JP3217912B2 - Starter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a starter, and more particularly to a starter suitable for starting an engine of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in a starter, when a coil of a magnetic switch is energized, a plunger is attracted and a shift lever connected to the plunger by a tension spring pushes out a pinion shaft. This is the structure that starts up. With respect to the structure of a tension spring of a magnetic switch in this starter, there are the following known techniques. In this known technique, a torsion spring is used as a tension spring, and the tension torsion spring is disposed between a plunger and a shift lever.

[0003] In this known technique, a coil spring is used as a tension spring, and the tension coil spring is disposed in a hollow portion inside a plunger.

[0004] In this known technique, a coil spring is used as a tension spring and disposed between a plunger outside a plunger and a shift lever, and a predetermined time after energizing a magnetic switch using a timer means. By meshing the pinion and the ring gear after the delay, smooth meshing is performed after the load fluctuation of the tension coil spring converges.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned known technology has the following problems. In the prior art, the torsion spring requires a certain size in structure, and takes up a corresponding amount of space, which hinders downsizing of the magnetic switch.

In the prior art, since the inside of the plunger is hollow, the magnetic cross-sectional area is reduced, the resistance of the magnetic circuit is increased, and in order to secure the magnetomotive force, the number of turns of the magnetic switch coil must be increased. Instead, the size of the magnetic switch increases.

Further, in the prior art, the pinion and the ring gear are engaged with each other after the convergence of the change in the load of the tension spring, so that a separate timer means and a switch circuit for the electric motor are required, which complicates the structure.

An object of the present invention is to provide a starter capable of reducing the size and weight of a magnetic switch with a simple structure while ensuring smooth engagement between a pinion and a ring gear by strengthening a pressing force.

To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a starter motor which rotates when energized from a power supply,
A pinion to which rotation of the starter motor is transmitted, a shift lever for moving the pinion toward a ring gear of an engine, a magnetic switch including a coil for inducing electromagnetic force and a plunger slidable in an axial direction; A tension spring for connecting the plunger and the shift lever; and energizing the coil, the plunger is attracted, the pinion is pushed out by the shift lever, and the pinion bites into the ring gear. the starter for starting the engine, the tension coil spring Tsu pull provided axially outwardly of the coupling rod which is provided at the distal end of the plunger, the tension Koiruba
One end of the screw is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end is the shift lever.
A starter is provided, wherein the starter is coupled to a head of a bar, and wherein the plunger and the shift lever are coupled with a preload applied to the tension coil spring.

[0010] Preferably, in the starter, the head of the shift lever disposed in a square hole provided in said connecting rod, the wall of the square hole and the head portion of the shift lever is in close contact Accordingly, a starter is provided in which the pinion is pressed toward the ring gear.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
Is a starter motor that rotates when energized from a power supply,
A pinion to which the rotation of the starter motor is transmitted;
Move the pinion toward the ring gear of the engine
Slide the shift lever and the coil that induces the electromagnetic force in the axial direction.
Magnetic switch with movable plunger
And a pull connecting the plunger and the shift lever.
By having a tension spring and energizing the coil,
The plunger is sucked and the shift lever is used to
The pinion is pushed out, and the pinion meshes with the ring gear.
The starter that starts the engine by
The plunger is axially outside the plunger and in front of the plunger.
Provide a tension coil spring between the shift lever and
With the pre-load applied to the tension coil spring
Jaw and the shift lever are coupled, the magnetic switch is a movable contact that works with the plunger,
A fixed contact that is in contact with the movable contact and energizes the starter motor from the power supply; and a coupling portion is provided at an end of the plunger and the shift lever is
Arranged a part in a hole provided in the connecting portion, the fixed and the pinion and the ring gear and said movable contact the magnitude of the axial gap between the shift lever and the hole of the rear abutment There is provided a starter characterized by having an axial distance to a contact or less .

