JP3218215U - Medical / nursing cushion - Google Patents

Abstract

A cushion for treating and / or preventing contractures, particularly arm contractures, and a pressure ulcer prevention cushion. A cushion main body 21 that can be held by one arm, and a belt 31 including a length adjusting mechanism 32 for fixing the cushion main body 21 to a bed are provided. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to cushions for medical and nursing care, in particular for treating and / or preventing contractures and for preventing pressure ulcers.

  If you are bedridden or do not move your body for a long time, the tissue of the joint capsule, such as muscle and subcutaneous tissue, loses its elasticity and the range of motion of the joint becomes narrow, that is, contracture occurs. The contracture does not mean that the joint cannot move spontaneously, but the joint does not move due to external force, and it can even cause a fracture if force is applied. Reduce significantly. Although contractures are often treatable, it is known that treatment is extremely difficult if it becomes worse and tough. Thus, prevention and treatment of contracture is one of the important physical therapy issues.

Periodic massage, hyperthermia, electrotherapy, etc. are usually performed as a method for preventing and treating such contractures. In the first place, a preventive method that does not cause contracture is desired. In addition, the treatment of contracture that is often adopted is exercise therapy, that is, treatment of contracture by moving the joint that caused the contraction little by little. This imposes a heavy burden on the practitioner and patient to keep applying force to the joints within a reasonable range.

As a method for preventing contracture, it is known that a cushion allows the patient to take a comfortable position (Non-Patent Document 1), but the cushion easily shifts and the position must be adjusted frequently. Cannot effectively prevent contracture. Furthermore, contractures occur in various joint parts such as shoulders, elbows, wrists, knees, and ankles, but what position prevents patient contractures varies depending on the physique, symptoms, site, etc. It is difficult to find a cushion that allows for proper posture. Setting such relative positional relationships between the various parts of the body and maintaining a posture (body position) suitable for the purpose safe and comfortable is called positioning, which is extremely important for prevention and treatment of contracture. Suitable positioning not only allows the patient to take a comfortable position, but can also maintain a stable position, relieve muscle tension, disperse body pressure, not disturb movement, etc. It is determined from various viewpoints.
Further, when contracture is prevented by using a cushion, since the patient uses the cushion for a long time, a hygiene problem occurs as in the case of bed sheets and the like. When the cushion adheres to sweat, germs are likely to propagate, causing problems such as infection and inflammation of the patient's skin. That is, it is desirable that the cushion can be washed by machine or hand washing.

  In patients who already have contractures, physical activity is limited, and pressure ulcers, so-called bedsore problems, also occur. Pressure ulcers are understood as necrosis of surrounding tissue mainly caused by prolonged compression of the same part of the skin, and it is common to prevent it by repeatedly changing positions. Pressure ulcers are typically known to occur on the back, hips, arms, etc. that have been in prolonged contact with the bed, but not only that, especially in patients with weak skin, contact surfaces of the patient's skin, such as heels It is known to occur even in the crotch. However, changing the position of a patient is well known as one of the extremely burdensome care tasks that require force. In particular, in the case of a patient with contracture, it is necessary to pay close attention so that the changed position does not place a burden on the patient's joint. Therefore, it is desired as a method for preventing pressure ulcers to increase the area where the patient's weight can be deposited and to disperse the area to be pressed and to reduce the contact surface between the skins.

MOGU Care Use Proposal Catalog 2017 Vol.4, pages 52-59

  The present invention provides a cushion for treating and / or preventing contractures, particularly arm contractures, and preventing pressure ulcers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cushion for treating and / or preventing arm contracture and preventing pressure ulcer, and a cushion body that can be held by one arm, and fixing the cushion body to a bed A cushion is provided, characterized in that it comprises a belt for carrying out.

  In order to treat and / or prevent contracture, it is necessary to provide a cushion having an appropriate shape to allow the patient to take a comfortable position and to devise an appropriate positioning for the patient. In addition, pressure ulcers occur not only at the contact surface between the subject and the bed, but also at the contact surface between the skin in the subject's body, so reducing the contact surface of the subject's skin is important in preventing pressure ulcers. Needed. Furthermore, it is desirable for the cushion to be washable so as to maintain hygiene.

