a relatively small amount. By adjusting the polarization filters 7, 8 so that they rotate about 90 degrees with respect to each other, a very large part of the incident light is absorbed. If a very intense light source is used as now, only a small part of the light beam can reach the sensor and all other external light sources will be filtered out. One lens and sensor on one side of the optical axis
By arranging one strip, the angle of each of the one or more light sources on each side of the measuring device with respect to the optical axis can be determined and evaluated. In the embodiment shown, the optical axis is effectively a plane, and in order to completely measure the angle of the light source with respect to the two optical planes, for the purpose, the two measuring devices described above are used, It is necessary to arrange the optical planes of both measuring devices so that they are rotated at an angle to each other, preferably 90 degrees. However, only one measuring device is mounted in a case that rotates around the optical axis, and in each case, two angles are determined by two measured values separated in time, or in the form of a point. A method is conceivable in which a square sensor is used to measure both optical axes at the same time, through a concentrated light through a suitable optical system, for example a biconvex lens.

In one embodiment which is also conceivable, the measuring devices described above are duplicated, in each case two pairs of cylindrical lenses are rotated relative to one another, preferably by 90 °, and the light in the two optical planes is A pair of sensor strips is assigned for the purpose of measuring the angle of incidence, and the measuring devices so overlapped are arranged in a longitudinal optical axis at a specific angle, preferably 45 degrees, with respect to a plane, for example a horizontal plane. It is arranged to rotate around. In the case of this embodiment, the effect of distinguishing and detecting and evaluating a plurality of light sources on the same plane is achieved by the sensor strip.

[0011]

The nature of the evaluation will be described with reference to FIG. For clarity, FIG. 2 shows two sensors
The working surfaces of the strip are shown side by side. In FIG. 2, the sensor strip comprises, for example, 2000 individual cells which are photosensitive. All cells are connected to cell 0 by pulse generator logic.
To the cell 2000 are scanned in a cyclical manner for the state of the cell. In this arrangement, the first cell 0 is arranged in the sensor strips 4, 5 arranged one behind the other, at opposite ends of the sensor strips. As described above, a specific voltage value is created according to the intensity of light falling on each individual cell. In the example shown in FIG. 2a, the two light sources A, C are on the optical axis of the measuring device. In each case, the light rays collected by the optical system illuminate the cells 1000 on both sensor strips. this is,
In a cyclic scan of the state of the cells, cells 0 to 999 of both sensor strips 4, 5 and cell 1001
To 2000 do not create a voltage in each case,
The cells 1000 mean that each produces a specific voltage value. The scanning cycles of the two sensor strips are now synchronized and have a counting module at the same time. The counting module starts the counting process at the first positive signal of the cells of one sensor strip according to the scanning cycle and interrupts the counting process at the second arrival of the signals of the cells of the other sensor strip. The direction of counting, ie the sign of the counting device, is determined by the respective sensor strip. For example, if a signal from the sensor strip 4 causes the counter to count forward, a signal from the sensor strip 5 causes the counter to count backward. The counting device is configured to suppress the signal when the signals from both sensor strips arrive at the same time. Thus, the reading of the counter after a complete scan cycle corresponds to the difference angle between the two relative angles of the light sources A, C of the optical axis, and the sign is on the side of the relevant angle, ie upwards. Determine if it is down. Prior to the start of a scan cycle, the counter reading is always set to zero. Depending on the number and spacing of the cells on the sensor strip and the design of the lens, the direct relationship between the reading of the counter and the relative angle is determined in degrees (°) and with the aid of appropriate means Or can be processed in another evaluation logic circuit. The advantage of the direct measurement of the relative angle is that the offset is compensated by the direct measurement, especially if there is an offset in the optical axis. Two light sources
In fact, when on the optical axis passing through the optical center of the measuring device, the difference angle is given exactly as 0 (zero).

If the light source is an arrangement for a measuring device according to FIG. 2b, after 500 pulses of each scanning cycle,
The counting device starts a running count on the signal from the sensor strip 5. After another 500 pulses, at pulse 1000, the counting process is stopped by a signal from sensor strip 4. Thus, the count on the counter reaches 500 units, which is the number of degrees (°) in the forward direction between the point of connection of the light source C to the measuring device and the point of connection of the light source A to the measuring device. Corresponding to a particular angle value of This value is ultimately used to check the measurement points and, if necessary, to correct the straightness of the trajectory.

[0013] Instead of a CCD sensor, other sensors such as, for example, a position sensitive device (PSD) sensor can be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an arrangement of a measuring optical system with a sensor strip according to the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor strip with different light source locations.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 2 lens 3 optical axis 4, 5 sensor strip 6 coloring filter 7, 8 polarizing filter A, B, C light source A ', B' light source projection point β light source angle

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2001-114104 (JP, A) JP-A-58-120107 (JP, A) JP-A-5-670 (JP, A) JP-A-5-213198 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01B 11/00-11/30

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. An optical receiving device for receiving a light wave emitted by a light source placed on both sides of a measuring device and at a point away from the measuring device, and an evaluating device, wherein two lenses are arranged on the same axis and separated from each other. And there is at least one sensor having a plurality of light-sensitive points between the two lenses, wherein the sensor is configured such that in each case a ray entering through each lens is A measuring device for a track construction machine characterized by being arranged so as to be projected onto a corresponding zone of the sensor according to an incident angle, and having an evaluation logic circuit for collecting and evaluating signals generated by the sensor. 2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a colored glass filter is placed in front of each lens. 3. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein two polarizing filters are placed in front of each lens. 4. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is a charge-coupled device (CCD) sensor having 1000 or more photosensitive cells. 5. The measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the CCD sensor is a sensor having a plurality of rows of photosensitive cells and appropriately colored. 6. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is a position detecting device (PSD) sensor having a continuous signal transmitting device. 7. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is multidimensional. 8. The lens provided is a cylindrical lens,
The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device has a semicircular cross section and projects an incident light beam linearly. 9. A second similar measuring device is provided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring device, wherein the second measuring device has an angle of about 90 degrees with respect to the first measuring device. 9. The measuring device according to claim 8, wherein the measuring device is arranged to rotate around a longitudinal axis. 10. The measuring device is arranged to rotate around a longitudinal axis at an angle of up to 45 degrees with respect to a reference plane determined by the position of the light source. The measuring device as described. 11. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when a surface sensor is used, the prepared lens is a circular biconvex lens. 12. The measurement according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation device provided comprises a pulse generator logic for operating the sensor and a counting logic for evaluating the signal received from the sensor. apparatus.