[0012] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a starter motor which rotates when energized from a power supply,
A pinion to which the rotation of the starter motor is transmitted;
Move the pinion toward the ring gear of the engine
Slide the shift lever and the coil that induces the electromagnetic force in the axial direction.
Magnetic switch with movable plunger
And a pull connecting the plunger and the shift lever.
By having a tension spring and energizing the coil,
The plunger is sucked and the shift lever is used to
The pinion is pushed out, and the pinion meshes with the ring gear.
The starter that starts the engine by
The plunger is axially outside the plunger and in front of the plunger.
Provide a tension coil spring between the shift lever and
With the pre-load applied to the tension coil spring
Jaw and the shift lever are coupled, the magnetic switch is a movable contact that works with the plunger,
A fixed contact that is in contact with the movable contact and energizes the starter motor from the power supply; and a coupling portion is provided at an end of the plunger and the shift lever is
Arranged a part in a hole provided in the connecting portion, the fixed and the pinion and the ring gear and said movable contact the magnitude of the axial gap between the shift lever and the hole of the rear abutment There is provided a starter characterized by having an axial distance to a contact or more .

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a starter motor that rotates when energized from a power supply,
A pinion to which the rotation of the starter motor is transmitted;
Move the pinion toward the ring gear of the engine
Slide the shift lever and the coil that induces the electromagnetic force in the axial direction.
Magnetic switch with movable plunger
And a pull connecting the plunger and the shift lever.
By having a tension spring and energizing the coil,
The plunger is sucked and the shift lever is used to
The pinion is pushed out, and the pinion meshes with the ring gear.
The starter that starts the engine by
The plunger is axially outside the plunger and in front of the plunger.
Provide a tension coil spring between the shift lever and
With the pre-load applied to the tension coil spring
A compression coil spring is provided in a state where a preload is applied between one end of the plunger and the boss, and the compression coil spring presses the plunger to connect the other end of the plunger with a gear cable. The starter is characterized in that the plunger is supported in the axial direction by contacting the plunger.

[0014]

In the present invention constructed as described above, by providing a tension coil spring outside the connecting rod provided at the tip of the plunger in the axial direction, the magnetic cross-sectional area is reduced by the cavity provided inside the plunger, and the magnetomotive force is reduced. It is possible to avoid the decrease, and it is possible to reduce the number of coil turns of the magnetic switch. One end of the tension coil spring
And the other end to the shift lever head.
Thus, by providing the tension coil spring between the plunger and the shift lever, the shape of the plunger / shift lever can be simplified and the structure of the magnetic switch can be simplified. Further, by coupling the plunger and the shift lever in a state where a preload is applied to the tension coil spring, fluctuation of the spring load is suppressed at the time of plunger suction, and the force for pressing the pinion is increased, so that when the pinion interferes with the ring gear, Smooth engagement between the pinion and the ring gear can be ensured.

When the pinion and the ring gear interfere with each other, the plunger is sucked until the wall surface of the square hole of the connecting rod and the head of the shift lever are brought into close contact with each other, and the tension coil spring is extended. The pressing force can be further increased. Furthermore, the size of the axial gap between the hole and the shift lever after the pinion and the ring gear contact each other should be smaller than the axial distance between the movable contact and the fixed contact.
By a the may be applied to the starter of the type to be engaged to release the interference and by gently rotating the pre-starter motor with a small current by the secondary circuit pinion and the ring gear before the large current flows through the starter motor . Also, by setting the axial gap between the hole after the contact between the pinion and the ring gear and the shift lever to be greater than the axial distance between the movable contact and the fixed contact, a large current flows through the starter motor and rotation starts. The present invention can be applied to a starter of a system in which interference between a pinion and a ring gear is canceled and meshed. Furthermore, by the compression coil spring preloaded to push the plunger is provided between one end portion and the boss of the plunger, the other end portion of the plunger is brought into contact with the Giyake scan supports the plunger in the axial direction, the shift lever And the initial position of the pinion shaft pressed by the shift lever.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows the entire structure of the starter of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a partially detailed structure thereof. FIG. 3 is an enlarged top view of the portion A in FIG. 1 to 3, a starter 50 of the present embodiment includes a coil 17 for inducing an electromagnetic force,
A plunger 2 slidably supported in the axial direction, a movable contact 12 slidably supported in the axial direction, and a movable contact 12
B terminal 1 that contacts the motor and supplies power to the motor 16 from the power supply
3a and the M terminal 13b, and are disposed between the rear end 2c of the plunger 2 and the boss 6, and move the plunger 2 forward (to the right in the figure).
And a magnetic switch 1 having a compression coil spring 5 for pressing the magnetic switch 1. The starter 50 also includes a motor 16 that rotates when energized from a power supply, a pinion shaft 8 that can slide back and forth, a pinion 9 attached to the tip of the pinion shaft 8, and a spline connection with the pinion shaft 8 to rotate the motor 16. And a shift lever 3 for moving the pinion shaft 8 toward the ring gear 11 of the engine.
A tension coil spring 4 is provided between the plunger 2 and the shift lever 3 on the outside in the axial direction of the plunger 2 and connects them.