  In order to treat and / or prevent contracture of the arm, that is, the shoulder and / or elbow joint, in the supine state, the inventor of the present application is in the position of holding the object in the arm, that is, the object in the torso and upper arm. And found that it is desirable to hold the object in the forearm and hand. In this position, an object is sandwiched between the torso and the upper arm, creating a space under the armpit, the upper arm naturally leaves the body, and the shoulder joint moves. Furthermore, the elbow can be bent by being placed in a position where the forearm holds the object. Furthermore, the inventor of the present application has found that pressure ulcers can be prevented by preventing the skin of the upper arm part and the heel and torso side surfaces from contacting with the space under the armpit. Further, when the object has elasticity, for example, in the case of a cushion, the operation of the joint is performed within a reasonable range, so that it is safe for the patient.

  Furthermore, the inventor of the present application can maintain the optimal positioning for the patient by applying a tension that pulls the object held by the patient's arm to the outside of the body, and can fix the position of the cushion. We found out what we could do and conceived of providing a belt for fixing the cushion of the present invention to the bed.

  Therefore, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a cushion for treating and / or preventing arm contracture and preventing pressure ulcer, and a cushion body that can be held by one arm, and the cushion body as a bed. A cushion is provided, characterized in that it comprises a belt for fixing to a cushion.

  In the present invention, contracture is intended for contraction of the arm, ie shoulder and / or elbow. The cause of contracture is generally known to be aging, cerebrovascular disease, lack of activity, etc., but it does not matter which of these.

  In the present invention, the term treatment of contracture is understood as an improvement in the range of motion in a joint that already has or has a sign of contracture.

  In the present invention, the term prevention of contracture is used to delay or stop the progression of contracture in patients who already have contracture, as well as to prevent patients who do not have contracture from developing contracture. And preventing aggravation of contractures, such as the development of tonicity.

  In the cushion of the present invention, the cushion main body has a shape that can be held by one arm, that is, a shape that can be sandwiched between the torso and upper arm, and can hold the cushion main body by the upper arm, forearm, and hand. Have Although not limited, the shape of the cushion body is, for example, a substantially columnar shape, and has a diameter or a piece length of 7 to 16 cm, preferably 9 to 15 cm, such as 11 to 13 cm, and a length of 20 to 90 cm, preferably 40 to 80 cm, for example 50 to 70 cm. The substantially columnar shape may be any of a cylinder, an elliptical column, and a polygonal column, and it is not necessary that both ends are smooth. The length and diameter should be appropriately selected according to the physique of the patient. For example, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a small size is preferable for children and a relatively large size is preferable for adult men. Understandable. Generally, if the diameter is small, a sufficient space cannot be secured under the armpit, but if it is too large, the body and the upper arm cannot be sandwiched well. Also, if the length is too short, the forearm and hand cannot be put on and the cushion will be easily removed from the patient. Hinder. Furthermore, the cushion main body may have a recess for extending along the arm or the trunk.

  In the cushion of the present invention, the contents of the cushion body may be any commonly used material such as cotton, feathers, polyester, polyethylene, and urethane. Preferably, the cushion body has washable contents, such as cotton, polyester, urethane, etc., in order to maintain hygiene. In order to easily maintain a sanitary condition, the cushion body can be covered with a cushion cover.

  In the cushion of the present invention, it is sufficient that the belt has a length suitable for fixing the cushion body to the bed, but in order to give the patient proper positioning by pulling the cushion body to the outside of the body, It is preferable that adjustment is possible. The length adjustment can be achieved by, for example, making the belt itself a stretchable material, or providing a length adjustment mechanism that can fold back a part of the belt, so that a plurality of belt holes can be inserted into the belt holes. It is also possible to provide a fixing tool, but the present invention is not limited to these. Since the tension strength of a suitable cushion varies depending on the patient's symptoms, it is more preferable to provide a length adjusting mechanism that can fold a part of the belt and that can adjust tension more freely.

  In the cushion of the present invention, the cushion body and the belt may be fixed, but the belt may be in the way when washing the cushion, so the cushion body and the belt may be separable. preferable. For example, a belt insertion portion may be provided in the cushion body so that the belt is inserted into the cushion body when in use, but the belt can be removed from the cushion body when not in use. Such a belt insertion part may be provided in a cylindrical shape over the longitudinal direction of the cushion body, or may be provided in a ring shape at both ends of the cushion body. Further, the belt may include a pair of buckles in which an insertion portion provided in the male member is inserted into and engaged with the insertion port of the female member.