A connecting rod 2a having a square hole 2b is provided at the tip of the plunger 2, and the head of the shift lever 3 is passed through the square hole 2b with an axial gap L1. The movable contact 12 and the B terminal 13a and the M terminal 13b face each other with a distance L2 in the axial direction. The compression coil spring 5 is provided between the rear end 2c of the plunger 2 and the boss 6 in a state where the compression coil spring 5 is compressed from its natural length and pre-loaded, so that the plunger 2 is pressed and the tip of the connecting rod 2a is It is fixed in contact with the end face. The tension coil spring 4 has one end 4 a of the spring seat portion coupled to the connecting rod 2 a and the other end 4 b coupled to the shift lever 3. At this time, the coil spring 4 is stretched more than its natural length and is coupled in a state where a preload is applied in advance, whereby the rear end 3a of the head of the shift lever 3 is pressed against the rear wall (left side in the figure) of the square hole 2b. Fixed. The central portion of the shift lever 3 is pressed against the wall of the central portion of the gear case 7 by the eater 14 and the dust bar 15.

In the above configuration, the driver sets the key to 0N.
Then, the coil 17 of the magnetic switch 1 is energized, the plunger 2 is sucked, and the tension coil spring 4
The head of the shift lever 3 is retracted rearward (to the left in the drawing) via Since the central portion of the shift lever 3 is pressed by the eater 14 and the dust bar 15, the shift lever 3 makes a lever movement about this point to push the pinion shaft 8 forward (to the right in the drawing). As the pinion shaft 8 advances, the pinion 9 becomes the ring gear 1 of the engine.
Bite into 1. And plunger 2 even after biting
Is sucked. At this time, on the other hand, the movable contact 12 is pushed rearward (to the left in the drawing) by the sucked plunger 2, and the movable contact 12 contacts the B terminal 13 a and the M terminal 13 b to close the contact circuit. An electric current flows and the motor 16 rotates to start the engine.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
In the starter 50 of the present embodiment described above, by providing the tension coil spring 4 outside the plunger 2 in the axial direction, the magnetic cross-sectional area is reduced by the cavity compared to the case where the cavity is provided inside the conventional plunger and the coil spring is provided in the cavity. It is possible to avoid a decrease in magnetomotive force due to a small size, whereby the number of turns of the coil 17 of the magnetic switch 1 can be reduced by about 20 to 30% as compared with the conventional case. Further, by providing the tension coil spring 4 between the plunger 2 and the shift lever 3, the shapes of the plunger 2 and the shift lever 3 can be simplified, and the structure of the magnetic switch 1 can be simplified. Further, by coupling the plunger 2 and the shift lever 3 in a state where the tension coil spring 4 is preloaded, the fluctuation of the spring load during the attraction of the plunger 2 is suppressed, and the force pressing the pinion 9 is increased. When the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 interfere with each other, smooth engagement between the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 can be ensured.
When the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 interfere with each other, the plunger 2 is sucked until the front wall (right side in the figure) of the square hole 2b of the connecting rod 2a and the front end 3b of the head of the shift lever 3 are in close contact. When the tension coil spring 4 is extended, the spring force can further increase the force pressing the pinion 9. Further, an axial gap L1 between the head front end 3b of the shift lever 3 and the square hole 2b after the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 abut, a movable contact 12 and a B terminal 13
By adjusting the magnitude relationship between a and the axial distance L3 to the M terminal 13b so that L1 ≦ L3, the interference between the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 can be canceled before a large current flows through the motor 16. This state is shown in FIG. By setting in this way, it is possible to apply the present invention to a starter (for example, a large-capacity large starter) in which the motor is gently rotated in advance by a small current from the sub-circuit to cancel the interference between the pinion and the ring gear and engage with each other. it can. in this case,
First, the pinion 9 comes into contact with the ring gear 11 and interferes with it. Thereafter, the motor 16 is gently rotated by the sub-circuit, and the small torque cancels the interference between the gear end faces of the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 so that these two gears are released. The two are reliably engaged, and a large current flows to the motor 16 after the engagement. On the other hand, if L1 ≧ L3, the motor 16
After a large current is passed through the pinion 9, the interference between the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 can be released. This is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. At this time, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, a shaft spring 20 is interposed between a movable contact shaft 18 pushed backward (leftward in the figure) by the plunger 2 and a bush 19 fixed to the movable contact 12, so that the movable contact shaft 18 is moved. By adopting a structure in which the movable contact 12 is pressed while expanding and contracting, even after L3 = 0 and the movable contact 12 comes into contact with the B terminal 13a and the M terminal 13b, the movable contact shaft 18 and the plunger 2 are further rearward (in the figure). (Leftward), L1 finally becomes 0, and the above-mentioned function of maintaining a strong and stable pressing force due to the close contact between the front wall surface of the square hole 2b and the front end 3b of the head of the shift lever 3 Can be secured. Therefore, by setting L1 ≧ L3 in this manner, the present invention is applied to a starter (for example, a small-capacity small starter) in which a large current is supplied to the motor to cancel the interference between the pinion and the ring gear while starting to rotate and engage with the ring gear. can do. In this case, after the pinion 9 comes into contact with the ring gear 11, the motor 16 starts rotating by a large current, interference between the gear end faces is avoided, and the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 are reliably meshed. Further, a pre-loaded compression coil spring 5 is provided between the rear end 2c of the plunger 2 and the boss 6 to press the plunger 2 so that the tip of the plunger 2 comes into contact with the end face of the gear case 7 to move the plunger 2 in the axial direction. By fixing, the shift lever 3 and the initial position of the pinion shaft 8 pressed by the shift lever 3 can be defined.

As described above, according to the starter 50 of the present embodiment, since the tension coil spring 4 is provided on the outside of the plunger 2 in the axial direction, a decrease in magnetomotive force can be avoided, and the size and weight of the magnetic switch 1 can be reduced. Can be achieved. Further, since the tension coil spring 4 is provided between the plunger 2 and the shift lever 3, the structure of the magnetic switch 1 can be simplified. Also plunger 2
And the tension coil spring 4 and the shift lever 3 can be assembled side by side in the axial direction, so that the assemblability is improved. Furthermore, since the plunger 2 and the shift lever 3 are coupled with each other in a state where the tension coil spring 4 is preloaded, the fluctuation of the spring load during the attraction of the plunger 2 is suppressed, and the force pressing the pinion 9 is increased. 9 and the ring gear 11 can be smoothly engaged. Further, when the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 interfere with each other, the plunger 2 is sucked until the front wall surface of the square hole 2b of the connecting rod 2a and the head front end 3b of the shift lever 3 are in close contact, and the tension coil spring 4 is extended. This spring force can further increase the force pressing the pinion 9. Further, an axial gap L1 between the head front end 3b of the shift lever 3 and the square hole 2b after the pinion 9 and the ring gear 11 abut, and an axial distance L between the movable contact 12 and the B terminal 13a and the M terminal 13b.
If L1 ≤ L3 by adjusting the magnitude relationship with 3, a small current by the sub-circuit is used to slowly rotate the motor in advance to cancel the interference between the pinion and the ring gear and engage with it. When L1 ≧ L3, a large current is applied to the motor to start rotation, and the interference between the pinion and the ring gear is released and meshed with each other (for example, a small-capacity small starter). ). Further, a compression coil spring 5 to which a preload is applied is provided between the rear end 2c of the plunger 2 and the boss 6, and the plunger 2 is pressed.
The plunger 2 is fixed in the axial direction by contacting the end of the gear case 7 with the end face of the gear case 7, so that the shift lever 3 and the initial position of the pinion shaft 8 pressed by the shift lever 3 can be defined.