  The bed when the cushion of the present invention is fixed to the bed is not only a bed as a bedding, but also all devices and accessories attached to the patient's body, such as a functional bed such as a care bed, a chair, a wheelchair, and a medical table And instruments such as treatment tables and their accessories, such as bed rails and handrails. As a typical example, a belt is hung on the bed fence to fix the cushion body to the bed, and the length of the belt is adjusted as necessary to bring the cushion body into close contact with the patient's arm and to the bed fence direction from the patient. Can be applied to the cushion body to provide optimal positioning of the patient's arm.

  Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention is a cushion for treating and / or preventing arm contracture and for preventing pressure ulcer, wherein the cushion body can be held by one arm, and the cushion body is fixed to a bed. A cushion is provided, characterized in that it comprises an adjustable length belt.

  In a further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a cushion for treating and / or preventing arm contracture and preventing pressure ulcer, and a substantially columnar cushion body that can be held by one arm, and the cushion body on a bed. A cushion is provided, characterized in that it comprises an adjustable length belt for fixing.

  In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a cushion for treating and / or preventing arm contracture and for preventing pressure ulcer, and a substantially columnar cushion body that can be held by one arm, and the cushion body on a bed. A cushion is provided, comprising a belt with an adjustable length for fixing, wherein the cushion body and the belt are separably provided.

  The cushion of the present invention can give the patient an optimal positioning of the arm portion for contracture treatment by pulling the cushion with a belt while taking a comfortable position for the patient having the arm portion contracture. By giving optimal positioning with the tension of the belt, there is no burden of treatment, and the use of a cushion has enabled safe positioning without applying excessive force to the joint. Furthermore, since space can be provided in the upper arm part and the lower part of the heel, it can also prevent acne.

  Patients with advanced contractures tend to cross their arms tightly in front of the chest and often block the tracheostomy hole or tube with both arms. It is possible to reduce the risk.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  The cushion (1) of the embodiment mainly includes a cushion body (21) and a belt (31). The cushion body (21) has a substantially elliptic cylinder shape with a major axis of 13 cm, a minor axis of 11 cm, and a length of 60 cm. A pair of insertion portions (22, 23) for inserting the belt (31) are fixed to both ends of the cushion body (21). The starting end of the belt (31) is fastened to the length adjusting mechanism (32). The belt (31) is directed to the male member (33), pivoted to the male member (33), folded, inserted through the length adjusting mechanism (32), and inserted through the insertion portions (22, 23). The terminal end of the belt (31) is fastened to the female member (34). The belt (31) becomes a ring by inserting and inserting the insertion portion of the male member (33) into the insertion opening of the female member (34). When the engagement is released, the belt (31) can be pulled out from the insertion portions (22, 23), and therefore the cushion body (21) and the belt (31) can be separated.

  The cushion (1) of the embodiment can be held with one arm when the subject is in the supine position. That is, the cushion body (21) can be sandwiched between the torso and the upper arm, the cushion body (21) can slightly ride on the shoulder, and the forearm can be placed on the cushion body (21). In this way, the cushion body (21) is held with one arm, the insertion part of the male member (33) is inserted into the insertion port of the female member (34) and engaged, and the belt (31) is used as a ring to the bed fence or the like. Fix the belt (31). Further, by operating the length adjusting mechanism (32), the length of the belt (31) is appropriately adjusted so that the cushion (1) of the embodiment is in close contact with the target and a gentle tension is applied to be optimal for the target arm. Give the right positioning. By placing the belt (31) outside the body, the load on the subject is moderated via the cushion.

The cushion of an Example is shown.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Cushion main body 22 Insertion part 23 Insertion part 31 Belt 32 Length adjustment mechanism 33 Male member 34 Female member

Claims (8)

A cushion for treatment and / or prevention of arm contracture and pressure ulcer prevention, comprising a cushion body that can be held by one arm, and a belt for fixing the cushion body to a bed ,cushion. The cushion according to claim 1, wherein the belt is adjustable in length. The cushion according to claim 2, wherein the belt includes a length adjusting mechanism. The cushion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cushion body and the belt are separable. The cushion according to claim 1, wherein the cushion body includes an insertion portion for inserting the belt. The cushion according to claim 1, wherein the belt includes a pair of buckles.   The cushion according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cushion body has a substantially columnar shape. The cushion is a cushion for treating and / or preventing arm contracture in a supine patient, and a pressure ulcer prevention cushion, wherein the belt provides tension for pulling the cushion body to the outside of the body. The cushion according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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