[0021]

According to the present invention, at the tip of the plunger ,
Since the tension coil spring is provided on the outer side in the axial direction of the connecting rod, it is possible to prevent the magnetic cross-sectional area from being reduced due to the cavity provided inside the plunger and to reduce the magnetomotive force, and to reduce the number of coil turns of the magnetic switch. Therefore, the size and weight of the magnetic switch can be reduced. Further, since the tension coil spring is provided between the plunger and the shift lever, the shape of the plunger / shift lever can be simplified, and the structure of the magnetic switch can be simplified. Further, the plunger, the tension coil spring and the shift lever can be assembled side by side in the axial direction, so that the assemblability is improved. Furthermore, since the plunger and the shift lever are coupled with a preload applied to the tension coil spring, fluctuations in the spring load during suction of the plunger are suppressed, and the force pressing the pinion is increased. And the ring gear can be smoothly meshed.

When the pinion and the ring gear interfere with each other, the plunger is sucked until the wall surface of the square hole of the connecting rod and the head of the shift lever are brought into close contact with each other, and the tension coil spring is extended. The pressing force can be further increased. Furthermore, since the size of the axial gap between the hole and the shift lever after the contact between the pinion and the ring gear is smaller than the axial distance between the movable contact and the fixed contact, a large current flows through the starter motor. The present invention can be applied to a starter of a type in which the interference between the pinion and the ring gear is canceled by the gentle rotation of the starter motor in advance with a small current by the sub-circuit to engage with the ring gear. In addition, since the axial gap between the hole and the shift lever after the contact between the pinion and the ring gear is greater than the axial distance between the movable contact and the fixed contact, a large current is supplied to the starter motor to start rotation. The present invention can be applied to a starter of a system in which interference between the pinion and the ring gear is released while the pinion meshes with the ring gear. Furthermore, a compression coil spring with a preload is provided between one end of the plunger and the boss to press the plunger,
Since the other end portion of the plunger is brought into contact with Giyake scan supports the plunger in the axial direction, it is possible to define the initial position of the pinion shaft which is pressed by the shift lever and the shift lever.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall structural view of a starter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed structural view of a starter.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged top view of part A.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion B.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 magnetic switch 2 plunger 2a connecting rod 2b square hole 3 shift lever 3a shift lever head rear end 3b shift lever head front end 4 tension coil spring 5 compression coil spring 6 boss 7 gear case 8 pinion shaft 9 pinion 11 ring gear 12 movable contact 13a B terminal (Fixed contact) 13b M terminal (fixed contact) 16 Motor 17 Coil 50 Starter L1 Axial gap between square hole and shift lever L2 Axial distance between movable contact and B terminal / M terminal L3 Pinion and ring gear after contact Axial distance between the movable contact and the B and M terminals

Continuation of the front page Examiner Makoto Watanabe (56) References JP-A-51-149431 (JP, A) JP-A-58-111361 (JP, U) JP-B-49-33513 (JP, B1) (58) Investigation Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F02N 15/06 F02N 11/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A starter motor that rotates when energized from a power supply, a pinion to which rotation of the starter motor is transmitted, a shift lever that moves the pinion toward a ring gear of an engine, a coil and a shaft that induce electromagnetic force. A magnetic switch having a plunger slidable in a direction, and a tension spring connecting the plunger and the shift lever, and energizing the coil causes the plunger to be attracted and the shift lever to move the plunger. pinion is pushed out, the starter pinion is started the engine by biting the ring gear, a pull <br/> Tsu tension coil spring axially outwardly of the coupling rod which is provided at the tip of the plunger is provided, the tension One of coil springs
The other end is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the shift lever.
A starter, wherein the plunger and the shift lever are coupled to a head while a preload is applied to the tension coil spring. 2. The starter according to claim 1 , wherein a head of the shift lever is disposed in a square hole provided in the connecting rod, and a wall surface of the square hole and a head of the shift lever are arranged. A starter characterized in that the pinion is pressed against the ring gear side by being brought into close contact with the ring gear. 3. A starter that rotates when energized from a power supply.
And a pinio to which the rotation of the starter motor is transmitted
And move the pinion toward the engine ring gear.
Shift lever to move, coil and shaft to induce electromagnetic force
Magnetic with plunger slidable in direction
Connecting a switch, the plunger and the shift lever.
And a tension spring for connecting the coil.
The plunger is sucked by the
The pinion is extruded with the pinion and the ring
A starter that starts the engine by engaging the gear
The plunger and the shifter axially outside the plunger.
A tension coil spring is provided between the lever and the lever.
With the plunger in a state where a preload is applied to the tension coil spring,
The magnetic switch is coupled to the shift lever, the magnetic switch includes a movable contact that is interlocked with the plunger, and a fixed contact that contacts the movable contact and conducts electricity from the power supply to the starter motor, and an end of the plunger. wherein the part of the shift lever is disposed in a hole provided in the connecting portion, the axial direction of said ring gear and said pinion and said hole after the contact with the shift lever provided with a connecting part to part A starter characterized in that the size of the gap is smaller than the axial distance between the movable contact and the fixed contact. 4. A starter that rotates when energized from a power supply.
And a pinio to which the rotation of the starter motor is transmitted
And move the pinion toward the engine ring gear.
Shift lever to move, coil and shaft to induce electromagnetic force
Magnetic with plunger slidable in direction
Connecting a switch, the plunger and the shift lever.
And a tension spring for connecting the coil.
The plunger is sucked by the
The pinion is extruded with the pinion and the ring
A starter that starts the engine by engaging the gear
The plunger and the shifter axially outside the plunger.
A tension coil spring is provided between the lever and the lever.
With the plunger in a state where a preload is applied to the tension coil spring,
The magnetic switch is coupled to the shift lever, the magnetic switch includes a movable contact that is interlocked with the plunger, and a fixed contact that contacts the movable contact and conducts electricity from the power supply to the starter motor, and an end of the plunger. wherein the part of the shift lever is disposed in a hole provided in the connecting portion, the axial direction of said ring gear and said pinion and said hole after the contact with the shift lever provided with a connecting part to part A starter wherein the size of the gap is equal to or greater than the axial distance between the movable contact and the fixed contact. 5. A starter that rotates when energized from a power supply.
And a pinio to which the rotation of the starter motor is transmitted
And move the pinion toward the engine ring gear.
Shift lever to move, coil and shaft to induce electromagnetic force
Magnetic with plunger slidable in direction
Connecting a switch, the plunger and the shift lever.
And a tension spring for connecting the coil.
The shift lever wherein the plunger is attracted by the
The pinion is extruded with the pinion and the ring
A starter that starts the engine by engaging the gear
The plunger and the shifter axially outside the plunger.
A tension coil spring is provided between the lever and the lever.
With the plunger in a state where a preload is applied to the tension coil spring,
A compression coil spring is provided in a state where a preload is applied between one end of the plunger and the boss, and the plunger is pressed by the compression coil spring to connect the other end of the plunger with a gear cable.
By contacting the scan, a starter, characterized in that supporting <br/> the plunger in the axial direction.